2018年江蘇省高考英語(yǔ)試卷解析版

2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試(江蘇卷)第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分20分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1．WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?A．WatchaTVprogram.B．Giveatalk.C．Writeareport.2．Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?A．She’sgenerous.B．She’scurious.C．She’shelpful.3．Whendoesthetrainleave?A．At6：30.B．At8：30.C．At10：30.4．Howdoesthewomangotowork?A．Bycar.B．Onfoot.C．Bybike.5．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Classmates.B．Teacherandstudent.C．Doctorandpatient.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatdoesthewomanregret?A．Givingupherresearch.B．Droppingoutofcollege.C．Changinghermajor.7．Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?A．Ecology.B．Education.C．Chemistry.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．Whatistheman?A．Ahotelmanager.B．Atourguide.C．Ataxidriver.9．Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?A．Lookingforsomelocalfoods.B．Showingheraroundtheseaside.C．Offeringinformationaboutahotel.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inanoffice.B．Athome.C．Atarestaurant.11．Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A．Gotoaconcert.B．Visitafriend.C．Workextrahours.12．WhoisAlicegoingtocall?A．Mike.B．Joan.C．Catherine.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?A．Tolookatanapartment.B．Todeliversomefurniture.C．Tohaveamealtogether.14．Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?A．Itscolor.B．Itsdesign.C．Itsquality.15．Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?A．It’sagoodsize.B．It’snewlypainted.C．It’sadequatelyequipped.16．Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A．Godowntown.B．Talkwithherfriend.C．Makepayment.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A．Moviefans.B．Newsreporters.C．Collegestudents.18．WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?A．Beforehelefthishometown.B．AfterhecametoAmerica.C．Whenhewas15yearsold.19．Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?A．He’sproud.B．He’ssympathetic.C．He’sgrateful.20．Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A．Howeducationshapedhislife.B．Howhislanguageskillsimproved.C．Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.答案1.B2.C3.C4.B5.A6.B7.A8.B9．C10.C11.A12.B13.A14.A15.C16.B17．C18.B19.C20.A聽(tīng)力原文Text1W：James，you’vebeenwatchingTVforthewholeevening.What’son?M：It’sascienceprogramontheoriginoftheuniverse.I’llgiveapresentationonitinmyclasstomorrow.Text2M：Hello!DoyouhaveTheBestofMozart?W：Er...sorry.We’vejustsoldout.Butwecanorderoneforyou.Ifyougiveusyournumber，we’llcallyouwhentheCDarrives.Text3W：We’dbetterbegoingnow.Orwe’llbelateforthetrain.M：Norush.It’s8：30now.Westillhavetwohours.Text4M：Iamsotiredoftryingallthosehourstowork.W：Yeah，Iknowwhatyoumean.Iusedtodrivetwohourstoworkeachday.ButnowIlivewithinwalkingdistanceofmyoffice.Idon’tevenneedabike.Text5W：Hi，Andy.Ididn’tseeyouinProfessorSmith’sclassyesterday.Whathappened?M：Well，Ihadaheadache，soIcalledhimandaskedforsickleave.Text6W：ThebiggestmistakeImade...eh...wasleavingcollegeinmylastyearandnotcompletingmyeducation.SoI’mthinkingofgoingbacktoschool.M：School？