初中英語情態(tài)動詞表推測練習題

★★★★★情態(tài)動詞表推測【2013天津】—Whereareyougoingthismonth?—WegotoXiamen,butwe'renotsure.A.needn'tB.mustC.mightD.mustn't【2013四川南充】—Excuseme,whosebookisthis?—ItbeJohn's.Ithashisnameonit.A.mustB.needC.can't【2013湖南益陽】24.ThemanbemyEnglishteacher.HehasgonetoCanada.A.mightB.mustC.can't【2013江蘇鹽城】一Areyouinahurry?—NO,I'vegotplentyoftimeIwait.A.canB.can'tC.mustD.mustn't【2013福建泉州】一Haveyoudecidedwheretogoforyoursummervacation?一Notyet.WegotoQingdao.It'sagoodplaceforvacation.A.mayB.needC.must【2013山東濰坊】21.Youmustn'tgooffonyourown,becauseyougetlostinthemountains.A.shouldB.mustC.needD.might【2013湖南株洲】Oh,it'sraininghard.Becareful!Theroadbewet.A.couldB.mustC.might【2013黑龍江綏化】一WhoseT-shirtisthis?一ItbeJohn's.It'ssmallforhimA.can't;muchtooB.can't;toomuchC.mustn't;toomuch【2013湖北黃岡】一Who'sthemanoverthere?IsitMr.Black?—Itbehim.He'smuchtaller.A.maynotB.can'tC.willnotD.mustn't【2013廣西賀州】ThewomanwhoistalkingwithMr.BrownbeMissLi.ShehasgonetoEngland.A.can'tB.mustC.mayD.mustn't【2013甘肅蘭州】一Lookattheboyplayingbasketballontheground.IsitGeorge?一Itbehim.Hetoldmehewouldplaybasketballafterclass,buthe'snotsure.A.mustn'tB.mustC.can'tD.may【2013湖北宜昌】一Difficultiesalwaysgowithme!一Cheerup!IfGodclosesadoorinfrontofyou,therebeawindowopenedforyou.A.wouldB.mustD.couldD.can【2013湖北孝感】一Lookattheyoungladyinred.IsitMrs.King?一No.Itbeher.Sheiswearingawhitedresstoday.A.canB.mayC.mustD.can't【2013湖北十堰】一TwohundredyearsforsuchaT-shirt!Youbejoking!一I'mnotjoking.It'smadeofsilk.A.can'tB.canC.needD.must【2013山東煙臺】一Whosebookisthis?一Itourgeographyteacher's.Yousee,hisnameisonit.A.can'tbeB.canbeC.mustn'tbeD.mustbe【2013浙江寧波】ThatT-shirtbeexpensivebecauseit'sbyafamousdesigner.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.mustD.should【2013廣東】一Someoneisknockingatthedoor.IsitAnn?一Itbeher.Sheisgivingaperformanceatthetheaternow.A.mayB.mustC.can'tD.mustn't【2013福建福州】一IsthatgirlSusan?一Itbeher.SheleftforBeijingyesterday.needn'tB.can'tC.mustn't【2012河南】一Doyouhaveanyplansforthisweekend?—I'mnotsure.IgoclimbingMountYuntai.A.mustB.needC.mayD.can【2012貴州貴陽】“Whosenotebookisthis?”“ItJim's.Ithashisnameonit.”A.can'tbeB.mustbeC.canbe【2012甘肅雞西市黑龍江黑河黑龍江齊齊哈爾】一Isthatyourteacher?—ThatbeMr.Wang.HehasgonetoJapanwithhiswife.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.maynot【2012湖南岳陽】一Whoisthat?—ItbeShirly.Onlysheisinredtoday.A.couldB.mayC.must【2011湖北恩施】一IsthatgirlunderthetreeMary?—No,thatbeMary.SheisinNewYork.A.canB.mustn'tC.can't【2012湖北黃石】IsMariaknockingatthedoor?Itbeher.SheisinAustralianow.A.maynotB.needn'tC.mustn'tD.can't【2012湖北武漢】一YoubehappywiththestrongpublicsupportyoUvereceived.－Yes,you'reright.I'mreallyexcited.A.mayB.canC.mustD.need【2012湖北宜昌】一Mybrotherwonthefirstprizeinspeechcompetition.——Congratulations!Youbeexcitedaboutthat.A.needB.mustC.wouldD.can【2011湖南株洲】ThatmanbemyEnglishteacher.HehasgonetoCanada.A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.can't【2012江蘇連云港】一MengFeihadhisarmbrokenwhilerecordingIfYouAretheOneinBeijing.