初中英語閱讀理解講解加練習(xí)

會計學(xué)1初中英語閱讀理解講解加練習(xí)

一、先讀問題，弄清考查要點(diǎn)，以便能帶著問題看文章，這樣會心中有數(shù)，有的放矢。

二、快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌，注意發(fā)現(xiàn)與問題有關(guān)的信息，如果時間緊，至少要掃視一下起首段和尾段。再把標(biāo)題和文章內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來想一想，這樣全文大意便清楚了。此時，不要忙于答題。

閱讀理解四步曲第1頁/共38頁

三、細(xì)讀原文，捕捉相關(guān)信息詞，掌握短文細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容。這是解題的關(guān)鍵，應(yīng)特別注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1．抓住四個"W"和一個"H"，就是邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標(biāo)記，把What(事件)，When（時間），Where（地點(diǎn)），Why（原因），How（經(jīng)過）劃出來。抓住了四個“W”和一個“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的問題便可解決。

2．抓住連接詞及起關(guān)鍵作用的副詞、代詞、介詞、插入語等。因為這些詞具有因果，讓步，遞進(jìn)，轉(zhuǎn)折，指代，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。這對考生分清文章層次，辨明各種關(guān)系，了解人物心理，推斷作者意圖，進(jìn)行邏輯推理等手段來分析難點(diǎn)，都具有舉足輕重的作用。

3．注意領(lǐng)會文章的寓意。第2頁/共38頁

4．根據(jù)題意，初選答案。這一步須仔細(xì)審題，領(lǐng)會測試要求，確定解題方法。對那些明顯的，有把握的題可以斷然確定，不必把其余三個答案再作推敲而浪費(fèi)時間：有些略難的題，應(yīng)再查閱短文（不是重讀一遍），迅速找出依據(jù)，予以排除。常用的解題方法有如下幾種：

①直接解題法。即從原文中直接找出答案。

②歸納解題法。對于不能從原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和線索的前題下進(jìn)行概括、歸納得出正確答案。

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③綜合推理法。讀者需統(tǒng)觀全文，認(rèn)真分析，綜合推理及至計算，最后歸納出正確答案。

題干中有"suggest,conclude,conclusion,probably,reason,because,accordingto“等字眼時，屬于推斷概括型，考查內(nèi)容著眼于全篇，考生應(yīng)具備一定的分析歸納，推理等邏輯思維能力。

④捕捉關(guān)鍵詞。在閱讀時應(yīng)該注意與問題相關(guān)的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞或同位詞等信息詞來得出正確答案。

⑤轉(zhuǎn)換解題法。即原文這么說，而在問題和所給選項中則用另外的詞去轉(zhuǎn)換一種說法，但仍表示同一含義。

⑥排除法。根據(jù)語言，句法結(jié)構(gòu)，信息詞和常識，在沒有把握的選項中用排除法得出正確答案。第4頁/共38頁

四、重讀原文，仔細(xì)斟酌核對答案。在解完最后一道題后，如果時間允許，再將原文讀一遍；用全文的主題思想統(tǒng)率各思考題，研究其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系，目的在于對所做答案進(jìn)一步審查，推出未解答的題，以便減少失誤。

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典型例題分析

根據(jù)內(nèi)容，從短文后每題的四個選項中選擇最佳的一項。

MrBrownfirstwenttolookattheunderground-firewhenhewasseven."Throughthehole（洞）intheearthyoucouldseetheorangefire,butyouhadtolookfastbecauseitwassohot,"saidMrBrown.In1898,hesawthefireoncemore（再一次）.

Now,wecanonlyseethesmoke.ThefireMrBrownsawisnottheunderground-fire.Infact,thereare260coal（煤）firesintheworld.Theyareharmful（有害）anddangerous.Thenhowtoputthemout?

Scientistshavetriedtoset（放置）firetoundergroundcoaltospeedup（加速）thefires.Inthisway,theburning（燃燒）ofundergroundcoalwouldbesoonfinished.（被燒完）。

第6頁/共38頁1.

