四川省達州市靖安中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

四川省達州市靖安中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.—Whatisthepolicemandoing?—Heraiseshisarmasa(n)______forustostop.A.mark

B.signalC.application

D.goal參考答案：B考查名詞辨析。句意為“那位警察在做什么？”“他抬起手臂示意我們停下?！盇.mark記號

B.Signal信號，手勢C.application應(yīng)用

D.goal目標(biāo)。B符合題意，故選B。2.Eithertheguidesortheteamleader________lookingafterthestudentsthen.

A.are

B.were

C.is

D.was

參考答案：D3.Smokingpollutesair.You______smokehere.A.won’t

B.can’t

C.oughtnotto

D.needn’t參考答案：C4.Itwasalreadydark.Then,Iwonderhowshe______throughtheforestbyherself.A.darednottogo B.daregoing C.notdareto D.daredtogo參考答案：D【詳解】考查固定用法。句意：天已經(jīng)黑了。然后，我想知道她怎么敢一個人穿過森林。dare做情態(tài)動詞時通用于所有人稱，后接動詞原形；用作實義動詞時，跟其他動詞一樣，借助助動詞構(gòu)成否定句和疑問句。故選D。5.

________intheregulations(規(guī)定)thatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.A.Whatisrequired

B.Whatrequires

C.itrequires

D.Itisrequired參考答案：D6.Toavoid________thesamemistake，hekeptcheckingthepaperagainandagain.A．tomake

B．ofmakingC．formaking

D．making參考答案：D考查avoid的用法。avoid避免，后接名詞或動名詞作賓語。句意為：為避免犯同樣的錯誤，他一遍一遍地檢查試卷。7.________isthecentreofourplanetarysystemwasadifficultconcepttograspintheMiddleAges.A.It’sthesunandnottheearth B.ThesunandnottheearthC.Beingthesunandnottheearth D.Thatthesunandnottheearth參考答案：D【詳解】考查主語從句。句意：太陽而不是地球是我們行星系統(tǒng)的中心，這在中世紀(jì)是一個很難理解的概念。分析句子可知，整個句子為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，was為系動詞，它之前的都為主語，且主語由句子來充當(dāng)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)以及句意完整，所以連詞代詞為that。故選D項。【點睛】當(dāng)that用作連接詞，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時，可引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句，that在從句中既不充當(dāng)任何成分，也無實際意義，僅起著連接句子的作用。一般不可省略。分析句子可知，整個句子為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，was為系動詞，它之前的都為主語，且主語由句子來充當(dāng)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)以及句意完整，所以連詞代詞為that。故選D項。

8.Weshouldlearnfromthose___arealwaysreadytohelpothers.A.who

B.whom

C.they

D.that參考答案：A9.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thecompanyproduced___in2012astheyearbefore.A.astwicemanycomputers

B.twicemanyascomputersC.twiceasmanycomputers

D.asmanycomputerstwice參考答案：C略10.MysonhaschangedsomuchthatIcouldhardly__________hisvoiceonthephone.A.hear

B.realize

C.recognize

D.find參考答案：C11.Only_____peoplecanhaveagoodunderstandingofthelecturegivenbythescientist.A.educated B.devoted C.concerned D.relaxed參考答案：A12.—CouldyoupleasefeedmypetdogformewhileI’maway?—____________.A.It’sapleasure

B.Mypleasure

C.Withpleasure

D.You’rewelcome參考答案：C試題分析：句意：——當(dāng)我不在時你能幫我喂我的寵物狗嗎？——樂意效勞。It’saPleasure.與Youarewelcome.意義相同,用于當(dāng)別人對你說Thankyou.時,即“不用謝”。Withpleasure與Allright,Noproblem.I’dliketo等習(xí)語意義相同.用于別人求你做某事,你很樂意去做的時候。Mypleasure是相當(dāng)正式的說法,意思是“我的榮幸之至”。此處是口語，故選C.13.In_______Chineseculture,marriagedecisionswereoftenmadebyparentsfortheirchildren,whichdefinitelydoesn'tworknow.A.historic B.remote C.traditional D.initial參考答案：C14.—Doyouneedanyhelp，Lucy?—Yes.Thejobis________Icoulddomyself.A．lessthan

