高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解之推理判斷題課件

高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)攻略推理判斷題高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)攻略推理判斷題1考綱解讀推理判斷題通常要求考生不僅要理解原文的文字信息，而且還要進(jìn)行一定的判斷和推理，并以此推斷出文章的隱含意義。推理判斷題屬于主觀性很強(qiáng)的高層次閱讀理解題，做這類題目時(shí)，要嚴(yán)格依據(jù)作者所陳述的細(xì)節(jié)、事實(shí)以及作者的措辭、態(tài)度和語(yǔ)氣，找出能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞語(yǔ)，然后利用自己已獲得的相關(guān)知識(shí)進(jìn)行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結(jié)論。此時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意：當(dāng)問(wèn)及作者的看法、意圖與態(tài)度時(shí)，不要誤認(rèn)為是在問(wèn)“你”的想法?？季V解讀推理判斷題通常要求考生不僅要理解原文的文字信息，而且21.

推斷隱含意義

2.推斷作者觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度

3.推斷寫作目的

4.推斷文章出處

5.推斷上下文內(nèi)容

閱讀推理判斷題推理判斷題分類1.推斷隱含意義2.推斷作者觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度3.推斷寫作目的3一、考查隱含意義的推斷

隱含意義的推斷要求考生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，推斷具體的細(xì)節(jié)，如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物關(guān)系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根據(jù)短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常識(shí)進(jìn)行推理判斷。考生要把握文章的內(nèi)在關(guān)系，理解文章的真正含義，然后作出判斷。題干中常出現(xiàn)等詞。infer（推斷），indicate（象征，暗示），Imply(暗示)suggest（暗示）conclude(作出結(jié)論)assume（假定，設(shè)想）一、考查隱含意義的推斷隱含意義的推斷要求考生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)41.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.2.Theauthorstronglysuggeststhat________3.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.4.Thewriterimpliesbutnotdirectlystatesthat________5.Thewriter/authorindicates/implies/suggeststhat_____6.Thewritertalkedabout...becausehethought________主要設(shè)題方式有：1.Itcanbeinferredfromthe5【典型考例】(2018全國(guó)Ⅰ·B)...InSave

Money:Good

Food,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGood

Morning

Britainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11....HowdoesMattTebbutt

helpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.【典型考例】(2018全國(guó)Ⅰ·B)HowdoesMatt6（2016全國(guó)卷ⅢD）

“Theywantyoureyeballsanddon’tcarehowyou’refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon’twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.

”

推測(cè)隱含意義Whatcan

we

infer

about

peoplelikeDebbie

Downer?A.

They’re

socially

inactive．B.

They’re

good

at

telling

stories．C.

They’re

inconsiderate

of

others．D.

They’re

careful

with

their

words．（2016全國(guó)卷ⅢD）

“Theywantyour7二、考查推斷作者觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度：positive

negativeapproval/approving

disapproval/disapprovingobjectivesubjectiveoptimistic

pessimisticindifferentreservedneutral

unbiasedcritical

disgusted

doubtful=skeptical

sarcastic/ironichumorousfavourablesupportiveenthusiasticpleasantopposinguninterestednot-mentioned積極的，肯定的消極的，否定的贊成不贊成客觀的主觀的樂(lè)觀的悲觀的漠不關(guān)心的保留意見的中立的無(wú)偏見的，公平的批評(píng)的厭惡的懷疑的懷疑的幽默的諷刺的贊同的支持的熱情的愉快的未提及的不感興趣的反對(duì)的二、考查推斷作者觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度：positive8觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度推斷題考查考生是否了解文章作者或者文中人物對(duì)某事物所持的觀點(diǎn)或者態(tài)度。這就要求考生在正確理解文章大意的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)觀點(diǎn)或者態(tài)度傾向進(jìn)行分析、識(shí)別，關(guān)注作者對(duì)人物心理或者細(xì)節(jié)的描寫，對(duì)文章所交代的人或者事情進(jìn)行評(píng)判。1.Theattitudeoftheauthortowardssomethingis_______2.Thewriterofthepassageseemstothinkthat__________3.What'stheauthor'sopinionon...?4.Whepassage?5.Somebodycanbesaid___________.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkabout...?主要設(shè)題方式有:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度推斷題考查考生是否了解文章作者或者文中人物對(duì)某事物所9【典型考例】(2017全國(guó)Ⅱ)...Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.Whatisthegovernment’s

attitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?A.Cautious

B.Favorable.C.Ambiguous. Disapproving.【典型考例】(2017全國(guó)Ⅱ)Whatisthegov10What

did

the

author

think

of

her

winter

life

in

New

York?A.Exciting

B.BoringC.Relaxing

D.Annoying(2015全國(guó)卷ⅠB)The

freezing

Northeast

hasn’t

been

a

terribly

fun

place

to

spend

time

this

winter,

so

when

thechance

came

for

a

weekend

to

Sarasota,

Florida,

my

bags

were

packed

before

you

could

say

“sunshine”.

I

left

for

the

land

of

warmth

and

vitamin

C,

thinking

of

beaches

and

orange

trees.

When

we

touched

down

to

blue

skies

and

warm

air,

I

sent

up

a

small

prayer

of

gratefulness.推測(cè)觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度What

did

the

author

think

of

h11三、

考查寫作意圖推斷

寫作意圖推斷要求考生根據(jù)文章的論述，揣測(cè)作者的寫作意圖和寫作手法。作者一般不直接陳述自己的意圖，而是通過(guò)文章所提供的事實(shí)，客觀地使讀者信服某種想法或觀點(diǎn)。這就要求考生不但要理解文章的主旨大意，而且要具備對(duì)作者闡述問(wèn)題的方法進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)和分析的能力。主要設(shè)題方式有：1.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorwritingthetext?2.Thepurposeofthetextistogetmorepeopleto_______3.Thewriterofthestorywantstotellusthat___________4.Thefact...ismentionedbytheauthortoshow________5.Theauthorwritesthelastparagraphinorderto_____三、考查寫作意圖推斷寫作意圖推斷要求考生根據(jù)文章的論述，12【典型考例】(2018全國(guó)Ⅰ·B)Good

Morning

Britain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSave

Money:Good

Food,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGood

Morning

Britainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.【典型考例】(2018全國(guó)Ⅰ·B)13“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,”sheexplains.“Ipay￡5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries(系列節(jié)目),Save

Money:Good

Food,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSave

Money:Good

Health,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket....“WeloveMexicanchurros,so14Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.【解題思路】推理判斷題。作者在第四段中提到“The

eight-part

series(系列節(jié)目),Save

Money:Good

Food,follows

in

the

footsteps

of

ITV’s

Save

Money:Good

Health...”,由此可知,作者寫這一段是為了提供一些有關(guān)節(jié)目的背景信息,所以與C項(xiàng)相符。故答案選C。Whatdoestheauthorintendto15

四、

考查文章來(lái)源和讀者對(duì)象推斷

推測(cè)文章的來(lái)源或者讀者對(duì)象要求讀者本身要具備一定的常識(shí)，這樣文章的內(nèi)容才能與讀者本身具備的常識(shí)結(jié)合起來(lái)。比如讀者本身要對(duì)報(bào)紙、雜志、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、科普、

小說(shuō)、廣告、說(shuō)明書、旅游指南等有基本的了解，這樣才能根據(jù)文章的特點(diǎn)對(duì)號(hào)人座，選出正確的答案。主要設(shè)題方式有：1.Thispassagewouldbemostlikelytobefoundin_____2.Thepassageisprobablytakenoutof__________3.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?4.Whichsectionofamagazineisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?5.Thetextisintendedfor(打算為誰(shuí)所用)__________.四、考查文章來(lái)源和讀者對(duì)象推斷推測(cè)文章的來(lái)源或者讀者16