—Really?ThenperhapshehostTVprogramsforsometime.A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.shouldn'tD.can't【2012江蘇南京】Haveyoudecidedwhichseniorhighschooltochoose?Notyet.IgotoMoonlightSchool.A.mustB.mayC.needD.should【2012江蘇無錫】Theladyinthisphotobeoverfifty!Shelookssoyoung!A.mustn'tB.mustC.can'tD.can【2012內蒙古包頭】一Youbeexcitedthatyouregoingbacktoyourhometownsoon.—Yes,Ican'twaitanylonger.A.shallB.canC.needD.must【2012江蘇揚州】一Excuseme,whenarewegoingtohaveapicnic?一I'mnotsure,Askourmonitor,please.Heknow.A.needB.canC.mayD.shall【2012】—Whoseisthepencilbox?—ItbeTom's.Lookathisnameonthecover!A.canB.mayC.mustD.need【2012山東濟寧】ThistoyMickeyMousebeAmy's.she'stheonlykidatthepicnic.A.mustB.canC.needD.can't【2012四川廣安】一Look!Themanatthegatebeourteacher.Heisalwaysstandingthereeverymorning.——No,itbehim.Heishavingameetingintheofficenow.A.must;can'tB.must;mustn'tC.can't;can't【2012四川成都】一Excuseme,whoseJapanesebookisthis?—ItbeTom's.Inourclass,onlyheisstudyingJapanese.A.mustB.can'tC.would【2012四川涼山】—IsJimcomingbytrain?—I'mnotsure.Hedrivehiscar.A.mustB.mayC.need【2012四川宜賓】—Whoseshoesarethese?—TheybeMike's.Theyaremuchtoolargeforhim.A.mightB.mayC.mustn'tD.can't【2012山東濟南】一Look!Abookisonthefloor.Whoseisit?—ItbeRick's.Ithashisnameonit.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.mustD.need★【2012湖南常德】Incompetition,asinlife,younotalwayswin.A.mayB.shallC.must【2012四川自貢】Haveyouheardthatsomebadthingwouldhappenin2012?--Don'tworry!Thenewsbetrue.A.mustn'tB.maynotC.needn't【2012浙江杭州】Youbeserious!You'reactuallygoingtolendhimmoneyagain?A.needn'tB.can'tC.shouldn'tD.mustn't情態(tài)動詞表推測用法總結及專項練習1.can/could用于表推測的用法從使用句型上看，can通常只用于否定句或疑問句，一般不用于肯定句，而could可用于肯定句、否定句和疑問句。兩者沒有時間上的差別，只是could比can更委婉，更不確定。如：Itcan't[couldn't]betrue.那不可能是真的。Whatcan[could]theybedoing?他們會在干什么呢?Wecouldgotherethissummer.今年夏天我們可能要去那兒。注：can有時也用于肯定句中表示推測，主要用于表示理論上的可能性(即從理論上看是可能的，但實際未必會發(fā)生)，或表示“有時”之意。如：Evenexperiencedteacherscanmakemistakes.即使是有經(jīng)驗的教師也可能出錯。Shecanbeveryunpleasant.她有時很令人討厭。從時間關系看，對現(xiàn)在或將來情況作推測，后接動詞原形；對正在進行的情況作推測，后接bedoing結構；對過去情況作推測，后接動詞完成式。如：Hecouldhavegonehome.他可能已經(jīng)回家了。Hecan't[couldn't]haveunderstood.他不可能理解了。Whydoesheknowthis?Can[Could]someonehavetoldhimaboutit?他怎么知道?會是哪個人告訴他了嗎?(3)“could+完成式”除表示對過去的推測外，還有以下重要用法：表示過去沒有實現(xiàn)的可能性，常譯為“本來可以”。如：Icouldhavelentyouthemoney．Whydidn'tyouaskme?我本來可以借這筆錢給你的。你為什么不向我提出?用來委婉地責備某人過去應該做某事而沒有去做，常譯為“本來應該”。如：Youcouldhavehelpedhim.你本來應該幫助他的。表示“差點兒就要”。如：Icouldhavediedlaughing.我差點兒笑死了。2.may/might用于表推測的用法表示推測，兩者都可用，只是might比may語氣更不確定，表示的可能性更小。在句型使用方面：兩者均可用于肯定句和否定句，但用于疑問句時，may通常不用于句首，但可用于疑問句的句中(如特殊疑問句等)，而might盡管可以用于疑問句的句首，但不算普通，通常會改用其他句式(如用could等)。如：Hemay[might]knowtheanswer.他可能知道答案。Hemay[might]notbelieveyou.他可能不會相信你。Andwhomay[might]shebe?那么她會是哪一位呢？