Tostudywhat?W：Ecology.I’minterestedintherelationshipbetweenhumansandnature.M：Cool!Isitwhatyoustudiedyearsago?W：No，Imajoredinchemistrythen.Text7M：Goodmorning，madam.I’myourguideforthistrip.W：Howlovely!CouldyoutellmeaboutthehotelI’mgoingtostayat?M：Yes，ofcourse!TheGrandHotelopenedin1990，anditsitsontheseasidealongtheSouthCoastHighway.It’sthemostbeautifulhotelhere.W：Thatsoundsgreat!M：Andtherearesomerestaurantsoutside.Soatdinnertime，you’dhavealotofchoices.W：That’sreallynice.Iliketohavesomelocalfoodswhiletraveling.Whataboutthesceneryaroundit?M：ThehotelhasthebestviewsofthePacificOcean.W：Oh，IthinkIwilllovethishotel.Text8W：Hi，Mike.M：Hi，Alice.Nicetoseeyou.Youdon’toftencomehere.W：Iusuallyhavefastfooddeliveredtomyoffice.Ijustcomehereforachangetoday.M：Theenvironmenthereisgood，cleanandrelativelyquiet.W：Yeah.AndIheardthefoodistasty.Bytheway，areyougoingtotheconcerttomorrowevening?M：Yes，areyou?W：Yeah!Catherinewassupposedtogowithme，butshemayhavetoworkextrahourstomorrow.Doyouknowanyonewhomightliketogo?M：No，butifyoulike，Icanaskaround.Eh...Joanmightwanttogo.W：Oh，yes，sheisagreatfanofclassicalmusic.I’llgiveheraringafterlunch.Text9W：Hi.I’veonlyjustarrived.M：Oh，good.Now，herearethekeys.Let’sgoin.Therearetwoapartments.Theoneforrentisontheright.Docomein.W：Thankyou.Ilikethecarpet.Thecolorisnice，isn’tit?M：Yes，andthisapartmentisingoodcondition.Hereisyourlounge.W：Wherewouldweeat?M：Thereisthiscornerhere，oryoucanuseyourkitchen.Comeandsee.W：Thekitchenisquitesmall.M：Yeah，butithaseverything—cooker，fridge，evenadish-washer.W：Andtherearelotsofcupboards.M：Letmeshowyouthebedrooms.Thisisthesmallerone.W：It’sagoodsize，though.M：Nowcomeintotheotherbedroom.Youcanseethebathroom，too.W：Yes，itisverynice.ButI’llhavetoaskmyfriendfirstandwewillcometogether.Iunderstandit’s$800amonth.M：Yes，butafewblocksdowntownwouldbemuchmoreexpensive.W：Well，thankyou.Iwillbeintouch.Text10M：Thankyouverymuch.Thankyou，DoctorJohnson.Well，itisreallygreattobebackatuniversityagain.ThethingthatIwantedtotellyoutodayisthis：Educationisimportant.WhenIcametotheUS，Iwasonlythinkingaboutbeingacarpenter，butIcouldnotreadthenewspaper.AndIcouldnotunderstandthenewsontelevisionormoviesoranythinglikethis.SoIenteredthecitycollegetotakeEnglishclassesforforeignstudents.IwasveryproudthatIwasgoingtoacollegebecausenooneinmyfamilyeverwenttoanycollegeortoanyuniversity.Youknow，whenyou’refifteenyearsoldinmycountry，youfinishschoolandthenyoulearnatrade.Andthat’sexactlywhatIdid.WhenIwasfifteenyearsold，Ilearnedhowtobeacarpenter.Ayearlater，IcametoAmerica.Luckily，Imetaverygoodteacherwhoencouragedmetotakesomemathclasses，businessclassesandhistoryclasses.AndIbecameafull-timecollegestudent.AndtodaywhenIlookback，I’msohappybecauseyouneverknowwherelifewilltakeyou.Allofasudden，IstartedmakingmoneybecauseIwasreallygoodatmath.Youknow，howtoworkouteverythingwithmathissoimportant.ThisissomethingthatIlearnedwhenIstartedmyownbusiness，whichisdoingreallywell.第二部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分35分)第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.A．however B．whateverC．whichever D．whenever答案B21．Byboatistheonlywaytogethere，whichiswearrived.A．where B．whenC．why D．how答案D解析句意為：坐船是到達(dá)這里的唯一方法，這就是我們?nèi)绾?how)到達(dá)的。where表地點(diǎn)；when表時(shí)間；why表原因；how表方式。22．Kidsshouldn’thaveaccesstoviolentfilmsbecausetheymightthethingstheysee.A．indicate B．investigateC．imitate D．innovate答案C解析句意為：孩子們不應(yīng)該有機(jī)會(huì)接觸暴力電影，因?yàn)樗麄兛赡軙?huì)模仿(imitate)他們看到的東西。C項(xiàng)imitate“模仿”符合語(yǔ)境。indicate表明，暗示；investigate調(diào)查；innovate創(chuàng)新，改革。23．Self-drivingisanareaChinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.A．that B．whereC．which D．when答案B解析句意為：自動(dòng)駕駛是一個(gè)中國(guó)和世界上其他國(guó)家處在同一起跑線(xiàn)的領(lǐng)域。