MrBrownfirstsawtheunderground-fire________.

A.attheageofseven B.sevenyearsold

C.intheyearof1898 D.morethan（超過）80yearsago

2.

MrBrownsaidthatwehadtotakeafastlookatthefirebecause________.

A.itwasinthehole B.itwasveryhot

C.itwasorange D.itwasharmful

3.Howmanycoalfiresarethereintheworld?

A.There'sonlyone. B.It'shardtosay.

C.Thereare260. D.Thearticle（文章）doesn'ttellus.

ABC第7頁/共38頁4.What’soneofthebestwaystoputout（撲滅）theundergroundfire?

A.

Tocover（覆蓋）theholeswithstones（石塊）.

B.

Tospeedupthefires.

C.

Toseethefiresburning.

D.Todosomeexperiments（試驗）.

5.Whatisthebesttitle（標(biāo)題）forthearticle?

A.

WatchingtheUnderground-Fire.

B.

AWaytoPutOuttheCoalFires.

C.

TheBurningEarth.

D.

CoalandCoalFires.

BB第8頁/共38頁[分析]1.在文章的第一段的第一句里可以找到依據(jù)。attheageofseven等于whenhewasseven，故正確答案為A。

2．這一題可以在第一段里直接找到答案，屬于直接回答題。正確答案為B。

3．這一題可以在第二段里直接找到答案，屬于直接回答題。正確答案為C。

4．在文章的最后一段提到了撲滅火的最好方法，那就是使火加速燃燒。正確答案為B。

5．完成這道題需作一定的歸納，因為文章中沒有給出直接的回答。文章從MrBrown兩次看火，然后說出地下火的危害，最后提出如何滅火的方法。文章的前兩段是給為什么要滅火和如何滅火鋪墊，如何滅火才是文章的中心。故正確答案為B。

第9頁/共38頁閱讀理解題型tureorfauseA,B,CorDAnswerthequestions第10頁/共38頁

一、根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容判斷正誤Fredtelephonedhiswife.“I’vegottwofreeticketsforthetheatretonight,”hetoldher.“Meetmeoutsidetheoffice.We’llhavesomethingtoeatandthengoontothetheatre.”

Fred’swifewasverypleased.Theyhadn’tbeentothetheatreforalongtime.Shemetherhusbandashetoldher.Theyhaddinnerandgottothetheatrejustintime.

AttheentranceFredtookouthiswallettogetthetickets.“It’sverystrange,”hesaid.“Theyaren’there!”“Tryyourpockets,”saidhiswife.Buttheticketsweren’tthere,either.

ThenFredlookedveryembarrassed(尷尬).“What’sthematter?”askedhiswife.“Well,”Fredsaid,“IrememberwhatIdidwithmytickets.Iputtheminmybag.ButbecauseIwasn’tgoinghome,Ileftitintheoffice!”

第11頁/共38頁()1.Oneday,Fredwasgiventheticketsforthetheatre.

()2.Fredandhiswifewenttothetheatrequiteoften.

()3.Fredwantedtomeethiswifeinarestaurant.

()4.Theyreachedthetheatreneitherlatenorearly.

()5.ThenFredcouldn’tfindhisticketsandrememberedwhathehaddonewiththetickets.

1、T因為第一段中提到Fredtoldhiswife

“I’vegottwofreetickets…”

“free”

此處是免費(fèi)的意思。

2、F第二段中提到“Theyhadn’tbeentothetheaterforalongtime.”

3、F第一段中Fred說“Meetmeoutsidetheoffice.”

