詞匯復(fù)習(xí)第五單元

詞匯復(fù)習(xí)第五單元1.consider的基本含義及句式:1.)考慮；思考Thecourtwouldnotevenconsiderhisclaimfortheoldman'slegacy.法庭根本不會考慮他所提出的對老人遺產(chǎn)的要求。Hersuccessisnotsurprisingifyouconsiderherexcellenttraining.Iamconsidering

goingabroad.我正在考慮出國。Weconsiderthattheywillgiveusahand.Letmeconsider.讓我考慮一下。12.)認(rèn)為；以為某人,某事(是)…的Heconsiderswastetobe/ascriminal.認(rèn)為浪費是有罪的Sheisconsidered(tobe/as)anintelligentwoman.她被認(rèn)為是一個聰明的女人。Heconsiderssuccess(tobe/as)oflittleimportance.他認(rèn)為成功并不重要。Iconsiderit(tobe/as)agreathonor.我認(rèn)為這是極大的榮幸。Weconsiderthatthedriverisnottoblame.我們認(rèn)為這不是司機(jī)的過錯。2*Heconsidered_____typingthereportsofarshouldagreetojoinus.a.finishingb.tofinishc.havingfinishedd.tohavefinished重要句式:1.)sbconsidersth=sbthinkaboutsth=sbtakesthintoconsideration/account2.)sbconsiderdoingsth/beingdone3.)sbconsiderthatS+P…

d34.)sbconsidersb/sth(tobe/as)+adj/n=sbregard/thinkof/lookon/lookuponsb/sthas+adj/n*5.)sbbeconsideredtohavedonesth形容詞詞形:considerable相當(dāng)大的；相當(dāng)多的TheTVplayreceivedconsiderableacclaim.這部電視劇獲得很高評價。awriterofconsiderableinfluence.一名有很大影響的作家Theeconomywasaconsiderableissueinthecampaign.在競選運(yùn)動中經(jīng)濟(jì)是一個重要問題42.spare的一詞多義:A.動詞:1.)提供;付出;抽出;勻出Canyouspare(me)tenminutes?你能抽出十分鐘嗎?Ihavenotimetospare.我抽不出時間。Nowwecansparenoonetodoanyotherwork2.)使免遭：使解除或免于經(jīng)歷或做（某事）：Shesparedherselfthetroubleofgoing.她省卻了去一趟的麻煩5重要詞組:1.)sbAspare(sbB)sth2.)sbsparesthtodosth3.)sbAsparesbB/oneself+sth=sbAsavesbB/oneself+sth*4.)sbsparenoefforts/expensetodosth=sbtryone’sbesttodosth=sbgo_____________todosth=sbtake_______________todosth

alloutgreattrouble6B.形容詞:備用的;多余的，剩余的asparetire備用輪胎sparecash余款I(lǐng)fyouhaveasparebed,mayIstaytonight?如果你有空床的話，今晚我可以留下嗎？Haveyouanysparetimetohelpme?你有空幫助我嗎？Youcansithereinyoursparetimeandreadthecarpet!空閑時你就坐在這里讀地毯吧!(sbdosth)inone’ssparetime

73.set(v)的幾個重要的基本含義:1.)放置：放在指定的地方；setabookonatable.在桌上放一本書2.)使處于某種狀態(tài)：settheprisoneratliberty.給犯人自由3.)固定：固定或處于不動狀態(tài)：Hesethisjawandconcentratedonflyingtheplanethroughthestorm.他固定下頜，專心于在風(fēng)暴中飛行4.)校正：將（鐘表,儀器）調(diào)整到某定點或刻度：setanalarmclock.上鬧鐘85.)創(chuàng)立：創(chuàng)立某項活動的最高水平：樹立：樹立榜樣：setaworldrecord.創(chuàng)世界紀(jì)錄Aparentmustsetagoodexampleforthechildren.父母必須為孩子樹立好榜樣6.)落下：消失在地平線下：Thesunsetatseventhatevening.那晚太陽七點落下7.)調(diào)整；安排Peopleusedtosettheirwatchesbytheradio.人們過去常根據(jù)收音機(jī)對表。9settheclock調(diào)整鐘表Theteachersetusatest.老師安排了我們一個測驗。Thefastestrunnersetthepaceandtheothersfollowed.“跑得最快的人確定了步速,其他人在后面跟著跑。Set構(gòu)成的重要詞組:1.)a.]setaboutsth/doingsth=setouttodosth開始…b.]setout(for+地點)出發(fā)(去某地)

