賓語定語狀語從句復(fù)習(xí)課件

MainlyRevisionofJuniorEnglishGoforit!ComplexSentencesMainlyRevisionofJuniorEngl1

TheComplexSentencesinJuniorEnglish:

初中英語教材中涉及到的復(fù)合句主要有：TheObjectClause

(賓語從句)、TheAdverbialClause

(狀語從句)和

TheAttributiveClause

(定語從句)。其它諸如主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句等形式的復(fù)合句盡管在教材中也有出現(xiàn)，但在中考中沒有被列為重點(diǎn)考查范圍。TheComplexSentencesinJun2Ⅰ.TheObjectClause(賓語從句)

賓語從句是英語中用來充當(dāng)賓語的句子。帶有賓語從句的那個(gè)句子叫主句。賓語從句一般由“引導(dǎo)詞+主語+謂語+其它”構(gòu)成，其語序是陳述句語序。Ⅰ.TheObjectClause(賓語從句)3

A)Introducedbythat主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是say,think,tell,know,hear,see,feel,mean,hope,wish,remember,forget等時(shí)，或主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是由形容詞afraid,glad,sure,sorry等作表語的系表結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，后面常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。e.g.Hesaysthathewantstospeaktotheheadmaster.I’msorry(that)heisn’thererightnow.A)Introducedbythat4Note:1.that的省略：that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句用來陳述事實(shí)，that本身無詞義，在從句中不作任何成分，在口語中或非正式文體中常常可被省略。e.g.Iguess(that)somebodyelsehasborrowedit.I’mafraid(that)you’llhavetowait.2.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移：主句是I/Wethink/suppose/guess/believe等時(shí)，從句中的否定習(xí)慣上要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。如：我認(rèn)為雞不會(huì)游泳。誤：Ithinkchickenscannotswim.正：Idon’tthinkchickenscanswim.此外，上述情況在變成反意疑問句時(shí)，附加疑問句要看從句，如果主句的主語不是第一人稱，則附加疑問句要看主句。試比較：Ithinkheiswrong,isn’the?Hethinksheisright,doesn’the?Note:5BackB)Introducedbyif/whetherif/whether都可作賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，意為“是否”，在一般情況下可以互換。if多用于口語和非正式文體中，whether則多用于比較正式的文體中。如：e.g.Sheaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelpherwithherEnglish.Idon’tknowif/whetheritisgoingtorain.BackB)Introducedbyif/whethe6BackNote:只用whether的四種情況：1.在介詞后I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.2.直接與ornot連用時(shí)Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcometohelpus.3.在動(dòng)詞discuss后面的賓語從句中Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.4.賓語從句提前時(shí)只能用whetherWhetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.BackNote:只用whether的四種情況：7BackC)Introducedbyrelativepronounsandadverbs（連接代詞和連接副詞）一、構(gòu)成：1.1.賓語從句可由連接代詞what,who,whom,which等引導(dǎo)，它們在賓語從句中可作主語、賓語、表語和定語等，因此不能省略。Doyouknowwhowillcomethisafternoon?(作主語)Didyouhearwhathesaid?（作賓語）Idon’tknowwhosethatis.（作表語）Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?（作gate的定語）2.賓語從句可由連接副詞when,where,how,why等引導(dǎo)，它們在賓語從句中作狀語，不可省略。Wedidn’tknowwhenshewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?Nooneknowswhysheislateagain.BackC)Introducedbyrelative8二、難點(diǎn)：1.避免重復(fù)出現(xiàn)連接代詞或連接副詞；e.g.*Ican’tseethatwhatisoverthere.

（應(yīng)去掉that）2.從句中的語序?yàn)殛愂稣Z序；e.g.*Doyouknowhowoldisshe?(應(yīng)改為：…h(huán)owoldsheis)3.從句中的時(shí)態(tài)與主句時(shí)態(tài)前后呼應(yīng)。e.g.*Shedidn’ttellmewhenshewillcome.(應(yīng)改為：…whenshewouldcome)

