初中英語(yǔ)中考復(fù)習(xí) 精品解析：浙江省寧波市2020年中考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

寧波市2020年初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語(yǔ)試題考生須知:1.全卷分試題卷I、試題卷Ⅱ和答題卷。試題卷共8頁(yè),有6個(gè)大題,71個(gè)小題。滿分為120分,考試時(shí)間為100分鐘。2.請(qǐng)將姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)分別填寫(xiě)在試題卷和答題卷的規(guī)定位置上。3.答題時(shí),把試題卷I的答案在答題卷I上對(duì)應(yīng)的選項(xiàng)位置用2B鉛筆涂黑、涂滿。將試題卷Ⅱ答案用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě),答案必須按照題號(hào)順序在答題卷Ⅱ各題目規(guī)定區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,做在試題卷上或超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答策無(wú)效。試題卷I一、完形填空閱讀下面短文,掌握大意,然后從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Oneday,whileIwaswalkinginthepark,Inoticedalittlegirl.Barefoot(赤腳的)and___1___,shewassilentanddidnotsayaword.Shewas___2___allthepeoplegoingby.Everybodyjustpassedbyanddidnotpayanyattentionto___3___.ThenextdayIwentbacktothatparktoseeifthegirlwas___4___there.Tomysurprise,shewasrightthere,sadlylookingaround.Ibeganto___5___her,asatthattimeaparkfullof___6___wasnotagoodplaceforsmallkidstoplayalone.Iwenttowardsthegirland___7___noticedthatsomethingwaswrongwithherback.Athoughtcrossedmymindthatmaybethiswasthereasonwhyeveryonewas___8___heranddidnottrytohelp.IgotcloserandsmiledtoletherknowthatIwastheretotalk,to___9___.Istartedwith"Hello"andthensatdown____10____her.Thegirlwasverysurprised,____11____,afteralonglookintomyeyes,shereplied,"Hi".Wetalkedandtalked,somanyhourspassedbyand____12____came.Theparkbecamesilentand____13____.ThenIcarefullyaskedthelittlegirl____14____shewassosadandlonely."Iamdifferent,that'swhy."washer____15____.Iagreedwithherandsmiled."Yes,youare!"andthenI____16____,"Butyouremindmeofasweetangel(天使)fulloflove."Sheslowly____17____up,smiledandsaid,"Really?"Shenoddedherheadand____18____herwings,adding,"Iamanangel."Iwasso____19____thatIcouldn'tsayaword."Thinkofsomeoneelsebesidesyourself—thatwasthe____20____ofmyjobhere."Withthesewords,shedisappearedintothesky.1.A.rich B.dirty C.happy D.cool2.A.watching B.leaving C.hearing D.feeling3.A.it B.them C.her D.me4.A.always B.still C.ever D.once5.A.laughat B.playwith C.talkto D.worryabout6.A.policemen B.children C.strangers D.cleaners7.A.hardly B.carefully C.luckily D.suddenly8.A.asking B.avoiding C.missing D.loving9.A.help B.play C.answer D.stay10.A.behind B.over C.beside D.around11.A.so B.till C.unless D.however12.A.rain B.snow C.darkness D.warmth13.A.crowded B.empty C.tiny D.special14.A.why B.when C.where D.whether15.A.advice B.reply C.praise D.excuse16.A.continued B.cried C.waved D.sang17.A.woke B.stood C.gave D.put18.A.spread B.pushed C.beat D.folded19.A.bored B.relaxed C.amazed D.interested20.A.resolution B.difficulty C.dream D.purpose【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.B5.D6.C7.D8.B9.A10.C11.D12.C13.B14.A15.B16.A17.B18.A19.C20.D【解析】本文講述了作者在公園里看到一個(gè)孤單并且悲傷的小女孩，作者上前想幫助這個(gè)小女孩，沒(méi)想到最后小女孩告訴他，其實(shí)她是一個(gè)天使?！?題詳解】句意：有一天，當(dāng)我在公園散步時(shí)，我看到一個(gè)小女孩赤著腳并臟臟的，她很沉默，沒(méi)有說(shuō)一句話。rich富有的；dirty臟的；happy高興的；cool冷酷的。and表并列關(guān)系連詞，根據(jù)and前Barefoot，可知，赤著腳肯定會(huì)很臟，所以空格處填dirty。故選B。【2題詳解】句意：她正看著所有路過(guò)的人。watching觀看；leaving離開(kāi)；hearing聽(tīng)；feeling感到。根據(jù)下文Tomysurprise,shewasrightthere,sadlylookingaround，可知，這個(gè)小女孩坐在公園里看著周圍路過(guò)的人，所以空格處填watching。故選A?！?題詳解】句意：每個(gè)人只是路過(guò)，并沒(méi)有注意到她。it它；them他們；her她；me我。根據(jù)上文Shewaswatchingallthepeoplegoingby，可知，路過(guò)的人并沒(méi)有注意到她，此空指代上文提到的littlegirl，是女性，所以空格處填her。故選C?！?題詳解】句意：第二天我再次回到那個(gè)公園，看看是否她還仍然在那。always總是；still仍然；ever曾經(jīng)；once一次。根據(jù)ThenextdayIwentbacktothatparktosee，可知，作者再次回到那個(gè)公園的目的是看看小女孩是否仍然在那，所以空格處填still。故選B。