（全國(guó)卷）Doyoualwaysunderstandthedirectionsonabottleofmedicine?Doyouknowwhatismeantby“Takeonlyasdirected?”Readthefollowingdirectionsandseeifyouunderstandthem.Toreducepain,taketwotablets(藥片)withwater,followedbyonetableteveryeighthours,asrequired.Fornight-timeandearlymorningrelief(緩解疼痛)taketwotabletsatbedtime.Donottakemorethansixtabletsintwenty-fourhours.Forchildrensixtotwelveyearsold,givehalftheamount.Forchildrenundersixyearsold,askyourdoctor’sadvice.Reducetheamountifyousufferfromrestlessnessorsleeplessnessaftertakingthemedicine.

Thistextismostprobablytakenfroma______.A.textbook

B.

newsreel(新聞短片)C.doctor’snotebook

D.bottleofmedicine

1714.

Morethan30,000driversandfrontseatpassengersarekilledorseriouslyinjured（受傷）eachyear.Ataspeedofonly30milesperhouritisthesameasfallingfromathirdfloorwindow.Wearingaseatbelt（安全帶）saveslives;itreducesyourchanceofdeathorseriousinjurybymorethanhalf.Thereforedriversorfrontseatpassengersover14inmostvehiclesmustwearaseatbelt.Ifyoudonot,youcouldbefinedupto$50.Itwillnotbeuptothedriverstomakesureyouwearyourbelt.Butitwillbethedriver'sresponsibility（責(zé)任）tomakesurethatchildrenunder14donotrideinthefrontunlesstheyarewearingseatbeltofsomekind.However,youdonothavetowearaseatbeltifyouarereversing（倒退）yourvehicleoryouaremakingalocaldelivery（發(fā)送）orcollectionusingaspecialvehicle;orifyouhaveavalidmedicalcertificatewhichexcusesyoufromwearingit.Makesurethesecircumstances（情形）applytoyoubeforeyoudecidenottowearyourseatbelt.Rememberyoumaybetakentocourtfornotdoingso,andyoumaybefinedifyoucannotprovetothecourtthatyouhavebeenexcusedfromwearingit.

Thistextistakenfrom_____.A.amedicalmagazine

B.atrafficpolicereportC.anadvertisement

D.agovernmentinformationbooklet

（小冊(cè)子）Morethan30,000…arekilledorseriouslyinjuredeachyear.youcouldbefinedupto$50Rememberyoumaybetakentocourt…youmaybefined…apolicereport14.Morethan3018WATCH

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here.推測(cè)文章出處Where

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you

be

most

likely

to

find

the

two

texts?A.

On

a

notice

board.

B.

In

a

company

brochure.C.

On

a

teenage

website.

D.

In

a

college

newspaper.WATCH

CONTROL推測(cè)文章出處Where

would19五．推斷上下文內(nèi)容

1．Whichofthefollowingmighthavehappenedafterwards?2．Theparagraph(followingthepassage)willmostprobablybe_________.3．Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat_________.4．Whichofthefollowingconclusionscanwedrawfromthepassage?主要設(shè)題方式有：五．推斷上下文內(nèi)容

