禮儀祝辭屬于演辭式話語

Unit5InterpretingCeremonialSpeeches

□禮儀祝辭屬于“演辭式話語”，它在口譯中最為常見，最能體現(xiàn)譯員的口譯水平?！跤柧氈幸乐梗和纳x，詞匯貧乏，句型單一的現(xiàn)象。基本詞匯開幕/閉幕式opening/closingceremony

開幕詞openingspeech/address

致開幕詞makeanopeningspeech

友好訪問goodwillvisit閣下Your/His/HerHonor/Excellency

貴賓distinguishedguest

尊敬的市長先生RespectedMr.Mayor

遠道而來/來自大洋彼岸的朋友friendscomingfromadistantland/theothersideofthePacific

東道國hostcountry宣布……開幕declare……open

值此之際ontheoccasionof

借此機會takethisopportunityto

以……名義inthenameof

本著……精神inthespiritof

代表onthebehalfof

由衷的謝意heartfeltthanks

友好款待gracioushospitality

正式邀請officialinvitation

回顧過去lookbackon

展望未來lookahead/lookintothefuture

最后inclosing

圓滿成功acompletesuccess

提議祝酒proposeatoast一貫奉行

in

persistent

pursuit

of

平等互利

equality

and

mutual

benefit

雙邊關(guān)系

bilateral

relations

持久和平

lasting

peace典型例句

1.我愿借此機會，代表我們代表團的全體成員，對我們東道主的誠摯邀請，表示真誠的謝意。

Onthebehalfofallthemembersofmymission,Iwouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressoursincerethankstoourhostfortheirearnestinvitation.

2.現(xiàn)在，我愉快地宣布第二十二屆萬國郵政聯(lián)盟大會開幕。

Now,Ihavethepleasuretodeclarethe22ndUniversalPostalCongressopen.

3.我很榮幸地代表中國政府和人民向來自聯(lián)合王國的代表團表示熱烈的歡迎。

IhavethehonortoexpressthiswarmwelcomeonbehalfoftheChineseGovernmentandpeopletothedelegationfromtheUnitedKingdom.

4.我謹向各位表示最熱烈的歡迎。

Iwouldliketoextendmywarmestwelcometoallofyou.

5.我預祝大會圓滿成功！

Iwishtheconferenceacompletesuccess!BeginningItiswithgreatpleasurethatI…Ihavethegreatpleasureto…Itgivesmegreatpleasureto…Ihavethehonortoextend,onbehalfof…ourwelcometothe…Allowmetoexpressourwarmwelcomeandcordialgreetingstoourdistinguishedguestscomingfromafar.Weareveryproudandhonoredtoreceivesuchagroupofdistinguishedentrepreneurs.Thisisalsoaveryhappyandmemorableoccasionformepersonally.Todayweareespeciallypleasedandhappytoreceivethedelegationledby…Weassembleheretodaywithgreatelationtowelcome…Wearehappytocelebratethisgloriousfestivaltogetherwith…Weareverymuchhonoredandpleasedtogiveabanquetthiseveninginhonorof…andtheotherdistinguishedguestsfrom…whohavecometovisit…attheinvitationof….Yourpresenceaddsmuchtoourfestivejoy.Withgreatelationandpleasure,we….Withprofoundandamicablesentimentsforyourpeople,we….

EndingIwishtoexpressmyheartfeltthankstoyou.Thankyousomuchfor…inspiteofyourbusyschedule.Andthatconcludesmyspeech.I’dliketoend/concludemyspeech.Thankyouforyourattention.

ClassPerforming課堂練習

I.Decoding--NotesTaking（筆記記錄）ListentotherecordingsofTexts.Trytocatchthemainideasofthespeech.Notedownthekeypointswhileyouarelistening.Thentellthemainideasofthespeechwiththehelpofyournotes.II.Memorizing--StoryRetelling（故事復述）ListentotherecordingsofTextsagain.Trytocatchmoredetailsandimproveyournotes.Thenretellthespeechinyourownwordswiththehelpofyournotes.III.Encoding--MessageReconstructing（信息重組）ListentotherecordingsofTextsparagraphbyparagraph.Takenoteswhennecessaryandstartinterpretingduringthepauses.TechniquesIntroductionIShort-termPreparation（譯前準備）Short-termpreparationininterpretingreferstothejobthatcanonlybepreparedshortlybeforetheinterpretingtaskistaken.Incontrastwithlong-termpreparation,short-termpreparationismoredirectandconcrete,aseachinterpretingtaskisdifferentfromoneanother.Theinterpreterworksfordifferentspeakersandondifferentsubjects.Inrealinterpretingsituations,pre-interpretingpreparationisusuallyreferredtoasshort-termpreparation.QuestionsWhattoprepare?Howtoprepare?WhattoPrepare?Afteraninterpreterhasacceptedaninterpretingassignment,theyshallstarttoprepareforthetaskimmediately.Followingsaretheessentialitemsthattheinterpretershallprepare.1.MeetingDocumentsThemeetingdocumentsareagreathelptotheinterpreters.Itisadvisableforinterpreterstoasktheorganizertoprovidethecompletedocumentation（文件）andbackgroundinformationforthetaskasearlyaspossible,suchasthemeetingschedule（時間表）,listofparticipants（參加者）,introductionofthekeynotespeakers（主題發(fā)言人）etc.Hemusttrytounderstand“whoisthespeaker?whatisthesubject?whatistheoccasion?whoistheaudience?andwhattypeofspeechisit?”.2.AGlossaryList