二、難點(diǎn)：9三、轉(zhuǎn)換：

由連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可用疑問代詞和疑問副詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式替代，進(jìn)行句型上的轉(zhuǎn)換。e.g.I’venoideawhatwe’regoingtodonext.=I’venoideawhattodonext.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?=Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?三、轉(zhuǎn)換：10四、賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)主句中謂語動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)不受限制，可根據(jù)具體情況選用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)；主句謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)，從句中也必須要用某種過去時(shí)態(tài)，以保持時(shí)態(tài)的前后呼應(yīng)。特別要注意的是當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是客觀真理、科學(xué)原理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時(shí)，則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制。試比較：Hesays

thathewantstoseehimassoonaspossible.He

saidthathewantedtoseehimassoonaspossible.Tomsays

thatheismendinghiscar.Tomsaidthathewasmendinghiscar.Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.四、賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)11賓語從句中考題練兵：

一、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Idon’tthinkhewillcomehereontime,

?(重慶)A.won’theB.willheC.doesheD.ishe()2.Willyoupleasetellme

?(上海)A.wherePudongAirportisB.howfarPudongAirportwasC.howcanwegettoPudongAirportD.whenwasPudongAirportbuilt()3.It’snotpolitetoaskpeople

inEngland.(常州)A.howmuchmoneyyouhavegotB.whattheweatherislikeC.whatyourcitylookslikeD.howoldareyou()4.Iwonderifhe

tonight.Ifhe

,I’llletyouknow.(揚(yáng)州)A.willcome;willcomeB.comes;comesC.willcome;comesD.comes;willcomeBAAC賓語從句中考題練兵：一、單項(xiàng)選擇BAAC12()5.Ican’tsay

Iwanttoseehimagain.Wehaven’tseeneachotherfornearlythreeyears.(鎮(zhèn)江)A.howlongB.howsoonC.howoftenD.howmuch()6.Mr.Greentoldmethathe

onatripnextSunday.(通化)A.aregoingB.wasgoingC.willgoD.wouldgoing()7.OurgeographyteachertoldusthatJapan

theeastofChina.(河北)A.isinB.wasinC.istoD.wasto()8.Nobodyknows

he’llcomeornot.(遼寧)A.thatB.ifC./D.whether

DBCD()5.Ican’tsayI13二、按要求改寫句子

1.“Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew?”Tom’smotheraskedhim.(改為復(fù)合句,句意不變)(濟(jì)南)Tom’smotheraskedhim

totrysomethingnew.

2.Couldyoutellmethewaytothestation?(改寫句子,句意不變)(青島)Couldyoutellme

tothestation?

3.“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”Johntoldme.(改為復(fù)合句,句意不變)(天津)Johntoldmethat

homework.

4.Idon’thowIcanreachthezoo.(改為簡單句)(宿遷)Idon’tknow

thezoo.if/whetherhewantedhowIcangethehadfinishedhishowtogetto二、按要求改寫句子if/whetherhewanted14三、根據(jù)漢語提示,完成句子.1.我還沒有決定是否去參加邁克的生日聚會(huì)。(黑龍江)Ihaven’tdecided

IwillgotoMike’sbirthdayparty

.2.據(jù)說在南京長江上又建了一座橋。（南京）It’ssaidthat

bridge_____________________

overtheChangjiangRiverinNanjing.3.請(qǐng)你告訴我這把鎖是用什么制成的好嗎？(無錫)Wouldyoupleasetellmeme

?4.你能告訴我他從美國回來多久了？Canyoutellme

?whetherornotanotherisbeingbuiltwhatthislockismadeofhowlonghehasbeenbackfromtheUSA三、根據(jù)漢語提示,完成句子.whetherornotan15Ⅱ.TheAdverbialClause(狀語從句)狀語從句是副詞性從句，其句法功能是修飾謂語或整個(gè)句子等，在句中作狀語，通常由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)。Ⅱ.TheAdverbialClause(狀語從句)16A)TheAdverbialClauseofTime(時(shí)間狀語從句)Introducedbywhen(表示主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或先后發(fā)生，意為“當(dāng)…時(shí)”。)e.g.Whenyougetoffthebus,youmustn’tpushothers.2)Introducedbybefore(表示主句發(fā)生的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前，意為“在……之前”。)e.g.Theyhadalreadyhadbreakfastbeforetheywenttoschool.A)TheAdverbialClauseofTim17

3)Introducedbyafter

(表示主句發(fā)生的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后，意為“在……之后”。)e.g.Theytalkedabouttheparty

afterthepeopleleft.