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，area作定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞，從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，要用where引導(dǎo)。that和which為關(guān)系代詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)；when是關(guān)系副詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。24．It’sstrangethathehavetakenthebookswithouttheowner’spermission.A．would B．shouldC．could D．might答案B解析句意為：很奇怪，他竟然未經(jīng)主人同意就拿走了那些書(shū)。此處should作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示“竟然”，符合句意，故選B。25．DevelopingtheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltisasystematicprojectwhichaclearroadmapandtimetable.A．callsfor B．callsonC．callsoff D．callsup答案A解析句意為：發(fā)展長(zhǎng)江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)化項(xiàng)目，該項(xiàng)目要求(callfor)有清晰的路線(xiàn)圖和時(shí)間表。callfor要求，需要；callon拜訪(fǎng)，號(hào)召；calloff取消；callup打電話(huà)。26．Around13,500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod，theexpectednumberof12,000heldbymarketanalysts.A．havingexceeded B．toexceedC．exceeded D．exceeding答案D解析句意為：在這段時(shí)期創(chuàng)造了大約13500個(gè)新工作，超過(guò)了市場(chǎng)分析師認(rèn)為的12000個(gè)的預(yù)期數(shù)量。werecreated是謂語(yǔ)，因此exceed只能用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)havingexceeded表示exceed的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在werecreated之前，不符合語(yǔ)境；B項(xiàng)toexceed不能作伴隨狀語(yǔ)；C項(xiàng)exceeded表示主語(yǔ)與exceed之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，也不符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。27．Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage，andIwishIasecondchancetobecomemoreinvolved.A．had B．willhaveC．wouldhavehad D．havehad答案A解析句意為：在這個(gè)村子里社交生活良好，我希望我能再有機(jī)會(huì)更多地參與其中。Iwish后接從句，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。敘述與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句謂語(yǔ)用did(be動(dòng)詞用were)；敘述與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句謂語(yǔ)用haddone；敘述與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句謂語(yǔ)用would/coulddo。由語(yǔ)境可知，此處敘述與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，故選A。28．—Youknowwhat？I’vegotaNewYearconcertticket.—Oh，You’rekidding.A．sowhat? B．goahead.C．comeon. D．whatfor?答案C解析句意為：——你猜怎么著？我有一張新年音樂(lè)會(huì)的票。——噢，得了吧。你在開(kāi)玩笑吧。sowhat意為“那又怎么樣呢”，表示對(duì)對(duì)方說(shuō)的話(huà)不以為然；goahead意為“去吧，干吧”，用于鼓勵(lì)別人；comeon可意為“加油”，用于激勵(lì)別人，也可意為“得了吧，怎么會(huì)呢”，表示不相信；whatfor用于詢(xún)問(wèn)目的，意為“為了什么”。由語(yǔ)境可知C項(xiàng)正確。29．youcansleepwell，youwilllosetheabilitytofocus，planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.A．Once B．UnlessC．If D．When答案B解析句意為：你如果睡不好的話(huà)，一兩個(gè)晚上后就會(huì)失去集中注意力、做好規(guī)劃和保持積極性的能力。B項(xiàng)unless意為“如果不，除非”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，符合語(yǔ)境。once一旦；if如果；when當(dāng)……的時(shí)候。30．Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplaninthepasttwoyears.A．hadbeencarriedoutB．wouldbecarriedoutC．isbeingcarriedoutD．hasbeencarriedout答案A解析句意為：上個(gè)月我被派到那個(gè)村子里去看了看在過(guò)去的兩年里這個(gè)發(fā)展計(jì)劃實(shí)施得怎么樣了。根據(jù)inthepasttwoyears可知應(yīng)用完成時(shí)，先排除B、C兩項(xiàng)；再根據(jù)carryout發(fā)生在wassent之前可知，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選A。31．Hopefullyin2025wewillnolongerbee-mailingeachother，forwemoreconvenientelectroniccommunicationtoolsbythen.A．havedevelopedB．haddevelopedC．willhavedevelopedD．developed答案C解析句意為：在2025年我們有望不用再互相發(fā)電子郵件了，因?yàn)榈侥菚r(shí)我們將已經(jīng)研制出更便捷的電子交流工具了。根據(jù)句中的in2025以及bythen可知，后面應(yīng)用將來(lái)完成時(shí)willhavedone，故選C項(xiàng)。