高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課件：必修5 Unit 1

必修5Unit1Greatscientists考點(diǎn)要求Ⅰ.寫(xiě)出下列必考單詞1.特征,特性n._____________2.病毒n._____________3.建設(shè),結(jié)構(gòu),建筑物n._____________4.熟練的，經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的；專(zhuān)家，行家adj.＆n._________5.詢(xún)問(wèn)n._____________6.熱情的,熱心的adj._____________7.積極的,肯定的,確實(shí)的adj._____________8.小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的adj._____________9.圖表n._____________10.醫(yī)生,內(nèi)科醫(yī)生n._____________characteristicvirusconstructionexpertenquiryenthusiasticpositivecautiouschartphysicianpassivephysicistsurgeonⅡ.寫(xiě)出下列單詞的變化形式1.結(jié)論,結(jié)束(n.)____________;結(jié)論,結(jié)束,推斷(v.)_____________2.加,增加(v.)______________;增加,加法(n.)_____________;額外的，增加的（adj.）_____________3.貢獻(xiàn),奉獻(xiàn),捐助（vt.＆vi.）_____________;貢獻(xiàn),奉獻(xiàn)（n.）______________4.科學(xué)的(adj.)_____________;科學(xué)(n.)_____________;科學(xué)家（n.）______________5.貴重的,有價(jià)值的(adj.)_____________;價(jià)值(n.)_____________;無(wú)價(jià)值的(adj.)_____________valuelessconclusionconcludeaddadditionadditionalcontributecontributionscientificsciencescientistvaluablevalue◆活學(xué)活用用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.It_______thathedidn，ttellusthetruth.Icametothe__________thathewaslying.(conclude)2.Thegovernmentisprovidingan________＄25milliontoexpandtheproject,whichwill_______toourtotalfund.(addition)3.Thisworkhas______himforseveralyears.Heseemedtotally_______inhiswork.(absorb)4.Thewriterpersonally_______￡5000totheearthquakefund.Allthe______willbegratefullyreceived.(contribute)wasconcluded

conclusionadditionalbeaddedabsorbedabsorbed

contributedcontributions5.The__________tookavery_______approachto____________.(scientific)6.Don，t_______.Shestaysperfectlystill.Sheobservesthegentle_____________ofthesnake.(move)