【5題詳解】句意：我開(kāi)始擔(dān)心她，因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)候充滿了陌生人的公園不是一個(gè)適合孩子獨(dú)自玩耍的好地方。laughat嘲笑；playwith玩耍；talkto談話；worryabout擔(dān)心。根據(jù)notagoodplaceforsmallkidstoplayalone，可知作者擔(dān)心她，所以空格處用worryabout。故選D。【6題詳解】句意：我開(kāi)始擔(dān)心她，因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)候充滿了陌生人的公園不是一個(gè)適合孩子獨(dú)自玩耍的好地方。policemen警察；children孩子們；strangers陌生人；cleaners清潔工。根據(jù)Ibegantoworryabouther，可知，作者擔(dān)心她是因?yàn)楣珗@里到處都是陌生人，所以空格處填strangers。故選C?！?題詳解】句意：我走向她，突然注意到她背部有些問(wèn)題。hardly幾乎不；carefully仔細(xì)地；luckily幸運(yùn)地；suddenly突然地。根據(jù)Iwenttowardsthegirl及somethingwaswrongwithherback，可知，作者走向她時(shí)才突然發(fā)現(xiàn)她背部有些問(wèn)題，所以空格處填suddenly。故選D?！?題詳解】句意：我腦子里閃過(guò)一個(gè)念頭，也許這就是為什么每個(gè)人都避開(kāi)她的原因，并且沒(méi)有嘗試去幫助她。asking要求；avoiding避開(kāi)；missing錯(cuò)過(guò)；loving喜愛(ài)。根據(jù)前文Everybodyjustpassedby，可知，這時(shí)作者明白了為什么之前路過(guò)的人都在避開(kāi)她，所以空格處填avoiding。故選B?！?題詳解】句意：我笑著靠近，讓她知道我想跟她聊天和幫助她。help幫助；play玩耍；answer回答；stay停留。根據(jù)前文Athoughtcrossedmymindthatmaybethiswasthereasonwhyeveryonewasavoidingheranddidnottrytohelp，可知，其他人都避開(kāi)這個(gè)小女孩，而作者靠近她是為了想幫助她，所以空格處填help。故選A?！?0題詳解】句意：我從“你好”開(kāi)始并坐在她的旁邊。behind在……后面；over在……上；beside在旁邊；around在周圍。根據(jù)Istartedwith"Hello"及afteralonglookintomyeyes，可知，作者跟這個(gè)小姑娘打招呼后，就坐在她的旁邊，所以空格處填beside。故選C。【11題詳解】句意：這個(gè)小姑娘很驚訝，然而，久久地凝視我的眼睛后，她回答：“你好”。so所以；till直到；unless除非；however然而。根據(jù)Thegirlwasverysurprised及afteralonglookintomyeyes,shereplied,"Hi"，可知，剛開(kāi)始小女孩很驚訝，然而在凝視我的眼睛后，她開(kāi)始回復(fù)我，后文表轉(zhuǎn)折，所以空格處填however。故選D?！?2題詳解】句意：我們聊了又聊，幾個(gè)小時(shí)就這樣過(guò)去了，黑夜來(lái)臨了。rain雨；snow雪；darkness黑夜；warmth溫暖。根據(jù)somanyhourspassedby，可知，聊了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，天變黑了，所以空格處填darkness。故選C?！?3題詳解】句意：公園變得很寂靜并空蕩蕩的。crowded擁擠的；empty空的；tiny微小的；special特別的。根據(jù)darknesscame.Theparkbecamesilent，可知，黑夜來(lái)臨，公園變得很寂靜并空蕩蕩的，所以空格處填empty。故選B?！?4題詳解】句意：然后我小心翼翼地詢問(wèn)小女孩為什么如此悲傷和孤獨(dú)。why為什么；when什么時(shí)候；where哪里；whether是否。根據(jù)下文"Iamdifferent,that'swhy."，可知，作者問(wèn)她為什么如此悲傷和孤獨(dú)，所以空格處填why。故選A?！?5題詳解】句意：她回答：“我很不同，這就是原因”。advice建議；reply回答；praise表?yè)P(yáng)；excuse理由。根據(jù)上文ThenIcarefullyaskedthelittlegirlwhyshewassosadandlonely，可知，小女孩是回答作者問(wèn)她為什么如此悲傷和孤獨(dú)的原因，所以空格處填reply。故選B?！?6題詳解】句意：然后我繼續(xù)說(shuō)：“但是你讓我想起一個(gè)充滿愛(ài)的甜美天使”。continued繼續(xù)；cried哭；waved揮手；sang唱歌。根據(jù)Iagreedwithherandsmiled."Yes,youare!"可知，作者接著上一句話繼續(xù)跟小女孩說(shuō)她像一個(gè)天使，表述過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以空格處填continued。故選A?！?7題詳解】句意：她慢慢地站起來(lái)，并笑著說(shuō)：“真的嗎？”woke醒來(lái)；stood站起；gave給；put放。根據(jù)thensatdownbesideher，可知，剛開(kāi)始作者和小女孩坐在一起，所以此時(shí)小女孩是慢慢地站起來(lái)，表述過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以空格處填stood。故選B。【18題詳解】句意：她點(diǎn)頭并展開(kāi)她的翅膀，說(shuō)：“我就是一個(gè)天使”。spread展開(kāi)；pushed推；beat擊?。籪olded折疊。根據(jù)herwings,adding,"Iamanangel."可知，此時(shí)小女孩告訴作者，她就是一個(gè)天使，所以她是展開(kāi)了自己的翅膀，所以空格處填spread。故選A?！?9題詳解】句意：我如此吃驚，以至于我說(shuō)不出一句話。bored無(wú)聊的；relaxed放松的；amazed吃驚的；interested感興趣的。根據(jù)spreadherwings,adding,"Iamanangel."可知，作者看到小女孩突然展開(kāi)了她的翅膀變成一個(gè)天使，讓他很吃驚，所以空格處填amazed。故選C?！?0題詳解】句意：想想除了你以外的其他人，是我在這工作的目的。resolution決心；difficulty困難；dream夢(mèng)想；purpose目的。根據(jù)Thinkofsomeoneelsebesidesyourself，可知，這個(gè)小姑娘來(lái)到這的目的是為了讓其他人多想想除了自己以外的其他人，所以空格處填purpose。故選D。