32．Trytounderstandwhat’sactuallyhappeninginsteadofactingontheyou’vemade.A．a(chǎn)ssignment B．a(chǎn)ssociationC．a(chǎn)cquisition D．a(chǎn)ssumption答案D解析句意為：努力弄明白實(shí)際正在發(fā)生的事情，而不是按照你做出的假設(shè)去行動(dòng)。D項(xiàng)assumption意為“假設(shè)”，符合語(yǔ)境。you’vemade是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾assumption，makeanassumption意為“做出假設(shè)”。assignment任務(wù)，作業(yè)；association聯(lián)系；acquisition獲得，得到。33．China’ssoftpowergrowstheincreasingappreciationandunderstandingofChinaglobally.A．inlinewith B．inreplytoC．inreturnfor D．inhonourof答案A解析句意為：中國(guó)的軟實(shí)力在增長(zhǎng)，這與中國(guó)在全球范圍內(nèi)得到越來(lái)越多的欣賞和理解是一致的。A項(xiàng)inlinewith意為“與……一致”，符合語(yǔ)境。inreplyto回復(fù)，答復(fù)；inreturnfor作為對(duì)……的回報(bào)；inhonourof為了向……表示尊敬。34．Despitethepoorserviceofthehotel，themanageristoinvestinsufficienttrainingforhisstaff.A．keen B．reluctantC．a(chǎn)nxious D．ready答案B解析句意為：雖然賓館的服務(wù)很差，但經(jīng)理仍然不愿意投資對(duì)員工進(jìn)行充分的培訓(xùn)。B項(xiàng)reluctant意為“不情愿的”，符合語(yǔ)境。keen渴望的，著迷的；anxious擔(dān)心的，焦慮的；ready準(zhǔn)備好的，愿意的。35．—Whathappened？Yourbossseemsto.—Didn’tyouknowhissecretaryleakedthesecretreporttothepress?A．beoverthemoonB．laughhisheadoffC．beallearsD．flyoffthehandle答案D解析句意為：——發(fā)生了什么事？你的老板似乎。——難道你不知道他的秘書(shū)把這個(gè)秘密報(bào)告泄露給了新聞?dòng)浾吡藛?？D項(xiàng)flyoffthehandle意為“大發(fā)雷霆”，符合語(yǔ)境。beoverthemoon欣喜若狂；laughhisheadoff大笑不止，狂笑不已；beallears全神貫注地聽(tīng)，洗耳恭聽(tīng)。第二節(jié)：完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分20分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。RaynorWinnandherhusbandMothbecamehomelessduetotheirwronginvestment.Theirsavingshadbeen36topaylawyers’fees.Tomakemattersworse，Mothwasdiagnosed(診斷)witha37disease.Therewasno38，onlypainrelief.Failingtofindanyotherwayout，theydecidedtomakea39journey，astheycaughtsightofanoldhikers’(徒步旅行者)guide.Thiswasalongjourneyofunaccustomedhardshipand40recovery.Whenleavinghome，RaynorandMothhadjust￡320inthebank.Theyplannedtokeepthe41lowbylivingonboilednoodles，withthe42hamburgershoptreat.Wildcampingis43inEngland.Toavoidbeingcaught，theWinnshadtogettheirtentup44andpackeditawayearlyinthemorning.TheWinnssoondiscoveredthatdailyhikingintheir50sisalot45thantheyrememberitwasintheir20s.Raynor46alloveranddesiredabath.Moth，meanwhile，afteraninitial47，foundhissymptomswerestrangely48bytheirdailytiringjourney.49，thecouplefoundthattheirbodiesturnedforthebetter，withre-foundstrongmusclesthattheythoughthad50forever.“Ourhairwasfriedandfallingout，nailsbroken，clothes51toathread，butwewerealive.”Duringthejourney，Raynorbeganacareerasanaturewriter.Shewrites，“52hadtakeneverymaterialthingfrommeandleftmetornbare，anemptypageattheendofa(n)53writtenbook.Ithadalsogivenmea54，eithertoleavethatpage55ortokeepwritingthestorywithhope.Ichosehope.”36．A.drawnup B．usedupC．backedup D．keptup答案B解析文章開(kāi)頭交代，夫妻倆因投資不當(dāng)而變得無(wú)家可歸。由此可推知，為了支付律師費(fèi)，他們的積蓄被用完(useup)了。drawup起草，(車(chē)輛)停下；backup支持；keepup保持，繼續(xù)。37．A.mild B．commonC．preventable D．serious答案D解析由空前的“tomakemattersworse”(更糟糕的是)及后文的提示“onlypainrelief”可知Moth被診斷出得了重(serious)病。mild溫和的，輕微的；common常見(jiàn)的；preventable可預(yù)防的。38．A.cure B．luckC．care D．promise答案A解析由空后的“onlypainrelief”可知，此處是說(shuō)該病無(wú)法治愈(cure)。luck運(yùn)氣，好運(yùn)；care關(guān)懷，照料；promise許諾，答應(yīng)。39．A.business B．walkingC．bus D．rail答案B解析由空后的hikers可知是徒步旅行，故選walking。business商業(yè)；bus公共汽車(chē)；rail鐵路。40．A.expected B．frighteningC．disappointing D．surprising答案D解析由下文可知這次徒步旅行收到了驚人的(surprising)康復(fù)效果。