從時間關系看，對現(xiàn)在或將來情況作推測，后接動詞原形；對正在進行的情況作推測，后接bedoing結構；對過去情況作推測，后接動詞完成式。如：Hemay[might]tellhiswife.他也許會告訴他妻子。Hemay[might]bewritingaletter.他可能在寫信。Shemay[might]havereaditinthepapers.她可能在報上已讀到過此事。⑶“might+完成式”除表示對過去的推測外，還有以下重要用法：①表示過去某事可能發(fā)生而實際上卻并沒發(fā)生。如：Itwasreallyverydangerous.Imighthavekilledmyself.那真的是太危險了，我差點沒命了。Alotofmendiedwhomighthavebeensaved很多人本來可以獲救的卻死了。②表示委婉的批評或責備。如：Youmighthavemadegreaterprogress.你的進步本來可更大一些的。Youmightatleasthaveansweredmyletter.你至少可以回我一封信嘛。must表示推測的用法must表示很有把握的推測，其意為“一定會”“肯定會”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑問句。表示對現(xiàn)在或未來的情況作推測，后接動詞原形；表示對過去情況的推測，接動詞完成式。如：Imustbethehappiestwomanonearth!我一定是世界上最幸福的女人了。No,hemustbelying.不，他一定在撒謊Hemusthavemistakenmymeaning.他一定誤會了我的意思。shouldhavedone的用法shouldhavedone只用于談論過去情況，主要有兩個用法：一是用于推測過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的情況，二是用于指本該發(fā)生而實際上未發(fā)生的情況。如：Youshouldhavetoldmesobefore.你早就應該告訴我。Heshouldhavearrivedbynow.此時他本該到了。Lookatthetime!Weshouldhavebeenatthetheatretenminutesago.瞧都什么時候了!十分鐘前我們就該到戲院了。needhavedone的用法needhavedone結構主要用于否定句或疑問句，一般不用于肯定句。用于否定句時，表示本來不必做某事，但實際上卻做了；用于疑問句時，用于詢問某一過去動作的必要性。如：Youneedn'thavehurried.你當時實在不必那么匆忙。Sheneedn'thavecomeinperson—aletterwouldhavebeenenough.她本不必親自來——寫封信來就足夠了。Needyouhavepaidsomuch?你當時真須要付那么多錢嗎?Needtheyhavesoldthefarm?他們那時非得把農場賣掉不可嗎?歷屆NMET中表推測的情態(tài)動詞的用法情態(tài)動詞是中學英語學習中的一個重點和難點，也是高考的重點考察內容之一。其中表示推測用法的情態(tài)動詞在近幾年的高考中更是屢見不鮮?，F(xiàn)結合近幾年的高考題目，對表推測的情態(tài)動詞的用法作一歸納，希望對各位考生會有所幫助：【考例】1.Naturally,afterItoldherwhattodo,mydaughtergoanddotheopposite!A.mayB.canC.mustD.should（2003年普通高等學校春季招生統(tǒng)一招生考試英語試題（安徽卷））【分析】Can,may,must都可用來表示”推測”，但側重點各有不同：May常用來指”事實上的可能性”，而can則表示一種”理論上的可能性”例如：Therailwaysmaybeimproved.=Itispossiblethattherailwayswillbeimproved.=Perhaps/Maybe/Possiblytherailwayswillbeimproved.鐵路可能會得到改進。（意味著已有具體的改進計劃或方案。）Therailwayscanbeimproved.=Itispossiblefortherailwaystobeimproved.鐵路可以得到改進。（意思是鐵路還不完善，尚有問題存在。）理論上的可能性（can）比事實上的可能性（may）更弱。在一般的陳述句，can與sometimes幾乎相同，表示一種偶然的可能性。比如：Evenexpertdriverscanmakemistakes.甚至是很熟練的駕駛員也可能會犯錯。=Evenexpertdriverssometimesmakemistakes.=Itispossiblefortheexpertdriverstomakemistakes.因此，如果講的是一種特殊情況，不是一般情況，就用may,試比較:MrReedlookspale.Hemaybeill.MrReedisinpoorhealth.Hecanbeillatanytime.Must指邏輯必然,作“想必”、“準是”、“一定”解，用來表示我們對某事有把握的推論或揣測。（考慮到跡象如此，再無別的結論=ltseemscertainthat….):Theymustbeverytirednow,fortheyhavebeenworkingthewholemorning.他們現(xiàn)在一定是非常累了，因為他們整個上午都在工作。析：填C?must。意思是”不出所料，當我告訴女兒要做的事時，她準會去做相反的事?！薄究祭?、MarybeinParis?lsawherintownonlyafewminutesago.(NMET1994)A.mustn'tB.shouldn'tC.can'tD.maynot2、.--IsJohncomingbytrain?(NMET2002Tianjing)--Heshould,buthe___not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A．mustB.canC.needD.may【分析】May用于否定時，not不是否定may,而是否定句中的動詞，這一點與can不同，試比較：Hemaynotknowthetruth■他可能不知道事情的真相。(=Itispossiblethathedidn'tknowthetruth.)Hecannotknowthetruth他不可能知道事情的真相。must表示推測的這種用法通常用在肯定句中,在疑問句中常用can冋能)，在否定句中常用can't(不可能，不會是),而不用mustn't。