每周四天工作日等2篇外刊閱讀訓(xùn)練-高三英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)

外刊精讀每周四天工作日，可行嗎？導(dǎo)讀：盡管英國(guó)人每周工作的時(shí)間很長(zhǎng)，但他們的工作效率卻低于許多其它歐洲國(guó)家。有一種方法或許可以解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題——那就是縮短工作時(shí)間。一周工作四天意味著大家可以有額外的一個(gè)休息日，但仍拿五天的工資。目前，英國(guó)已經(jīng)有公司開(kāi)始實(shí)行一周四天工作日的制度。不過(guò)，對(duì)于這個(gè)制度是否可行，人們意見(jiàn)不一。你認(rèn)為“每周四天工作日”的制度可行嗎？本集“外刊精讀”討論縮短工作周的利弊。一、語(yǔ)篇泛讀PeopleintheUKworklongerhoursthananyoneelseintheEuropeanUnionbutarefarfromthemost

productive.Accordingtothe

Trades

Union

Congress,aUKbodythatbringstogether49memberunionstoimprovetheir

workingconditions,employeesinDenmarkare24%moreproductiveperhourbutworkfourhoursfewerperweek.'Britain's

long-hoursculture…isrobbingworkersofadecenthomelifeandtimewiththeirlovedones.

Overwork,stressandexhaustionhavebecomethenewnormal,'saysTUCGeneralSecretaryFrancesO'Grady.Theywantbusinessestocutthe

standardworkingweek

fromfivedaystofour.Butwouldafour-dayweekwork?ItdoesforRichLeigh,

founder

ofaGloucester-basedPRbusiness.

Staff

thereworkMondaytoThursday,9am–5:30pm,butstillgetpaidthesameasbefore.InaninterviewwiththeBBC,Leighclaimsitmakesthestaffhappier,whichleadstobetter,moreproductivework.Afterayear,

earnings

and

profits

areupand

sickdays

havehalved.The4DayWeekCampaignalsobelievesashorterweekwouldbenefiteveryone.Theyclaimthatitwould,amongotherthings,moreevenlydistributeworkbetweentheoverworkedandthe

underemployed.

Theyestimatethataround30UKbusinesses

operate

a'fourday,samepay'system.However,noteveryoneisconvinced.OneoftheUK'sleadingcharities,theWellcomeTrust,conductedan

organisation-wideconsultationintowhetherafour-dayweekwouldfit.Theydecidedagainstit.'Manyemployeesworriedabouttheirfive-day

workloads

beingcompressedintojustfourdaysandsomeraisedconcernsthatthetimeandenergyusedtoimplementafour-dayweekwoulddistractthecharityfromits

corework,'saysEdWhiting,directorofpolicyattheTrust.Sodoesafour-dayworkingweekworkornot?Clearlyitsuitssome…butnoteveryone."We'vegotalottodobeforeitcanworkfordifferent

sectors,"saysEmeliaQuistfromtheFederationofSmallBusinessesinaBBCinterview.'Socialcareneedspeoplepresent

24/7.

Howcanweensurethose

industries

canworkafour-dayweek?'sheadds.Untilwecananswerquestionslikethese,there'sclearlymoreworktobedone.

二、詞匯表productive高效的

tradeunion工會(huì)

workingconditions工作環(huán)境，勞動(dòng)條件

long-hoursculture加班文化，超時(shí)工作環(huán)境

overwork工作過(guò)度，勞累過(guò)度

standardworkingweek標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工作周

founder創(chuàng)始人

staff員工，全體雇員

earnings工資，薪水

profit利潤(rùn)

sickdays帶薪病假

underemployed只有部分時(shí)間被雇用工作的人

operate實(shí)行

organisation企業(yè)

workload工作量

corework核心工作

sector行業(yè)，領(lǐng)域

24/7每時(shí)每刻地，一直不休息地

industry行業(yè)，產(chǎn)業(yè)三、測(cè)試與練習(xí)閱讀課文并回答問(wèn)題。1.TrueorFalse?

BritishworkersarethemostproductiveinEurope.2.WhatcostisworkinglonghourstakingonUKworkers?3.Howhasafour-dayweekbenefittedRichLeigh?4.WhydidtheWellcomeTrustnotmovetoafour-dayweek?5.WhatissuedoesEmeliaQuisthavewithafour-dayweek?請(qǐng)?jiān)诓粎⒖颊n文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。選擇一個(gè)意思合適的單詞填入句子的空格處。1.