4)Introducedbyuntil

(表示主句發(fā)生的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前，意為“直到……為止”。主句用肯定式，謂語是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，表示動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到until所表示的時(shí)間為止)e.g.Iwillwaituntilhecomes.3)Introducedbyafter4)18

Note:(until用于否定句時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之前，并且謂語動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示某一動(dòng)作到until所表示的時(shí)間才發(fā)生。not…until意為“直到……才……”。）

e.g.Shewon’tgotobeduntilshefinishesherhomework.Note:(until用于否定句時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生19

5)Introducedbyassoonas

(表示主句發(fā)生的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后，意為“一……就”。)e.g.MybrotherwentoutassoonasIgothome.5)Introducedbyassoonas20

Note:在時(shí)間狀語從句中，主句和從句之間的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)按下列規(guī)律確定。1)主句一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：e.g.Theboywillbeawriterwhenhegrowsup.2)主句含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：e.g.Whenthelightsarered,thetrafficmuststop.3)主句為祈使句時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：e.g.Pleasedon’tgotobedbeforeyoufinishyourhomework.4)主句為一般過去時(shí)，從句也用過去時(shí)態(tài)：e.g.IlikedreadingwhenIwasyoung.Note:在時(shí)間狀語從句中，主句和從句之間的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)按下列21

B)TheAdverbialClauseofPlace(地點(diǎn)狀語從句)

1)Introducedbywheree.g.Putthemedicinewhereyoucaneasilygetit.2)Introducedbywherevere.g.I’llgo

whereveryougo.B)TheAdverbialClauseofPl22C)TheAdverbialClauseofManner(方式狀語從句)1)Introducedbyase.g.I’lldoallthethingsasyoutoldme.2)Introducedbyasif/though(可用陳述語氣表示符合事實(shí)的情況，也可用虛擬語氣表示與事實(shí)相反的情況)e.g.Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.Helooksasifhewereyoung.3)Introducedbythewaye.g.Idon’tlikethewayhetalks.C)TheAdverbialClauseofMan23D)TheAdverbialClauseofReason(原因狀語從句)

1)Introducedbybecausebecause語氣最強(qiáng)，它著重說明原因。用why提問的問句必須用because回答，不能用as,since；e.g.--Whydidn’thecome?--Because

hewasill.

2)Introducedbysincesince語氣比較弱，表示關(guān)系上的自然結(jié)果，尤其用于對(duì)已經(jīng)清楚了的因素，常譯成“既然”，“鑒于”，通常從句放在主句前；e.g.Since

alotofpeoplemakemistakesinlife,MrSmithwantedtogiveJohnachance.D)TheAdverbialClauseofRea24

3)Introducedbyas

as語氣最弱，只表示一般的因果關(guān)系，從句放在主句前或后均可；e.g.As

hedidn’tknowthemeaningoftheword,helookeditupinhisdictionary.

Note:for是并列連詞，引導(dǎo)的句子不置于句首，是一種非直接的、隨便附加說明的理由或推斷。e.g.Theoilmustbeout,for

thelightwentout.

3)IntroducedbyasNote:25E)TheAdverbialClauseofCondition(條件狀語從句)1)條件狀語從句通常由if或unless(=ifnot)引導(dǎo)，從句中常用一般時(shí)代替將來時(shí)，即if或unless后的句子謂語用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)。但是，主句則通常用將來時(shí)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或祈使句。e.g.Ifhedoesn’tcomeontime,wewon’tknow

whattoknow.Hemustcomeifheistold.

Pleaseletmeknowifhecomesback.

I’llgothereunlessitrains.E)TheAdverbialClauseofCon26

2)If條件句的替代形式：

（1）祈使句+and/or+陳述句（謂語動(dòng)詞通常用將來時(shí)態(tài)）。其中，and表示句意順承；or表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“否則”。e.g.Ifyouworkhard,you’llpasstheexameasily.=Workhard,andyou’llpasstheexameasily.Ifyoudon’tworkhard,you’llfallbehindothers.=Workhard,oryou’llfallbehindothers.

（2）用介詞with,without的替代形式：e.g.Ifthereisnowater,thefishmaydie.=Fishmaydiewithoutwater.Ifyouhelpme,I’llfinishmytaskontime.=Withyourhelp,I’llfinishmytaskontime.2)If條件句的替代形式：27F)TheAdverbialClauseofConcession(讓步狀語從句)

1)Introducedbythough/althoughe.g.Thoughhetriedmanytimes,hefailedtoworkitout.2)Introducedbywh-evere.g.Whateverhesays(=Nomatterwhathesays),don’tbelievehim.

