高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)人教版必修1第2單元知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)

Unit2.Englisharoundtheworld類別課標(biāo)規(guī)定掌握的項(xiàng)目話題Englishlanguageanditsdevelopment;differentkindsofEnglish(重點(diǎn)文化知識(shí))詞匯名詞：elevator,petrol,gas,voyage,apartment,vocabulary,spelling,identity,expression,Spanish,lorry,accent,lightning,block,cab,AD,base,Danish,Singapore,Malaysia,usage,command,request形容詞：official,gradual,fluent,native,latter,frequent,African,southeastern,northeastern,eastern,straight,Danish,Spanish動(dòng)詞：base,command,request,recognize副詞：fluently,gradually,actually,frequently短語(yǔ)：becauseof,comeup，atpresent，makesureof,suchas,playapartin功能語(yǔ)言交際困難（Difficultiesinlanguagecommunication)Pardon?/Ibegyourpardon?/whatyouweresayingisbeyondme.Sorry,Ican'tfollowyou.Couldyourepeatthat,please?重點(diǎn)句型1. Today,morepeoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst,secondoraforeignlanguagethaneverbefore.2. NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.3. Forexample,IndiahasaverylargenumberoffluentEnglishspeakers.TodaythenumberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.4. EnglishisalsospokeninSingaporeandMalaysiaandcountriesinAfricasuchasSouthAfrica.（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）5. AtfirsttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.（done作后置定語(yǔ)）6. Believeitornot.ThereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.（固定句型）7. AmericanEnglishhassomanydialectsbecausepeoplehavecomefromallovertheworld.8. ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.（定從）9. EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokefirstDanishandlaterFrench.（定語(yǔ)從句）10. Sobythe16005sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.話題寫作素材詞匯詞組HaveagreatcommandofEnglish精通英語(yǔ)2.Havedifficultydoingsth在做。。。方面吃力有困難3.Lookup/refertodictionary查閱字典4.Makefulluseof充分利用好。。。5.Makegreatprogress(in)在。。。取得巨大進(jìn)步6.Bearsthinmind熟記7.Insist/keepondoingsth堅(jiān)持做。。。8.Developahabitofdoingsth養(yǎng)成。。。的習(xí)慣9.Attachgreatimportancetosth重視。。。10.Enlargeone’savocabulary擴(kuò)充詞匯量11.Haveabeneficialeffectonsth對(duì)。。。有幫助12.Takein吸收（知識(shí)）13.Broadenone’sview/horizon開闊某人視野14.Learnsthbyheart牢記。。。15.Makepreparationforsth為。。。做好準(zhǔn)備16.Developone’sinterestinsth培養(yǎng)對(duì)。。。的興趣17.Goover復(fù)習(xí)18.OffersbsomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell給某人提一些如何學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的建議19.JoininEnglishcorner參加英語(yǔ)角活動(dòng)20.Stepbystep一步步地亮點(diǎn)句型（閱讀）Englishnewspaperisagreatsourceofusefulwordsandexpressions,whichhelpstobuildoursenseofEnglishlanguage.（重要性）1．ThereisnodenyingthatEnglishisofgreatimportance,whichcannotonlyhelpuscommunicatewithforeigners,butalsocanofferanopportunitytolearnfromthem.不可否認(rèn)英語(yǔ)很重要，它不僅有助于我們同外國(guó)人交流，而且給我們提供向他們學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。（重要意義）TheythinklearningEnglishisoneofthedemandsofmodernsocietyandwilldogoodtoourfuturecareer.他們認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的要求之一，它有益于我們未來(lái)的職業(yè)生涯。（重要意義）WearesupposedtolearnEnglishwellbecauseagoodcommandofEnglishmeansmoreopportunitiesinthefuture.我們理應(yīng)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，因?yàn)榫ㄓ⒄Z(yǔ)意味著在將來(lái)有更多的機(jī)會(huì)。（提建議；益處）ThereisnodoubtthatkeepinganEnglishdiaryhelpsyoualotwithyourwrittenEnglish.毫無(wú)疑問，寫英語(yǔ)日記非常有助于你書面語(yǔ)的提高。