4、T第二段中“intime”是及時的意思。5T結(jié)尾處提到的。

第12頁/共38頁

DavidMcConnellsoldbooksfromdoortodoor.Housewives(家庭主婦)werenotinterestedinthebooks.Usuallybeforehehadenoughtimetosayanythingabouthisbooks,thewomenclosedtheirdoors.Buthedidn’tgiveup.McConnelldecidedtobringeachofthemapresent,asmallbottleofperfume(香水)madebyhimself.Hesoonfoundthatthewomenlikedtheperfumebetterthanthebooks.Hestoppedsellingbookstosellperfumeinsteadandstartedhisowncompany“Avon”,whichisagreatsuccess.

Whenyoudonothing,youlearnnothing.Butwhenyoutry,eventhoughyouarenotsuccessful,youwilllearnwhatdoesn’tworkandthatputsyouclosertowhatwillwork.Itdoesn’tmatterhowmanytimesyouarenotsuccessful.Itdoesmatterthatyouwillbesuccessfuloneday.

第13頁/共38頁Edisonwasnotonthewaytosuccessuntilpeopleboughthisfirstinvention.SuccessonceisenoughforEdison.Andthesameforyou—successonceisenough.

()1.McConnellwassuccessfulasabook-seller.

()2.McConnellhopedthosewomenwouldbuyhisbooksifhebroughtthemeachapresent.

()3.Ifyoudonothingatall,youwillneverbesuccessful.

()4.Edisonwassuccessfulattheverybeginning.

()5.Thewriterencouragedustotryasmuchaswecan.

FTTFT第14頁/共38頁1、F從第一段“Hestoppedsellingbookstosellperfumestead.”，可以判斷出他在推銷書方面并不成功。

2、T第一段第三行提到“McConnelldecidedtobringeachofthemapresent,…”。

3、T這句是第二段前兩句的解釋。4、F最后一段，第一句說明Edison的發(fā)明被人們認(rèn)可后才走上了成功之路。

5、T第二段中作者提出了自己的觀點(diǎn)。

第15頁/共38頁

Sociologists(社會學(xué)家),workinginwesterncountries,havefoundthatalargenumberofwomenwishedtheyhadbeenbornmen.Thenumberissaidtobeashighas60%inGermany.

“Womenoftenwishtheyhadthesamechancesasmenhave,andthinkitisstillmen’sworld,”saidDrJamesHelen,oneofthesociologistswhodidthestudy.

Manymensaythattheyhavemoredutiesthanwomen.Amanhastomakemoneytosupport(養(yǎng)活)hisfamilyandtomaketheimportantdecision,soitisrightformentobepaidmore.Someareevenagainsttheirwivesworkingatall.Whenwivesgoouttowork,theysay,thehomeandchildrencannotbe第16頁/共38頁takengoodcareof.Ifwomentakefull-timejobs,theywon’tbeabletodowhattheyarebestatdoing:makinganicehomeandbringingupthechildren.

Somewomendisagree.Theysaytheywanttogetoutoftheirhomesandtohavefreedom(自由)tochoosebetweenworkandhomelife.Womenhavetherightofequalpayandequalchances(平等機(jī)會).

AnneHarperhasaverygoodjob.Shealsobelievesin“Women’sLiberation(解放).”

“Idon’twishIwereaman,”shesays,“andIdon’tthinkmanywomendo.ButIdowishpeoplewouldstoptreating(對待)uslikesecond—classpeople.第17頁/共38頁Atwork,forexample,weusuallydotheworkthatmendobutgetpaidless.Therearestillalotofjobsonlytomen—usuallytheyarethebestones.Ifyouareaman,youhaveamuchbetterchanceoflivingawonderfullife.Howmanywomenscientistsarethere…orengineers?”

第18頁/共38頁()1.manymenthink__________.

A.womencan’tdowhatmencanB.menhavetoworkmuchharderthanwomen

C.mencanmakemoneymoreeasilythanwomen

D.women’sdutyismainlytodohouseworkathome1、D這是一道概括主旨的題，答此題的依據(jù)是第三段內(nèi)容。這段開頭兩句話說的是重男，那么不言而喻，家務(wù)活和教育子女的任務(wù)應(yīng)有婦女承擔(dān)；另有一些男士則公開反對女士外出工作。可見，不少男士認(rèn)為婦女的主要職責(zé)是在家料理家務(wù)。

第19頁/共38頁()2.Somewomenhavedifferentideas,Theysaythat__________.