1．Whichofthefollo20William,Shakespearesaid,“Thewebofourlifeisofamingledyarn(紗線),goodandilltogether.”Theabovebriefreviewoftheapplicationofonlyonepartofhumanactivities—scienceseemstoprovewhatShakespearesaid.Butdoesithavetobeso?Musttheillalwaysgotogetherwiththegood?Arewebiologicallyprogrammedforwar?Whatdoyouthinktheauthorismostlikelytosuggestifhecontinuestowrite?A.Furtherapplicationofsciencetowar.B.MorereadingofWilliamShakespear.C.Properuseofscienceinthenewcentury.D.Effectivewaystoseparatethegoodfromtheill.推斷上下文內(nèi)容William,Shakespearesaid,“Th21Summary:推理判斷題的五大技巧：1．抓特定信息，逆向或正向推理。抓住某一段話中的關(guān)鍵信息，如關(guān)鍵詞或短語(yǔ)去分析、推理、判斷，利用逆向思維或正面推理，從而推斷出這句話所隱含的深層含義。2．整合全文(段)信息進(jìn)行推斷。做推理題時(shí)，有時(shí)需要在弄懂全文的基礎(chǔ)上，整合與題目相關(guān)的信息，綜合推理判斷，確定最佳結(jié)論。3．利用語(yǔ)境的褒貶性進(jìn)行推斷。幾乎每篇文章的語(yǔ)境都有一定的褒貶性，它反映了主人公的特定心理和情緒狀態(tài)及作者的寫作意圖，因此利用好這一點(diǎn)，就能在把握主旨大意的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)文章進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的邏輯判斷。4．根據(jù)文章的結(jié)論推斷作者的態(tài)度。作者的思想傾向和感情色彩往往隱含在文章的字里行間，在推斷過(guò)程中，應(yīng)特別注意文中作者的措辭，尤其是表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞。5．根據(jù)上下文的邏輯得出結(jié)論。邏輯結(jié)論是指嚴(yán)格根據(jù)文章中所陳述的事實(shí)、論點(diǎn)、例證等一系列論據(jù)材料進(jìn)行推理，從而得出合乎邏輯的結(jié)論，而不是根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)或愛(ài)好去理解文章的內(nèi)涵。Summary:推理判斷題的五大技巧：1．抓特定信息，逆向或22高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)攻略推理判斷題高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)攻略推理判斷題23考綱解讀推理判斷題通常要求考生不僅要理解原文的文字信息，而且還要進(jìn)行一定的判斷和推理，并以此推斷出文章的隱含意義。推理判斷題屬于主觀性很強(qiáng)的高層次閱讀理解題，做這類題目時(shí)，要嚴(yán)格依據(jù)作者所陳述的細(xì)節(jié)、事實(shí)以及作者的措辭、態(tài)度和語(yǔ)氣，找出能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞語(yǔ)，然后利用自己已獲得的相關(guān)知識(shí)進(jìn)行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結(jié)論。此時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意：當(dāng)問(wèn)及作者的看法、意圖與態(tài)度時(shí)，不要誤認(rèn)為是在問(wèn)“你”的想法?？季V解讀推理判斷題通常要求考生不僅要理解原文的文字信息，而且241.

推斷隱含意義

2.推斷作者觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度

3.推斷寫作目的

4.推斷文章出處

5.推斷上下文內(nèi)容

閱讀推理判斷題推理判斷題分類1.推斷隱含意義2.推斷作者觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度3.推斷寫作目的25一、考查隱含意義的推斷

隱含意義的推斷要求考生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，推斷具體的細(xì)節(jié)，如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物關(guān)系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根據(jù)短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常識(shí)進(jìn)行推理判斷?？忌盐瘴恼碌膬?nèi)在關(guān)系，理解文章的真正含義，然后作出判斷。題干中常出現(xiàn)等詞。infer（推斷），indicate（象征，暗示），Imply(暗示)suggest（暗示）conclude(作出結(jié)論)assume（假定，設(shè)想）一、考查隱含意義的推斷隱含意義的推斷要求考生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)261.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.2.Theauthorstronglysuggeststhat________3.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.4.Thewriterimpliesbutnotdirectlystatesthat________5.Thewriter/authorindicates/implies/suggeststhat_____6.Thewritertalkedabout...becausehethought________主要設(shè)題方式有：1.Itcanbeinferredfromthe27【典型考例】(2018全國(guó)Ⅰ·B)...InSave

Money:Good

Food,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGood

Morning

Britainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11....HowdoesMattTebbutt

helpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.【典型考例】(2018全國(guó)Ⅰ·B)HowdoesMatt28（2016全國(guó)卷ⅢD）

“Theywantyoureyeballsanddon’tcarehowyou’refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon’twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.