二、閱讀理解閱讀下面材料,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(A)T-shirt(men's)Short-sleevedshirt.Washable.Madeofcotton.Sizes:S(35/37)M(38/40).L(41/43)XL(44/46)Ordernumber:EnglandT-shirtKQ8149darkblueScotlandT-shirtKQ8151darkgreenWalesT-shirtKQ8279darkred$10Three-quarterlengthjacket(women's)Madeoffashionableleather(皮革)Fullylined.Length34ins.Donothandclean.Sizes:10,12,14,16,18Ordernumber:CQ8200darkblueCQ8201darkbrown$100(buythreegetonefree)INSUREYOURLEATHERJACKETagainstbeingstolenandaccidentaldamageFordetailsseePage1143.Swimsuit(women's)Softandcomfortable.Madeof:80%silk20%nylon.Sizes:10,12,14,16Ordernumber:GQ9292darkbrownGQ9963darkblue$1521.Whatyouhavejustreadisa/an______________.A.adforclothes B.moviereview C.newsreport D.foodorder22.Fromthepassageabove,wecanknowthat____________.A.theswimsuitismadeofsilkandcottonB.therearefivesizesavailablefortheT-shirtsC.theordernumberofthedarkbluejacketisCQ8200D.boththeT-shirtandthejacketcanbewashedbyhand23.Howmuchdoyouneedtopayifyougetfourjackets?A.$200. B.$300. C.$400. D.$500.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】文章大意：本文是出售衣服的廣告，每一則廣告里都介紹了一種服裝的具體信息，包括顏色、價(jià)格、尺碼、注意事項(xiàng)等。21題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文是出售衣服的廣告，每一則廣告里面都介紹了一種服裝的具體信息。所以我們讀到的是一則關(guān)于服裝甩賣的廣告，故答案選A.【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Swimsuit(women's)中的信息Madeof:80%silk，20%nylon.可知泳衣是由絲綢和尼龍而制成的，所以A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)T-shirt(men's)中的信息，Sizes:S(35/37)M(38/40).L(41/43),XL(44/46)，可知T恤有四種尺碼可供選擇，所以B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)Three-quarterlengthjacket(women's)中信息Ordernumber:CQ8200darkblue，可知深藍(lán)色夾克的訂單號(hào)是CQ8200，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)Three-quarterlengthjacket(women's)中的信息Donothandclean.不要洗手，可知D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故答案選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Three-quarterlengthjacket(women's)中的信息$100(buythreegetonefree)，可知夾克是一件$100，但是買三件就可以送一件，因此如果你買4件夾克，你需要付$300就可以了，故答案選B。(B)Monday,January21stI'mavirus(病毒)forthecommoncold.IthasbeenalongtimesinceIinfected(感染)humanslasttime.TodayItriedtoinfectaboyinaprimaryschoolallday.HisnameisSam.Iwaitedonhisdesktop,andwhenhetouchedthedeskIjumpedonhisfinger.Unluckily,Samdidn'ttouchhiseyes,mouthornose.Then,rightafterclass,hewashedhishands.NowI'mfullofsoapandsittinginasink!Tuesday,January22ndThismorningIjumpedintothenoseofSam'sbestfriend,Bill.Unluckily,themucus(粘液)inhisnosecaughtme.Ithoughtitwasoverforme,whensuddenlyBillsneezedwhilehewastalkingtoSam.IknewthatwouldsendmerightintoSam'sface!However,SamquicklygaveBillatissue,andBillsneezedintothatinstead!InfectingpeopleisharderthanIimagined.Wednesday,January23rdI'mfeelingveryunhappytoday.SomescientistscaughtmyfriendHarryandputhimunderamicroscope.Harryisafluvirusandhe'sadangerouslittleguy.Besides,Samatallhisvegetablestoday.He'sexercising,andhe'sgettingeighthoursofsleepeverynight.Hisbodyistoostrongforme!Thursday,January24thItriedtoinfectSamagaintoday,buthewashedhishandsfivetimesandnevertouchedhisface!Healsogavetissuestoeverystudentinhisclasswhowassneezing.It'simpossibletogivehimacold!SoIhavetogiveupandI'mmovingtoanotherschool.24.Accordingtothepassage,lifeofthevirusforthecommoncoldcouldbe________.A.easy B.lucky C.dangerous D.difficult25.Theunderlinedword"his"inthepassagerefersto_________.A.Sam's B.Bill's C.Harry's D.Bill'sfriend's26.Thewriteristryingtotellusthat________________.A.virusesfeelhappy,sadandangryjustaspeopledoB.weshouldbefriendlywhenotherpeoplearoundyouaresickC.it'simportanttoprotectyourownbodyagainstvirusesD.manyvirusesaroundusliketoinfectboysinprimaryschools27.Thebesttitleforthepassageabovemightbe"____________________".A.DangerofaVirus B.HabitofaVirus C.DiaryofaVirus D.LetterofaVirus【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.C【解析】本文是病毒以日記的方式，講述它想感染人類，但是它的目標(biāo)——薩姆一直都很注意衛(wèi)生，所以這個(gè)病毒的計(jì)劃失敗了，轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個(gè)學(xué)校尋找下一個(gè)目標(biāo)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)InfectingpeopleisharderthanIimagined及It'simpossibletogivehimacold!SoIhavetogiveupandI'mmovingtoanotherschool，可知，傳染給人類比想象中要更難，最后，病毒不能傳染薩姆感冒，所以不得不放棄，移到另一個(gè)學(xué)校。