Aftergettingthedocuments,theinterpreteristhenabletoknowthetopicsandsubjectsheisgoingtodealwith.Atthistime,anexperiencedinterpreterwillworkoutalistofglossaryandterminology（術(shù)語）hewillpotentiallyencounterininterpreting.Apreparedglossarylistsometimeshelpstheinterpreteroutwhenhecomesacrossnewwords.3.Dictionaries,NotebooksandPensInterpretingisoftendoneinanuncertainsituation.Therearealwayssomewordsandexpressionsbeyondtheinterpreter’smindandpreparation.Inthiscase,someclassifieddictionaries（分類詞典）maybeofgreathelp.Anexperiencedinterpreteralwaysbringscertaindictionaries,whichtheycanconsultwheneverpossible.Inaddition,note-booksandpensarealsonecessaryininterpreting.Asinterpretersusuallytakenotesininterpreting,twotop-openingnotebooks（豎翻式筆記本）andknock-gellpens（按壓式水筆）arethereforerecommendedforinterpreterstocarry.Suchnotebooksandpensareeasilyhandledininterpretingsituations.4.DressesandNameCardsInaddition,interpretersshouldknowthegeneraldresscode（著裝要求）beforethemeetingstarts.Interpretersarealwaysexpectedtodressappropriatelyandbehaverespectfullywhentheyattendthemeeting.Moreover,businesscards（名片）arealsonecessaryasinterpreterssometimesreceivenamecardsfromtheorganizerandthespeakers.Therefore,interpretersshouldpreparetheirowncardstooffertheminreturn.Otherwise,itwouldmakethemembarrassed.HowtoPrepare?

Thefollowingthreewaysaresuggestedthatinterpreterdowhenmakingshort-termpre-interpretingpreparation.1.ReadthroughtheRelevantDocumentsBeforeaninterpreterbeginstowork,heshouldreadthroughthedocumentsheisabletoobtainandorganizeallthedocumentsinaneasilyrecognizablewaysothathecanfindthemimmediatelywhenthespeakerisdeliveringhisspeech.Ifhehastranslatedsomeofthetextsbeforehand,heshouldalsoclassifythetranslatedtextsandputtheminorder.2.SurftheInternetThereisplentyofinformationinInternet.Bysurfingthenet,theinterpretermayfindsomeimportantinformationthatisrelatedtotheinterpretingtasks,suchasthebackgroundofthekey-notespeakers;theintroductiontotherelatedorganizationsetc..ItissuggestedthatinterpretersfindanInternetaccessandmakefulluseofit.3.ContacttheOrganizerandtheSpeakerBriefings（碰頭會）arepotentiallyaveryusefulpartofadvancepreparation.Theyaremeetingsorganizedfortheinterpreter,withtheparticipationoftheorganizerandthespeakers.Atthebriefing,theinterpretercanaskspecificquestionsandgetsomegeneralinformation.Sometimes,somespeakershavestrongaccents.Ifpossible,interpretersshouldattemptchancetotalkpersonallywithsuchparticipantsbeforetherealtaskbeginssoastobefamiliarwiththeiraccentsandimprovetheaccuracyoftheinterpretation.4.PrepareaquestionlistBeforetakingtheinterviewwiththeorganizerandthespeaker,interpretersaresupposedtoprepareaquestionlist（提問單）inadvance,asboththeorganizerandthespeakerareusuallyratherbusy.Thequestionsmustbetothepoint.Apreparedquestionlistwillbeofgreathelpduringtheinterviews.Followingisasamplequestionlist:TextsInterpretationText1RevisitingtheoldhauntText2ApleasanttripText3OurfutureText4AnewlongMarchRevisitingtheoldhauntVocabulary:World-renownedLongMarchDiversitynever…otherthan…DynamisminthiscontextAspecialregardNostalgicMemorableUtmostcourtesyExtensiveOvershadowNon-governmentalsectorFoundationsMutualbenefitGoodfaithStrategicrelationshipflourishClassexerciseI.Decoding--NotesTaking（筆記記錄）ListentotherecordingsofText.Trytocatchthemainideasofthespeech.Notedownthekeypointswhileyouarelistening.Thentellthemainideasofthespeechwiththehelpofyournotes.II.Memorizing--StoryRetelling（故事復述）ListentotherecordingsofTextsagain.Trytocatchmoredetailsandimproveyournotes.Thenretellthespeechinyourownwordswiththehelpofyournotes.III.Encoding--MessageReconstructing（信息重組）ListentotherecordingsofTextsparagraphbyparagraph.Takenoteswhennecessaryandstartinterpretingduringthepauses.Homework:Listentothefourpassagesinunit5sentencebysentenceanddointerpretation.Payattentiontothoseidiomaticexpressionsofextendingwelcome,thanksandcongratulations.5-3Ourfuture

