高三英語(yǔ)詞匯總復(fù)習(xí)第一單元 新課標(biāo) 人教

總復(fù)習(xí)詞匯第一單元(序號(hào)為講義序號(hào))一.重點(diǎn)詞匯5.thirsty(adj)A.基本含義:1.)口渴的：想要喝水的2.)干旱的，干燥的；焦干的：thirstyfields.干旱的田地3.)渴望的：B.詞型變化:thirst(n):渴,口渴,渴望,熱望thirstless(adj)不渴的,thirstily(adv)如饑似渴地C.常用詞組:.1.)sbbethirstyforsth:They’rethirstyforthelatestnews.2.)sbhaveathirstforsth:athirstforknowledge.求知欲3.)sbthirst(v)for/aftersth同近義表示法:1.)sblookforwardtosth/doingsthsblongforsth/todosthsbitchforsth/todosthsbdesire(of)sth/todosth.2.)sbhaveanitch/anappetite/adesireforsth3.)sbbeeager/anxiousforsth/todosthsbbedesirousofsth11.exercise的一詞多義:A.(n)1.)(c)練習(xí),習(xí)題,2.)(u)訓(xùn)練,鍛煉,演習(xí)3.)(v)訓(xùn)練,鍛煉4.)(vt)行使,使擔(dān)擾[重點(diǎn)在(2),(3)]常用詞組:1.)sbtake/get/have/doexercise(u)=sb_______________鍛煉身體：為發(fā)展或保持身體健康而采取的運(yùn)用心智或體力的運(yùn)動(dòng)

workout.takeanhourofvigorousdailyexerciseatagym.在健身房進(jìn)行一小時(shí)的日常健身鍛煉2.)sbdomorning/eye/fingerexercises(復(fù)數(shù))3.)練習(xí)，操練：為提高或保持身體健康或增強(qiáng)技巧而完成的任務(wù)、難題或其他努力：apianoexercise;鋼琴練習(xí)；amemoryexercise;記憶練習(xí)4.)sbexercise(vt)sth:運(yùn)用（權(quán)力）等exercisepatience運(yùn)用忍耐力.Adoctorshouldlearnhowtoexercisepatiencetohisclients.醫(yī)生應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)他的病人運(yùn)用忍耐力。16.dress(v)A.基本含義:1.給…穿衣(vt)2.給…提供衣服(vt)3.裝飾或裝點(diǎn)(vt)dressaChristmastree.裝飾圣誕樹(shù)4.(vt)布置…dressastorewindow.布置商店的櫥窗5.穿上某種樣式的衣服(vi)sbdresscasually.穿休閑服;sbdresswell/formally/informally/poorly.6.盛裝：穿正式的衣服(vi)sbdressfordinner.為晚宴穿上禮服7.清創(chuàng)；敷藥；包扎傷口(vt)Idressedhiscuthand.我給他包扎砍傷的手。B.常用詞組:1.)sbAdresssbB(insth)2.)sbbedressed(in

sth)3.)sbgetdressed(insth)4.)sbdressup盛裝：穿正式的或精選的服裝：Theydressedupandwenttotheprom.他們盛裝去參加舞會(huì).5.sbbedressedupas…喬裝打扮成…比較:1.)makeup:化妝：為在舞臺(tái)上的角色而改變某人的外表，例如用服裝或化妝品Shemadeupherfacetolookprettier.她把臉化了妝以便看上去漂亮些.2.)makeupforsth補(bǔ)償…Howcanwemakeuptoyouforwhatyouhavesuffered?我們?nèi)绾窝a(bǔ)償你所遭受的損害？makeupforlosttime補(bǔ)回失去的時(shí)間.Theyhurriedontomakeupforlosttime.他們加速進(jìn)行以補(bǔ)回失去的時(shí)間。C.用法辨析:穿上/戴上…(點(diǎn)動(dòng))穿著/戴著…(狀態(tài))給/使…穿上…Sbputonsth(反義:Sbtakeoffsth)Sbgetdressedinsth(反義:sbgetundressed)SbwearsthSbbedressedinSbbeinsthSbhavesthon(不用進(jìn)行時(shí))Sbbewell/poorlydresseddresssbinsth.D.延伸與擴(kuò)展:1.(sb)wearsth:a.)面露：在臉上顯露：alwayswearasmile.總是面露微笑b.)蓄，留：以特殊形式具有、帶著或保留：wearherhairlong.