由此可知，普通感冒病毒的生存可能會(huì)很困難。故選D。【25題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)ThismorningIjumpedintothenoseofSam'sbestfriend,Bill，可知，病毒又跳進(jìn)了薩姆最好朋友比爾的鼻子里，所以his指代Bill’s。故選B?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。TodayItriedtoinfectaboyinaprimaryschoolallday；Unluckily,Samdidn'ttouchhiseyes,mouthornose；However,SamquicklygaveBillatissue,andBillsneezedintothatinstead；He'sexercising,andhe'sgettingeighthoursofsleepeverynight.Hisbodyistoostrongforme及ItriedtoinfectSamagaintoday,buthewashedhishandsfivetimesandnevertouchedhisface，由此可知，病毒試圖感染給薩姆，但是薩姆一直注意自己的衛(wèi)生，不用手觸摸眼睛，嘴巴或鼻子，別人打噴嚏時(shí)，薩姆及時(shí)遞給對(duì)方紙巾，并且薩姆每天堅(jiān)持鍛煉，勤洗手，所以最后病毒沒(méi)有感染薩姆。作者通過(guò)這個(gè)想告訴我們，注意個(gè)人衛(wèi)生，保護(hù)自己的身體免受病毒侵害。故選C?！?7題詳解】最佳標(biāo)題。根據(jù)每段的標(biāo)題Monday,January21st；Tuesday,January22nd；Wednesday,January23rd；Thursday,January24th，可知，本文是病毒以日記的方式記錄了，從它最初想感染一個(gè)小學(xué)生到最后失敗轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個(gè)學(xué)校的過(guò)程，所以最適合本文的標(biāo)題是“病毒的日記”。故選C。(C)RobotsAreNowTeachingEnglish!Getready.Robotsareabouttoinvadeourclassroom.FromKoreatoJapantotheUnitedStates,schoolsareputtingEnglish-speakingrobotsinfrontoftheirstudents.InKorea,robotsarethenewteachingassistantsinanumberofpreschoolsandkindergartens.Theyoungstudentssaythattherobotsarefun,butarethesechildrenreallylearninganything?Idon'tthinkacomputerwilleverbeabletodowhatateacherdoes.Ateacherhastobeabletorespondtostudentsasindividuals(個(gè)體).___28___▲___29___,andateacherhastochangehisorherteachingstyletofittheneedsofthestudent.Iseriouslydoubtthatacomputerwilleverbeabletodothiseventhoughthebigdata(數(shù)據(jù))iswidelyusedintheworld.Sarasays:Inmyopinion,schoolsshouldspendmoneytraininghumanteachersratherthanbuyingrobots.Researchshowsthatchildrenlearnmorefromrealspeakersthanfromrecordedconversations.Keikosays:Idon'tthinkyoucanlearnalanguagewithoutrealhumaninteraction.Afterall,robotscannotthinkashumansdo.Hassansays:Robotsmightbeabletohelppeoplelearnalanguage,butIdon'tthinktheyshouldreplaceteachersbecauserobotsarejustmachineswithouthumanfeelings.Nancysays:Ithinkrobotsmightbeveryhelpfulintheclassroom.Achildmightbelessafraidtomakeamistakeinfrontofarobotthaninfrontofarealperson.28.Theunderlinedword"invade"inPara1probablymeans________A.enter B.leave C.accept D.fight29.Whichofthefollowingcanbebestputin▲inPara.2?A.Eachteacherisdifferent B.EachstudentisdifferentC.Allteachersarehelpful D.Allstudentsarefun30.Ofthe4comments,________thinksthatrobotscouldgivelotsofhelptolearnersinclass.A.Sara B.Keiko C.Hassan D.Nancy31.What'sthewriter'sattitude(態(tài)度)towardsrobots'teachingEnglish?A.Uncaring. B.Supportive. C.Doubtful. D.Agreeable【答案】28.A29.B30.D31.C【解析】文章大意：機(jī)器人即將進(jìn)入我們的教室。從韓國(guó)到日本再到美國(guó)，學(xué)校都在把會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的機(jī)器人放在學(xué)生面前。在韓國(guó)，機(jī)器人成為許多幼兒園和幼兒園的新助教。針對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象，作者和其他的四個(gè)人對(duì)此發(fā)表了自己的評(píng)論?！?8題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文FromKoreatoJapantotheUnitedStates,schoolsareputtingEnglish-speakingrobotsinfrontoftheirstudents.InKorea,robotsarethenewteachingassistantsinanumberofpreschoolsandkindergartens.從韓國(guó)到日本再到美國(guó)，學(xué)校都在把會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的機(jī)器人放在學(xué)生面前。在韓國(guó)，機(jī)器人成為許多幼兒園和幼兒園的新助教?？芍颂幷f(shuō)的是機(jī)器人即將進(jìn)入我們的教室。所以invade應(yīng)該是“進(jìn)入、入侵”的意思，故答案選A。