expected預(yù)期的；frightening嚇人的；disappointing令人失望的。41．A.budget B．revenueC．compensation D．a(chǎn)llowance答案A解析空前提到，他們只有320英鎊，空后提到他們以煮面條為食，由此可知他們計(jì)劃保持低預(yù)算(budget)。revenue稅收，收益；compensation補(bǔ)償費(fèi)，賠償金；allowance津貼，零用錢(qián)。42．A.frequent B．occasionalC．a(chǎn)bundant D．constant答案B解析因?yàn)轭A(yù)算低，他們只能靠煮面條過(guò)活，偶爾(occasional)去漢堡店款待一下自己?？蘸蟮膖reat是名詞，有“款待”之意。因?yàn)轭A(yù)算低，所以去漢堡店不可能是frequent“頻繁的”、abundant“充足的”或constant“經(jīng)常的”。43．A.unpopular B．lawfulC．a(chǎn)ttractive D．illegal答案D解析由下文的“Toavoidbeingcaught”(避免被抓)可知，在英國(guó)，野外宿營(yíng)是非法的(illegal)。unpopular不流行的；lawful合法的；attractive吸引人的。44．A.soon B．earlyC．late D．slowly答案C解析為了避免被抓，他們只好很晚(late)才撐起帳篷并且一早就把帳篷收起來(lái)。顯然，該空與early相對(duì)，只能選late。soon快，不久；early早；slowly緩慢地。45．A.harder B．easierC．cheaper D．funnier答案A解析根據(jù)常識(shí)及下文的Raynor渾身疼痛可知夫妻倆很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們?cè)?0多歲時(shí)的徒步旅行比記憶中20多歲時(shí)的徒步旅行艱難多了(harder)。easier更容易的；cheaper更便宜的；funnier更有趣的。46．A.rolled B．bledC．a(chǎn)ched D．trembled答案C解析通讀上下文可知，夫妻倆都50多歲了，每天徒步旅行，Raynor渾身疼痛(acheallover)，想洗個(gè)澡。roll滾動(dòng)；bleed流血；tremble顫抖。47．A.struggle B．progressC．excitement D．research答案A解析上文提到Moth得了重病，所以旅行開(kāi)始時(shí)他一定是痛苦的，故選struggle“掙扎”。progress進(jìn)步；excitement興奮；research研究，調(diào)查。48．A.developed B．controlledC．reduced D．increased答案C解析由空前的strangely(奇怪地)及下一段中的“theirbodiesturnedforthebetter”(他們的身體好轉(zhuǎn)了)可知Moth的癥狀減輕(reduce)了。develop發(fā)展，成長(zhǎng)；control控制；increase增加。49．A.Initially B．EventuallyC．Temporarily D．Consequently答案B解析最后(eventually)，夫妻倆發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的身體都有所好轉(zhuǎn)。initially最初；temporarily臨時(shí)地；consequently因此，所以。50．A.gained B．keptC．wounded D．lost答案D解析夫妻倆身體好轉(zhuǎn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)本以為永遠(yuǎn)消失(lose)了的強(qiáng)壯肌肉重新出現(xiàn)了。gain獲得；keep保持；wound使受傷。51．A.sewn B．washedC．worn D．ironed答案C解析由空前描述的“頭發(fā)干枯脫落，指甲斷裂”可知該空是說(shuō)衣服被磨損(wear)成線(xiàn)。sew縫；wash洗；iron熨。52．A.Doctors B．HikingC．Lawyers D．Homelessness答案D解析通讀上下文可知，把她所有物質(zhì)的東西都帶走的不可能是“醫(yī)生”“徒步旅行”或“律師”，而應(yīng)是無(wú)家可歸(homelessness)。53．A.well B．partlyC．neatly D．originally答案B解析句意為：無(wú)家可歸帶走了我所有物質(zhì)的東西，我被撕得支離破碎，在人生這本已經(jīng)寫(xiě)完一部分的書(shū)的最后留下空白的一頁(yè)。Raynor把自己目前的人生比作已經(jīng)寫(xiě)完一部分的書(shū)(partlywrittenbook)。wellwritten寫(xiě)得好；neatlywritten寫(xiě)得整潔；originallywritten原創(chuàng)的。54．A.choice B．rewardC．promise D．break答案A解析由空后的either...or...及最后一句“Ichosehope.(我選擇了希望)”可知該處意為“它也給了我一個(gè)選擇(choice)”。reward獎(jiǎng)賞，報(bào)酬；promise承諾；break間歇。55．A.loose B．fullC．blank D．missing答案C解析上文的“anemptypage”提示該空填blank(空白的)。給Raynor的選擇是“或者留著那頁(yè)空白或者帶著希望繼續(xù)寫(xiě)故事”。loose松的；full滿(mǎn)的；missing丟失的。第三部分：閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A56．Howmuchmaytheypayifan11-year-oldgirlandherworkingparentsvisitthemuseum?A.12. B.37.C.50. D.62.答案C解析數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)Admission部分的“25.00recommendedforadults，12.00recommendedforstudents...freeforchildrenunder12withanadult.”可知，在入場(chǎng)費(fèi)的收取方面，成年人每人收25美元，12歲以下有成人陪同的孩子是免費(fèi)的。所以11歲的女孩和她的爸爸媽媽要參觀該博物館時(shí)，入場(chǎng)費(fèi)為50美元。故選C項(xiàng)。57．TheattractionoftheCloistersmuseumandgardensliesinthefactthat.A．itopensalltheyearroundB．itscollectionsdatefromtheMiddleAgesC．ithasamodernEuropean-stylegardenD．itsellsexcellentEuropeanglasscollections答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheCloistersMuseumandGardens部分的“...devotedtotheartandarchitectureofEuropeintheMiddleAges.”