5-4ANewLongMarchEnglish-ChineseInterpretingTechniques:AttributiveClauseInterpretingParallelClauseInterpretingAttributiveClauseInterpreting1.前置法：Front-positioning2.后置法：Post-positioningAttributiveClauseInterpreting1.前置法：把定語從句翻譯到所修飾的先行詞前面，可以用“的”來連接。

例句：

Spaceandoceansarethenewworldwhichscientistsaretryingtoexplore.

太空和海洋是科學家們努力探索的新領(lǐng)域。

Onbehalfofallmycolleaguespresenthere,IwishtothankyoufortheincomparablehospitalityforwhichtheChinesepeoplearejustlyfamousthroughouttheworld.Iaskallofyoupresenttojoinmeinraisingyourglassestothefriendshipandcooperationofourtwopeopleswhichcanleadtofriendshipandpeaceforallpeoplesintheworld.

Aretheydestinedtodiepainfullyforthehatredswhichhaveplaguedtheoldworld,oraretheydestinedtolivejoyfullybecausewehadthevisiontobuildanewworld?Thisisthehour.Thisisthedayforustorisetotheheightsofgreatnesswhichcanbuildanewandbetterworld.

譯1：時不我待，這是一個攀登崇高理想、創(chuàng)造更美好的新世界的時刻。

譯2：時不我待，對于我們這兩個能夠使世界變得更加美好的民族而言，這一天，是我們向偉大境地邁進的日子。

譯3：只爭朝夕。正是我們攀登崇高理想的高峰，建立更美好的新世界的時候了。

2.

后置法：把定語從句翻譯在所修飾的先行詞后面，翻譯為并列分句。英語的從句結(jié)構(gòu)常常比較復雜，如果翻譯在其修飾的先行詞前面的話，會顯得定語太臃腫，而無法敘述清楚。這時，可以把定語從句翻譯在先行詞后面，譯成并列分句。翻譯時可以用兩種方法來處理。（一）重復先行詞(antecedentsrepetition)（二）省略先行詞(antecedentsomits)（一）重復先行詞由于定語從句的先行詞通常在定語從句中充當句子成分，如果單獨把定語從句翻譯出來的話，常常需要重復先行詞，還可以用代詞代替先行詞來重復。

例句：

ItoldthestorytoJohn,whotoldittohisbrother.

他把這件事告訴了約翰，約翰又告訴了他的弟弟。So,letusstartalongmarchtogetherondifferentroadsleadingtothesamegoal,thegoalofbuildingaworldstructureofpeaceandjusticeinwhichallmaystandtogetherwithequaldignityandinwhicheachnation,largeorsmall,hasarighttodetermineitsownformofgovernment,itsowncourseifdevelopment,freeofoutsideinterference.（二）省略先行詞如果把定語從句翻譯在先行詞后面，在“通順、完整”的前提下，有時候可以不用重復先行詞。例句：

Theyworkedoutanewmethodbywhichproductionhasnowbeenrapidlyincreased.

他們制定出一種新方案，采用之后生產(chǎn)已迅速得到提高。ParallelClauseInterpreting

Parallelstructuremeansusingthesamepatternofwordstoshowthattwoormoreideashavethesamelevelofimportance.Thiscanhappenattheword,phrase,orclauselevel.Theusualwaytojoinparallelstructuresiswiththeuseofcoordinatingconjunctionssuchas"and"or"or."Ininterpretingparallels,interpretersshouldtrytokeeptheoriginalrhythmofthesourceutterance.

例句：

Thecoachtoldtheplayersthattheyshouldget

alotofsleep,noteat

toomuch,anddo

somewarm-upexercisesbeforethegame.

Theworldwatches.Theworldlistens.Theworldwaitstoseewhatwewilldo.IhavenottocometoChinatoholdforthonwhatdividesus,buttobuildonwhatbindsus.Ihavenotcometodwellonacloseddoorpast,buttourgethatAmericansandChineselooktothebeautifulfuture.Sentencesi