setaboutsolvingtheproblem.著手解決問題102.)setasidesth留出，撥出,把…存起來3.)setdown記錄：寫下；記錄：Wesetdownthefacts.我們記下事實4.)setforthsth=put________sth=bring______sth提出：提出想法；建議：setforthasoundplan.提出一個合理的計劃5.)setoffa.]出發(fā)，啟程(=setout；setforth)Oneafternoonshesetoutfromthecoastinasmallboatandwascaughtinastorm."一天下午,她乘坐小船從海岸出發(fā),遇到了一場暴風(fēng)雨。"11Thechildrensetoffforschool.孩子們上學(xué)去了。b.]使爆炸，引起爆炸"Asatraditionalwaytocelebratethenewyear,settingofffirecrackersisjustifiablywelcomedbymostChinesepeople.""燃放鞭炮,作為一種傳統(tǒng)的慶賀新年活動,理所當(dāng)然地受到大多數(shù)中國人民的歡迎。"c.]引起（突發(fā)的動作）；導(dǎo)致（突然的活動）Thenewssetoffarushofactivity.這消息令人蜂擁而動。6.)setup建立：setupacharity.建立一家慈善機(jī)構(gòu)127.)setonsb攻擊；襲擊5.break構(gòu)成的詞組:1.)breakaway(fromsb/sth)a.](從…處)逃走；逃脫Therobberysuspectbrokeawayfromthelockup.搶劫嫌疑犯從拘留所逃脫了。Modernmusiclikejazzhasbrokenawayfromtheoldtraditionalrules.(喻)(擺脫,放棄,戒除…)現(xiàn)代音樂如爵士樂擺脫了舊的傳統(tǒng)規(guī)則。13b.]斷裂；開裂Alargepieceoficebrokeawayfromthemainblock.一大塊冰從整個大冰塊上斷裂開來。2.)breakdowna.]（機(jī)器）損壞:sthbreakdownOurtruckbrokedownoutsidetown.我們的卡車在城外拋錨了。Thecarbrokedownhalfwaytothedestination.汽車在到達(dá)目的地的中途拋錨了。14The8o'clocktrainbrokedownatFerngreenstationandwastakenofftheline.8點鐘的那趟車因在芬格林車站出了故障而被取消了。Theelevatorbrokedown.電梯出毛病了b.]失?。黄屏裺thbreakdown(引申義)Theiroppositionbrokedown.他們的反對意見打消了。Thepeacetalksaresaidtohavebrokendown.(喻)據(jù)說和談破裂了。c.]精神崩潰；身體垮掉