B．morethanC．nomorethan

D．notmorethan參考答案：B考查形容詞比較級的用法。lessthan少于，亞于；morethan多于，超過；nomorethan只不過；notmorethan至多，不多于。句意為：這工作超過了我力所能及的范圍。morethan后接帶有情態(tài)動詞的從句，指“(某事)超出了……的范圍”，符合題意。15.Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers________tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.A.gives B.hasgiven C.havegiven D.give參考答案：B【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在完成時與主謂一致。句意：在過去的三個月里，這名音樂家與他的樂隊成員已經(jīng)完成了十場演出。由“inthelastthreemonths”可知，這句話的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時，故排除AD選項。本句主語為themusician，為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，句中的“alongwithhisbandmembers”是附加成分，故謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故選B。16.LetHarryplaywithyourtoysaswell,Clare----youmustlearnto_______A.support B.care C.spare D.share參考答案：D17.Ilikemovies,and_____A.soTomdoes

B.norTomdoesC.nordoesTom

D.sodoesTom參考答案：D18.AmericanIndians________aboutfivepercentofthepopulationofAmerica.A.makeup

B.setupC.putup

D.giveup參考答案：A【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：美國印第安人大約占美國人口總數(shù)的5％。A.makeup占（比例，成分等）；B.setup建立；C.putup建造；D.giveup放棄，故選A。19.Weshouldplantalotoftreesinthemountain.Theycan_____thesand______awaybytherainwater.

A.protect,frombeingwashed

B.keep,washed

C.prevent,washing

D.stop,towash參考答案：A二、完型填空20.閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。MyFirstJobIwassixwhenIjoinedmyfatherandtwoelderbrothersatsunriseinthefieldsofEufaula,Okla.

36

thetimeIwaseightIwashelpingDadfixupoldfurniture.HegavemeacentforeverynailI

37

outofoldboards.Igotmyfirst

38

job,atJM’sRestaurantintown,whenIwas12.Mymainresponsibilities（職責(zé)）were

39

tablesandwashingdishes,

40

sometimesIhelpedcook.EverydayafterschoolIwould

41

toJM’sandworkuntilten.EvenonSaturdaysI

42

fromtwountileleven.Atthatageitwasdifficultgoingtoworkand

43

myfriendsrunofftoswimorplay.Ididn’tnecessarilylikework,butIlovedwhatworking

44

metohave.Becauseofmy

45

IwasalwaystheonebuyingwhenmyfriendsandIwenttothelocalTasteeFreez.Thismademe

46

.WordthatIwastrustworthyandhard-working

47

aroundtown.Alocalclothingstoreofferedmecredit(賒帳)

48

Iwasonlyinseventhgrade.Iimmediately

49a$68sportscoatanda$22pairofshoes.Iwas

50

only65centsanhour,andIalreadyowedthestorekeeper$90!SoIlearned

51

thedangerofeasycredit.Ipaidit

52

assoonasIcould.Myfirstjobtaughtmeself-control,responsibilityandbroughtmea

53

ofpersonalsatisfactionfewofmyfriendshadexperienced.Asmyfather,

54workedthreejobs,oncetoldme,“Ifyou

55

sacrifice(奉獻)andresponsibility,therearenotmanythingsinlifeyoucan’thave.”Howrighthewas!