3)Introducedbyevenif/eventhoughe.g.Evenifheispoor,shelovesherhusband.(Hemaybepoor,yetsheloveshim.)即使他窮了，她也仍然愛他。Eventhoughheispoor,shestilllovesherhusband.(Heispoor,yetsheloveshim.)盡管他窮，但她仍然愛他。F)TheAdverbialClauseofCon28G)TheAdverbialClauseofResult(結(jié)果狀語從句)

1)Introducedbysothate.g.Therearebigtreesaroundthehousesothatitcanhardlybeseenbypassers-by.2)Introducedbyso…that/such…thate.g.HewalkedsofastthatIcouldn’tkeepupwithhim.Hemadesuch

agoodreportthateverybodywaspleased.G)TheAdverbialClauseofRes29H)TheAdverbialClauseofPurpose(目的狀語從句)

1)Introducedbysothat

e.g.Hegotupmuchearlierthanusualsothathecouldcatchthefirstbus.2)Introducedbyso…thate.g.Heexplaineditsoclearlythat

hewantedeveryoneofustounderstandhimbetter.H)TheAdverbialClauseofPur30I)TheAdverbialClauseofComparison(比較狀語從句)

1)Introducedbyas…as/notso…as;than…

e.g.ThisquestionisnotsodifficultasIthought.Thefilmismuchbetterthanweexpected.2)IntroducedbyThemore…,themoree.g.Themoreheheardthesong,thelesshelikedit.I)TheAdverbialClauseofCom31狀語從句中考題練兵：一、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Somebodyrangmeupjustnow,buthehungup

Icouldanswerthephone.(無錫)A.whenB.untilC.beforeD.since()2.MrSmithusuallyreadsanewspaper

he’swaitingforthebus.(徐州)A.ifB.theC.becauseD.while()3.Youmustleaveherenow

yourmothercangetsomemorerest.(常州)A.becauseB.thoughC.sothatD.so()4.Themeetingis

importantthatyoumustn’tmissit.(鹽城)A.veryB.suchC.soD.too

CDC

C狀語從句中考題練兵：一、單項(xiàng)選擇CDCC32()5.–I’mgoingtothesupermarket.--

youarethere,wouldyoupleasebuymesomevegetables?(鎮(zhèn)江)A.IfB.BecauseC.WhileD.After()6.–Doyouknowwhathedidallday?(鎮(zhèn)江)--Hespentasmuchtimeplayingashe

.A.studyingB.wasstudyingC.studiedD.didstudying()7.IfMg

inO2,we

MgO,andit

combinationreaction(化學(xué)變化).(泰州)A.willburn,get,callsB.burns,willget,calledC.willburn,canget,iscallingD.burns,willget,iscalled()8.

hetalkedwithherforalongtime,hefailedtoconvince(說服)her.(黃岡)A.ThoughB.ButC.SinceD.AsCDDA()5.–I’mgoingtothesu33二、同義句改寫1.

Whereverheis,hecanmakehimselfathome.(廣州)

heis,hecanmakehimselfathome.2.

MissSmithlefthereaftertherainstopped.(淮安)MissSmith

leavehere

therainstopped.3.

Ifyouworkhard,youwillpasstheexam.(鹽城)

,andyouwillpasstheexam.4.

Tomwastoohappytogettosleep.(大連)Tomwas

happy

hecouldn’t

.5.

Getoffthebuswhenthedrivertellsyou.（寧夏）Don’tgetoffthebus

you___________________.

Nomatterwheredidn’tuntilWorkhardsothatfallasleepuntilaretoldto二、同義句改寫Nomatterwhered34三、根據(jù)漢語提示,完成句子.1.你看的歷史書籍越多，你了解的知識(shí)就越多。

（無錫）

,themoreknowledgeyou’llget.2.他是一個(gè)好人，與每個(gè)人都相處的很好。（常州）Heissuchakindman

.3.山姆一拿到新書就迫不及待地看了起來。（連云港）Samcouldn’twaittoreadthenewbook

.4.盡管學(xué)電腦花費(fèi)許多時(shí)間，但我認(rèn)為學(xué)好它還是有用的。（南京）

,Ithinkitusefultolearncomputerwell.5.