她蓄長(zhǎng)發(fā)c.)使厭倦或使耗盡：Yourincessantcriticismhaswornmypatience.你不斷的批評(píng)已經(jīng)使我失去了耐心2.wearsth/sbout用壞;逐漸用完或消耗;使耗盡；使疲乏.20.short(adj)A.基本含義:1.短的,矮的,2.不足的,不夠的B.特殊含義:1.(n)a.)短片：電影短片b.)shorts短褲：2.(adv)a.)突然地；迅速地：stopshort.突然地停住b.)達(dá)不到目標(biāo)地：在一個(gè)規(guī)定范圍或目標(biāo)前面一點(diǎn)的：amissilethatlandedshortofthetarget.一枚在目標(biāo)前不遠(yuǎn)停止飛行的導(dǎo)彈c.)處于不利位置地：Wewerecaughtshortbythesuddenstorm.我們被一切突如其來(lái)的風(fēng)暴弄得狼狽不堪.C.詞性,詞義的擴(kuò)展與延伸:1.shortly(adv)很快地；馬上=soon"Shortly(afterwards),thepolicestoppedthecarandbothmenwerearrested."“過(guò)了沒(méi)有多久,警察截住了那輛汽車,兩個(gè)賊都被抓獲了”2.shorten(vt)變短，使變短:shortenadress把衣服改短D.常用詞組:1.forshort作為縮寫：He'scalledEdforshort.人們用簡(jiǎn)稱叫他埃德Insummary;briefly.總之；簡(jiǎn)而言之.shortforAnabbreviationof:…的縮寫：EdisshortforEdward.埃德（Ed）是愛(ài)德華（Edward）的縮寫shortofHavinganinadequatesupplyof:…供給不夠的：We'reshortofcash.我們現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)金不足.2.inshort:總之；簡(jiǎn)而言之=inaword3.shortfor;…的縮寫：EdisshortforEdward.埃德（Ed）是愛(ài)德華（Edward）的縮寫4.shortof:…供給不夠的=beoutof…=runoutof..We‘reshortofcash.我們現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)金不足5.cutshort:突然打斷；突然中止Thechairmanhadtocutshorttheproceedings.會(huì)議主席只得提早結(jié)束議程。6.goshort:不足，不夠，缺欠7.runshort(of):用光；用盡；不夠.22.leave的多義及多句式：1.離開(kāi)：從…走出或遠(yuǎn)離:(vi,vt)Sb/sthleave+(地點(diǎn),點(diǎn)動(dòng)作);近義:depart(from+地點(diǎn))比較:1.)sbbeaway(from+地點(diǎn),狀態(tài))Hewillbeawayfortwomonths.他將外出兩個(gè)月。2.)sbbeabsent(from+地點(diǎn),狀態(tài))缺席的；不在場(chǎng)的Heisabsentonbusiness.他因事缺席。HeisabsentfromHongKong.他不在香港。3.)sbabsent(vt)oneselffrom…離開(kāi)，不在場(chǎng)：.Theyabsentedthemselvesfromthedebate.辯論時(shí)他們不在場(chǎng)4.)sbleavefor+地點(diǎn):到/去,/出發(fā)前往某地;近義表示法:a.)setout/offfor+地點(diǎn)b.)startout/offfor+地點(diǎn)c.)head(down)for/to+地點(diǎn)）往…去;走向…；勢(shì)必會(huì)遭遇,Whereareyouheadingfor?你往哪兒去？Thethirstyanimalsheadedforthewater.干渴的動(dòng)物向水走去。You'reheadingforanaccidentifyoudriveafterdrinking.(喻).d.)sbadvanceon+地點(diǎn):前進(jìn)；增進(jìn)TheAlliedtroopsareadvancingonthecampoftheenemy.盟軍正在向敵軍營(yíng)地挺進(jìn)。e.)sbmakeone’swayto+地點(diǎn):前去/去某地f.)sbmakefor+地點(diǎn):移向;走向某地2.留下,遺忘;沒(méi)有拿走或移走:sbleavesth+介詞+地點(diǎn)Ileftmybookonthebus.把我的書忘在公共汽車上了3.留下：某人離開(kāi)或不在時(shí)給予或存放以備使用或告知某事:sbAleavesthforsbB.Heleftanoteforyou.