《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》-課件

《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》1《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》構(gòu)成:用法一：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)這一時(shí)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)是過(guò)去動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系,也就是強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果.have/has

+done(過(guò)去分詞)《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》構(gòu)成:表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響2精品資料精品資料3你怎么稱(chēng)呼老師？如果老師最后沒(méi)有總結(jié)一節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)的難點(diǎn)，你是否會(huì)認(rèn)為老師的教學(xué)方法需要改進(jìn)？你所經(jīng)歷的課堂，是講座式還是討論式？教師的教鞭“不怕太陽(yáng)曬，也不怕那風(fēng)雨狂，只怕先生罵我笨，沒(méi)有學(xué)問(wèn)無(wú)顏見(jiàn)爹娘……”“太陽(yáng)當(dāng)空照，花兒對(duì)我笑，小鳥(niǎo)說(shuō)早早早……”《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》-課件4現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系，動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在。例如：eg:Ihavelostmyweddingring.我丟了我的結(jié)婚戒指（這一動(dòng)作雖然發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但影響持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，其結(jié)果是我現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有結(jié)婚戒指了）IhavesenthimaChristmascard.Hehasjustboughtanewhouse.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)5現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去式的區(qū)別：1）一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)都已成為過(guò)去，現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。表示純粹的過(guò)去，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，影響等。

Ihavelostmybag.(現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)找到)Ilostmybag.(丟了錢(qián)包，現(xiàn)在是否找到，不知道)Mrs.SmithlivedinBeijingforsevenyears.(史密斯太太已不再住在北京)Mrs.SmithhaslivedinBeijingforsevenyears.(史密斯太太還住在北京)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去式的區(qū)別：61.都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系，不能和具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用；3.一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事或狀態(tài)與表示過(guò)去的具體時(shí)間連用（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）presentpastIhavelivedherefortwoyearsIlivedthere2yearsago1.都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事presentpastIhavel72）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系，過(guò)去時(shí)表示的過(guò)去時(shí)間的經(jīng)歷，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。所以如果動(dòng)作發(fā)生在特定的過(guò)去時(shí)間，如lastnight,yesterday,threedaysago,justnow,in1998等則不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，必須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。試比較：

Thefilmhasbeenontenminutesago.(╳)Thefilmbegantenminutesago.(√)Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.(√)3)詢問(wèn)某事過(guò)去發(fā)生的具體時(shí)間，具體地點(diǎn)時(shí)必須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，

Whendidyouloseyourluggage?Wheredidtheyleavefor?

2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系，過(guò)去時(shí)表示的過(guò)去時(shí)間的經(jīng)歷，與現(xiàn)8eg.1.Hehadhisbreakfastat6:00

Hehashadhisbreakfast.2.Whendidyoucomehere?

IwatchedthefootballmatchonTVat9:00.

eg.1.Hehadhisbreakfastat9《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》1.I________(have)lunchalready.2.Hasthetrain_______(arrive),yet?3.Tome____never_______(beto)China.4.Thetwin______just_____(see)myfather.5.Thetwins____(see)myfatherjustnow.6.Manytallbuildings____________(build)inthepast5years.havehadarrivedhasbeentohasseensawhavebeenbuilt《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》1.I________(have)lu10現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的區(qū)別：1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)都可以與often,always,seldom,never等副詞連用，但意義不同?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)一段特定時(shí)間里反復(fù)發(fā)生的情況，而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)一般情況，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特征。試比較：

eg:Hehasalwayshelpedus（到目前為止）

Healwayshelpsus.(一貫如此)Ihaveseldomwatchedcartoonsthesedays.(這幾天的情況)Iseldomwatchcartoons.（一貫如此）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的區(qū)別：11《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》

alreadyeveryetneverjustthesedaysrecentlyinthepasttenyearslatelyinthelasttwoyearsfor+段時(shí)間(foralongtime,fortwomonthssince+點(diǎn)時(shí)間(sincetwoyearsago,sincethismorning)