看起來要下雨了。（甘肅）Itlooks

.

Themorehistorybooksyoureadthathegetsonwellwitheveryone

assoonashegotitThoughittakesmuchtimeasifit’sgoingtorain三、根據(jù)漢語提示,完成句子.Themorehisto35Ⅲ.TheAttributiveClause(定語從句)在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。定語從句必須放在先行詞之后，對(duì)其先行詞起限定作用。ThisisTom.Tomgaveusatalkyesterday.----ThisisTom

who(that)gaveusatalkyesterday.先行詞

定語從句

引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有：who,whom,whose,that,which

引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有：where,when,whyⅢ.TheAttributiveClause(定語從36

一

、who,whom,whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句

1.who在從句中作主語，不可省略，它所引導(dǎo)的定語從句所修飾的先行詞必須是人。e.g.Thisisthedoctorwho

cameheryesterday.2.whom在從句中作賓語，它所引導(dǎo)的定語從句所修飾的先行詞必須是人，可以省略。e.g.Theman(whom)

yousawlastweekhasleftthetown.一、who,whom,whose引導(dǎo)的定語從37注意：在從句中作介詞賓語時(shí)，介詞一般可放在whom之前，也可放在原來的位置上。在含有介詞的固定動(dòng)詞詞組中介詞只能放在原來的位置上。e.g.a)

ThemanfromwhomIborrowedthebookisLiLei.=Themanwhom

IborrowedthebookfromisLiLei.(前句中的whom不可省略，后句中的whom可省略)b)

Thegirlwhomheistakingcareofisill.(takecareof是固定詞組)注意：在從句中作介詞賓語時(shí)，介詞一般可放在whom之前，也可38

3.whose在從句中作定語，表示所屬關(guān)系，其所修飾的先行詞既可是人也可是物。e.g.Iknowthewomanwhose

husbandisadoctor.Helivesinthehousewhosewindowfacessouth.3.whose在從句中作定語，表示所屬關(guān)系，其所修飾39二、that,which引導(dǎo)的定語從句這兩個(gè)代詞均指物，它們所引導(dǎo)的定語從句所修飾的先行詞是物,通常情況下，它們可以互換。1.that,which在從句中作主語，不可省略。e.g.Heroisthefilmthat/whichwasdirectedbyZhangYimou.2.that,which在從句中作賓語，可以省略。e.g.Isthisthefilm(that/which)

youtalkedaboutlastweek?注意：關(guān)系代詞在作介詞賓語時(shí)，只能用which且不能省略。e.g.Thehouseinwhichheoncelivedisameeting-room.=Thehouse(which)

heoncelivedinisameeting-room.二、that,which引導(dǎo)的定語從句這兩個(gè)代詞40知識(shí)拓展：引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞that和which，在一般情況下，盡管可以互換使用，但在下列情況下，只能用that，而不用which：

1.先行詞是復(fù)合不定代詞everything,anything,nothing等時(shí)。e.g.Shedidn’tforgetanything(that)

hermotherhadtoldhertobuy.2.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或thelast修飾時(shí)。e.g.Thisisthefirsttextbook(that)

Istudiedintheprimaryschool.Heisinthelastrowthat

isnexttothewindow.3.先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。e.g.Thatisthehighestbuilding(that)

Ihaveeverseen.知識(shí)拓展：引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞that和which，在一般414.先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame等修飾時(shí)。e.g.Thisistheverynovel(that)

youwanttoborrow.

5.先行詞是或被all,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時(shí)，e.g.I’vewrittendownall(that)theteacherdoesn’tallowustodo.Theyhaven’tgotanydictionaries(that)weneed.6.先行詞既包含人又包含物時(shí)。e.g.Hetoldusmanyinterestingthingsandpersons(that)

wehadneverheard.4.先行詞被theonly,thevery,the427.主句是以who,which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時(shí)。e.g.Whoistheman(that)

youspoketojustnow?Whichisthebook

that

wasstolenbyhim?