他給你留了封短信。Leaveyournameandaddress.留下你的姓名和地址4.遺贈(zèng):sbAleavesthtosbBShelefthermoneytocharity.她把錢遺贈(zèng)給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)5.交付，托付：轉(zhuǎn)交給另外的人讓他控制或采取行動(dòng)：sbAleavesthtosbBLeaveallthedetailstous.將細(xì)節(jié)都交給我們6.維持：使或允許在或保持某一特定狀態(tài)：a.)AleaveB+adj/adv/n/prep-phr.leavethelightson.讓燈亮著b.)AleaveB+todo/doing/doneLeave構(gòu)成的常用詞組:1.)sbleavesthout:省去/遺漏/不考慮…2.)leavesthoff:停止做或使用3.)leavesthover:留下/剩下…4.)leavesbalone:不打擾某人5.)leaveschool:退學(xué),離校,畢業(yè)*leaver(n):離開(kāi)者,<英>(即將)離校(就業(yè))者.25.order的一詞多義及詞組:1.(發(fā)布)命令(vt,n)：下令：下令做…，發(fā)出指示做…：近義:commandsbAordersbBtodosthsbAorder(that)S+(should)+do/be…/bedoneTheyorderedhimtostop.他們命令他停下。Thegeneraldirectoroftheprojectorderedthatthework(should)bestartedatonce.工程總指揮命令立即開(kāi)始工作。Thegeneralhasorderedanadvance/thatthearmyshouldadvance..將軍已經(jīng)命令部隊(duì)向前推進(jìn)。Themanwasorderedtopay$345forthecostofthetrip.這個(gè)人被責(zé)令為這次旅行交會(huì)345英鎊。命令離開(kāi)；趕出（走）IfyoumakeanymorenoiseIshallorderyououtofthehall!如果你再吵，我就叫你離開(kāi)禮堂！*order(名詞)+thatS+(should)+dosth/be…2.定購(gòu)，預(yù)定,點(diǎn)菜/飯(vt,n);近義詞:book,reserveSbordersth=sbplaceanorderforsth.You'dbetterorderataxi.你最好還是去預(yù)定一輛出租汽車。Hamburgersareorderedthroughawindowintherestaurantandthenarehandedoutthroughthewindowtothewaitingcustomer.“通過(guò)餐館的窗口可以訂購(gòu)漢堡包,然后通過(guò)這個(gè)窗口把漢堡包遞給在外面等候的顧客。”I‘llhaveanorderoffish.我要一客魚。3.順序：一組事物各個(gè)獨(dú)立元素的邏輯的、可理解的安排狀態(tài);秩序：有條理地、有組織地安排各構(gòu)成部分以求達(dá)到正常的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)或良好的外觀的狀態(tài);.情況：總的情形或狀態(tài)：a.)in…order/inorderof…:按…的順序inalphabeticalorder按字母順序;inorderofsize/importance按大小/重要性順序b.)sbkeeporder:維持/遵守秩序c.)ingoodorder:情況良好;井然有序Thetelephoneisoutoforder.電話機(jī)壞了。30.take的特殊含義:1.)持續(xù)，花費(fèi)（時(shí)間）:sthtake+一段時(shí)間Howlongdoestheflighttake?這個(gè)航班要飛多久？.Justaminute,itwon'ttakemelongtochange.等一下,我很快就可以換好衣服。Thisnewpain-killerdoesn'ttakelongtoactonthepain?這種新止痛藥不需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就能發(fā)揮止痛作用2.)需要花人力,物力,精力等:sthtakesth(人力,物力,精力等,)Thatworkwilltakealotofdoing.這件事是不容易做好的。Ittakestwomentodothis.做這項(xiàng)工作需要兩個(gè)人。.3.)花費(fèi)(錢):ittake+錢+todosth;sthtake+錢Ittakesalotofmoneytobuyahouse.買一所房子要花一大筆錢。4.)接受：勉強(qiáng)的或情愿地接受（所欠的、提供的或給予的某物）：takecriticism.