高考英語語法-特殊句式講義

特殊句式倒裝句：倒裝主要包括完全倒裝和部分倒裝兩種。完全倒裝就是把謂語動詞完全放在主語之前，而部分倒裝就是把助動詞、系動詞或情態(tài)動詞提到主語之前。一：部分倒裝疑問句中，將be動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞置于主語之前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。Canyouswim?Doyoulikeeatingapples?only+狀語/狀語從句＂位于句首時，被該狀語修飾的句子用部分倒裝。Onlyinthiswaycanyouimproveyourgrade.表示＂也(不)……＂的句式，即＂so/neither/nor+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be+主語＂形式。Hehasmadeuphismindtocontinuewithhisstudies.SohaveI.Hedoesn’tlikelivinginthecity.Neither/nordoeshiswife.當(dāng)so表示“的確，是的”的時候，不需要倒裝。Jimmyisgoodatplayingfootball.吉米足球踢得很好—Soheis.的確。表示否定意義的詞或短語，如little,hardly,never,innocase,seldom,not,few等，放在句首時，句子要用部分倒裝。NeverhaveIseensuchasplendidbuilding.InnocasehaveInoticedthatdog.hardly…when，no…sooner…than(一...就...)位于句首時，其所在句子用部分倒裝。Nosoonerhadwegottherethanitbecamedark.我們一到那里天就黑了。not...until位于句首時，主句用部分倒裝。Notuntiltheteachercameindidthestudentsstoptalking.notonly…butalso位于句首時，含notonly的分句用部分倒裝。Notonlydidthepricesincrease,butalsotheirwagesincreased.完全倒裝1、表示方位、地點(diǎn)、時間的副詞，如in,out,up,there,then,here,now等放在句首，若主語是名詞而不是代詞時，句子用完全倒裝。Herecomesthebus.Incameagirl.分詞短語置于句首時，句子用完全倒裝。Lyingonthecouchisanoldlady.強(qiáng)調(diào)句：強(qiáng)調(diào)是一種修辭效果，是為了一定語境中的部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行突出而采用的手段。主要句型1、Itis/was....that/who.....這種句型可以對主語、賓語、表語、狀語、等進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，that沒有實際意義，只起到語法連接作用，只有指人時，可用who代替that。句子中的is/was根據(jù)原句時態(tài)而定。Iboughtabookyesterday.對主語強(qiáng)調(diào)：ItwasIthat/whoboughtabookyesterday.對賓語強(qiáng)調(diào)：ItwasabookthatIboughtyesterday.對狀語強(qiáng)調(diào)：ItwasyesterdaythatIboughtabook.被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分若是句子的主語，則that/who后面的謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上應(yīng)與句子的主語保持一致：ItisMarywho/thatisgoingtoseeyou.2、do/does/did+動詞原形：如果需要對謂語動詞進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，則使用這個句型，只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。Dobecarefulnexttime.Shedidtellmeaboutheraddress.強(qiáng)調(diào)句的判斷，把it/is/was/that去掉，剩余的句子如果結(jié)構(gòu)完整，那就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。習(xí)題1.Onlyyesterday________________findoutthathispursewaslost.A.hewas B.washe C.didhe D.hedid2.—Lucyisquitealovelygirl.—________________.A.SoissheB.SosheisC.Sodoesshe D.Soshedoes3.I________________youcanfinishtheexamintwohours.A.doesbelieve B.dobelieve C.didbelieved D.dobelieved4.—Petershuthismouthatthemeetingyesterday.HowaboutTom?—________________.A.Neitherdidhe B.Sodohe C.Sodoeshe D.Sodidhe5.－Ihaven’tseenthefilm.－________________.A.NeitherhaveI B.SohaveI C.NeitherIhave D.SoIhave6.—Peter,IwillvisitourteacherthisSunday.—________________.Let’sgotogether.A.NordoI B.Iwillso C.SowillI7.ItwasbecauseIlikeyou________________Ispeakoutfrankly.A.that B.why C.because D.who8.NotuntilIbegantowork___________howmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didIrealize B.doIrealize C.Irealize 9.Onlyinthisway___________makeprogress.A.youcan B.canyou C.can10.ItwasinShanghai___________Iwasborn.A.that B.what C.who11.Notabook______thisweekA.didIread B.Iread C.doesIread12.Hardly______thephonewhenhehungup.A.Ihadpickedup B.hadIpickedup C.haveIpickup13.Hangingonthewall____.A.aretwopaintings B.twopaintingsare C.istwopaintings