《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》already12Ihavecomebackjustnow.Icamebackjustnow.Whenhaveyouseenhim?Whendidyouseehim?When不與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。它只有過(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，因?yàn)樗硎敬_切的時(shí)間。××Ihavecomebackjustnow.Whe13用法二：

for+段時(shí)間

since+點(diǎn)時(shí)間

since+句子（過(guò)去時(shí)）E.g.Katehaslivedherefor3years.Katehaslivedheresince3yearsago.KatehaslivedheresinceshecametoChina.表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能還將持續(xù)下去。動(dòng)詞使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間連用用法二：表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)14

Myfatherhasn’tsmokedfortwomonths,Heistryingtogiveitup.

我父親已經(jīng)有兩個(gè)月沒(méi)有抽煙了。他現(xiàn)在在努力戒煙。

TheyhavestayedinthishotelsincelastTuesday.

WehavelearnedEnglishforaboutthreeyears.Myfatherhasn’tsmokedfort15《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》have/hasgoneto:已經(jīng)去了或在途中，還沒(méi)有返回；eg:1)WherehasJohngone?Ican’tfindhimanywhere.(John不在說(shuō)話地方)2)MaryhasgonetoHongKong(Mary不在說(shuō)話地方，可能在香港，可能在路上)《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》have/hasgoneto:已經(jīng)去了或16《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》have/hasbeento:曾今去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了,后面可接表示“次數(shù)”的狀語(yǔ);John,Wherehaveyoubeen?(現(xiàn)在John已經(jīng)回來(lái)，在說(shuō)話的地方)WherehaveyoubeentoBeijing?(你在說(shuō)話地方)

《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》have/hasbeento:曾今去17《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》have/hasbeenin:表示某人“已在某地停留一段時(shí)間，現(xiàn)仍在那里”，其后常帶表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。

IhavebeeninBritainforthenyears.《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》have/hasbeenin:表示某18《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》Tom在哪兒？他去書(shū)店買(mǎi)書(shū)了。我在北京待了5年了。Jack去過(guò)上海兩次了-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothebookshoptobuysomebooks.IhavebeeninBeijingfor5years.JackhasbeentoShanghaitwice.《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》Tom在哪兒？他去書(shū)店買(mǎi)書(shū)了。-Wher19《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months.2.Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18.3.JackandTomhavelivedheresince5years.4.ThefilmhasbeenonsinceIhavecometothecinema.5.WhenhasMr.Licaughtabadcold?

havekepthasbeenin/beenamemberofthearmysince5yearsago/for5yearscamedidcatch《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》1.Ihaveborrowedthe206.Tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.7.JimhasgonetoBeijingfor2years.8.Whattimehavethefactoryopened?9.IhavegonetoChunhuaMiddleSchooltwicehashasbeenindidopenbeento6.Tenyearshavepassedsince21HaveyougonetoAmerica?(誤)HaveyoubeentoAmerica?(正)1._____you_______toJapanbefore?2.Hisfatherisn'tathome.He_______thesupermarketnow.3.Whereisyourclassteacher?She_______thelibrary.4.Lindaandherparents_______toFrancetwice.HaveyougonetoAmerica?(誤)22《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》eg.他死了兩年了：Hediedtwoyearsago.Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears/sincetwoyearsagoItis/hasbeentwoyearssincehedied.Twoyearshaspassedsincehedied《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》eg.他死了兩年了：23瞬間動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)瞬間動(dòng)詞不能用于持續(xù)性用法（表示一個(gè)從過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的用法）必須將瞬間動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換成持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。她父母已經(jīng)死了十年了。

Herparentshavediedfortenyears.(╳)Herparentshavebeendeadfortenyears.(√)