”

推測(cè)隱含意義Whatcan

we

infer

about

peoplelikeDebbie

Downer?A.

They’re

socially

inactive．B.

They’re

good

at

telling

stories．C.

They’re

inconsiderate

of

others．D.

They’re

careful

with

their

words．（2016全國(guó)卷ⅢD）

“Theywantyour29二、考查推斷作者觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度：positive

negativeapproval/approving

disapproval/disapprovingobjectivesubjectiveoptimistic

pessimisticindifferentreservedneutral

unbiasedcritical

disgusted

doubtful=skeptical

sarcastic/ironichumorousfavourablesupportiveenthusiasticpleasantopposinguninterestednot-mentioned積極的，肯定的消極的，否定的贊成不贊成客觀的主觀的樂(lè)觀的悲觀的漠不關(guān)心的保留意見的中立的無(wú)偏見的，公平的批評(píng)的厭惡的懷疑的懷疑的幽默的諷刺的贊同的支持的熱情的愉快的未提及的不感興趣的反對(duì)的二、考查推斷作者觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度：positive30觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度推斷題考查考生是否了解文章作者或者文中人物對(duì)某事物所持的觀點(diǎn)或者態(tài)度。這就要求考生在正確理解文章大意的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)觀點(diǎn)或者態(tài)度傾向進(jìn)行分析、識(shí)別，關(guān)注作者對(duì)人物心理或者細(xì)節(jié)的描寫，對(duì)文章所交代的人或者事情進(jìn)行評(píng)判。1.Theattitudeoftheauthortowardssomethingis_______2.Thewriterofthepassageseemstothinkthat__________3.What'stheauthor'sopinionon...?4.Whepassage?5.Somebodycanbesaid___________.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkabout...?主要設(shè)題方式有:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度推斷題考查考生是否了解文章作者或者文中人物對(duì)某事物所31【典型考例】(2017全國(guó)Ⅱ)...Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.Whatisthegovernment’s

attitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?A.Cautious

B.Favorable.C.Ambiguous. Disapproving.【典型考例】(2017全國(guó)Ⅱ)Whatisthegov32What

did

the

author

think

of

her

winter

life

in

New

York?A.Exciting

B.BoringC.Relaxing

D.Annoying(2015全國(guó)卷ⅠB)The

freezing

Northeast

hasn’t

been

a

terribly

fun

place

to

spend

time

this

winter,

so

when

thechance

came

for

a

weekend

to

Sarasota,

Florida,

my

bags

were

packed

before

you

could

say

“sunshine”.

I

left

for

the

land

of

warmth

and

vitamin

C,

thinking

of

beaches

and

orange

trees.

When

we

touched

down

to

blue

skies

and

warm

air,

I

sent

up

a

small

prayer

of

gratefulness.推測(cè)觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度What

did

the

author

think

of

h33三、

考查寫作意圖推斷

寫作意圖推斷要求考生根據(jù)文章的論述，揣測(cè)作者的寫作意圖和寫作手法。作者一般不直接陳述自己的意圖，而是通過(guò)文章所提供的事實(shí)，客觀地使讀者信服某種想法或觀點(diǎn)。這就要求考生不但要理解文章的主旨大意，而且要具備對(duì)作者闡述問(wèn)題的方法進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)和分析的能力。主要設(shè)題方式有：1.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorwritingthetext?2.Thepurposeofthetextistogetmorepeopleto_______3.Thewriterofthestorywantstotellusthat___________4.Thefact...ismentionedbytheauthortoshow________5.Theauthorwritesthelastparagraphinorderto_____三、考查寫作意圖推斷寫作意圖推斷要求考生根據(jù)文章的論述，34【典型考例】(2018全國(guó)Ⅰ·B)Good