可知，修道院藝術(shù)博物館作為大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館的一個(gè)分館，專(zhuān)門(mén)用來(lái)展出中世紀(jì)歐洲有關(guān)藝術(shù)和建筑的作品，所以修道院藝術(shù)博物館的吸引人之處也就在于此，故選B項(xiàng)(它的藏品始于中世紀(jì))。BInthe1760s，MathurinRozeopenedaseriesofshopsthatboasted(享有)aspecialmeatsoupcalledconsommé.Althoughthemainattractionwasthesoup，Roze’schainshopsalsosetanewstandardfordiningout，whichhelpedtoestablishRozeastheinventorofthemodernrestaurant.Today，scholarshavegeneratedlargeamountsofinstructiveresearchaboutrestaurants.Takevisualhintsthatinfluencewhatweeat：dinersservedthemselvesabout20percentmorepasta(意大利面食)whentheirplatesmatchedtheirfood.Whenadark-coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone，customersrecognizeditassweeterandmoretasty.Lightingmatters，too.WhenBerlinrestaurantcustomersateindarkness，theycouldn’ttellhowmuchthey’dhad：thosegivenextra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse，butwerenonethewiser—theydidn’tfeelfuller，andtheywerejustasreadyfordessert.Timeismoney，butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.Unlikefast-foodplaces，finediningshopsprefercustomerstostaylongerandspend.Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround：putonsomeMozart(莫扎特)．Whenclassical，ratherthanpop，musicwasplaying，dinersspentmore.Fastmusichurrieddinersout.Particularscentsalsohaveaneffect：dinerswhogotthescentoflavender(薰衣草)stayedlongerandspentmorethanthosewhosmelledlemon，ornoscent.Meanwhile，thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—“bad”tables，crowding，highprices—don’tnecessarily.Dinersatbadtables—nexttothekitchendoor，say—spentnearlyasmuchasothersbutsoonfled.Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables，”giventhatthey’reprofitable.Asforcrowds，aHongKongstudyfoundthattheyincreasedarestaurant’sreputation，suggestinggreatfoodatfairprices.Anddoublingabuffet’spriceledcustomerstosaythatitspizzawas11percenttastier.58．Theunderlinedphrase“nonethewiser”inParagraph3mostprobablyimpliesthatthecustomerswere.A．notawareofeatingmorethanusualB．notwillingtosharefoodwithothersC．notconsciousofthefoodqualityD．notfondofthefoodprovided答案A解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“...thosegivenextra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse，butwerenonethewiser—theydidn’tfeelfuller...”可知，那些被給以大份飯菜的食客比其他人吃得多，但他們沒(méi)覺(jué)得更飽，這說(shuō)明在黑暗的就餐環(huán)境下，食客并不清楚自己多吃了多少，所以此處的nonethewiser是“不清楚，不知道”之意。故選A項(xiàng)。59．Howcouldafinediningshopmakemoreprofit?A．Playingclassicalmusic.B．Introducinglemonscent.C．Makingthelightbrighter.D．Usingplatesoflargersize.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Whenclassical，ratherthanpop，musicwasplaying，dinersspentmore.”可知，當(dāng)演奏古典音樂(lè)而不是流行音樂(lè)的時(shí)候，食客們會(huì)花更多的錢(qián)。spentmore就是對(duì)題干中makemoreprofit的語(yǔ)意轉(zhuǎn)化。故選A項(xiàng)。60．Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?A．Tipstoattractmorecustomers.B．Problemsrestaurantsarefacedwith.C．Waystoimproverestaurants’reputation.D．Commonmisunderstandingsaboutrestaurants.答案D解析段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段首句中的“thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—‘bad’tables，crowding，highprices—don’tnecessarily”可知，你可能認(rèn)為會(huì)打消你消費(fèi)的念頭的東西——位置“不好”的桌位、擁擠和價(jià)格高——未必如此(指在某些人看來(lái)，這些不利因素未必不會(huì)帶來(lái)利潤(rùn)的增加)。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為這些對(duì)于餐館的常見(jiàn)的觀點(diǎn)是一種誤解，故選D項(xiàng)。