（英語(yǔ)活動(dòng)）I'mLiHua,aSenior3studentfromBeijingMiddleSchool.I'mwritingtosignupfortheindividualoralEnglishtrainingprogramofferedonline.我是北京中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，我報(bào)名參加英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)站的口語(yǔ)個(gè)人培訓(xùn)。IcanenlargemyvocabularyaswellaslearnmoreabouttheculturesandcustomsofEnglish-speakingcountriesbyreadingworksinEnglish.通過閱讀英語(yǔ)作品我可以增加詞匯量，了解更多說英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的風(fēng)俗文化。經(jīng)典語(yǔ)錄快樂家族名詞形容詞動(dòng)詞副詞備注Straight筆直的；正直的Straight徑直地；直接地Expression表達(dá)；表情Express表達(dá)Express快遞；快車Fluency流利Fluent流利的FluentlyFrequency頻率Frequent頻繁的FrequentlyUse使（應(yīng)）用Usage使用；用法UsefulUselessUsed二手的UseSpelling拼寫SpellPresent禮物；目前Presence出席；在場(chǎng)Present在場(chǎng)的；現(xiàn)在目前的Present呈現(xiàn)；遞交；展現(xiàn)GradualGraduallyOfficial官員Office辦公室OfficialGovernmentofficialNationNational國(guó)家的Native（to）Base底部；根基Basis根據(jù)；基礎(chǔ)Basic基本（礎(chǔ)）的Base以。。。為依據(jù)；以。。。為基礎(chǔ)Standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；規(guī)格Standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的；規(guī)范的重點(diǎn)詞匯Recognizevt.辨認(rèn)出來(lái)；承認(rèn)；認(rèn)可[典型例句]Vt.Irecognizehimasagreatleader.(認(rèn)可。。。是一個(gè)。。。)Stopworrying，yourtalentwill_____(recognize)soonerorlater.Icanhardlyrecognizeyou.Presentvt.頒發(fā)授予；呈送；展現(xiàn)adj.目前的；出席在場(chǎng)的n.禮物[典型例句]Vt.Themayorpresentedthisbraveyoungmanwithagoldmedal.(presentsbwithsth給。。。頒發(fā)。。。)Thatlittlegirlpresentedabunchofflowerstothepatient.(presentsthtosb送。。。給。。。)Theschoolpresentedacheerfulatmospheretothevisitors.Adj.Shewasnotpresentatthemeetingyesterday.n.Birthdaypresent/giftCommandvt./n命令；指揮[典型例句]Vt.Thepolicemancommandedthethieftohandin_____hehadstolen.(commandsbtodo命令某人做某事)Thepolicemancommandedthatthethief(should)handin_____hehadstolen.Command后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用（should）do的形式。n.A.shehasagoodcommandofEnglishandFrench.(精通)B.Hehasahundredmenunderhiscommand.(由。。。指揮控制)精練Thegeneralcommandedthatthesoldiers_____(fire)atonce.Thebosscommandedthatanyonewhofoolscustomersintobuyingsomethingtheydon’tneed_____(fire)withouthesitation.Requestvt./n請(qǐng)求；要求Vt.Theboyrequestedacellphonefrom/ofhisparents.(requeststhfrom/ofsb向某人索要某物)Itisrequestedthatyoushouldn’tsmokeinthepublicplaces.(itisrequested…根據(jù)要求)N．Hecametoattendtheceremonyatherrequest.(應(yīng)某人的要求)注意一“堅(jiān)持”（insist）兩“要求”（request/demand）三“建議”（suggest/advise/recommend）兩“命令”（command/order）在這些詞之后的賓語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句都要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“shoulddo”形式。精練Don’trushtoturndownthesuggestionthatwe_____(make)aphonecallinadvance.Thewaiterturnadeafeartoourrequestthattheseafooddishes_____(serve)withbeers.Journeytourtraveltripvoyage都有“旅行”的意思。Voyage尤指在海洋上的航行或旅行Hewentonavoyagearoundtheworld.Journey常指遠(yuǎn)程的陸地旅行，WishyouapleasantjourneyTrip短途短期的旅行，為了出差或者觀光目的BusinesstripTour觀光旅游，或‘巡視’‘巡回演出比賽’TheSunCircusCompanyisontourinF常指長(zhǎng)距離的旅行或國(guó)外旅行ThenovelisbasedonhistravelsinIndia.Basevt.以。。。為基礎(chǔ)；n.基礎(chǔ)，根基[典型例句]VtThedirectorbasesthemovieonarealstory.(以。。。為基礎(chǔ))Hebasedhishopesonthegoodnews_____wehadyesterday.Thenovelisbasedonfact.n.Theyfoundtheplaneatthebaseofthemountain.Speciallyespecially區(qū)別Specially專門（指專為某一個(gè)特定的目的）Especially尤其；特別是。。。表示不尋常或特別重要Icamehere_____toseeyou.Itis_____hottoday.Ourgardenisbeautiful,_____inautumn.Thelittledeviceis_____designedforthosewhohashearingtrouble.(錯(cuò))Standardn.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；規(guī)格adj.