Morning

Britain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSave

Money:Good

Food,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGood

Morning

Britainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.【典型考例】(2018全國(guó)Ⅰ·B)35“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,”sheexplains.“Ipay￡5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries(系列節(jié)目),Save

Money:Good

Food,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSave

Money:Good

Health,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket....“WeloveMexicanchurros,so36Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.【解題思路】推理判斷題。作者在第四段中提到“The

eight-part

series(系列節(jié)目),Save

Money:Good

Food,follows

in

the

footsteps

of

ITV’s

Save

Money:Good

Health...”,由此可知,作者寫這一段是為了提供一些有關(guān)節(jié)目的背景信息,所以與C項(xiàng)相符。故答案選C。Whatdoestheauthorintendto37

四、

考查文章來(lái)源和讀者對(duì)象推斷

推測(cè)文章的來(lái)源或者讀者對(duì)象要求讀者本身要具備一定的常識(shí)，這樣文章的內(nèi)容才能與讀者本身具備的常識(shí)結(jié)合起來(lái)。比如讀者本身要對(duì)報(bào)紙、雜志、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、科普、

小說(shuō)、廣告、說(shuō)明書、旅游指南等有基本的了解，這樣才能根據(jù)文章的特點(diǎn)對(duì)號(hào)人座，選出正確的答案。主要設(shè)題方式有：1.Thispassagewouldbemostlikelytobefoundin_____2.Thepassageisprobablytakenoutof__________3.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?4.Whichsectionofamagazineisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?5.Thetextisintendedfor(打算為誰(shuí)所用)__________.四、考查文章來(lái)源和讀者對(duì)象推斷推測(cè)文章的來(lái)源或者讀者38

（全國(guó)卷）Doyoualwaysunderstandthedirectionsonabottleofmedicine?Doyouknowwhatismeantby“Takeonlyasdirected?”Readthefollowingdirectionsandseeifyouunderstandthem.Toreducepain,taketwotablets(藥片)withwater,followedbyonetableteveryeighthours,asrequired.Fornight-timeandearlymorningrelief(緩解疼痛)taketwotabletsatbedtime.Donottakemorethansixtabletsintwenty-fourhours.Forchildrensixtotwelveyearsold,givehalftheamount.Forchildrenundersixyearsold,askyourdoctor’sadvice.Reducetheamountifyousufferfromrestlessnessorsleeplessnessaftertakingthemedicine.

Thistextismostprobablytakenfroma______.A.textbook

B.

newsreel(新聞短片)C.doctor’snotebook

D.bottleofmedicine

3914.

Morethan30,000driversandfrontseatpassengersarekilledorseriouslyinjured（受傷）eachyear.Ataspeedofonly30milesperhouritisthesameasfallingfromathirdfloorwindow.Wearingaseatbelt（安全帶）saveslives;itreducesyourchanceofdeathorseriousinjurybymorethanhalf.Thereforedriversorfrontseatpassengersover14inmostvehiclesmustwearaseatbelt.Ifyoudonot,youcouldbefinedupto$50.Itwillnotbeuptothedriverstomakesureyouwearyourbelt.Butitwillbethedriver'sresponsibility（責(zé)任）tomakesurethatchildrenunder14donotrideinthefrontunlesstheyarewearingseatbeltofsomekind.However,youdonothavetowearaseatbeltifyouarereversing（倒退）yourvehicleoryouaremakingalocaldelivery（發(fā)送）orcollectionusingaspecialvehicle;orifyouhaveavalidmedicalcertificatewhichexcusesyoufromwearingit.Makesurethesecircumstances（情形）applytoyoubeforeyoudecidenottowearyourseatbelt.Rememberyoumaybetakentocourtfornotdoingso,andyoumaybefinedifyoucannotprovetothecourtthatyouhavebeenexcusedfromwearingit.

Thistextistakenfrom_____.A.amedicalmagazine

B.atrafficpolicereportC.anadvertisement

D.agovernmentinformationbooklet