A.womenneedchancestogooutofthehomemoreoften

B.womenwantmorefreedomindecidingthekindoflifetheywant

C.ifwomenaregivenequalpay,theycandoeverythinginsteadofmen

D.womenarenolongerinterestedintakingcareoftheirhomes

2、B一些婦女持不同觀點(diǎn)，文中第四段反映了他們的意見。這也正是文章的中心思想的寫作意圖----爭取人權(quán)平等，婦女自由，男女平等。

第20頁/共38頁()3.AnneHarperdidn’twishtobeaman__________.

A.becauseshebelievedin“Women’sLiberation”

B.butshewishedtogetthesamejobsasmen

C.becauseshehadgotagoodjobD.butshewishedtotreatedthesameasaman

3、D安妮.哈珀不希望自己是男士，但她希望社會像對待男士一樣對待她。該題是一考查細(xì)節(jié)的題，答案在最后一段。

第21頁/共38頁()4.AnneHarperthoughtthat__________.

A.womenshouldliveabetterlifethanmenB.womenshouldbereallyliberated

C.womenshouldbegivenbetterjobsthanmen

D.womenshouldliveamorewonderfullife

4、B安妮.哈珀的想法正是作者的意圖，如最后一段寫到：Shealsobelievesin“Women’sLiberation.”

然后她又列舉了許多事實，其立意還是為了說明這一正確論點(diǎn)。

第22頁/共38頁()5.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Therearemoremenscientists,engineersthanwomenones.

B.Womenaresecond—classpeople,sotheyshouldn’tliveabetterlife.

C.Womendothesamejobsasmen,butgetpaidlessthanmen.

D.TherearesomebestJobsthatwomenhavefewchancestotake.

5、B選題B的觀點(diǎn)在文中沒有出現(xiàn)。文中男士盡管擺出種種理由，但還沒有人敢明目張膽地發(fā)表歧視婦女的觀點(diǎn)，即把婦女作為二等公民，認(rèn)為婦女不應(yīng)生活的更美好。

第23頁/共38頁Haveyoueverheldatoyballoon(氣球)?Theyareverylight.Buttherearemuchbiggerballoons.Theseballoonscanflyveryhighupinthesky.Theyarebigenoughtocarrypeople.Theyarecalledhot-airballoons.

Tomakeahot-airballoongoup,turnontheburner(燃燒器).Thatwillmaketheairinsidetheballoonhotter.Thentheballoonwillgoup.

Tomaketheballoongodown,turnofftheburner.Theairinsidetheballoonwillgetcooler.Thentheballoonwillgodown.

第24頁/共38頁Underneath(在…下面)theballoonthereisalargebasket.Thatiswherethepilot(飛行員)andthepassengers(乘客)go.

Theburnerisjustabovethebasket.Youcanstandinthebasketandturntheburneronandoff.Theballoonwillgowherethewindblowsit.Doyouwanttheballoontogosomewherespecial?Firstmakesurethewindisblowingtherightway!

Peoplehavebeenflyinginhot-airballoonsforovertwohundredyears.Beforeplanesitwastheonlywayofflying.Todaypeopleflyinhotairballoonsforfun.Somepeopleliketoracehot-airballoons.ThefirstHot-AirBalloonWorldChampionship(錦標(biāo)賽)washeldin1973.

第25頁/共38頁

()1.Ahot-airballoonis____________.

A.smallerthanatoyballoonB.biggerthanatoyballoonC.thesameasatoyballoonD.lighterthanatoyballoon1、B由“Buttheyaremuchbiggerballoons.”可知。這里的比較級是與前面“atoyballoon”相比較。

第26頁/共38頁()2.Wherewillyousitifyouwanttoflyintheballoon?