sbbraekdown(引申義)Hebrokedownandwept.他不禁失聲痛哭。15d.]起化學(xué)變化;從化學(xué)上分解，sthAbreakdownsthBFoodisbrokendownbychemicals.化學(xué)物質(zhì)引起食物轉(zhuǎn)化。Chemicalsinthebodybreakourfooddownintousefulsubstances.人體中的化學(xué)元素把食物分解成有用的物質(zhì)。3.)sbbreakupsth;sthbreakupa.]把…分裂成碎片；分開：分裂;破裂breakupachocolatebar.把一塊長條巧克力弄碎16Theicewillbreakupwhenthewarmweathercomes.天氣轉(zhuǎn)暖,冰層就會破裂。Theirmarriagebrokeup.他們的婚姻破裂了。b.]分散：散開,使…分散/散開,拆散…Thecrowdbrokeupafterthegame.比賽結(jié)束后人群四面散開Thepolicebrokeupthefightingcrowd.警察驅(qū)散了打架的人群。174.)sbbreakoff(sth)a.]斷絕（關(guān)系）不再友好，絕交We’vedecidedtobreakofftherelationshipwiththatcountry.b.]停下(工作,講話)Let’sbreakoff(work)forabreak.5.)breakina.]sbbreakin(不可跟地點)闖入；強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入Theburglarbrokeinandstolemymoney.夜竊賊破門而入,偷了我的錢。18b.]sbbreakin(onsbB)打斷；插嘴=interrupt(sb)It'sherusualhabittobreakinwithsomeideasofherown.他常常打斷別人的話來發(fā)表自己的觀點。Childrenshouldn'tbreakinonadults'conversation.小孩子不要打斷大人們的談話。Thetelephoneringbrokeinon/uponmythoughts.電話鈴聲打斷了我的思路。196.)sbbreakintosth:闖入某處Thethievesbrokeintotheofficeandstolesomemoney.小偷闖入辦公室，偷了一些錢。Thebanditsbrokeintothejewelryandstolenearlyallthevaluablenecklaces.土匪們闖進(jìn)了珠寶店盜走了幾乎所有值錢的項鏈。7.)AbreakthroughB突破…Afterthestormthesunbrokethroughtheclouds.風(fēng)暴過后太陽沖破了云層。20Theguerrillassoonbrokethrough.游擊隊很快就突圍了。Atlast,thosephysiciansandspecialistsbrokethroughintheirfightagainstheartdisease.那些內(nèi)科醫(yī)生和專家們終于在同心臟病的斗爭中取得了突破。Sbbreakthroughinsth(引申義)7.call構(gòu)成的重要詞組:1.)callfora.]sbcallforsth(help)本義:大聲呼救21b.]要求；需要：sb/sthAcallforBworkthatcallsforpatience.需要耐心的工作Theoccasioncallsforacoolhead.這種場合需要冷靜的頭腦。c.]sbAcallforsbB(+介詞+地點/+介詞+時間)2.)callup

a.]sbAcallupsbB=sbAringup/telephonesbBb.]sthAcallupsthB喚起：使人憶起；帶入心中：storiesthatcallupoldtimes.使人懷舊的故事223.)SbAcallinsbB邀請：callinaspecialist.邀請一個專家*Sbcallinsick打電話請假4.)sbcalloffsth取消：=sbcancel/abolishsthcalloffatrip;取消旅游；Themeetinghasbeencalledoff.會議取消了。5.)callona.]sbAcallonsbB=sbAdropinonsbB拜訪I‘llcallonhimtomorrow.明天我去拜訪他。*sbcallat+地點=sbdropinat+地點23b.]sbAcallonsbBtodosth號召；呼吁8.limit的基本用法:A.名詞：限制；限定;邊界；界限