I'mafraidIwon'thavetimetoplaythisweekend.I'vegotareallyheavy_______andImayhavetoworkSaturdayandSunday.workingconditions

sector

overwork

workload2.

Ialwaysjointheorganisation's

_______.ThatwayifIfeelI'mbeingtreatedunfairly,Icanaskforhelp.tradeunion

organisation

industry

sector3.

I'mdefinitelyanearly-bird.I'mmuchmore

_______

inthemorningsthanintheafternoons.underemployed

productive

overworked

operational4.

ThefirstthingInoticedaboutJapanwasthattheconveniencestoreswereopen

_______!Theyneverclosed!sporadically

fromdusktilldawn

24/7

onceinabluemoon5.

Imayhavebeenthe

_______

ofthiscompany,butyou,myson,willmakeitahugesuccessinthefuture.tradeunion

organisation

sector

founder參考答案閱讀課文并回答問(wèn)題。1.TrueorFalse?

BritishworkersarethemostproductiveinEurope.

False.EmployeesinDenmarkare24%moreproductivethanUKworkers.2.WhatcostisworkinglonghourstakingonUKworkers?

AccordingtotheTUC,'Britain'slong-hoursculture…isrobbingworkersofadecenthomelifeandtimewiththeirlovedones.'3.Howhasafour-dayweekbenefittedRichLeigh?

Afterayear,earningsandprofitsareupandsickdayshavehalved.4.WhydidtheWellcomeTrustnotmovetoafour-dayweek?

Manyemployeesworriedabouttheirfive-dayworkloadsbeingcompressedintojustfourdays.Theyalsowonderedifitwoulddistractfromtheircorework.5.WhatissuedoesEmeliaQuisthavewithafour-dayweek?

Shesaysthatthereisalottodobeforeitwillworkfordifferentsectors,forexample–socialcare,whichrequirespeoplepresent24/7.請(qǐng)?jiān)诓粎⒖颊n文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。選擇一個(gè)意思合適的單詞填入句子的空格處。1.I'mafraidIwon'thavetimetoplaythisweekend.I'vegotareallyheavy

workload

andImayhavetoworkSaturdayandSunday.2.Ialwaysjointheorganisation's

tradeunion.ThatwayifIfeelI'mbeingtreatedunfairly,Icanaskforhelp.3.I'mdefinitelyanearly-bird.I'mmuchmore

productive

inthemorningsthanintheafternoons.4.ThefirstthingInoticedaboutJapanwasthattheconveniencestoreswereopen

24/7.Theyneverclosed!5.Imayhavebeenthe

founder

ofthiscompany,butyou,myson,willmakeitahugesuccessinthefuture.狗狗幫助學(xué)生減壓導(dǎo)讀：狗對(duì)人類(lèi)的貢獻(xiàn)和幫助很多。它們不僅能做完美的寵物，還可以在很多方便給我們提供幫助?，F(xiàn)在，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們可以在大學(xué)里用來(lái)幫助學(xué)生減壓。本集“外刊精讀”介紹人類(lèi)最好的朋友是如何幫助在校學(xué)生減壓放松，克服考前緊張焦慮的情緒。一、語(yǔ)篇泛讀Somepeoplesaythatdogsare

man’sbestfriend

–good

companions,loyalandloveable.Ofcourse,theycanbemorethanjusta

pet

ascertain

breeds

areexcellentworkingdogstoo.Weknowabouttheamazinghelp

guidedogs

givetoblindpeopleand,morerecently,anewrolehasbeenfoundfortheanimals–workingas

therapydogs

inuniversities.ResearchbyWashingtonStateUniversityintheUS,hasfoundspendingtimewitha

pooch

canhelpstressedoutstudents.PatriciaPendryfromtheuniversitytoldtheBBCthatastudyof300undergraduateshadfoundweeklyhour-longsessionswithdogsbroughttotheuniversitybyprofessional

handlers

hadmadestressedstudentsat"highriskofacademicfailure"ordroppingout,"feelrelaxedandaccepted".Thedogshelpedthemtoconcentrate,learnandrememberinformation.Iknowthat