8.先行詞是主句的表語或關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語時(shí)。e.g.Chinaisnolongerthecountry(that)itusedtobe.7.主句是以who,which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時(shí)。8.43三、關(guān)系副詞where,when,why引導(dǎo)的定語從句（在從句中作狀語）1.where表示地點(diǎn)，它引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表地點(diǎn)的先行詞。e.g.Thisisthevillagewherehewasborn.c.f.Thisisthevillage(that/which)

hevisitedlastyear.2.when表示時(shí)間，它引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表時(shí)間的先行詞。e.g.I’llneverforgettheday

whenIjoinedtheLeague.c.f.I’llneverforgettheday(that/which)

wespenttogether.3.why表示原因，它引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表原因的先行詞。e.g.Thereasonwhy

hedidn’tcomeyesterdayisquiteclear.三、關(guān)系副詞where,when,why引導(dǎo)的定語從句144定語從句專練：()1.Thenumberofpeople

losthomesreachedasmanyas250,000.A.whichB.whoC.whomD./()2.Thisisthemostbeautifulpart

Ihave

visited.A.which;everB.that;neverC.which;yetD.that;ever()3.Mynecklaceisnottheonlything

ismissing.A.thatB.whichC.whatD./()4.We’retalkingaboutTonny,

youmetyesterday.A.withwhoB.whomC.whichD.that()5.Isthistheverymuseum

someJapanesevisitorsvisitedlastWednesday?A.oneB.whereC.thatD.whichBDABC定語從句專練：()1.Thenumberof45

()6.Thebook

coverisredisTom’s.A.whichB.thatC./D.whose()7.Theplace

Igrewupisabeautifultown.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.fromwhich()8.Idon’tthinkthenumberofpeople

thishappensisverylarge.A.whoB.towhichC.thatD.towhom()9.Doyoustillrememberoneeveningaweekago

Icametoyourroomandborrowedadictionary?A.beforeB.whichC.whenD.as()10.Isthatthenovelabout

theytalkedinclassyesterday?A.whichB.thatC.whoD./DCDCA()6.Thebookcove46MainlyRevisionofJuniorEnglishGoforit!ComplexSentencesMainlyRevisionofJuniorEngl47

TheComplexSentencesinJuniorEnglish:

初中英語教材中涉及到的復(fù)合句主要有：TheObjectClause

(賓語從句)、TheAdverbialClause

(狀語從句)和

TheAttributiveClause

(定語從句)。其它諸如主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句等形式的復(fù)合句盡管在教材中也有出現(xiàn)，但在中考中沒有被列為重點(diǎn)考查范圍。TheComplexSentencesinJun48Ⅰ.TheObjectClause(賓語從句)

賓語從句是英語中用來充當(dāng)賓語的句子。帶有賓語從句的那個(gè)句子叫主句。賓語從句一般由“引導(dǎo)詞+主語+謂語+其它”構(gòu)成，其語序是陳述句語序。Ⅰ.TheObjectClause(賓語從句)49

A)Introducedbythat主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是say,think,tell,know,hear,see,feel,mean,hope,wish,remember,forget等時(shí)，或主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是由形容詞afraid,glad,sure,sorry等作表語的系表結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，后面常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。e.g.Hesaysthathewantstospeaktotheheadmaster.I’msorry(that)heisn’thererightnow.A)Introducedbythat50Note:1.that的省略：that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句用來陳述事實(shí)，that本身無詞義，在從句中不作任何成分，在口語中或非正式文體中常?？杀皇÷?。e.g.Iguess(that)somebodyelsehasborrowedit.I’mafraid(that)you’llhavetowait.2.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移：主句是I/Wethink/suppose/guess/believe等時(shí)，從句中的否定習(xí)慣上要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。如：我認(rèn)為雞不會(huì)游泳。誤：Ithinkchickenscannotswim.正：Idon’tthinkchickenscanswim.此外，上述情況在變成反意疑問句時(shí)，附加疑問句要看從句，如果主句的主語不是第一人稱，則附加疑問句要看主句。試比較：Ithinkheiswrong,isn’the?Hethinksheisright,doesn’the?Note:51BackB)Introducedbyif/whetherif/whether都可作賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，意為“是否”，在一般情況下可以互換。if多用于口語和非正式文體中，whether則多用于比較正式的文體中。如：e.g.Sheaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelpherwithherEnglish.Idon’tknowif/whetheritisgoingtorain.BackB)Introducedbyif/whethe52BackNote:只用whether的四種情況：1.在介詞后I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.2.直接與ornot連用時(shí)Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcometohelpus.3.在動(dòng)詞discuss后面的賓語從句中Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.4.賓語從句提前時(shí)只能用whetherWhetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.BackNote:只用whether的四種情況：53BackC)Introducedbyrelativepronounsandadverbs（連接代詞和連接副詞）一、構(gòu)成：1.1.賓語從句可由連接代詞what,who,whom,which等引導(dǎo)，它們在賓語從句中可作主語、賓語、表語和定語等，因此不能省略。Doyouknowwhowillcomethisafternoon?(作主語)Didyouhearwhathesaid?（作賓語）Idon’tknowwhosethatis.（作表語）Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?（作gate的定語）2.賓語從句可由連接副詞when,where,how,why等引導(dǎo)，它們在賓語從句中作狀語，不可省略。Wedidn’tknowwhenshewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?Nooneknowswhysheislateagain.BackC)Introducedbyrelative54二、難點(diǎn)：1.避免重復(fù)出現(xiàn)連接代詞或連接副詞；e.g.*Ican’tseethatwhatisoverthere.