Ihaveboughtanewapartmentforamonth錯(cuò)誤

Ihavehadanewapartmentforamonth正確瞬間動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)24《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》arrive/come/goto/reach

borrowleavebuyjoinstart/beginfinish/enddiebeinhavekeepbeawaybein/amemberofbeonbeover

bedead《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》beinhavekeepbeawayb25《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》Hisfatherhasdied.(for2years)Thefootballmatchhasbegun.(since9:00a.m)Thetwinshavejoinedthearmy.(sincetheyare18yearsold)Myteacherhasjust

leftNanjing.(for3days)Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years.Thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9:00a.m.Thetwinshavebeensoldiers/beeninthearmysincetheyare18yearsold.MyteacherhasbeenawayfromNanjingfor3days《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》Hisfatherhasdied.(261.這本書(shū)我借了一個(gè)月了。Iborrowedthisbookamonthago.Itis/hasbeenamonthsinceIborrowedthebook.Ihavekeptthebookforamonth./sinceamonthago.AmonthhaspassedsinceIborrowedthebook.1.這本書(shū)我借了一個(gè)月了。Iborrowedthis27《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》arrive/come/gotodiebecomeaborrowLeave/movebuyopenjoinstart/beginfinish/endcatchacoldgetupgettoknowgetoutclosewakeupgotosleepbecomeinterestedinbein

bedeadhavekeepbeaway/beoutbeabein/amemberofbeopenbeonbeoverhaveacoldbeupknowbeoutbeclosedbeawakebeasleep/sleepbeinterestedin《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》arrive/come/goto28《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》IamanAmericanboyIcametoChinatwoyearsago.I_____(study)herefortwoyears.Myfatheroften

(take)me_____

(play)footballontheplayground.LastweekI___(take)totheparkbyhim.Wesawalotofmonkeys

(jump)inthetree.IheardavoicefrombehindWhenI

(walk)alongtheriver.Ithoughtmyself.“Itmust_____

(be)Mr.Brown.He__(take)photos.”We___

(enjoy)thatday.We____(go)backtoAmericanextweek.havestudiedtakestoplayWastaken

wakedjumpbeistakingenjoyedwillgo《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》IamanAmericanboyI29構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞

(Ihave/Youhave/Shehas/Hehas/Ithas/Ourhave/Theyhave/Ourteacherhas/Ourschoolhas/Mikehas/Maryhas)

（規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化同過(guò)去式/不規(guī)則變化見(jiàn)表）規(guī)則：(1)在詞尾加-ed(2)–e結(jié)尾在詞尾加d(3)輔音+y,去y改成i加ed(4)元音字母+y在詞尾加ed(5)重讀閉音節(jié)且詞尾為單個(gè)輔音字母，將詞尾輔音字母雙寫(xiě)加ed(6)重讀—r音節(jié)，雙寫(xiě)r加ed不規(guī)則：ABC型(原形，過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞均不同型)eg:do-did-done;swim-swam-swum;fly-flew-flown;drink-drank-drunkABB型（過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞同型）

eg:build-built-built;think-thought-thought;buy-bought-boughtABA型（過(guò)去分詞與動(dòng)詞原形同型）

eg:run-ran-run;come-came-come;become-became-become;ABA型（過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞，動(dòng)詞原型同型）

eg:hit-hit-hit;sit-sit-sit;let-let-let;shut-shut-shut;cut-cut-cut;cost-cost-cost構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞30《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》31《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》構(gòu)成:用法一：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)這一時(shí)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)是過(guò)去動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系,也就是強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果.have/has

+done(過(guò)去分詞)《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》構(gòu)成:表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響32精品資料精品資料33你怎么稱(chēng)呼老師？如果老師最后沒(méi)有總結(jié)一節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)的難點(diǎn)，你是否會(huì)認(rèn)為老師的教學(xué)方法需要改進(jìn)？你所經(jīng)歷的課堂，是講座式還是討論式？教師的教鞭“不怕太陽(yáng)曬，也不怕那風(fēng)雨狂，只怕先生罵我笨，沒(méi)有學(xué)問(wèn)無(wú)顏見(jiàn)爹娘……”“太陽(yáng)當(dāng)空照，花兒對(duì)我笑，小鳥(niǎo)說(shuō)早早早……”《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》-課件34現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系，動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在。例如：eg:Ihavelostmyweddingring.我丟了我的結(jié)婚戒指（這一動(dòng)作雖然發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但影響持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，其結(jié)果是我現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有結(jié)婚戒指了）IhavesenthimaChristmascard.Hehasjustboughtanewhouse.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)35現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去式的區(qū)別：1）一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)都已成為過(guò)去，現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。表示純粹的過(guò)去，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，影響等。