29題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文Ateacherhastobeabletorespondtostudentsasindividuals.老師必須能夠以個(gè)體的身份對(duì)學(xué)生做出反應(yīng)。以及下文andateacherhastochangehisorherteachingstyletofittheneedsofthestudent.教師必須改變教學(xué)方式以適應(yīng)學(xué)生的需要?？芍颂幈磉_(dá)的應(yīng)是“每個(gè)學(xué)生都不一樣”，所以教師應(yīng)該根據(jù)學(xué)生的需要改變教學(xué)方式，故答案選B。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Nancysays:Ithinkrobotsmightbeveryhelpfulintheclassroom.Nancy說(shuō)：我認(rèn)為機(jī)器人可能在課堂上很有幫助。可知，在這4條評(píng)論中，Nancy認(rèn)為機(jī)器人可以在課堂上給學(xué)習(xí)者很多幫助，故答案選D?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Iseriouslydoubtthatacomputerwilleverbeabletodothiseventhoughthebigdataiswidelyusedintheworld.盡管大數(shù)據(jù)在世界上得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用，但我非常懷疑計(jì)算機(jī)是否有能力做到這一點(diǎn)。可知，作者對(duì)機(jī)器人教英語(yǔ)是持有懷疑的態(tài)度的，故答案選C。(D)Inthefuture,peoplemaytraveltoMars(火星)bywater-poweredspaceship!Today'sspaceshipsarefineforgettingthingsintospace,buttheyarenotsogoodattravellinglongdistances.Thesespaceshipsburnchemicalfuels(燃料)andtheyareveryexpensive.Scientistssaythatawater-poweredspaceshipcouldmakethetriptoMarsmuchcheaper.Theideaisjustintheplanningstagesnow,butscientiststhinksuchaspaceshipcouldbedevelopedsoon.Thekeytothewater-poweredspaceshipistheengine(發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)).Regularenginespushspaceshipsbyburningfuel.Thewaterenginewillusesteam,createdbysolarpanels(太陽(yáng)能板)thatheatwatertoahightemperature.Ofcourse,thespaceshipwillhavetocarryalotofwaterforthelongtriptoMars.Today'sspaceshipscouldnotcarrythatmuchwater.Butscientiststhinkthataspaceshipblownuplikeaballoonwillbeableto.OneUScompanyhasalreadydevelopedaspaceshiplikethis.Thesespaceshipsaremadeofastrongmaterial.Twoofthemhavealreadybeensentupintospace,usingrocketsandthenlaterfilledwithair."Balloon"spaceshipscouldbeverylargeandcarryenoughwaterforalongtrip.Withthe"Balloon"spaceships,enoughwatercouldbecarriedtopowertheenginesandgrowfoodduringthetrip.Andthepeopleonthespaceshipmightevengettotakeahotbath!Scientistssaythebiggestadvantageofsuchaspaceshipwouldbecost.The"Balloon"spaceshipuseswatertopushitthroughspaceandcostsaboutonethirtiethofanormalspaceship.Suchsavingsnaturallyencouragecontinuedresearchintoballoonspaceshipsandwaterengines.Ifthesescientistsarecorrect,wemaysoonbeonourwaytoMarsinaspaceshippoweredbywater.32.Whichsentencebestdescribesthemainideaofthepassageabove?A.Thekeytothewater-poweredspaceshipistheengine.B.Inthefuture,peoplemaytraveltoMarsbywater-poweredspaceship.C.OneUScompanyhasalreadydevelopedaspaceshiplikethis.D.Scientistssaythebiggestadvantageofsuchaspaceshipwouldbecost.33.Whatdoyouthinkisomitted(省略)attheendoftheunderlinedsentence?A.usesteam B.pushspaceshipsC.heatwater D.carrythatmuchwater34.Besidesgrowingfood,whatelsemightastronautsdowiththerestofthewater?A.Takeahotbath. B.Freezedangerousthings.C.Blowupaballoon. D.ChangethesurfaceofMars.35.Onwhichwebsitecanweprobablyreadthispassage?A./power B./musicC./culture D./spaceflight【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.D【解析】本文介紹了水力飛船的原理和優(yōu)勢(shì)?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)Inthefuture,peoplemaytraveltoMars(火星)bywater-poweredspaceship，可知，本文主要介紹了在未來(lái)，人們可能會(huì)乘坐水力飛船去火星旅行，并介紹了這種飛船的原理和優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上一句“Today'sspaceshipscouldnotcarrythatmuchwater.”可知現(xiàn)在的飛船是不能攜帶太多的水，而新的飛船是可以的，故劃線處后面省略的是“carrythatmuchwater”。故選D。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Andthepeopleonthespaceshipmightevengettotakeahotbath，可知，宇航員甚至可以用剩下的水來(lái)洗個(gè)熱水澡。