接受批評(píng)5.)研讀,攻讀，修（課）Didyoutakehistoryatschool?你在學(xué)校上過(guò)歷史課嗎？takeartlessons:學(xué)藝術(shù)課程；takeSpanish:學(xué)西班牙語(yǔ).take構(gòu)成的重要詞組:1.takeinsb/stha.)讓…進(jìn)入，接納，吸收：允許…進(jìn)來(lái)；接受…為客人或雇員b.)理解：Icouldn‘ttakeinthemeaningoftheword.我不能夠理解這個(gè)詞的含義c.)欺騙，誘騙：Hewastakeninbyaconfidenceartist.他被一名騙人的行家給騙了2.takeonsb:雇；雇傭：Hetookonmoreworkersduringtheharvest.他在收獲期間雇了更多的工人.3.takeupstha.)開(kāi)始從事；專注于Hetookupartwhileatschool.他在學(xué)校時(shí)開(kāi)始對(duì)藝術(shù)感到興趣。b.)繼續(xù)；接下去(做…)Anotherstudenttookupthestory.另一個(gè)學(xué)生接著把故事講下去.c.)用盡，耗掉或占用;占據(jù)時(shí)間,空間Theextradutiestookupmostofmytime.額外工作耗費(fèi)了我絕大部分時(shí)間4.takedownsth:記下：以書寫的形式記錄下來(lái)的.5.takeAforBa.)把A視作B:近義:regard/considerAasBDoyoutakemeforafool?你以為我是個(gè)傻瓜嗎?b.)誤認(rèn)為A是B:近義:mistakeAforBDon'ttakesilenceforapproval.不要把沉默誤認(rèn)為是同意6.takeoversth:接任,接管,接收…;Hetookoverhisfatherbusinessaftergraduation..7.takesthforgranted

想當(dāng)然：認(rèn)為…是真實(shí)的、正確的或會(huì)要發(fā)生的；料想…是正確的8.sbtakeheart:充滿信心或勇氣9.takenoticeofsth:注意到…10.sthtake(one's)breathaway令人窒息：使…進(jìn)入一種敬畏或震驚的狀態(tài)*breath-taking(adj)驚人的11.take(one’s)time;近義:(There’s)nohurry慢慢地行動(dòng)或不急不忙地行動(dòng)比較:takeiteasy=don’tworry.二.重點(diǎn)詞組:2.因?yàn)椤從橙说谋硎痉?sbAexcuse/forgive/pardonsbBforsth/doing…Sheexcusedherselfforbeinglate.她為她的遲到辯解I'llneverforgiveyouforwhatyouhavedonewrongtoyourparents.“你傷害了你的父母,我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)原諒你?！盤ardonmeforinterrupting(you).對(duì)不起打擾(你)了。.*Ifsb.sayssth.thatyoudonothear,youcansay"Ibegyourpardon?"or"Pardon?"sotheywillsayitagain.如果有人說(shuō)什么話你沒(méi)有聽(tīng)見(jiàn)，你可以說(shuō)“對(duì)不起，請(qǐng)?jiān)??！庇谑撬麄儠?huì)再說(shuō)一遍的。*Wemustpardontheyoungmanhislittlefaults.(pardonsb+sth)我們必須寬恕這個(gè)年輕人的小過(guò)錯(cuò)。對(duì)應(yīng)表示法:sbAblamesbBforsth/doingsthsbApunishsbBforsth/doingsth.6.bed構(gòu)成的詞組:a.)makethebed:鋪床b.)getoutofbed=sbgetup=sbrise起身/起床c.)sbAputsbBtobed安頓某人睡覺(jué)d.)sbAsendsbBtobed打發(fā)某人去睡覺(jué)7.day構(gòu)成的詞組:a.)dayin,dayout:不間斷的每一天的；持續(xù)不斷的b.)passthetimeofday:與人閑聊c.)dayabout:每隔一天地=everyotherday=everysecondday.d.)dayoff:休假e.)daybreak:黎明f.)dayboy:走讀生g.)dayorder:當(dāng)天有效的定貨單h.)dayreturn:即日來(lái)回票daytoday:天天,日復(fù)一日8.outof的基本含義及構(gòu)成的重要詞組:a.)表示從…中：fiveoutofsixvotes.六人中有五人投票b.)表示擺脫…/超出…范圍.

