【2022】人教版初一英語下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

--PAGE15-【知識(shí)梳理】重點(diǎn)短語abottleofalittlealot(of)alldaybefrombeovercomebackcomefromdoone’shomeworkdotheshoppinggetdowngethomegettogetupgoshoppinghaveadrinkofhavealookhavebreakfasthavelunchhavesupperlistentonot…atallput…awaytakeoffthrowitlikethatwouldlikeinthemiddleofthedayinthemorning/afternoon/eveningonafarminafactory重要句型Letsb.dosth.Couldsb.dosth.?wouldlikesth.wouldliketodosth.Whataboutsomethingtoeat?Howdoyouspell…?MayIborrow…?交際用語—Thanksverymuch!—You'rewelcome.Putit/themaway.What'swrong?Ithinkso. Idon'tthinkso.Iwanttotakesomebookstotheclassroom.Givemeabottleoforangejuice,please.Pleasegiveit/thembacktomorrow.OK.What'syourfavouritesport?Don'tworry.I’m(not)goodatbasketball.Doyouwantago?That'sright./That‘sallright./Allright.Doyouhaveadictionary/anydictionaries?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.We/TheyhavesomeCDs.We/Theydon’thaveanyCDs.Whatdayisittoday/tomorrow?It’sMonday.MayIborrowyourcolourpens,please?Certainly.Hereyouare.Whereareyoufrom?FromBeijing.What'syourtelephonenumberinNewYork?Doyoulikehotdogs?Yes,Ido.(Alittle./Alot./Verymuch.)No,Idon't.(Idon'tlikethematall.)Whatdoesyourmotherlike?Shelikesdumplingsandvegetablesverymuch.Whendoyougotoschooleveryday?Igotoschoolat7:00everyday.Whattimedoeshegotobedintheevening?Hegoestobedat10:00.重要語法人稱代詞的用法；祈使句；4．動(dòng)詞have的用法；5．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成和用法；6．可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法【名師講解】That'sright./That‘sallright./Allright.That’sright肯定對(duì)方的答案或判斷。例如："Ithinkwemusthelptheoldman.""That'sright."或"You'reright.""說得對(duì)"。That’sall謝或道歉。例如："Manythanks.""That'sallright." "Sorry.It'sbroken.""That'sallright."Allright.意為“行了”、“可以”，表示同意對(duì)方的建議或要求。有時(shí)還可以表示“身體很好”"Pleasetellmeaboutit."請(qǐng)把此事告訴我" "Allright.""好吧"Isyourmotherallright?你媽身體好嗎make/domakeCanyoumakeapaperboatforme?你能為我做個(gè)紙船嗎？He’sdoinghishomeworknow.他正在做他的作業(yè)。say/speak/talk/tellsay重所說的話。如：“Iwanttogotherebybus”,hesaid.他說，“我要坐汽車到那里去。”PleasesayitinEnglish.請(qǐng)用英語說。speak及物動(dòng)詞(即后面不能直接接賓語)。如：Canyouspeakabouthim?你能不能說說他的情況？don’tliketospeaklikethis.我不喜歡這樣說話。speak作及物動(dòng)詞解時(shí)，只能和某種語言等連用，表達(dá)在對(duì)話中恰當(dāng)使用詞匯的能力。如：ShespeaksEnglishwell.她英語說得好。talk:與speakwouldliketotalktohimaboutitOldwomenliketotalkwithchildren.老年婦女喜歡和孩子們交談。telltellingmeastory.他在給我講故事。tellalie撒謊tellsb.todosth./tellsb.nottodosth如：.MissZhaooftentellsustostudyhard.docooking/dothecookingdocooking作“做飯”解，屬泛指。dothecooking特指某一頓飯或某一家人的飯。cookingsome,much修飾。從dosomecooking可引出許多類似的短語：dosomewashing洗些衣服dosomeshopping買些東西dosomereading讀書dosomewriting寫些東西dosomefishing釣魚從以上短語可引申出另一類短語，不能用some,much或定冠詞。goshopping去買東西gofishing去釣魚goboating去劃船goswimming去游泳likedoingsth./liketodosth.likedoingsth.與liketodosth.意思相同，但用法有區(qū)別。前者Helikesplayingfootball,buthedoesn‘tliketoplayfootballwithLiMing.他喜歡踢足球，但是他不喜歡和李明踢。other/others/theother/anotherother表其余的，別的，如：Haveyouanyotherquestions?你還有其他問題嗎?others別的人，別的東西.如：IntheroomsomepeopleareAmerican,theothersaretheother（二者之中ofmytwobrothersstudiesEnglishtheotherstudiesChineseanother表三者以上的另一個(gè)，另一些如： Thereisroomforanotherfewbooksontheshelf.書架上還可以放點(diǎn)書。inthetree/onthetreeinthetree與onthethetree表示某人、某事（不屬于樹本身生長出的別的東西）落onthetree.eeesne.isabirdinthetree.那棵樹上有只鳥。some/anysome和any兩點(diǎn)需要注意。someglass.在說話者希望得到肯定答復(fù)的一般疑問句中，或在表示請(qǐng)求，邀請(qǐng)的疑問句中，我們依然用someyoulikesometea?tall/high說人，動(dòng)物，樹木等有生命的東西，主要用tall，不用high，例如atallwoman一個(gè)高個(gè)子?jì)D女a(chǎn)tallhorse一個(gè)高大的馬說一個(gè)不與地面接觸的人和物的高時(shí)，要用high，而不用tall，比如人站在桌子上時(shí)，飛機(jī)飛上天時(shí)，例如：Heishighupinthetree.他高高地爬在樹上。Theplaneissohighinthesky.飛機(jī)在空中這么高。指建筑物、山時(shí)要tall或high都可以，不過high的程度比tall高。hightallshorthighlow.can/couldcanCanyourideabike?你會(huì)騎自行車嗎?WhatcanIdoforyou？要幫忙嗎？Canyoumakeacake？你會(huì)做蛋糕嗎？can不肯定。例如：Wherecanhebe？他會(huì)在什么地方呢？Canthenewsbetrue？這個(gè)消息會(huì)是真的嗎？Itsurelycan'tbesixo'clockalready？不可能已經(jīng)六點(diǎn)鐘了吧？Youcan'tbehungrysosoon，Tom，you'vejusthadlunch.湯姆，你不可能餓得這么快，你剛吃過午飯。Whatcanhemean？他會(huì)是什么意思？mayYoucancomeinanytime.你隨時(shí)都可以來。CanIuseyourpen？我能用你的鋼筆嗎？Ofcourse，youcan.當(dāng)然可以。Youcanhavemyseat，I'mgoingnow.我要走了，你坐我的座位吧。couldcould是can的過去式，表示過去有過的能力和可能性（疑問句中）。例如例如：Thedoctorsaidhecouldhelphim.（能力）醫(yī)生說他能幫助他。Lilycouldswimwhenshewasfouryearsold.（能力）當(dāng)麗麗四歲的時(shí)候她就會(huì)游泳。tteeteyde.我們以為所說的可能是真的。