CIfyouwanttodisturbthecarindustry，you’dbetterhaveafewbilliondollars：Mom-and-popcarmakersareunlikelytobeatthebiggestcarcompanies.Butinagriculture，smallfarmerscangetthebestofthemajorplayers.Byconnectingdirectlywithcustomers，andbyrespondingquicklytochangesinthemarketsaswellasintheecosystems(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))，smallfarmerscankeeponestepaheadofthebigguys.Astheco-founderoftheNationalYoungFarmersCoalition(NYFC，美國(guó)青年農(nóng)會(huì))andafamilyfarmermyself，Ihaveafront-rowseattotheinnovationsamongsmallfarmersthataretransformingtheindustry.Forexample，taketheQuickCutGreensHarvester，atooldevelopedjustacoupleofyearsagobyayoungfarmer，JonathanDysinger，inTennessee，withasmallloanfromalocalSlowMoneygroup.Itenablessmall-scalefarmerstoharvest175poundsofgreenvegetablesperhour—ahugeimprovementoverharvestingjustafewdozenpoundsbyhand—suddenlymakingitpossibleforthelittleguystocompetewithlargefarmsofCalifornia.Beforethetoolcameout，smallfarmerscouldn’ttouchthepriceperpoundofferedbyCaliforniafarms.Butnow，withthecombinationofabetterpricepointandagenerallyfresherproduct，theycanstayinbusiness.Thesustainablesuccessofsmallfarmers，though，won’thappenwithoutfundamentalchangestotheindustry.Onecrucialfactorissecureaccesstoland.Competitionfrominvestors，developers，andestablishedlargefarmersmakesowningone’sownlandunattainableformanynewfarmers.From2004to2013，agriculturallandvaluesdoubled，andtheycontinuetoriseinmanyregions.Anotherchallengeformorethanamillionofthemostqualifiedfarmworkersandmanagersisanon-existentpathtocitizenship—thegreatestbarriertobuildingafarmoftheirown.Withfarmersovertheageof65outnumbering(多于)farmersyoungerthan35bysixtoone，andwithtwo-thirdsofthenation’sfarmlandinneedofanewfarmer，wemustclearthepathfortalentedpeoplewillingtogrowthenation’sfood.Therearesolutionsthatcouldlightapathtowardamoresustainableandfairfarmeconomy，butfarmerscan’tclumsilyputthemtogetherbeforeus.WeattheNYFCneedbroadsupportasweurgeCongresstoincreasefarmlandconservation，aswepushforimmigrationreform，andasweseekpoliciesthatwillensurethesuccessofadiverseandambitiousnextgenerationoffarmersfromallbackgrounds.WithanewfarmbilltobedebatedinCongress，consumersmusttakeastandwithyoungfarmers.61．Theauthormentionscarindustryatthebeginningofthepassagetointroduce.A．theprogressmadeincarindustryB．a(chǎn)specialfeatureofagricultureC．a(chǎn)trendofdevelopmentinagricultureD．theimportanceofinvestingincarindustry答案B解析推理判斷題。文章開(kāi)頭首先提到汽車(chē)行業(yè)的特點(diǎn)，“如果想進(jìn)軍汽車(chē)行業(yè)，你最好有幾十億美元：家庭經(jīng)營(yíng)的汽車(chē)制造廠(chǎng)不大可能擊敗最大的汽車(chē)公司”；接著指出“但是在農(nóng)業(yè)方面，小農(nóng)場(chǎng)主可以勝過(guò)大農(nóng)場(chǎng)主”。由此可知，作者開(kāi)頭提到汽車(chē)行業(yè)是為了通過(guò)對(duì)比介紹農(nóng)業(yè)的一個(gè)特色。62．WhatdoestheauthorwanttoillustratewiththeexampleinParagraph2?A．Loanstosmalllocalfarmersarenecessary.B．Technologyisvitalforagriculturaldevelopment.C．Competitionbetweensmallandbigfarmsisfierce.D．Smallfarmersmaygainsomeadvantagesoverbigones.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“...suddenlymakingitpossibleforthelittleguystocompetewithlargefarmsofCalifornia.”以及“...theycanstayinbusiness.”可知，QuickCutGreensHarvester的發(fā)明讓小農(nóng)場(chǎng)可以與加利福尼亞的大農(nóng)場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，并且可以繼續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)下去，也就是說(shuō)小農(nóng)場(chǎng)主可能比大農(nóng)場(chǎng)主獲得了一些優(yōu)勢(shì)。63．Whatisthedifficultyforthosenewfarmers?A．Togainmorefinancialaid.B．Tohiregoodfarmmanagers.C．Tohavefarmsoftheirown.D．Towinoldfarmers’support.