36.A.By

B.Within

C.From

D.Before37.A.put

B.pulled

C.picked

D.pressed38.A.usual

B.main

C.real

D.particular39.A.sweeping

B.packing

C.emptying

D.clearing40.A.or

B.but

C.so

D.even41.A.turn

B.head

C.change

D.move42.A.worked

B.studied

C.played

D.slept43.A.helping

B.watching

C.having

D.letting44.A.asked

B.told

C.allowed

D.promised45.A.study

B.job

C.age

D.power46.A.friendly

B.proud

C.lucky

D.hopeful47.A.got

B.ran

C.flew

D.carried48.A.while

B.although

C.if

D.since49.A.sold

B.borrowed

C.wore

D.charged50.A.keeping

B.paying

C.making

D.taking51.A.gradually

B.early

C.hardly

D.greatly52.A.off

B.over

C.away

D.out53.A.point

B.part

C.sense

D.sign54.A.who

B.that

C.he

D.whoever55.A.demand

B.understand

C.offer

D.fear參考答案：36-40ABCDB

41-45BABCB

46-50BABDC

51-55BACAB21.IfyouhavebeentoHarbininwinter,butdidn’thavea___21___toseepeopledowinter-swimming,Iamsureyouwillfeelit’sa(n)___22___.Canyouimagineswimminginariverwiththetemperaturebeingabout10degreesbelowzero?Thiswouldbe___23___tothepeoplefromtheSouth.IfyouwereontheSonghuajiangRiver,youcouldnothelp___24___thosebraveswimmers.Ifeltgreatlyexcitedaswellas___25___whenIfirstsawthewinter-swimming,thoughitwasverycoldthatday,theswimmerswereonlywearing___26___clothes,whileallthepeoplewatchingwerehavingheavyclothescoveringalltheirbodieswithonlytwo___27___visible.Ihadthoughtthattheriverwaswarm,butit___28___muchcoldwhenIdippedmyhandintotheriverwater.Whatexcitedmemostwasthewaythey___29___intotheriverfromthehighice-platformandthestylesinwhichtheyswam,____30____butterfly-strokeandback-stroke.Myunclehasbeen____31____aboutwinter-swimmingforseveralyears.NowheisamemberoftheWinterSwimmingClub.OnceIaskedhim,“Aren’tyouafraidofcold?Haveyougota____32____fromit?”Smiling,hesaid,“____33____wehaveastrongwill,wecansurelyovercomeany____34____anddifficulties.Ihaven’tgotacoldatall.Onthecontrary,Ihavebecome____35____thanIwasbefore.”That’strue,he____36____sufferfrombronchitis.However,sincehebegantolikeswimming,hehasbeenfully____37____fromthedisease.Today,moreandmorepeopleare____38____joininginthewinter-swimming,includingwomenandchildren.Thisactivityshowsthegreat____39____andstrongwillofthepeopleinHarbinwhichIthinkisjustwhatwe____40____inourworkandstudyaswell.21.A.partner B.car C.chance D.plan22.A.failure B.pity C.disadvantage D.wonder23.A.unforgettable B.hopeful C.valuable D.unbelievable24.A.admiring B.encouraging C.cheering D.supporting25.A.surprised B.regretful C.doubtful D.frightened26.A.thin B.working C.swimming D.short27.A.ears B.hands C.feet D.eyes28.A.seemed B.felt C.tasted D.remained29.A.walked B.dived C.rushed D.fell30.A.suchas B.aboveall C.forexample D.apartfrom31.A.worried B.concerned C.crazy D.nervous32.A.medal B.prize C.fever D.cold33.A.Evenif B.Eventhough C.Aslongas D.Eversince34.A.dangers B.fears C.risks D.shortcomings35.A.younger B.happier C.heavier D.healthier36.A.startedto B.cameto C.usedto D.continuedto37.A.recovered B.freed C.prevented D.separated38.A.actively B.formally C.gladly D.regularly39.A.kindness B.determination C.intelligence D.courage40.A.expect B.need C.dream D.train參考答案：21.C