scientistscientific

sciencemovemovementⅢ.翻譯下列必背短語(yǔ)1.提出（建議等）_______________2.得出結(jié)論_________________3.有意義,有道理_______________4.并且,另外_______________5.對(duì)……嚴(yán)格要求__________________6.除了……之外_______________7.減慢_______________8.對(duì)……好奇________________9.調(diào)查_(kāi)______________10.在……的控制之下_________________putforwarddrawaconclusionmakesenseinadditionbestrict/severewithapartfromslowdownbecuriousaboutlookintounderthecontrolof11.通向，導(dǎo)致____________________12.因某事責(zé)備某人____________________13.專(zhuān)心____________________14.對(duì)某事熱心___________________________leadtoblamesb.forsth.beabsorbedinbeenthusiasticfor/aboutsth.◆活學(xué)活用根據(jù)括號(hào)中的解釋?zhuān)瑥恼n文中找出恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)完成下列句子。1.Aworkingpartyhasbeensetupto_____________theproblem.(investigateorexamine)2.Atyesterday，smeeting,he__________aproposalbutwasrefusedbyallbecauseitwasnotpractical.(suggestsomethingfordiscussion).3.Itdoesn，t__________tobuythatexpensivecoatwhenthesecheaperonesarejustasgood(besensible).lookintoputforwardmakesense4.Beforethemeetingwasover,thepresident_____________thatthecompanyhadbeenrunningsmoothlythisyear.(toconclude)5.____________hisnose,he，squitegood-looking(exceptfor).drew/madeaconclusionApartfromchallengedefeatabsorbblamerejectcontrolsuspectexposecurepolluteinstructannounceconstruct◆活學(xué)活用用上述動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Completely_____________inhiswork,hedidn，tnoticeastrangerenterhisoffice.2.Justthenthebellrang,___________theendofclass.Ⅳ.單元重點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞absorbedannouncing3.Almosttwothirdsofthefishintheponddiedoveranight.Yethedidn，tknowwhatwas_____________.4._____________thelongestbridgeinAsia,thecompanybecamefamousalloverthecountry.5.You_____________wheretogoassoonastheplaneisready.6._____________hismotherofthestrangedisease,hedidalotofresearchwork.toblameHavingconstructedwillbeinstructedTocurechallengedefeatabsorbblamerejectcontrolsuspectexposecurepolluteinstructannounceconstructⅤ.重點(diǎn)句型Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.（P2）每次瘟疫爆發(fā)，數(shù)以千計(jì)的人們?cè)诳謶种兴廊?。everytime...在此句中相當(dāng)于一個(gè)從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句?！艋顚W(xué)活用模仿造句。(1)每當(dāng)我去找她,她都在專(zhuān)心看書(shū)。_____________Iwenttoseeher,she_____________reading.(2)每次我看到這張老照片，我都會(huì)想起初中時(shí)的同桌。_____________________________________________EverytimewasabsorbedinEverytimeIseetheoldphoto,Iwillthinkofmydeskmateintheprimaryschool.Ⅵ.語(yǔ)篇領(lǐng)悟根據(jù)課文JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”完成下列短文JohnSnow,awell-knowndoctorinLondon,became1(inspire)whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeoplewho2(expose)tocholera,a3(die)diseaseofitsday.Manythousandsofpeopledied4therewasanoutbreakbecausenooneknewthecauseofit.Johnwantedtohelpsolvetheproblem.Hegotinterestedintwotheories5(explain)howcholerakilledpeople.Hebelievedinthesecondtheory6suggestedthatpeople7(absorb)thediseasewiththeir答案：1.inspired2.wereexposed3.deadly4.when/whenever5.explaining6.that7.absorbed8.outbreak9.With10.toblamemeals.In1854,whenanother8hitLondon,hewasreadytotestthetwotheories.9thehelpofthemaphemade,hegotavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthediseaseandwasabletoannouncethatthewaterwas10(blame).Ⅶ.考點(diǎn)活用用本單元所學(xué)詞組、句型翻譯下列短文在歷史的長(zhǎng)河中，科學(xué)家為這個(gè)世界做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。我認(rèn)為，科學(xué)家就是那些在工作中嚴(yán)格要求自己及專(zhuān)注于他們所從事的每件事的人。好的科學(xué)家從不莽撞地做出結(jié)論。反之，他對(duì)自己所提出的結(jié)論都極為謹(jǐn)慎，為此，他可以一次又一次做實(shí)驗(yàn)?？茖W(xué)家都牢記這么一點(diǎn)：一個(gè)理論如果無(wú)法幫助世人從不可預(yù)料的困境中解脫的話(huà)，就不能稱(chēng)之為好理論。而且，好的理論應(yīng)該是可以為其它理論的建立提供基礎(chǔ)的。因此，我們不難看到科學(xué)家們耗盡一生的心血，只為找到一個(gè)放諸四海而皆準(zhǔn)的理論。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Throughouthistory,scientistshavemadegreatcontributionstotheworld.Inmyopinion,scientistsarethosewhoarestrictintheirworkandarealwaysabsorbedineverythingtheydo.Agoodscientistneverjumpstoaconclusion.Instead,heiscautiousofeveryconclusionhedrawssothathedoesexperimentsagainandagaintotestthetheoryhehasputforward.Scientistskeepitinmindthatatheorymakesnosenseifitcan，thelptheworldthatisexposedtounexpecteddangers.Inaddition,agoodtheorymustbeabaseonwhichotherideascanbebuilt.Becauseofthis,it，snotrareforustofindscientistswhodevotealltheirlifetoauniversaltheory.自主學(xué)習(xí)1.conclusionn.結(jié)論，推論◆詞語(yǔ)拓展drawaconclusioncometoaconclusionreachaconclusionmakeaconclusionleaptoaconclusionjumptoaconclusion貿(mào)然決定/過(guò)早下結(jié)論inconclusion最后,總之句型:Sestotheconclusionthat...所得結(jié)論是……,斷定得出結(jié)論◆即學(xué)即練根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。(1)Thedoctor_____________(斷定)thatthepatient，sdiseasewascancer.(2)_____________(最后),Iwishyouallgoodhealthandalonglife.(3)Wecould_____________(得出結(jié)論)thathedidn，ttellusthetruth.(4)Whatdoyou___________?(從這些事實(shí)中你得出結(jié)論)(5)They____________fromthefacts.(得出了不同的結(jié)論)(6)_____________(請(qǐng)不要貿(mào)然下結(jié)論)beforeyoumakeathoroughinvestigationaboutit.cametotheconclusionToconclude/InconclusiondrawaconclusionconcludefromthesefactsdrewdifferentconclusionsDon，tleaptoanyconclusion2....heattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.（P2）維多利亞女王都聘他為私人醫(yī)生。閱讀下列句子,注意attend的搭配及意思。Onlyafewfriendsattendedtheirwedding.(出席，參加)Sheisattendinguponthepatient.(照看；看護(hù),常與on/upon連用)Attendtoworkandstoptalking.(attendto致力于；專(zhuān)心于)專(zhuān)心工作，不要說(shuō)話(huà)?！艏磳W(xué)即練根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。(1)Themanagerdecided_____________(出席會(huì)議)himself.(2)Thenaughtyboy_____________(一直不專(zhuān)心)duringthelessonsthisterm.(3)Mrs.Thomashasagooddoctor_____________(看護(hù))hersickmother.toattendthemeetinghasn，tbeenattendingattendingon/upon3.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.（P2）但當(dāng)他一想到要幫助那些得了霍亂的老百姓,他就感到很振奮?！魵w納總結(jié)inspiresb.withcourage鼓起某人的勇氣inspiresb.withsth.激發(fā)某人的某種感情inspireosb.把某種思想灌輸給某人◆即學(xué)即練A.根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。(1)We_______________(受鼓舞)bytheinspiringnews.(2)Thegoodnews_______________.(鼓起我們的希望)(3)Magnificentviewsoverthecountrysidehaveoften_______________.(激發(fā)人們寫(xiě)詩(shī))