例如：Somebodyisknockingatthedoor.Whocanitbe?ItmustbeWangHong.No,Itcan'tbeWangHong,becausesheleftforShanghaithismorning.有人在敲門。會是誰呢？一定是王紅。不,不會是王紅,因為她今天早晨就動身去上海了。因而Youmustbejoking.在意義上相當于Youcan'tbeserious?析：1、填C。意思是”瑪麗不可能在巴黎。幾分鐘前我還看見她在鎮(zhèn)上。2、填D。意思是”--約翰會坐火車來嗎？--應該會，但他可能不會。他喜歡開車?！薄究祭?.Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.(NMET2002Beijing)It___truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbeB.won'tbeC.couldn'tbeD.mustn'tbe【分析】Could,might表示過去的可能性。Ithoughtitmightbetrue.我本認為那是真的。Hecouldbeveryunreasonable.他有時可能毫不講理。析：填C。它是對去年冬天所發(fā)生的事進行評價?！究祭?.--AreyoucomingtoJeff'sparty?(NMET2000)--I'mnotsure.Igototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might2.Look!Thecloudsaregathering.Yes.I'mafraiditbepouringdownsoon.A,canB,mustC,shouldD,might【分析】could和might表示現(xiàn)在的情況時，更帶有不肯定性和慎重味道，構成禮貌或婉轉說法，包含或許的意思：A:IwonderwhereTomis.B:Hemay/might/couldbeinthelibrary.（Perhapsheisinthelibrary.）因此在wonder,fear,beafraid等后接的從句中,通常用may/might/could,表達一種探詢的觀點：Iwasafraidyoumightbeoutofsorts.我怕你可能心情不痛快。假設性的可能和試探性的可能，也用could和might：Ourteammightstillwintherace.（可以意譯為：Itispossible,thoughunlikely,that……）析：1、2均填D.might【考例】Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.Howitbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?A．canB．shouldC．mayD．must（2001年上海普通高校春季招生考試試卷）【分析】表示推測的may通常不用于一般疑問句，而要用can代替。Can用于一般疑問句時，還可表示驚訝或懷疑，意思是”（到底）可能有這樣的事嗎？”，比如：“Thereisthedoorbell.””Whocanitbeatthistimeofday?”有人按門鈴?！薄边@個時候到底會是誰呢？”Must也偶爾用于疑問句：Musttherebesomegoodreasonforthedelay?這個問句設想的是一個肯定的回答，可以解釋為”Doestherehavetobesomegoodreason?”may可用于特殊疑問句或wh-從句，意思是”（到底）是…”、”不知是否…”：Iwonderwhatitmaymean.我不知道這究竟是什么意思。Howoldmayhisfatherbe?他父親到底有多大年紀？（比Howoldishisfather?委婉的說法。）析：填1、A.can.（布什先生做什么事都很按時。他怎么可能會在開幕式上遲到呢？）【考例】1.SorryI'mlate.Ihaveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.（2000年普通高等學校春季招生考試（北京、安徽卷）A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will2?一Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.—It_acomfortablejourney.(NMET95)A.can'tbeB.shouldn'tbeC.mustn'thavebeenD.couldn'thavebeen【分析】“情態(tài)動詞have+-ed分詞”結構可以表示對已發(fā)生的事情進行推測，就表示的可能性程度而言，must最大，could其次，may更次之，might最小。must+have+-ed分詞:用于肯定句,表示推測過去某事“肯定,一定，準是”發(fā)生了。其否定形式為：can't/couldn'thavev-ed,表示過去不可能發(fā)生某事。may(might)+have+-ed分詞:用于肯定句和其他否定句,表示對已發(fā)生事情的不肯定的推測,意為“可能,大概”，其中might較may語氣更弱，把握更小。Can/could用于否定或疑問句中,表示對過去發(fā)生的事件的“懷疑或不肯定”。could比can更表示說話人語氣的不肯定。例如：Imailedthatletteraweekago.Hemusthavereceivedit我一周前就發(fā)出了那封信,想必他一定收到了。Ican'tfindmykeys.Imay/mighthaveleftthemattheschoolyesterday.Jackcan'thavearrivedyet,otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.(上海1997)Itcouldn'thavebeenMr.Smith.HehasgonetoChina不太可能是史密斯先生。他已去了中國。另外，注意may不可用于疑問句，它的這種功能已為can所取代。例如Cantheyhavemissedthebus?的答句是：Yes,theymayhavedone.而不是Yes,theycanhavedone■這一點要注意。Must偶爾也能用于否定句：Hisabsencemustnothavebeennoticed.