a/thelimittosth/todoingsthThereisalimittotheamountofmoneyIcanafford.我能付得起的錢數(shù)是有限的。Thespeedlimitisthefastestspeedyouareallowedtodriveacarat.限速是允許駕車的最快速度。withinthecitylimits.在城市范圍內(nèi)24B.動詞:限制：限制或限定在一邊界或范圍之內(nèi)規(guī)定，指定：明確地規(guī)定；限定（與to連用）Sb/sthAlimitsb/sthBtosth/doingsthTheConstitutionlimitsthePresident'stermofofficetofouryears.憲法規(guī)定總統(tǒng)的任期四年。Thisdriverreceivedaticketbecausehefailedtolimithisspeedwhiledrivinginheavytraffic.那位司機(jī)收到了一個違章通知單，因為他在車輛多的地方?jīng)]能限制開車速度。25Attheconference,eachspeakerisrequiredtolimithisspeechto5minutes.Thepolicelimitedthesuspecttowalkingintheroom.Ilimitedmyselftotwomodestambitions;todophysicalexerciseseverymorningandtoreadmoreofanevening.我把自己的決心限制于兩項小小的抱負(fù)：即每天早晨做體操，常在晚上多讀一點書。Wemustlimitourexpensetowhatwecanafford.我們必須不使開支超出我們的支付能力26Adj:limited有限的Heseemstohaveonlyalimitedintelligence.似乎他的智力有限。*…Co.ltd/Inc13.cut構(gòu)成的詞組:1.)cutoffa.]sb/sthAcutoffsthB:截斷…的道路或通道：中斷或打斷…的通訊線路：切斷…供應(yīng),供給Thetelephoneoperatorcutusoff.電話接線員把我們的線路切斷了27Thecountry’seconomycouldcollapseifoilsuppliedwerecutoff.b.]AcutoffB(fromC):分離，隔離：A使B與C隔絕Thevillagewascutoff(bytheheavysnow)fromtheoutsideworld.2.)sbcutdown(onsth);cutdownsthto+數(shù)詞削減：減少食用或使用的數(shù)量：cutdownonone'sintakeofrichfoods.減少對多油膩食物的食量cutdownonsmoking減少抽煙28cutdownthepriceoftheTVsetto$200*砍倒；砍傷；砍死(本義)cutdownatreewithanaxe用斧頭把樹砍倒3.)cutoutsth切去，刪去：用或似乎用切割來去除cutoutadress裁剪衣服cutoutapictureofthenewspaper4.)cutin插嘴;超車搶擋；（突然）插入Don'tcutinwhileI'mtalking.我說話時別插嘴。cutinonaqueue加塞兒*haircut理發(fā)

powercut停電2914.prove的基本含義及用法：（及物動詞）1.)證明：通過提示論據(jù)或證據(jù)來確立真實性或有效性Hehasprovedhiscourageinbattle.他已在戰(zhàn)斗中證明了自己的勇氣。Factshaveprovedthatthecreativepowerofthepeopleknowsnolimits.事實證明人民的創(chuàng)造力是無窮的。30Thelittleboyhasprovedhisclevernessinthetelevisionquiz.這個小男孩在這次電視知識測驗中證實了他的聰明。2.)試驗；proveanewweapon試驗新武器B.(系動詞):顯示出…，證明是…：顯示出是如此的；結(jié)果是：atheorythatprovedimpracticalinpractice.一個被證明在實踐中不實用的理論Themethod/drugproved(tobe)highlyeffective.這個方法/這種藥證明是非常有效的。31Myadviceprovedtobewrong.我的意見證實是錯的。重要句式:1.)sb/sthprovesth

2.)sb/sthprovethatS+P…近義:sb/sthconfirmsth進(jìn)一步證實；確定；支持sb/sthconfirmthatS+P…Pleaseconfirmyourtelephonemessagebywritingtome.請給我來封信，好進(jìn)一步證實你在電話中傳達(dá)的消息。32MyemployerwillconfirmthatIwasthereontime.“我的雇主將會證實,我是準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)的。*3.)sb/sthprove(tobe)+adj/n=sb/sthturn__________(tobe)+adj/n*名詞詞形:proof近義詞:___________*proof耐…的，防…的：完全地或成功地抵制的；不能穿透的。常用于合成詞中：waterproofwatches;afireproofcellardoor.

out

evidence防水表防火地窖3316.stick的一詞多義:A.動詞:1.)（與in,into,on連用）粘??；貼住;