22.B

23.D

24.A

25.A

26.C

27.D

28.B

29.B

30.A

31.C

32.D

33.C

34.B

35.D

36.C

37.A

38.A

39.D

40.B【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了在哈爾濱越來越多人積極參加冬季游泳活動?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.partner伙伴；B.car汽車；C.chance機會；D.plan計劃。haveachancetodosth.有機會做某事。但沒有機會看到人們冬泳。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.failure失??；B.pity遺憾；C.disadvantage缺點；D.wonder奇跡。根據(jù)前句IfyouhavebeentoHarbininwinter,butdidn’thavea___1___toseepeopledowinter-swimming,可知，我相信你會覺得很遺憾。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.unforgettable難以忘記的；B.hopeful懷有希望的；C.valuable有價值的；D.unbelievable難以置信的。根據(jù)前句Canyouimagineswimminginariverwiththetemperaturebeingabout10degreesbelowzero?可知，這對南方人來說是難以置信的。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.admiring欽佩；B.encouraging鼓勵；C.cheering歡呼；D.supporting支持。如果你在松花江上，你會情不自禁地欽佩那些勇敢的游泳者。故選A。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.surprised驚訝的；B.regretful遺憾的；C.doubtful懷疑的；D.frightened害怕的。當(dāng)我第一次看到冬季游泳時，我感到既興奮又驚訝。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.thin薄的；B.working勞動的；C.swimming游泳的；D.short短的。根據(jù)后句whileallthepeoplewatchingwerehavingheavyclothescoveringalltheirbodieswithonlytwo___7___visible.對比可知，雖然那天很冷，但游泳的人只穿了泳衣。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.ears耳朵；B.hands手；C.feet腳；D.eyes眼睛。而所有觀看的人都穿著厚厚的衣服，只露出兩只眼睛。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.seemed看起來；B.felt感覺；C.tasted嘗起來；D.remained保持。我以為河水很暖和，但當(dāng)我把手伸進河里時，卻感到很冷。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.walked行走；B.dived跳水；C.rushed沖；D.fell倒下。最令我興奮的是他們從高高的冰臺上跳入水中的方式，以及他們游泳的姿勢，如蝶泳和仰泳。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查短語詞義辨析。A.suchas例如；B.aboveall首先；C.forexample例如；D.apartfrom除了。forexample作“例如”講時，一般只以同類事物或人中的“一個”為例；而suchas作為“例如”講，用來列舉同類人或事物中的幾個例子。最令我興奮的是他們從高高的冰臺上跳入水中的方式，以及他們游泳的姿勢，如蝶泳和仰泳。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.worried擔(dān)心的；B.concerned關(guān)心的；C.crazy瘋狂的；D.nervous緊張的。短語becrazyabout對……非常喜歡。我叔叔酷愛冬季游泳已有好幾年了。故選C。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.medal獎?wù)拢籅.prize獎品；C.fever發(fā)熱；D.cold感冒。根據(jù)后句Ihaven’tgotacoldatall.提示可知，這里問“你感冒過嗎?”故選D?！?3題詳解】考查短語詞義辨析。A.Evenif即使；B.Eventhough即使；C.Aslongas只要；D.Eversince從那時起。只要我們有堅強的意志，我們一定能克服任何恐懼和困難。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.dangers危險；B.fears害怕；C.risks冒險；D.shortcomings缺點。只要我們有堅強的意志，我們一定能克服任何恐懼和困難。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.younger更年輕的；B.happier更快樂的；C.heavier更重的；D.healthier更健康的。根據(jù)前句Ihaven’tgotacoldatall.可知，相反，我比以前更健康了。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。A.startedto開始；B.cameto總計；C.usedto過去常常；D.continuedto繼續(xù)。他過去患支氣管炎。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.recovered恢復(fù)；B.freed釋放；C.prevented阻止；D.separated分開。自從他開始喜歡游泳以來，他的病已經(jīng)完全恢復(fù)了。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.actively積極地；B.formally正式地；C.gladly高興地；D.regularly有規(guī)律地。越來越多的人積極參加冬季游泳，包括婦女和兒童。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.kindness善意；B.determination決心；C.intelligence智力；D.courage勇氣。這項活動展示了哈爾濱人民的極大的勇氣和堅強的意志。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.expect期望；B.need需要；C.dream夢想；D.train訓(xùn)練。我認(rèn)為這正是我們工作和學(xué)習(xí)所需要的。故選B?！军c睛】本文是一篇記敘類的完形填空，難度中等偏易。文章邏輯性較強，只要讀懂文章大意，基本能選出正確答案?？忌龃送晷翁羁諘r，要充分理解文章大意，特別注重語境的理解，前后句之間的聯(lián)系，在語境中斟酌所選的答案。如小題3考查的是形容詞詞義的辨析，我們需要根據(jù)前句Canyouimagineswimminginariverwiththetemperaturebeingabout10degreesbelowzero?可知，很難想象在零下10度以下在河里游泳，從而根據(jù)語境推知這對南方人來說是難以置信的，從而選出正確的答案。三、閱讀理解22.Abusinessmanlosthiswallet.Therewasplentyofmoneyinit.Sohemadeapromise,"Ifsomeonefindsmywalletandreturnsittome,I'llgivehalfthemoneytohim."Adustmanfoundthewalletinadustbin.Hesentitbacktotheloser.Butthebusinessmanchangedhismind."Therewasstilladiamondringinmywallet,"saidtheloser,"Iwon'tgivehalfthemoneyinmywallettoyouuntilyoureturnittome!""I'veneverseenadiamondringinthewallet,"saidthedustman.Theybegantoquarrel.Thebusinessmanrefusedtodowhathehadsaid.Thedustmanbecameangryandtookhimbeforeajudge.Afterthejudgeheardwhathadhappenedtothem,hesaidtothebusinessman,"I'msureyouareanhonestman.It'struethatyouhavelostawalletinwhichtherewasadiamondring.Butit'salsoclearthatthereisonlyalotofmoneyinthiswallet.Idon'tthinkit'syours.Waitforsometime.Perhapssomeonewillbeabletoreturnyourwallettoyou!"Thenthejudgeturnedtothedustmanandsaid,"Takethewallethome.Iftheloserdoesn'tgotogetitbackinthreedays,itwillbelongtoyou!"44.Thewalletthebusinessmanlost________.A.wasfoundinashopB.wassenttothejudgeC.wasfoundinadustbinD.wasnevertobefound45.Thebusinessmanwaseagertogetbackthewalletbecause_________.A.therewastheaddressofanimportantjudgeinit