A.Insidethebasket.B.Ontopoftheballoon

C.UnderthebasketD.Insidetheballoon

2、A這是一篇有關(guān)熱氣球的科普文章，需要考生熟知有關(guān)熱氣球的基本常識。熱氣球有燃燒器（也可叫加熱器），打開燃燒器，氣球內(nèi)氣體被加熱，氣球會上升，反之就下降。氣球下面是一個大籃子，飛行員或乘客在此處，燃燒器在籃子上方。熱氣球總要隨風(fēng)向飛行。

第27頁/共38頁()3.Youwanttheballoontogoup.Soyouwill_____________.

A.jumpoutiftheballoonB.lettheairoutoftheballoon

C.maketheairinsidetheballoonhotterD.lettheairinsidetheballooncooldown

3、C由第二段的敘述可知。

第28頁/共38頁()4.Nowyouarehighupinthesky.Ifyouwanttheballoongodown,youwill_________.

A.

makeyourfriendsgetoutofthebasket

B.

makeaholeintheballoonwithaknife

C.

maketheairinsidetheballoonhotter

D.

maketheairinsidetheballooncooler

4、D由第三段的敘述可知。

第29頁/共38頁()5.Noweverythingisallright!Theballoonisflyingacrossthesky.Whereareyougoing?

A.Towardsthesun.B.Totheseaside.

C.Wherethewindblowsyou.D.Tothenearestmountains.

5、C由第六段的敘述可知。

第30頁/共38頁(4)

Bobwashappy.Hewasatanewschool,andtheotherstudentswerefriendly.“Hi,Bob!”theysaid.Butsomestudentssaid,“Hi,Peter!”Bobdidn’tunderstand.Heaskedanotherstudent,“WhydosomestudentscallmePeter?”

“Oh,that’seasytoanswer,”thestudentssaid.“Petewasastudentherelastyear.Nowhegoestoadifferentschool.YoulooklikePeter.Somestudentsthinkthatyou’rePeter.”

第31頁/共38頁BobwantedtomeetPeter.HegotPeter’saddressfromastudentandwenttoPeter’shouse.Peteropenedthedoor.Bobcouldn’tbelievehiseyes.HelookedreallylikePeter!BobandPeterhadthesamecoloureyesandthesamesmile.Theyhadthesameblackhair.Theyalsohadthesamebirthday.Andtheybothwereadopted(領(lǐng)養(yǎng))bytwodifferentfamilies.

BobandPeterfoundoutthattheyweretwinbrothers.Soonaftertheboyswereborn,onefamilyadoptedBob,andanotherfamilyadoptedPeter.Bob’sfamilyneverknewaboutPeter,andPeter’sfamilyneverknewaboutBob.

第32頁/共38頁BobandPeter’sstorywasinthenewspaper.TherewasaphotoofBobandPeternexttothestory.AyoungmannamedJohnsawthephotointhenewspaper.Johncouldn’tbelievehiseyes.HelookedreallylikeBobandPeter!Hehadthesamecoloureyesandthesamesmile.Hehadthesameblackhair.Hehadthesamebirthday.Andhe,too,wasadoptedbyanotherfamily.

LaterJohnmetBobandPeter.WhenBobandPetersawJohn,theycouldn’tbelievetheireyes.Johnlookedreallylikethem!WhydidJohnlookreallylikeBobandPeter?Youcanguess.BobandPeterarenottwins.Bob,PeterandJohnaretriplets.

第33頁/共38頁1.HowdidBobfeelatanewschool?

2.WhydidsomestudentsmistakeBobforPeter?

3.WheredidBobseePeter?

4.HowdidJohnknowthestory?

5.Whatdoesitmeanby“triplets”,doyouknow?

1.Hewashappy.

2.BecauseBoblookedlikePeterverymuch.

3.InPeter’shouse.

4.Heknewthestoryfromthene