規(guī)范的；標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的Comeupto/meetstandard達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)set/fixastandard制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Improvethelivingstandards提高生活水平above/belowstandard高于/低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Blockn.街區(qū)；（木頭石頭）塊vt.堵塞；阻礙[典型例句]名Goaheadfor3blocks,andthenturnright.Ablockofice/rock動(dòng)Neverletthefearsoffailure_____(block)yourwaytosuccess.Hesteppedoutofthecar_____(find)thattheroad_____(block)byawreckedcar.Latteradj.后者的；較后的（反：former）Latelyadv.（recently）近來(lái)；最近Howhaveyoubeenlately?你近來(lái)好么？LatestAdj.(newest)最新的；時(shí)下流行的latestnewsLaterAdj.后來(lái)的adv.之后threedayslaterLateAdj.adv.遲的；晚的AGroupweddingforpetdogshasbeenheldinNanjing__________,hehasbecomeoneofthosewholiketoreadthe_____newsaboutsomefilmstars.TomandTinahaddecidedtohaveaholidaytogether,butthe_____ofthemchangedherownplan_____,whichmadeTom_____forhistrain.Playapart/rolein…在。。。中扮演角色（起作用）[典型例句]Sheplaysanactiveroleinlocalpolitics.Canyourealizethepartthatthemusicplaysinourdailylife?AswellasMarkZuckerbergaswellashiswife,decidetodonate99%oftheirFacebooksharestocharity.(錯(cuò))Heworksaswellasyou.Sheiscleveraswellasbeautiful.Aswell也IamgoingtoLondonforsightseeing.Mysisterisgoingaswell.（口語(yǔ)，句尾）Ithoughtlittleofthemovie.Otherssharemyviewtoo.(口語(yǔ)，句尾,肯定)Nowadaysmanypeopledon’thavebreakfastandIdon’teither.（否定，句尾）Hedoessomeshoppingsometimes.Healsohangsoutwithafewfriends.(主謂之間，正式書面語(yǔ))Attheendof…在。。。末尾（時(shí)間或空間）[典型例句]attheendofAttheendofthisroadyouwillfindthehospital.Allthepeoplewereveryexcitedattheendofthemeeting.Intheend（of）Intheend,thecruelkingwaskilled.Intheend約等于finally/eventuallyBytheendof…Bytheendoflastmonth,hehasfinishedreadingdozensofnovels.(錯(cuò))Bytheendofnextweekend,thebuildingforstudentswill_____(complete).后接過去時(shí)間用過去完成時(shí)，后接將來(lái)時(shí)間用將來(lái)時(shí)。Becauseof因?yàn)椋捎冢╠ueto/thanksto/owingto/asaresultof）[典型例句]后接名詞（詞團(tuán)）Becauseofthebigearthquakethathitthearealastmidnight,theelectricitysupplyhasbeencutoff.后接doingHecametoworklatebecauseofoversleeping.后接代詞Ididallthisbecauseofyou.后接what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句Itisbecauseofwhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaythatmatters.Youarefined5dollarsbecauseofwhatyouhavedone.精練thatisfoundthat80%ofcardriversarenotwillingtoweartheseatbelts_______thefactthattheymaynotfeelrelaxedfasteningthebelts.(錯(cuò))Jackdidn’tattendtheopeningceremonyyesterday_____hebrokehisleg.Jackdidn’tattendtheopeningceremonyyesterday_____breakinghisleg.________greathelpfromMr.Donaldaswellaspeter,wefinallymadeitallthewayintothefinal.Makeuseof利用(可加修飾詞full/good/little/thebest等)同義表達(dá)：takeadvantageof;makethemostof充分利用WeshouldmakefulluseofoursparetimetolearnEnglishwell.OursparetimeshouldbemadefulluseoftolearnEnglishwell.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中of不可省略)必備句型Evenif（though）“即使，雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句[典型例句]Evenifitrainstomorrow,wewillstillgohiking.(evenif主要用于假定某種情況下，事情仍然那樣發(fā)展進(jìn)行。)EvenifRonaldohadmadehisappearanceinthefinal,RealMadridwouldn’thavewinthegame.TodaythenumberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.出現(xiàn)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句子分析方法：=1\*GB3①找謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞）=2\*GB3②找邏輯關(guān)系（主被動(dòng)）doing/doneThenumberofThenumberofourmembersaddsupto1,000.