（把尖物）插入，刺入，戳入Istuckastampontheletter.我把一張郵票貼在信上。stickahookonthewall.把一個鉤子釘在墻上Hestuckaflowerinhisbuttonhole;把一朵花插在他的扣眼里；stickaforkintoapotato用叉子叉上馬鈴薯34Istuckaneedleintothecloth.我把一根針扎進(jìn)布里。2.)伸出或突出：Wesawhairstickingoutonhishead;我們看見他的頭上伸出來的一綹頭發(fā)；anantennastickingupontheroof.屋頂上伸出來的天線Shestuckherheadoutofthewindow.她把頭伸出窗外35重要詞組:1.)sb/sthbestuckinsth=sb/sthbe___________insth:被難住,卡住、塞住或阻?。合萑?被困于…(險境,困境)Wewerestuckintrafficforanhour.我們被卡在交通阻塞中達(dá)一個小時Thepolicearetryingtorescuetheboystuckintheelevatoronaccountofapowerfailure.近義詞組:sb/sthbe_____________insth(險境,困境,災(zāi)害性天氣等)

trapped

caught362.)sbsticktosth堅持(理論,觀點,立場,原則;信守諾言等)sticktobasicprinciples.堅持基本原則19.act的一詞多義:1.)行動，運(yùn)作：Weactedimmediately.我們馬上行動。Thegovernorhasnotyetactedonthebill.州長還沒有按照法案行事Thinkbeforeyouact!三思而后行！372.)起…作用；產(chǎn)生…效果Doesthedrugtakelongtoact?這藥要很久才能起作用嗎？3.)裝作；以…自居Heisalwaysactingtheexperiencedman.他一向以經(jīng)驗豐富者自居。Heactedashosttovisitors.他以主人身份接待來客。4.)扮演,表演Heactedhispartwell.他扮演的那個角色很成功。38Anewly-devisedmicrocomputercanactasaguidetoablindperson.一種新設(shè)計的微型計算機(jī)能夠充任盲人的向?qū)Аon'tactfool.別裝傻。ManychildrenactinTVshows.有許多孩子在電視節(jié)目中進(jìn)行表演。重要詞組：1.)sbactthepart/roleofsb2.)sbactas+職業(yè)/職位393.)sthactas+n=sthbe_________as+nAcoincanactasascrewdriver.硬幣可充當(dāng)螺絲起子4.)sbactoutsthactoutastory.連說帶比劃地講將故事20.admit的一詞多義:1.)許可進(jìn)入，錄取(某人)入學(xué)Thisticketadmitstwopeopletothefootballmatch.這張票可供兩人入場看足球賽。used40CongratulateyouonbeingadmittedbyBeijingUniversity2.)允許某人加入…組織,團(tuán)體等Hewasadmittedtothebarassociation.他被接納/吸收到律師協(xié)會3.)承認(rèn)；供認(rèn)(犯了錯誤或罪行)Headmittedhiscrime.他招認(rèn)了罪行。Heneveradmitsthatheiswrong.他從不承認(rèn)自己錯了。Johnhasadmittedbreakingthewindow.約翰已承認(rèn)打碎了窗子。41比較:recognize承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可：認(rèn)識到或表現(xiàn)出接受…的合理性或真實性：（與as,for連用）公認(rèn)，承認(rèn)recognizeanewgovernment承認(rèn)一個新政府重要詞組:1.)sbAadmitsbBto/into+地點2.)sbAadmitsbBinto+團(tuán)體/組織等=sbA____________/____________sbBintosth3.)sbbeadmittedintosth

absorb

accept424.)sbadmitsth/doingsth/thatS+P….反義詞組:sb_________sth/doingsth/thatS+P對比詞匯:sbrecognizesth/sb(as+n)26.go構(gòu)成的詞組:1.)sbgooverstha.]視察；查看=________throughsthWewentoverthebuilding.我們查看了這座大樓。Wemustgoovertheaccountscarefullybeforewesettlethem.在結(jié)賬之前，我們必須仔細(xì)查閱賬目。

deny

look43Youmustgoovertheinstructionsofhowitworks