outofaction:失去作用;損壞;有故障outofallknowledge:無(wú)法辨認(rèn)的;(變得)認(rèn)不出來(lái)outofbread:[口]失業(yè);outofbreath:上氣不接下氣outofdate:過(guò)時(shí)的,廢棄的;outoffashion:不流行outofallreason:無(wú)理的;outofplay:死球outofcondition:健康狀況不好,保存得不好outofthequestion:不可能C.)表示出于…/由于…;outoffear:由于恐懼/outofgratitude:出于感激/outofhabit:出于習(xí)慣/outofkindness出于仁慈,出于好意/outofpity:出于同情.D.表示不再擁有…的狀態(tài)：We'reoutofcoffee;我們沒(méi)咖啡喝了；Weweretrickedoutofoursavings.我們受騙，把積蓄都花光了outofpractice:荒疏,久不練習(xí);outofstock:已脫銷;outofstore:耗盡9.put構(gòu)成的重要詞組：1.)putupa.)舉起；抬起；張開(kāi)（傘）:putupatent:架起帳篷Putyourhandsup!;Put'emup!舉起手來(lái)!.b.)張貼；公布putupanotice:張貼布告"Jasperhasputup'NoParking'signsoutsidehisgate,butthesehavenothadanyeffect."“賈斯珀把幾塊`禁止停車‘的牌子掛在大門外邊,但這沒(méi)有任何效果。”c.)接待；為…提供食宿；供膳宿Wecanputuptenpeopleforthenightatapinch.必要時(shí)我們可以留宿十個(gè)人。2.)sbputupwithsb/sth:忍受；忍耐；受苦.Ican'tputupwithyourhypocricyanymore.我再也不能容忍你的虛偽態(tài)度了。"Thatwoman,asahousewife,hasalottoputupwith."那個(gè)女人是個(gè)家庭主婦不得不忍受許多煩惱。Wehadtoputupwiththeinconvenience.我們不得不忍受不便之處3.)putacrosssth:解釋；表達(dá)=getacrosssthI'mnotputtingmymeaningacrossverywell.我未把我的意思解釋清楚。.4.)putawaysth:儲(chǔ)存（錢)儲(chǔ)存…備用;儲(chǔ)蓄(=putby)Theboyputthefoodawayinthecupboardafterhefinishedhisdinner.小男孩吃完晚飯后把食品在櫥里放好。5.)putdownstha.)寫下；記下“Putitdowntomyaccount,please.”請(qǐng)記在我的帳上。b.)結(jié)束；抑制：制止，取締：使變得不起作用：putdownarebellion:鎮(zhèn)壓了一起暴亂putdownrumors:制止流言.6.)putforwardsth:提出（意見(jiàn)、建議）"In1860,abetterplanwasputforwardbyanEnglishman,WilliamLow."“1860年,一個(gè)名叫威廉.婁的英國(guó)人提出了一項(xiàng)更好的計(jì)劃。”7.)putoffsth/doingsth:延期；推遲Don'tputoffuntiltomorrowwhatcanbedonetoday.今日可做的事不要拖到明天。putoffpayingthebills:拖延付清帳單8.)putout:熄滅：putoutafire.Pleaseputoutthelightbeforeyougotobed.上床之前請(qǐng)把燈關(guān)掉..10.air構(gòu)成的詞組：1.)intheopenair:在戶外,露天=outofthedoors=outdoors2.)ontheair:在廣播3.)intheair:在空中;廣泛的；流行的：Excitementwasintheair.到處充滿了興奮之情14(a)orrather:moreexactly;moreaccurately:更確切地；更精確地：He'smyfriend,orratherhewasmyfriend.他是我的朋友，不過(guò)更確切地說(shuō)，他曾經(jīng)是我的朋友14(b)lateron=later=afterwards后來(lái)，過(guò)后."Manyyearslater,inWashington,D.C.,hespoketoacrowdof250,000people.""許多年以后,在華盛頓特區(qū),他向二十五萬(wàn)美國(guó)人民發(fā)表了演說(shuō)。""Later,theCrystalPalacewasmovedtoSouthLondon."后來(lái)`水晶宮'搬到了倫敦南郊。Butsometimelateritbegantorain.但過(guò)了些時(shí)候開(kāi)始下雨了。