areinspiredinspireduswithhopeinspiredpeopletowritepoems◆歸納總結(jié)expose暴露；揭露；使曝光exposuren.面臨；遭受；揭露beexposedto...置身于；暴露于◆即學(xué)即練B.根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。(1)Asajournalistinthewar,hewas_____________.(置身于喪生的危險(xiǎn)之中)(2)Thebabywasleft_____________(被棄于)thewindandrain.(3)Thesoldiersintheopenfield_____________(暴露于)theenemy，sfire.(4)Myjobasajournalist_____________.(就是揭露事實(shí))exposedtothedangeroflosinghislifeexposedtoareexposedtoistoexposethetruth4.Neitheritscause,noritscurewasunderstood.(P4)人們既不知道它的病原,也不知道它的治療方法。◆歸納總結(jié)curesb.ofadisease治愈某人某病acureforadisease醫(yī)治某種疾病的方法/藥acureforsth.解決某事的方法/對(duì)策◆詞語(yǔ)辨析cure；treat；heal與recover（1）cure意為“治療；治愈”，多用于用藥物治療并治愈某種疾病或改正不良習(xí)氣,強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。（2）treat為日常用語(yǔ)，意為“治療；醫(yī)治”，指治療病人的全過(guò)程或活動(dòng)。（3）heal意為“治愈（傷口）；醫(yī)治”，使傷口愈合。（4）recover意思為“痊愈,復(fù)原”，常與from連用。

◆即學(xué)即練選用上述單詞或短語(yǔ)填空。(1)Thatwill_____________himofhisbadhabits.(2)Thereareonlytwodoctorsto_____________morethan50patients.(3)Thewoundonmyarm_____________.(4)He，snowfully_____________fromhisbadcold.(5)Atpresent,people_____________.(尚未找到愛(ài)滋病的療法)curetreathashealedrecoveredhavenotfoundacureforAIDS5.Heknewitwouldneverbecontrolleduntilitscausewasfound.（P2）他知道，在找到病源之前，疫情是無(wú)法控制的?！魵w納總結(jié)controln.&v.指揮,管理,控制outofcontrol失去控制；無(wú)法管理inthecontrol(of)由……控制著undercontrol(被）控制著beyondcontrol無(wú)法控制losecontrolof失去控制◆即學(xué)即練選用上述短語(yǔ)完成下列小片段。Alltheirmoneywas（1）_____________Black,buthewasnotcontent.Hewanted（2）_____________(控制妻子),whichmadeherangry.Soshedeclaredtodivorceherhusband.ItwasthenthatBlackrealizedeverythingwent（3）_____________.inthecontroloftocontrolhiswifeoutofcontrol6.Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.（P2）第二種看法是在吃飯的時(shí)候人們把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的。閱讀下列句子,注意suggest的搭配及意思。溫馨提示：suggest后接從句。表示“建議某人做某事”，從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即should+動(dòng)詞原形，也可以省去should，單用動(dòng)詞原形。suggest表“意味著；暗示；使人想起”時(shí)，后面的從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣?！艏磳W(xué)即練A.完成下列小片段。Tom(1)_____________(建議他們應(yīng)該和母親住一起),butherwife，slongface(2)_____________.(表明她不贊成這個(gè)想法)Shealso(3)_____________(反對(duì)他的建議)thattheyshouldemployanursetolookaftertheoldlady.

