大四總復(fù)習(xí)-四下期末正畸7.craniofacial growth and development

CraniofacialGrowthandNing一 ConceptsofgrowthandReferstoanincreaseinsizeornumber,ananatomictiveReferstoanincreaseincomplexity,physiologic,qualitativeandbehavioralgrowthReferstothechangesinspatialproportionsofthephysicalarrangementofthehumanbodyoverFourmaintypesofbodilygrowthpattern:neural,somatic,genital,andCraniofacialgrowthpattern:changesinspatialproportionsoftheheadandfaceastimeThreetypesofCraniofacialgrowthpattern:vertical,horizontal,andaveragefacialgrowthgrowthAlocationatwhichgrowthoccurs,whichcanbeaffectedbyenvironmentalgrowthAlocationatwhichindependentgrowthoccurs,whichiscontrolledgenetically.Allgrowthcentersalsoaregrowthsites,whereasthereverseisnottrue.growthThephenomenonthatthedirectionoffacialgrowthisrotational,whichhasbeendemonstratedbyBj?rkgrowthstudy.Itisobviouslyhappenedinmandible,andistheresultofthegrowthofmanycraniofacialstructures.growthAnestimateoftheamountanddirectionofthebonesofcraniofacialskeletonandtheoverlyingsofttissues.Duetotheinter-individualvariation,growthpredictionisconsideredalowaccuracypubertalgrowthTheincreasedvelocityofphysicalgrowthofhumanbodyaroundpuberty.Assessmentofstature,weight,secondarysexcharacteristics(onsetofmenstruationingirls),andhand-wristradiographhelpstojudgewhetherthepatienthasenteredthepubertalgrowthspurt.growthTheinter-individualvariationofgrowthanddevelopmentinhumanbeing.Itisimportanttodeterminewhetheranindividual’sgrowthisintherangeofnormalvariationorfallsoutsidesthenormalrange.growthThesamekindofgrowthanddevelopmenthappensfordifferentindividualsatdifferenttimes.Suchaspubertalgrowthspurt,whichoccursatdifferentagesindifferentadolescents.growthAreshaoftheoutlineofabonebyselectiveresorptioninsomeareaofitssurfaceandappositioninotherareas.growthTheentiremovementofabonecausedbyadjacentbone’spatternofFormationanddevelopmentofbone.Twotypesofossification:Endochondral(mandibularcondyleandcranialbasesynchondroses)andintramembranousossification(cranialvault,maxilla,andmandibularbody).二 Embryonicneuralpharyngealarches(6facialdevelopment:frontonasal maxillaryprocess,mandibular MaxillarycomplexTypesofgrowth:SurfaceDisplacementbycranialbaseGrowthatthesuture3-dimensionalgrowth:AP(anteroposterior)DownwardTransverseTheroleofmaxillarycomplexgrowthin Typesofgrowth:TranslationdownwardandforwardbythegrowthofcranialEndochondralboneSurfaceremodeling3-dimensionalgrowth:AP(anteroposterior)DownwardTransverseTheroleofmaxillarycomplexgrowthin五 CranialTypesofgrowth:EndochondralImportantgrowthcenters:thespheno-occipitalsynchondrosis,inter-sphenoidsynchondrosis,sphenoid-ethmoidsynchondrosis.Theroleofcranialbasegrowthinorthodontics:lengthandangulationClassⅡorⅢmalocclusion六 Softnotparallelingthegrowthofunderlinghardtissue,butaccordingtotheirfunctions(suckling,mastication,facialexpression,swallowing,speech)lips:height:growsatadolescentspurt,thenslowdownThickness(growsatadolescentspurt,thendecreases),teethsupport eprominent(adolescentspurt,post-adolescentgrowthchin:alongwiththeunderlingbone, esmoreprominentinmaleandchangeslittle,butesretrusiveinfemaleduringadulthood七 Dentition:primary,mixed,andpermanentdentition—seechapter<Early Timeoffacialgrowthtoadultlevel:velocityofcompletenessofcraniofacialgrowth:Cranialbase>Maxillary>Female>Width>Length> Theoriesofgrowthcontrol:genetictheory,suture,nasalseptum,Moss’hypothesis(Functionalmatrix),Petrovic’shypothesis(Servosystem)十 TheruleofcraniofacialgrowthanddevelopmentinGrowthpredictionisusefulfortreatmentplanning:amount,direction,andtiming. ofgrowthvariability,it’sstilldifficult.Estimationofpubertalgrowthspurtofcraniofacialorganswillhelptochoosetrea