I‘lltellyouallaboutitlateron.晚些時(shí)候我再把有關(guān)這一切告訴你。.比較:1.)late:aftertheexpected,usual,orpropertime:遲：比預(yù)期的，通常的或適合的時(shí)間晚：atrainthatarrivedlate;火車晚點(diǎn)；Hewokelateandhadtoskipbreakfast.他起床遲了，不得不不吃早點(diǎn)"Lateintheafternoon,theboysputuptheirtentinthemiddleofafield.""傍晚,孩子們?cè)谔锏氐漠?dāng)中搭起了帳篷。""Thebushwasplantedlateintheseason.灌木是在季末才種上的。.比較:(2)lately:recently/oflate不久前；最近:主要與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用,偶爾也與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用Haveyoubeenonabuslately?你最近乘過(guò)公共汽車嗎？Itisonly/justlatelythatIgotacopyofthenovel.最近我才弄到一本這部小說(shuō)。15.on表示“在行動(dòng)中,作用中”a.)beon+n:beonleave/onfire/ontheway.休假；著火；在途中b.)sthbeon:Thereisapartyontonight.今晚要舉行一個(gè)聚會(huì)Thetelevisionison.電視機(jī)是開(kāi)著的.Theparadeison.游行在進(jìn)行c.)beona/an+nbeonavisittosb/sth:訪問(wèn)某人/參觀某地/在...家里作客beonavacationtrip:在度假旅行beonawalk:在散步的時(shí)候21.passsthon(tosb)=handsthdown(tosb)=passsthdown(tosb)傳下來(lái)；傳給（后代）Thesejewelshavebeenpasseddowninourfamilyfromgenerationtogenerationforhundredsofyears.這些珠寶在我們家代代相傳已有好幾百年的歷史了。.比較:sbpassaway:去世；死(=passon,passover)23.send構(gòu)成的重要詞組：1.sbsendforsb/sth:召喚,派人去請(qǐng)某人/拿某物L(fēng)et'ssendforhamburgers.讓我們派人去找漢堡吧2.sbsendupsth發(fā)出,射出,長(zhǎng)出,3.sb/sthsendsb+adj:使…陷入；使處于（某種狀態(tài)）Thisnoisewillsendmemad.這吵聲會(huì)使我發(fā)瘋。4.sb/sthsendsb/sthdoingsth導(dǎo)致/使某人做某事Youmustsendsomeonehandlingtheaccident..Theearthquakesentallthepeoplerushingoutoftherooms.24.sbgettodo(常用:toknow/tosee/torealize/tounderstand/towonder)某人漸漸開(kāi)始…27.oneself構(gòu)成的重要詞組:1.)2.)5.)6.)7.)9.)10.)..9、靜夜四無(wú)鄰，荒居舊業(yè)貧。。2023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202310、雨中黃葉樹(shù)，燈下白頭人。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/20239:50:55AM11、以我獨(dú)沈久，愧君相見(jiàn)頻。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Jan-2311-Jan-2312、故人江海別，幾度隔山川。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202313、乍見(jiàn)翻疑夢(mèng)，相悲各問(wèn)年。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/202314、他鄉(xiāng)生白發(fā)，舊國(guó)見(jiàn)青山。。11一月20232023/1/112023/1/112023/1/1115、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。。。一月232023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/202316、行動(dòng)出成果，工作出財(cái)富。。2023/1/112023/1/1111January202317、做前，能夠環(huán)