翻譯技巧-長(zhǎng)難句翻譯

會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1翻譯技巧——長(zhǎng)難句翻譯一、英語(yǔ)句型1.簡(jiǎn)單句2.復(fù)合句3.并列句第1頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)1.簡(jiǎn)單句（onesubject-predicateconstruction）

Hegotupat6thismorning.Thismorning,hegotupat6,washedhisface,hadasimplebreakfast,andthenwenttoschool.第2頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)2.復(fù)合句（mainclause+subordinateclause）主語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句

形容詞性從句定語(yǔ)從句

主句+從屬分句時(shí)間地點(diǎn)原因結(jié)果副詞性從句狀語(yǔ)從句條件

方式目的讓步比較第3頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)3.并列句（<subject+predicate>+<subject+predicate>+<…>）Thismorning,hegotupat6,washedhisface,hadasimplebreakfast,andthenhewenttoschool.并列連詞：

and,but,so,or,fornotonly…butalso;ononehand…ontheotherhand;foronething…foranother;neither…nor;either…or;…第4頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)4.復(fù)雜句并列句（復(fù)合句）復(fù)合句（并列句）

第5頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)AsreportscametoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspotted35milessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously,butasevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfeltobligedtoinvestigateforthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawereextraordinarilysimilar.第6頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)二、長(zhǎng)難句的翻譯1.句法解構(gòu)第7頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)grammaticalstructureChinesenativerangetranslationlogicalrelationshipsbetweensubordinatedclausesanalysisanalysisProcessoftheTranslationalongsentence第8頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)剔除枝葉，析出主干第9頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)Thetobaccoindustry,coupledwithHollywoodmoviesinwhichbothmaleandfemaleheroessmokedlikechimneys,completelywonoverpeoplelikemyfather,whowerehopelesslyhookedbycigarettes.煙草業(yè)，再加上好萊塢電影——影片中的男女主角都是老煙鬼——把像我父親那樣的人完完全全爭(zhēng)取了過(guò)去，他們無(wú)可救藥地抽煙上了癮。

SPO第10頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)Thenearestpersonhecouldcontactbyradio,hecouldn’thelpthinkingifsomethingshouldhappen,wouldbeonanisland225milesaway.第11頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)2.翻譯方法1）順譯第12頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)

Studiesshowthatdoctorssincerelybelievethattheseriouslyilldonotwantto knowthetruthabouttheircondition,andthatinformingthemrisksdestroyingtheirhope,sothattheymayrecovermoreslowly,ordeterioratefaster,perhapsevencommitsuicide.研究結(jié)果表明，大多數(shù)醫(yī)生深信身患重病的人不想知道他們的真實(shí)病情。如果告知實(shí)情，則有可能使他們完全失去希望;從而使他們恢復(fù)得更慢，或惡化得更快，甚至自尋短見(jiàn)。ObjectClauseObjectClauseObjectClauseAdverbialClause第13頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)

Inthesepoorcountries,asinAmericaninnercitiesandonreservations,moneythatshouldbespentforfoodgoesinsteadtothetobaccocompanies;overtime,peoplestarvethemselvesofbothfoodandair,effectivelyweakeningandhookingtheirchildren,eventuallykillingthemselves.SP第14頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)就像在美國(guó)的市中心和印第安人的居留地上發(fā)生的事一樣，在這些貧困的國(guó)家里，那些本應(yīng)該花在食物上的錢(qián)卻流進(jìn)了煙草公司。久而久之，人們不但缺少食物，而且還缺少空氣，這樣不但大大削弱了孩子們的體質(zhì)，還使他們?nèi)旧狭藷煱a,最終使他們喪命。第15頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)2.換序狀語(yǔ)提前

第16頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)IrealizenowthatasachildIsatby,throughtheyears,andliterallywatchedmyfatherkillhimself:surelyonesuchvictoryinmyfamily,fortheprosperousleaderswhoownthetobaccocompanies,isenough.

現(xiàn)在，我意識(shí)到了，當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，許多年中，我實(shí)際上是一直坐在旁邊，看著我父親自殺。對(duì)于那些生意興隆的煙草公司的巨頭們來(lái)說(shuō)，能在我家取得這樣一種勝利，肯定是夠滿意了。PSPSP第17頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)

總分（先籠統(tǒng)后明確）

分總（先明確后籠統(tǒng)）第18頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)

Andyetthisisonlyapart,andprobablyarelativelyminorpart,ofthemoreseriousandvastlygreaterproblemofthemaintenanceofthegenetichealthofthehumanspecies.保護(hù)人類(lèi)基因健康是個(gè)更加需要認(rèn)真對(duì)待的、不知要重大多少的問(wèn)題，但以上所述不過(guò)是問(wèn)題的一個(gè)方面，而且相對(duì)說(shuō)來(lái)還是很次要的一個(gè)方面。第19頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)P(yáng)racticeThefirstmentostudythenatureofelectricitycouldnotimagine②thattheirexperiments,carriedonbecauseofmereintellectualcuriosity,wouldeventuallyleadtomodernelectricaltechnology,③withoutwhichwecanscarcelyconceiveofcontemporarylife.第20頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)那些最早研究電的性質(zhì)的人們可能并沒(méi)有料到,他們那些只是出于求知的欲望而進(jìn)行的實(shí)驗(yàn),最終竟產(chǎn)生了現(xiàn)代電業(yè)科技,而沒(méi)有這種科技我們當(dāng)今的生活簡(jiǎn)直是不可想象的。（①--②--③）第21頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)①HehadflowninjustthedaybeforefromGeorgia②wherehehadspenthisvacationbaskingintheCaucasiansun③afterthecompletionoftheconstructionjob④hehadbeenengagedininthesouth第22頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)他本來(lái)在南方從事一項(xiàng)建筑工程；任務(wù)完成之后，他就上喬治亞去度假，享受高加索的陽(yáng)光，昨天才坐飛機(jī)回來(lái)。（④--③--②--①）（按照時(shí)間的先后順序安排）第23頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)①I(mǎi)feel②thateverybookopensbeforemeawindow③throughwhichIseeanunthinkablynewworld④whenthebooktellsmeaboutnever-heardofandnever-seencharacters,sentiment,ideasandattitudes.第24頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)我覺(jué)得，當(dāng)書(shū)本給我講到聞所未聞，見(jiàn)所未見(jiàn)的人物、感情、思想和態(tài)度時(shí)，似乎是每一本書(shū)都在我面前打開(kāi)了一扇窗戶，讓我看到了一個(gè)不可思議的新世界。（①--④--③--②）第25頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)QuizinClass1.Thereisalsoaninformalnetworkofconnectionsthatenablesageneraltocallascientisttogethissontobeadmittedtoaninstitute,ascientisttowrangleareturndraftdeferment,oramoviescriptwriterwhohasproducedagoodSovietspyfilmtocallthesecurityservicestogetpermissionforhiswifeanddaughtertotraveltotheWest.第26頁(yè)/共31頁(yè)2.Asheclimbedonthechairatnighttowindtheold,long-pendulumed,double-weightedclock,orwentfinallytothefrontandthebackdoortoseethattheyweresafelyshutin,itwasacomforttoknowthatPhoebewasthere,probablyensconcedonhersideofthebed,andthatifhestirredrestlesslyinthenight,shewoul