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Inthefuture,peoplemaytraveltoMars(火星)bywater-poweredspaceship，可知，本文主要講述的是在未來(lái)，人們可能會(huì)乘坐水力飛船去火星旅行，并且下文介紹了水力飛船的原理和優(yōu)勢(shì)，這些是有關(guān)“宇宙飛行”的內(nèi)容，所以我們可以從“宇宙飛行”的網(wǎng)站看到這篇文章。故選D。(E)Longlongago,therelivedamanandawomanwhohadsevensons.Thecouplewantedadaughterverymuch,andfinally,theyhadagirl.Shewasveryprettyandherparentslovedherverymuch.Onedaythefatherneededwaterforthechild,sohesentthesevenbrotherstoawell(井)intheforesttogetit.Oncethere,though,theboysbegantofightandthewaterjug(壺)fellintothewell.Theboyslookedintothewellandthoughtoftheirfather.Theywereafraidtogohome.Hourspassed."Wherearethoseboys?"shoutedtheangryfather."Theyareprobablyplayingagameandhaveforgottenaboutthewater.Iwishtheywereallturnedintoravens(烏鴉)!"Andwhenhelookedup,hesawsevenblackbirdsflyingaway.Thefatherwasshocked."WhathaveIdone?hethought.Butitwastoolate.Hecouldnottakebackhiswords.Later,thegirlgrewupanddiscoveredshehadbrothers.Thestoryoftheirbadluckinfluencedherdeeply,andshedecidedtofindthem.Foryears,shesearchedanddidnotstop.Shemadeuphermindtofindthem.Finally,shefoundtheirhome.Toenter,sheneededaspecialkeymadefromachickenbone,whichshedidnothave.Thegirlthoughtforamoment,andthentookaknifeandcutoffoneofherfingers.Withit,sheopenedthefrontdoorandwentinside.Onatable,thereweresevenplatesandsevencups.Sheateanddrankalittlefromeachofthem.Inthelastcup,sheaccidentlydroppedaringthatherparentshadgivenher.Laterhatday,theravensreturnedfortheirmeal.Thegirlhidbehindthedoorandwatched.Whentheseventhravendrankfromhiscup,somethinghithismouth.Theravenrecognizeditatonce—itwashisparents'ring."Iwishoursisterwerehere,"hesaid,"andthenwecouldbefree."Atthatmoment,theirsisterrantothem,andsuddenlytheravenswerehumanagain.Thebrotherskissedtheirsisterandalleightofthemwenthometogetherhappily.36.Whywerethesevenbrothersafraidtogohomeatfirst?A.Theylosttheirfather'sring. B.Theythrewawaythewaterjug.C.Theydidn'tgetbackanywater. D.Sevenblackravensshockedthem.37.Whatcanweinfer(推斷)fromtheunderlinedsentenceinPara.2?A.Thefatherregrettedwhathehadsaid. B.Thefatherwasnotpleasedwithhislife.C.Thefatherwasworriedabouthislittlegirl. D.Thefatherwasangrywithwhathissonshaddone.38.Whatwasthefirstthingthegirldidaftersheenteredtheraven'shouse?A.Sheateanddrank. B.Shehidbehindadoor.C.Shetookoutaknife D.Shesatandwaitedfortheravens.39.Howdidtheravensbecomehumanagain?A.Theyateamagicring. B.Oneravenmadeawishafterseeingthering.C.Theydrankwithaspecialcupfromtheirfather. D.Theirsisterkissedthem.40.Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthestory?A.Don'ttalktostrangepeople. B.Workhardandyouwillbehappy.C.Yourparentsalwaysknowbest. D.Thinkcarefullyaboutwhattosay.【答案】36.C37.A38.A39.B40.D【解析】這個(gè)故事講述的是一對(duì)夫婦有七個(gè)兒子，然后有了一個(gè)女兒，他們非常疼愛(ài)這個(gè)女兒。父親讓七個(gè)兒子去給女兒打水，他們不小心把水壺掉到了井里，不敢回家。父親很生氣，詛咒兒子們變成了烏鴉。女孩長(zhǎng)大后，找到了她的哥哥們，又把他們變回了人?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第一段“Oncethere,though,theboysbegantofightandthewaterjug(壺)fellintothewell.Theboyslookedintothewellandthoughtoftheirfather.Theywereafraidtogohome.”可知，七個(gè)兒子把水壺掉進(jìn)了井里，沒(méi)辦法打水了，所以不敢回家。故選C?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文第二段“Thefatherwasshocked."WhathaveIdone?hethought.Butitwastoolate.Hecouldnottakebackhiswords.”可知，父親知道自己說(shuō)錯(cuò)了話，但是太晚了，說(shuō)出的話無(wú)法收回了，父親很后悔。故選A。【38題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第三段“Onatable,thereweresevenplatesandsevencups.Sheateanddrankalittlefromeachofthem”可知，女孩進(jìn)到哥哥們的家里后，桌子上有七個(gè)盤(pán)子和七個(gè)杯子，她從每個(gè)里面吃了一點(diǎn)、喝了一點(diǎn)。故選A?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文最后一段“Theravenrecognizeditatonce—itwashisparents'ring."Iwishoursisterwerehere,"hesaid,"andthenwecouldbefree."Atthatmoment,theirsisterrantothem,andsuddenlytheravenswerehumanagain.”