B.therewasalotofmoneyinitC.heputinitadiamondringhehadjustboughtD.itwasaveryexpensiveone46.Havingheardwhathadhappened,thejudge_________.A.tookthesideofthebusinessman

B.madeawisedecisionC.tookpityontheloser

D.didnotknowwhattodo47.Wheredoyouthinkwasthediamondring?A.Thebusinessmanhidit.B.ThedustmankeptitC.Thejudgestoleit.D.Thestoryoftheringwasnothingbutalie.參考答案：CBBD23.Theideaofturningrecycledplasticbottlesintoclothingisnotnew.Duringthelastfiveyears,alargenumberofclothingcompanies,businessesandenvironmentalorganizationshavestartedturningplasticsintofabrictodealwithplasticpollution.Butthere’saproblemwiththismethod.Researchnowshowsthatmicrofiberscouldbethebiggestsourceofplasticinthesea.Dr.MarkBrowneinSantaBarbara,California,hasbeenstudyingplasticpollutionandmicrofibersfor10yearsnow.Heexplainsthateverytimesynthetic(合成的)clothesgointoawashingmachine,alargenumberofplasticfibersfalloff.Mostwashingmachinescan’tcollectthesemicrofibers.Soeverytimethewatergetsoutofawashingmachine,microfibersareenteringthesewersandfinallyendupinthesea.In2011,Brownewroteapaperstatingthatasinglepieceofsyntheticclothingcanproducemorethan1,900fibersperwash.Brownecollectedsamplesfromseawaterandfreshwatersitesaroundtheworld,andusedaspecialwaytoexamineeachsample.Hediscoveredthateverysinglewatersamplecontainedmicrofibers.Thisisbadnewsforanumberofreasons.Plasticcancauseharmtosealifewheneaten.Studieshavealsoshownthatplasticcanabsorbotherpollutants.Basedonthisevidence,itmayseemsurprisingthatcompaniesandorganizationshavechosentoturnplasticwasteintoclothingasanenvironmental“solution.”Eventhoughthesciencehasbeenaroundforawhile,Browneexplainsthathe'shadadifficulttimegettingcompaniestolisten.Whenheaskedwell-knownclothingcompaniestosupportBenignbyDesign—hisresearchprojectthatseekstogetclothesthathaveabadeffectonhumansandtheenvironmentoutofthemarket,Brownedidn’tgetasatisfyinganswer.Onlyonewomen’sclothingcompany,EileenFisher,offeredBrownefunding.12.Whathashappenedduringthepastfiveyears?A.Fabrichasbecomemuchstronger.B.Plasticpollutionhasbeenlessserious.C.Manyplasticbottleshavebeenreused.D.Microfibershavebeengreatlyimproved.13.WhatdoesBrownethinkofwashingsyntheticclothes?A.Itisaddingmicrofiberstotheclothes.B.Itisworseningenvironmentalproblems.C.Itismakingsyntheticclotheslastlonger.D.Itisdoinggreatdamagetowashingmachines.14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutBrowne’sBenignbyDesignresearchproject?A.Ithasachievedgreatsuccess. B.Ithasn’tgotanythingdone.C.Itisknowntoveryfewpeople. D.Itisfacingsom