stroking

adoghelpsmetorelax;otherresearchhasshownthat

petting

animalscanreducestresshormonelevelsandanxiety,soitmakessensetointroducethemintoanenvironmentwherepeoplearestressed.TheBBC’seducationcorrespondentSeanCoughlanwritesthataround1,000campusesintheUSalreadyusetherapypetsandit’sbecomingmorecommonintheUK.Forexample,TheUniversityofMiddlesexhasemployed‘canine

teachingassistants’tohelpstoplonelystudentsdroppingout.FionaSuthers,headofclinicalskillsattheuniversity,saysthatfive

Labradors

hada“stringentassessment”toensuretheyhadtheright

temperament.

Butsheadds“it’shardtodescribetheimpactofjusthavingadoglyingdowninthecornerofaclass.”Usingdogsfortherapycanalsohelpthedogsthemselves.InWales,SwanseaUniversityStudents’Unionhasusedrescued

greyhounds

tohelpstudentsunwindbetweenexams.Sessionsallow

mistreated

and

abandoned

dogstointeractwithhumansandbegintotrustthemagain.StudentUnioneducationofficerChloeHutchinsontoldtheBBCthat“alotofstudentshavedogsathomeandmightbeabithomesick,especiallyaroundexamtimewhenitisstressfulandyoujustwantyourhomecomforts.”Soifyou’reastudentwho’sbeen

workinglikeadog,butyoustillfeellikeyouhaven’t

adog’schance

inpassingyourexams,maybeintroducinga

four-leggedfriend

intoyourlifemightbethehelpyouneed.二、詞匯表man’sbestfriend人類(lèi)最好的朋友，狗

companion伙伴

pet寵物

breed（動(dòng)植物的）品種

guidedog導(dǎo)盲犬

therapydog治療犬

pooch狗

handler訓(xùn)狗師

stroke撫摸，輕撫

pet愛(ài)撫，撫摸

canine犬的

Labrador拉布拉多犬

temperament性情，性格

greyhound靈緹犬

mistreated被虐待的

abandoned被遺棄的

worklikeadog勤奮地工作

adog’schance一點(diǎn)機(jī)會(huì)也沒(méi)有，毫無(wú)希望

four-leggedfriend四腿的朋友，狗三、測(cè)試與練習(xí)閱讀課文并回答問(wèn)題。1.Whatdid300undergraduatesintheUSfindaftertheyhadspentsometimewiththerapydogs?2.Whatcanreducestresshormonelevels?3.Trueorfalse?

GreyhounddogswereusedatSwanseaUniversitytohelpabandonedandmistreatedstudents.4.HowdidstaffattheUniversityofMiddlesexknowthetherapydogstheyusedhadtherighttemperament?5.Whichphraseusedinthearticlemeans‘leavingsomethingbeforeyouhavefinishedwhatyouhadplannedtodo’?請(qǐng)?jiān)诓粎⒖颊n文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。選擇一個(gè)意思合適的單詞填入句子的空格處。1.Mybrotherisagoodtravel_______,soIoftengoonholidaywithhim.handler

pet

companion

pooch2.Theanimalrescuecentreislookingfordonationstohelp

_______horses.mistreating

mistreated

mistreat

mistreats3.I’vebeen

_______togetthisprojectfinished–butI’malmostdoneandthenI’mgoingonholiday!workinglikeadog

workingwithadog

workedlikeadog

worklikeadog4.Mygirlfriendhasafiery

_______-shelikestoargueabouteverythingbutIstillloveher!stroking

dog’schance

breed

temperament5.Thehotelwasamazing–ithadallthe

_______suchacoffeemachine,asofaandahugeTV.homecomfortable

homecomfort

homecomforts

homingcomforts【參考答案】閱讀課文并回答問(wèn)題。1.Whatdid300undergraduatesintheUSfindaftertheyhadspentsometimewiththerapydogs?

Theyfoundspendingtimewithdogs,

helpedthemtoconcentrate,learnandremember

information.2.Whatcanreducestresshormonelevels?

Researchhasshownthatpetting–orstroking-animalscanreducestresshormonelevelsandanxiety.3.Trueorfalse?

GreyhounddogswereusedatSwanseaUniversitytohelp