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Competitionfrominvestors，developers，andestablishedlargefarmersmakesowningone’sownlandunattainableformanynewfarmers.”可知，來(lái)自投資者、開(kāi)發(fā)商和資深的大農(nóng)場(chǎng)主的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)使許多新農(nóng)場(chǎng)主無(wú)法擁有自己的土地，也就是說(shuō)，新農(nóng)場(chǎng)主面臨的困難是“有自己的農(nóng)場(chǎng)”。64．Whatshouldfarmersdoforamoresustainableandfairfarmeconomy?A．SeeksupportbeyondNYFC.B．Expandfarmlandconservation.C．BecomemembersofNYFC.D．Investmoretoimprovetechnology.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的“amoresustainableandfairfarmeconomy”定位到文章最后一段。該段提到NYFC在敦促?lài)?guó)會(huì)增加耕地保護(hù)等方面需要支持，有關(guān)國(guó)會(huì)將要討論的新農(nóng)業(yè)法案，消費(fèi)者必須與年輕農(nóng)民站在一起。由此可知，為了使農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)和公平發(fā)展，農(nóng)場(chǎng)主需要尋求NYFC以外的支持。DChildrenasyoungastenarebecomingdependentonsocialmediafortheirsenseofself-worth，amajorstudywarned.Itfoundmanyyoungsters(少年)nowmeasuretheirstatusbyhowmuchpublicapprovaltheygetonline，oftenthrough“l(fā)ikes”．Somechangetheirbehaviourinreallifetoimprovetheirimageontheweb.Thereportintoyoungstersagedfrom8to12wascarriedoutbyChildren’sCommissioner(專(zhuān)員)AnneLongfield.Shesaidsocialmediafirmswereexposingchildrentomajoremotionalrisks，withsomeyoungstersstartingsecondaryschoolill-equippedtocopewiththetremendouspressuretheyfacedonline.Somesocialappswerepopularamongthechildreneventhoughtheysupposedlyrequireuserstobeatleast13.Theyoungstersadmittedplanningtripsaroundpotentialphoto-opportunitiesandthenmessagingfriends—andfriendsoffriends—todemand“l(fā)ikes”fortheironlineposts.Thereportfoundthatyoungstersfelttheirfriendshipscouldbeatriskiftheydidnotrespondtosocialmediapostsquickly，andaroundtheclock.Childrenaged8to10were“startingtofeelhappy”whenotherslikedtheirposts.However，thoseinthe10to12agegroupwere“concernedwithhowmanypeopleliketheirposts”，suggestinga“need”forsocialrecognitionthatgetsstrongertheoldertheybecome.MissLongfieldwarnedthatagenerationofchildrenriskedgrowingup“worriedabouttheirappearanceandimageasaresultoftheunrealisticlifestylestheyfollowonplatforms，andincreasinglyanxiousaboutswitchingoffduetotheconstantdemandsofsocialmedia”．Shesaid：“Childrenareusingsocialmediawithfamilyandfriendsandtoplaygameswhentheyareinprimaryschool.Butwhatstartsasfunusageofappsturnsintotremendouspressureinrealsocialmediainteractionatsecondaryschool.”Astheirworldexpanded，shesaid，childrencomparedthemselvestoothersonlineinawaythatwas“hugelydamagingintermsoftheirself-identity，intermsoftheirconfidence，butalsointermsoftheirabilitytodevelopthemselves”．MissLongfieldadded：“Thenthereisthispushtoconnect—ifyougooffline，willyoumisssomething，willyoumissout，willyoushowthatyoudon’tcareaboutthosepeopleyouarefollowing，allofthosecometogetherinahugewayatonce.”“Forchildrenitisvery，verydifficulttocopewithemotionally.”TheChildren’sCommissionerforEngland’sstudy—LifeinLikes—foundthatchildrenasyoungas8wereusingsocialmediaplatformslargelyforplay.However，theresearch—involvingeightgroupsof32childrenaged8to12—suggestedthatastheyheadedtowardtheirteens，theybecameincreasinglyanxiousonline.Bythetimetheystartedsecondaryschool—atage11—childrenwerealreadyfarmoreawareoftheirimageonlineandfeltunderhugepressuretoensuretheirpostswerepopular，thereportfound.However，theystilldidnotknowhowtocopewithmean-spiritedjokes，orthesenseofincompetencetheymightfeeliftheycomparedthemselvestocelebrities(名人)ormorebrilliantfriendsonline.Thereportsaidtheyalsofacedpressuretorespondtomessag