Ihavelostmybag.(現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)找到)Ilostmybag.(丟了錢(qián)包，現(xiàn)在是否找到，不知道)Mrs.SmithlivedinBeijingforsevenyears.(史密斯太太已不再住在北京)Mrs.SmithhaslivedinBeijingforsevenyears.(史密斯太太還住在北京)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去式的區(qū)別：361.都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系，不能和具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用；3.一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事或狀態(tài)與表示過(guò)去的具體時(shí)間連用（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）presentpastIhavelivedherefortwoyearsIlivedthere2yearsago1.都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事presentpastIhavel372）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系，過(guò)去時(shí)表示的過(guò)去時(shí)間的經(jīng)歷，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。所以如果動(dòng)作發(fā)生在特定的過(guò)去時(shí)間，如lastnight,yesterday,threedaysago,justnow,in1998等則不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，必須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。試比較：

Thefilmhasbeenontenminutesago.(╳)Thefilmbegantenminutesago.(√)Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.(√)3)詢問(wèn)某事過(guò)去發(fā)生的具體時(shí)間，具體地點(diǎn)時(shí)必須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，

Whendidyouloseyourluggage?Wheredidtheyleavefor?

2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系，過(guò)去時(shí)表示的過(guò)去時(shí)間的經(jīng)歷，與現(xiàn)38eg.1.Hehadhisbreakfastat6:00

Hehashadhisbreakfast.2.Whendidyoucomehere?

IwatchedthefootballmatchonTVat9:00.

eg.1.Hehadhisbreakfastat39《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》1.I________(have)lunchalready.2.Hasthetrain_______(arrive),yet?3.Tome____never_______(beto)China.4.Thetwin______just_____(see)myfather.5.Thetwins____(see)myfatherjustnow.6.Manytallbuildings____________(build)inthepast5years.havehadarrivedhasbeentohasseensawhavebeenbuilt《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》1.I________(have)lu40現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的區(qū)別：1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)都可以與often,always,seldom,never等副詞連用，但意義不同?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)一段特定時(shí)間里反復(fù)發(fā)生的情況，而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)一般情況，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特征。試比較：

eg:Hehasalwayshelpedus（到目前為止）

Healwayshelpsus.(一貫如此)Ihaveseldomwatchedcartoonsthesedays.(這幾天的情況)Iseldomwatchcartoons.（一貫如此）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的區(qū)別：41《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》

alreadyeveryetneverjustthesedaysrecentlyinthepasttenyearslatelyinthelasttwoyearsfor+段時(shí)間(foralongtime,fortwomonthssince+點(diǎn)時(shí)間(sincetwoyearsago,sincethismorning)

《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》already42Ihavecomebackjustnow.Icamebackjustnow.Whenhaveyouseenhim?Whendidyouseehim?When不與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。它只有過(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，因?yàn)樗硎敬_切的時(shí)間?！痢罥havecomebackjustnow.Whe43用法二：

for+段時(shí)間

since+點(diǎn)時(shí)間

since+句子（過(guò)去時(shí)）E.g.Katehaslivedherefor3years.Katehaslivedheresince3yearsago.KatehaslivedheresinceshecametoChina.表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能還將持續(xù)下去。動(dòng)詞使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間連用用法二：表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)44

Myfatherhasn’tsmokedfortwomonths,Heistryingtogiveitup.

我父親已經(jīng)有兩個(gè)月沒(méi)有抽煙了。他現(xiàn)在在努力戒煙。

TheyhavestayedinthishotelsincelastTuesday.