可能性）那時(shí)couldcanCouldIspeaktoJohn，please？我能和約翰說話嗎？Couldyouyouwaithalfanhour？請(qǐng)你等半個(gè)小時(shí)好嗎？Couldyoupleaseringagainatsix？六點(diǎn)鐘請(qǐng)你再打電話好嗎？can只有現(xiàn)在式can和過去式could兩種形式。能表示一般現(xiàn)在和一般過去兩種時(shí)態(tài)，有時(shí)也能表示將來。所有其他時(shí)態(tài)（包括將來時(shí)）須用beableto加動(dòng)詞不定式來表示。havenotbeenabletocometo

們沒有能到lookfor/findlookforfindcan’tfindherruler.她找不到她的尺子啦。Tomislookingforhiswatch，buthecan’tfindit.湯姆正在尋找他的手表，但沒能找到。besleeping/beasleepbesleepingasleep表示狀態(tài)，意思是“睡著了”。如：Whatarethechildrendoingintheroom?孩子們?cè)诜块g里做什么？Theyaresleeping.他們正在睡覺。Thechildrenareasleepnow.現(xiàn)在孩子們睡著了。often/usually/sometimesoften表示"經(jīng)常"，sometimes表示"有時(shí)候"，在表示發(fā)生頻率上often要高于usually，usually要高于sometimes。這三個(gè)詞表示的是經(jīng)常性，一般性的動(dòng)作或情況，常與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用，常位于主要謂語動(dòng)詞的前面，其他謂語動(dòng)詞（be動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞）的后面，有時(shí)也可位于句尾。如果要加強(qiáng)語氣，則放在句首。Weusuallyplaybasketballafterschool.我們通常放學(xué)后打籃球。SometimesIgotobedearly.有時(shí)，我睡覺很早。HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.他經(jīng)常在早晨讀英語。Howmuch/Howmanyhowmuch常用來詢問某一商品的價(jià)格，常見句式是Howmuchis/are…?Howmuchistheskirt? 這條裙子多少錢mucharebananas? 這些香蕉多少錢？wmuch后加不可數(shù)名詞，表示數(shù)量，意為“多少“w后加可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。Howmuchmeatdoyouwant? 你要多少肉呀？Howstudentsarethereinyourclass? 你們班有多少人？begoodfor/begoodto/begoodatbegoodforbebadforgoodtobebadtogoodatbebadateyeexercisesisgoodforyour

眼保健操對(duì)你的Eatingtoomuchisbadforyouhealth.吃的太多對(duì)你的身體有害。MissLiisgoodtoallofus.李老師對(duì)我們所有的人都很友好。Thebossisbadtohisworkers.這個(gè)老板對(duì)他的工人不好。LiLeiisgoodatdrawing,butI'mbadatit.李雷擅長畫畫，但是我不擅長。each/everyeach和every都有"每一個(gè)"的意思，但含義和用法不相同。eachyh只用于三者或三者以上。如eachhaveanewbook. 們每人各有一本新書Therearetreesoneachsideofthestreet.街的兩旁有樹。Hegetsupearlyeverymorning.每天早晨他都起得早。each可以用作形容詞、副詞和代詞；只能用作形容詞。如：Eachofthemhashisownduty.他們各人有各人的義務(wù)。Theyeachwanttodosomething/現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（構(gòu)成方式為am/is/are/+doing）。Idomyhomeworkintheevening.我在晚上做作業(yè)。I'mdoingmyhomeworknow.我現(xiàn)在正在做作業(yè)?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常與now,thesedays,atthemoment或Look,listen等詞連用；而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常與often,always,sometimes,usually,everyday,inthemorning,onMondays等連用。Weoftencleantheclassroomafterschool.我們經(jīng)