答案：(1)suggestedthattheyshouldlivetogetherwiththeirmother(2)suggestedthatshedidn，tliketheidea(3)rejectedthesuggestion◆歸納總結(jié)beabsorbedby被……吞并；為……所吸收o吸引……到……absorbone，sattention吸引某人注意absorbone，stime占用某人的時(shí)間beabsorbedinsth.專(zhuān)心于某事答案：◆即學(xué)即練B.根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。(1)Marywasso_____________(專(zhuān)心看小說(shuō))thatshedidn，trealizethefoodhadgotburnt.(2)Aspirinisquickly_____________.(被身體吸收)(3)Hisinterestingteachingmethod_____________.(吸引學(xué)生的注意)(1)absorbedinreadingthenovel(2)absorbedby/intothebody(3)absorbs/drawsthestudents，attention7.Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.(P2)看來(lái)水是罪魁禍?zhǔn)??！魵w納總結(jié)blamevt.意為“責(zé)備；責(zé)怪；歸咎于”的意思。常用結(jié)構(gòu):blamesb.forsth.=blamesth.onsb.把某事歸咎于某人；betoblame.應(yīng)受責(zé)備,應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任(不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))；blamen.意為“責(zé)任；責(zé)怪”。常見(jiàn)搭配有：bear/take/accept/gettheblameforsth.對(duì)某事承擔(dān)責(zé)任;lay/puttheblameforsth.onsb.把某事歸咎于某人。◆即學(xué)即練將下列句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)。(1)我們不應(yīng)該把失敗歸咎于他。_________________________________________(2)他們怪罪秘書(shū)造成計(jì)劃延誤。_________________________________________(3)我們認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該怪罪李平。_________________________________________Weshouldn，tlaytheblameforourfailureonhim.Theyblamedthesecretaryforthedelayoftheplan.Wedon，tthinkLiPingistoblame.8.Finally“Kingcholerawasdefeated.”（P3）最后，“霍亂王”被擊敗了。Histeamhassuffered5defeats.他的球隊(duì)已經(jīng)輸了五場(chǎng)。JackdefeatedMikebyaboutameterandwontheraceatlast.杰克以大約一米的優(yōu)勢(shì)擊敗了邁克，最后贏(yíng)得了比賽。

◆詞語(yǔ)辨析win;beat;defeatwin“贏(yíng)得”賽事、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、某物,賓語(yǔ)是game、prize等物（不是人）；后接人時(shí)，意為“爭(zhēng)取贏(yíng)得……的好感或支持，說(shuō)服”。beat“戰(zhàn)勝”、“擊敗”比賽中的對(duì)手，可與defeat互換。另外，beat還有“（連續(xù)）擊打”,“控制”等意思?！艏磳W(xué)即練從win,beat,defeat中選擇合適的詞的正確形式填空。(1)Thearmy_____________theenemyintheend.(2)Tomsufferedthe_____________intheEnglishexamination.(3)Theathlete________hiscompetitorsand________thegoldmedal.defeateddefeatdefeatedwon寫(xiě)作步步高如何寫(xiě)好建議信◆技巧點(diǎn)撥建議信是針對(duì)某事向?qū)Ψ教岢瞿愫侠砘慕ㄗh或忠告，使對(duì)方接受你的想法、主張，從而達(dá)到解決相關(guān)問(wèn)題的目的。建議信可以是寫(xiě)給個(gè)人的，通常是就某個(gè)問(wèn)題提出自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)和看法；也可以是寫(xiě)給某個(gè)組織或機(jī)構(gòu)的，通常是就改進(jìn)其服務(wù)等方面提出建議或忠告。寫(xiě)建議信的注意事項(xiàng)如下：1.信文要素要齊全,包括信頭（寫(xiě)信人的地址和寫(xiě)信日期）、稱(chēng)呼、正文、結(jié)束語(yǔ)和簽名。有時(shí)信頭和信內(nèi)地址可省略。2.建議要簡(jiǎn)明扼要，語(yǔ)氣要禮貌中肯，論述要有邏輯，合情合理，突出重點(diǎn)。常用句型：提出建議的過(guò)渡句型：Hereismysuggestion.Mysuggestionisasfollows:I，mmorethangladtogiveyoumyadvice.Pleaseallowmetogivemysu