（…的數(shù)量）(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù))AnumberofAnumberofChinesetouristsaretravelingabroadnextyear.（大量的；許多的）(謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù))However，onTVandtheradioyouwillheardifferencesinthewaypeoplespeak.當(dāng)way作先行詞，并在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that或者inwhich或省略。Idon’tliketheway(that/inwhich/不填)hetalkstohisparents.(…的方式)ThereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.沒有這樣/類的。。。。。。Eg:thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch.天底下沒有免費(fèi)的午餐這樣的好事。Thereisnosuchthingasashortcut.天底下沒有捷徑這樣的好事。ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.[句式分析]more…than與其。。。不如。。。，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)more之后的內(nèi)容，表示同一事物或者人的兩種特征對(duì)比，后面可以接很多成分。Adj.Heseemedmoresurprisedthanhappywhenheknewthenews.n.Heismoreadevotedhusbandthanagoodfather.介賓Helivesmoreonpensionthanonincome.[用法擴(kuò)展A]morethan…Adj.（書）Iammorethanhappytoinviteyoutoattendourgala.(非常，十分)N.（書）Christmasdayismorethanjustashoppingfeast.(不僅僅是；不簡(jiǎn)單是)數(shù)詞Morethan3,000peoplewereabsentfromclass.(超過)從句Hehadtodropoutofschoolandhelpedsupportthefamily,_____wasmorethanhecouldtakeon.[用法擴(kuò)展B]No+形容詞比較級(jí)+thanHisEnglishisnobetterthan_____(you).(兩者都不。。。，否定前后兩項(xiàng))他和你的英語(yǔ)都不怎么好。No/nothingmorethan名詞Theancientcanalisnownomorethanamuddyditch.Nomorethan數(shù)詞Theeducationhereceivedwasnomorethanhalfayear.根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給漢語(yǔ)解釋或單詞提示，用合適的詞的正確形式填空。Hesethimselfsuchahigh________(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）thatheoftendisappointedhimself.Icouldn’t________(認(rèn)出）myfriendbecauseIhadn’tseenherforsevenyears.Mysisterhasaverylarge__________(詞匯量)andshecanreadEnglishnovelsnow.The_________(航海）fromAmericatoFranceusedtotaketwomonths.Judgingfromhis_________(appear),hemustbefromtheUSA.His__________(本族的）languageisnotGermanbuthecanspeakitfluently.Theyrefusedtoreveal(透露)the__________(身份）ofthepersonwhowonthelottery.Therehasbeena__________(逐漸的)increaseinthenumberofpeoplewhohavecars.Itisreportedthatthepresidentwillmakean_________(官方)visittoTokyoinSeptember.Visitors_________(請(qǐng)求)nottotouchexhibits.B.請(qǐng)用本單元的短語(yǔ)完成句子，注意使用正確形式。1.Heisabsenttoday__________(因?yàn)?hisillness.2.I’vegotenoughmoney__________(目前)butImustgotothebanktodrawsomemoneytomorrow.She__________(走過來(lái))andsaid，“Gladtomeetyou.”Weshould______________(利用)theInternetwhenwedoresearchwork.You’lllikethegoodcharactersoftheboy，__________(例如)hishonesty._______________(信不信由你)，hehasbeentoAmericatwicethisyear.Childhoodexperiencesoften_______________ (起重要作用)shapingone’scharacter.Thisnovel_______________(基于)historicalfacts.Doyouknowthatthereis__________(不止一個(gè))kindofEnglish.Theflyagreedtogoupwithasteptothewebofthespider _______________(不加思索地）C.小詞大用丨請(qǐng)根據(jù)句子語(yǔ)境，用合適的詞填空。Themanagerofthecompanytoldusthatverylittleusewasmade_____thewastematerialinthepast.WhyhasEnglishchanged_____time?Itwasbasedmore_____GermanthantheEnglishwespeak present.Believeitornot,thereis_____suchthingasstandardEnglish.However,onTVandtheradioyouwillheardifferences_____thewaypeoplespeak.Whenpeopleusewordsandexpressionsdifferent _____the“standardlanguage”，itiscalleddialect.AmericanEnglishhassomanydialectsbecausepeoplehavecome_____allovertheworld.SomepeoplewholiveinthemountainsoftheeasternUSAspeak_____anolderkindofEnglishdialect.AlthoughmanyAmericansmovealot,they_____recognizeandunderstandea