可知，烏鴉看到是自己父母的戒指之后，他許了一個(gè)愿望，希望他們的妹妹能在這里，這時(shí)女孩跑向了他們，這些烏鴉就變回了人。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。A“不要和陌生人說(shuō)話”；B“努力工作你就會(huì)快樂(lè)的”；C“你的父母總是最清楚的”；D“仔細(xì)考慮說(shuō)什么”。根據(jù)文意可知，故事中父親一時(shí)生氣，說(shuō)讓兒子們變成烏鴉，沒(méi)想到他們真的變成了烏鴉，最后女兒長(zhǎng)大后，又把哥哥們變成了人。D選項(xiàng)符合文意，故選D。三、任務(wù)型閱讀相似的話題常有不同的寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)，請(qǐng)你閱讀以下材料，將所給的寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)圖(A-E)與相應(yīng)的閱讀材料進(jìn)行匹配___41___.AirJordan(飛人喬丹)shoesareverypopularandexpensive.ThefirstAirJordanshoesweremadein1985.ThenextAirJordanshoescameoutin1986.Theseshoeswerespecialforbasketballshoes,becausetheyweremadeinItalyin1990,whichgavethemaluxury(奢侈的)feel.Twoyearslater,thethirdAirJordanshoeswereproduced.___42___.Ifyouwanttomakeyourshoeslooknew,first,getoutatoothbrushandsomecleaningoil.Second,spray(噴)theoilontheshoes.Third,washthedirtoffwiththetoothbrushrepeatedlywhileyouarescrubbing(擦).Finallyscrubtheshoeswithapapertowelorcleancloth.Ifyoudidagoodjob,yourshoesshouldlookasniceaswhenyoufirstgotthem.___43___.Ifyougotoadanceparty,you'llneedtoweardressshoes.However,wearingdressshoesforafewminutescanbereallypainful.Tosolvetheproblem,youcanbringaboxofband-aids(創(chuàng)口貼)withyou.Whenyourfeethurt,putonthoseband-aids.Theband-aidswillcreatesomethingthatwillreducepain.___44___.Whenplayinggolfandbowling(保齡球),peopleneedtowearspecialshoes.Golfshoeshavesharpmetalspikes(鞋釘),whilebowlingshoeshavealmostnospikesatall.Boththeseshoeshelpplayersperform.Besideslookingsillygolfshoesandbowlingshoesdonothavesoles(鞋底)thatarefitforstreetuse.___45___.Areyouwearingshoes?Why?Peoplewearshoesformanyreasons.Thefirstandmostimportantreasonistoprotecttheirfeet.Shoeskeeppeoplefromhurtingtheirfeetwhilewalkingonhardroads.Somepeoplewearspecialshoesdesignedtohelpthemplayagame.Somepeoplewearexpensiveshoestolookfashionable.Andalotofotherpeoplewearshoessothattheirfeetwon'tstink(發(fā)臭)uptheroom.A.B.C.D.E.【答案】41.A42.B43.D44.E45.C【解析】本文主要介紹了5個(gè)內(nèi)容：1.喬丹鞋的發(fā)展歷程；2.介紹如何讓鞋看起來(lái)像新的一樣的方法；3.隨身攜帶創(chuàng)口貼來(lái)解決時(shí)裝鞋帶來(lái)的困擾；4.保齡球鞋和高爾夫球鞋進(jìn)行對(duì)比，來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的不同之處和相似之處；5.解釋人們穿鞋的原因。【41題詳解】根據(jù)ThefirstAirJordanshoesweremadein1985.ThenextAirJordanshoescameoutin1986“第一雙喬丹鞋在1985年生產(chǎn)。第二雙喬丹鞋在1986年推出”及Twoyearslater,thethirdAirJordanshoeswereproduced“兩年后，生產(chǎn)出第三雙喬丹鞋”，可知，本段是以時(shí)間順序來(lái)描述喬丹鞋的發(fā)展歷程。結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)，與A選項(xiàng)的時(shí)間軸相符。故選A?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)first,getoutatoothbrushandsomecleaningoil.Second,spray(噴)theoilontheshoes.Third,washthedirtoffwiththetoothbrushrepeatedlywhileyouarescrubbing(擦).Finallyscrubtheshoeswithapapertowelorcleancloth“首先，拿出一個(gè)牙刷和清洗油。第二，把油噴到鞋上。第三，當(dāng)你擦鞋時(shí)，重復(fù)地用牙刷洗掉臟東西。最后，用紙巾或干凈的布擦鞋”，可知，此段介紹讓鞋看起來(lái)像新的一樣的每一個(gè)步驟。結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)，與B選項(xiàng)相符。故選B?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)However,wearingdressshoesforafewminutescanbereallypainful.Tosolvetheproblem,youcanbringaboxofband-aids(創(chuàng)口貼)withyou，可知，此段是先陳述問(wèn)題“穿幾分鐘的時(shí)裝鞋可能會(huì)很痛”，再陳述解決方案“隨身攜帶創(chuàng)口貼”。結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)，與D選項(xiàng)相符。故選D?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)Golfshoeshavesharpmetalspikes,whilebowlingshoeshavealmostnospikesatall“高爾夫球鞋有鋒利的金屬鞋釘，而保齡球鞋幾乎沒(méi)有鞋釘”以及Besideslookingsillygolfshoesandbowlingshoesdonothavesolesthatarefitforstreetuse“看起來(lái)傻傻的高爾夫球鞋和保齡球鞋沒(méi)有適合街頭使用的鞋底”，可知，此段是將高爾夫球鞋和保齡球鞋進(jìn)行對(duì)比，來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的不同之處和相似之處。