WehavelearnedEnglishforaboutthreeyears.Myfatherhasn’tsmokedfort45《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》have/hasgoneto:已經(jīng)去了或在途中，還沒(méi)有返回；eg:1)WherehasJohngone?Ican’tfindhimanywhere.(John不在說(shuō)話地方)2)MaryhasgonetoHongKong(Mary不在說(shuō)話地方，可能在香港，可能在路上)《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》have/hasgoneto:已經(jīng)去了或46《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》have/hasbeento:曾今去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了,后面可接表示“次數(shù)”的狀語(yǔ);John,Wherehaveyoubeen?(現(xiàn)在John已經(jīng)回來(lái)，在說(shuō)話的地方)WherehaveyoubeentoBeijing?(你在說(shuō)話地方)

《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》have/hasbeento:曾今去47《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》have/hasbeenin:表示某人“已在某地停留一段時(shí)間，現(xiàn)仍在那里”，其后常帶表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。

IhavebeeninBritainforthenyears.《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》have/hasbeenin:表示某48《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》Tom在哪兒？他去書(shū)店買(mǎi)書(shū)了。我在北京待了5年了。Jack去過(guò)上海兩次了-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothebookshoptobuysomebooks.IhavebeeninBeijingfor5years.JackhasbeentoShanghaitwice.《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》Tom在哪兒？他去書(shū)店買(mǎi)書(shū)了。-Wher49《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months.2.Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18.3.JackandTomhavelivedheresince5years.4.ThefilmhasbeenonsinceIhavecometothecinema.5.WhenhasMr.Licaughtabadcold?

havekepthasbeenin/beenamemberofthearmysince5yearsago/for5yearscamedidcatch《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》1.Ihaveborrowedthe506.Tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.7.JimhasgonetoBeijingfor2years.8.Whattimehavethefactoryopened?9.IhavegonetoChunhuaMiddleSchooltwicehashasbeenindidopenbeento6.Tenyearshavepassedsince51HaveyougonetoAmerica?(誤)HaveyoubeentoAmerica?(正)1._____you_______toJapanbefore?2.Hisfatherisn'tathome.He_______thesupermarketnow.3.Whereisyourclassteacher?She_______thelibrary.4.Lindaandherparents_______toFrancetwice.HaveyougonetoAmerica?(誤)52《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》eg.他死了兩年了：Hediedtwoyearsago.Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears/sincetwoyearsagoItis/hasbeentwoyearssincehedied.Twoyearshaspassedsincehedied《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》eg.他死了兩年了：53瞬間動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)瞬間動(dòng)詞不能用于持續(xù)性用法（表示一個(gè)從過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的用法）必須將瞬間動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換成持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。她父母已經(jīng)死了十年了。

Herparentshavediedfortenyears.(╳)Herparentshavebeendeadfortenyears.(√)

Ihaveboughtanewapartmentforamonth錯(cuò)誤

Ihavehadanewapartmentforamonth正確瞬間動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)54《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》arrive/come/goto/reach

borrowleavebuyjoinstart/beginfinish/enddiebeinhavekeepbeawaybein/amemberofbeonbeover

bedead《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》beinhavekeepbeawayb55《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》Hisfatherhasdied.(for2years)Thefootballmatchhasbegun.(since9:00a.m)Thetwinshavejoinedthearmy.(sincetheyare18yearsold)Myteacherhasjust

leftNanjing.(for3days)Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years.Thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9:00a.m.Thetwinshavebeensoldiers/beeninthearmysincetheyare18yearsold.MyteacherhasbeenawayfromNanjingfor3days《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》Hisfatherhasdied.(561.這本書(shū)我借了一個(gè)月了。Iborrowedthisbookamonthago.Itis/hasbeenamonthsinceIborrowedthebook.Ihavekeptthebookforamonth./sinceamonthago.AmonthhaspassedsinceIborrowedthebook.1.這本書(shū)我借了一個(gè)月了。Iborrowedthis57《現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)》arrive/come/gotodiebecomeaborrowLeave/movebuyopenjoinstart/beginfinish/endcatchacold