此句和Hisabsencecan'thavebeennoticed的意思是一樣的。許多評論者認為這類句子是不可能成立的，但它們正在為越我來越多的人所接受和使用，在美國英語中尤其如此。對正在發(fā)生的事情進行推測，則采用”情態(tài)動詞+be+現(xiàn)在分詞”結構,其中情態(tài)動詞的區(qū)別與上相同。析:答案A、Docan通常不用于肯定句表猜測；”should+have+-ed分詞”表示”過去本來應該做……”，但實際上沒有做，意思是”本該…..”，帶有責備口氣:Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.Youshouldn'thaveleftwithoutaword.(NMET2001)；”will+have+-ed分詞”只是將來完成時的一種形式?！究祭?.It'snearlyseveno'clock.Jackbehereatanymoment.(NMET95)A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can【分析】should(oughtto)表示很可能、預期的意思，指一種嘗試性推論,可認為是must的語氣較弱的對應詞，意思是”應該會、一定。。。吧”。試比較：Ourguestsmustbehomebynow.(‘Iamcertain')我們的客人現(xiàn)在一定到家了。(根據(jù)他們動身的時間、路程遠近、速度等具體條件，我能斷定/肯定他們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)到家了。)Ourguestsshould(oughtto)behomebynow.(‘Theyprobablyare,butI'mnotcertain?)我們的客人現(xiàn)在該到家了。(含義是我想他們很可能到家了，但我不能肯定”)與must不同還在于它常常表示將來：--WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.--Theybereadyby12:00.(NMET1998)A.canB?shouldC.mightD.need表示不太可能可用shouldn't(oughtn'tto):Thereshouldn't(oughtn'tto)beanydifficulties■不該有任何困難。析：填C。意思是”將近七點了。杰克很可能隨時會到。”另外，在近幾年的NMET中，對情態(tài)動詞及其它語法項目的考查均放到一定的語境中進行，要求考生利用所學英語各項基礎知識進行初步的語言運用，而不再是單純的語法知識題和短語題。這類試題往往通過題干的其他部分或附加句子提供某個信息，然后讓考生根據(jù)這個信息進行合理推理，產生新的想法和認識。因此，在做這類題時，除要熟悉所考查的語法規(guī)則外，還要認真分析句子的結構，注意抓住關鍵詞，分析上下文的邏輯關系。不能單憑語法規(guī)則做題。鞏固練習1.Michael__beapoliceman,forhe'smuchtooshort.A.need'tB.can'tC.shouldD.may2.Johnny,you__playwiththeknife.You__hurtyouself.A.won't,can'tB.mustn't,mayC.shouldn't,mustD.cant't,shouldn'tPeter__comewithustonight,buttakenheisn'tverysureyet.A.canB.mayC.willD.mustPutonmoreclothes.You__betakenfeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.A.mustB.canC.couldD.would5.It'snearlyseveno'clock.Jack__behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.candidn'thearthephone.I__asleep.A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeenJack__yet,otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.A.mustn'thavearrivedB.shouldn'thavearrivedC.can'thavearrivedD.neednothavearrived--therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.--It__acomfortablejourney.A.can'tbeB.shouldn'tbeC.mustn'thavebeenD.couldn'thavebeenHe__youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.A.mighthavegivenB.mightgiveC.mayhavegivenD.maygiveYesterdayJanewaookedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,she__somethingthewouldregretlater.A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaidTherewasplentyoftime.She__.A.mustn'thavehurriedB.needn'thavehurriedC.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.couldn'thavehurriedTomoughtnotto__meyoursecret,butbemeantnoharm.A.havetoldB.tellC.betellingD.haven'ttoldtoldSallyhowtogetthere,butperhapsI__forher.A.hadtowirteitoutB.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout14.Ifyouhadworkedharder,you__.A.wouldsucceedB.h