結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)，與E選項(xiàng)相符。故選E?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)Areyouwearingshoes?Why?Peoplewearshoesformanyreasons，以及Somepeoplewearspecialshoesdesigned…theroom可知，本段解釋了人們穿鞋的原因，以及穿不同類型鞋的目的。結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)，與C選項(xiàng)相符。故選C。試題卷Ⅱ四、詞匯運(yùn)用A.根據(jù)下列句子及所給漢語(yǔ)注釋,寫(xiě)出空缺處各單詞的正確形式(每空一詞)。46.Turn________(向左)atthesecondcrossingandyoucanfindthebank.【答案】left【解析】【詳解】句意：在第二個(gè)十字路口向左轉(zhuǎn)，你可以找到銀行?？崭裉幮揎梽?dòng)詞turn，所以用副詞。根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)提示詞，可知，left表示“向左”，固定搭配：turnleft“向左轉(zhuǎn)”，所以空格處填left。故答案為left。47."Ifyouworkhard,yourexamscorewill________(加倍),"theteachersaidtoJim.【答案】double【解析】【詳解】句意：“如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你的考試分?jǐn)?shù)會(huì)加倍。”老師對(duì)Jim說(shuō)。根據(jù)單詞的漢語(yǔ)意思可知，這里考查double，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。這句話使用的是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，will+動(dòng)詞原形，故答案為double。48.________(無(wú)論什么)difficultiesyoumeet,nevergiveupeasily.【答案】Whatever【解析】【詳解】句意：無(wú)論你遇到什么困難，永遠(yuǎn)不要輕易放棄。根據(jù)單詞的漢語(yǔ)意思可知，這里考查whatever，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，位于句首，第一個(gè)字母大寫(xiě)。故答案為Whatever。49.BecauseoftheCOVID-19,onlyafew________(市場(chǎng))wereopeninourcitylastspring.【答案】markets【解析】【詳解】句意：由于新冠肺炎疫情，去年春天我市只有幾個(gè)市場(chǎng)開(kāi)放。根據(jù)提示詞“市場(chǎng)”，英文表達(dá)是market，可數(shù)名詞；afew“幾個(gè)、一些”，后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以這里應(yīng)用market的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故答案為markets。50.Ourschool________(邀請(qǐng))severalheroestothegraduationceremonylastyear.【答案】invited【解析】【詳解】句意：去年我們學(xué)校邀請(qǐng)了幾個(gè)英雄來(lái)參加畢業(yè)典禮。根據(jù)中文提示可知應(yīng)用invite表示“邀請(qǐng)”，構(gòu)成固定搭配：invitesbtosp“邀請(qǐng)某人去某地”，且時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)lastyear是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞，故填動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式invited。51.Nowallthee-bikeridersinNingbo________(必須)wearhelmetswhileriding.【答案】must【解析】【詳解】現(xiàn)在寧波所有的電動(dòng)車騎行者在騎車時(shí)必須帶頭盔。空格處后接動(dòng)詞原形wear，結(jié)合所給提示詞，用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must表示“必須”，所以空格處填must。故答案為must。52.Behaving________(禮貌地)costsnothing,butitbringsalot.【答案】politely【解析】【詳解】句意：禮貌行為不需要付出代價(jià)，但它會(huì)帶來(lái)許多。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，behaving是動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，空格處用副詞修飾動(dòng)名詞。根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)提示詞，politely表示“禮貌地”，所以空格處填politely。故答案為politely。53.Thisisourclassroomand________(你們的)isacrossthehall.【答案】yours【解析】【詳解】句意：這是我們的教室，你們的教室在走廊的對(duì)面。根據(jù)Thisisourclassroom及isacrossthehall，可知，此空所在句子表示“你們的教室在走廊的對(duì)面”，空格后無(wú)名詞，所以空格處填名詞性物主代詞yours作主語(yǔ)。故答案為yours。54.Billwas________(踢)aballintheyardwhenIsawhim.【答案】kicking【解析】【詳解】句意：當(dāng)我看到Bill時(shí)候，他正在院子里踢球。根據(jù)所給單詞的漢語(yǔ)意思可知，這里考查kick，是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。由句中的“whenIsawhim”可知，這里表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)?？涨坝辛藈as，該空填現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故答案為kicking。55.OnNov.11th,mostproductsonlineinChinaareusuallysoldatthe________(最低的)prices.【答案】lowest【解析】【詳解】句意：在11月11日這一天，中國(guó)網(wǎng)上大多數(shù)產(chǎn)品通常會(huì)以最低的價(jià)格出售。空格處修飾名詞price，且空格前有定冠詞the，并結(jié)合所給提示詞，可知，此空填形容詞最高級(jí)作定語(yǔ)。low表示“低的”，其最高級(jí)是lowest，所以空格處填lowest。故答案為lowest。B.用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,每詞僅用一次(每空一詞)。becausesayhappy