（應(yīng)去掉that）2.從句中的語序?yàn)殛愂稣Z序；e.g.*Doyouknowhowoldisshe?(應(yīng)改為：…h(huán)owoldsheis)3.從句中的時(shí)態(tài)與主句時(shí)態(tài)前后呼應(yīng)。e.g.*Shedidn’ttellmewhenshewillcome.(應(yīng)改為：…whenshewouldcome)

二、難點(diǎn)：55三、轉(zhuǎn)換：

由連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可用疑問代詞和疑問副詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式替代，進(jìn)行句型上的轉(zhuǎn)換。e.g.I’venoideawhatwe’regoingtodonext.=I’venoideawhattodonext.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?=Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?三、轉(zhuǎn)換：56四、賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)主句中謂語動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)不受限制，可根據(jù)具體情況選用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)；主句謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)，從句中也必須要用某種過去時(shí)態(tài)，以保持時(shí)態(tài)的前后呼應(yīng)。特別要注意的是當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是客觀真理、科學(xué)原理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時(shí)，則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制。試比較：Hesays

thathewantstoseehimassoonaspossible.He

saidthathewantedtoseehimassoonaspossible.Tomsays

thatheismendinghiscar.Tomsaidthathewasmendinghiscar.Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.四、賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)57賓語從句中考題練兵：

一、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Idon’tthinkhewillcomehereontime,

?(重慶)A.won’theB.willheC.doesheD.ishe()2.Willyoupleasetellme

?(上海)A.wherePudongAirportisB.howfarPudongAirportwasC.howcanwegettoPudongAirportD.whenwasPudongAirportbuilt()3.It’snotpolitetoaskpeople

inEngland.(常州)A.howmuchmoneyyouhavegotB.whattheweatherislikeC.whatyourcitylookslikeD.howoldareyou()4.Iwonderifhe

tonight.Ifhe

,I’llletyouknow.(揚(yáng)州)A.willcome;willcomeB.comes;comesC.willcome;comesD.comes;willcomeBAAC賓語從句中考題練兵：一、單項(xiàng)選擇BAAC58()5.Ican’tsay

Iwanttoseehimagain.Wehaven’tseeneachotherfornearlythreeyears.(鎮(zhèn)江)A.howlongB.howsoonC.howoftenD.howmuch()6.Mr.Greentoldmethathe

onatripnextSunday.(通化)A.aregoingB.wasgoingC.willgoD.wouldgoing()7.OurgeographyteachertoldusthatJapan

theeastofChina.(河北)A.isinB.wasinC.istoD.wasto()8.Nobodyknows

he’llcomeornot.(遼寧)A.thatB.ifC./D.whether

DBCD()5.Ican’tsayI59二、按要求改寫句子

1.“Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew?”Tom’smotheraskedhim.(改為復(fù)合句,句意不變)(濟(jì)南)Tom’smotheraskedhim

totrysomethingnew.

2.Couldyoutellmethewaytothestation?(改寫句子,句意不變)(青島)Couldyoutellme

tothestation?

3.“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”Johntoldme.(改為復(fù)合句,句意不變)(天津)Johntoldmethat

homework.

4.Idon’thowIcanreachthezoo.(改為簡單句)(宿遷)Idon’tknow

thezoo.if/whetherhewantedhowIcangethehadfinishedhishowtogetto二、按要求改寫句子if/whetherhewanted60三、