八年級下閱讀復習(猜測詞義 主旨大意)

ReadingStrategiesGuessingtheWordsGraspthemainideaofapassageTheGreatWallMiddleSchoolXiangJuanzhiGuessingGame1.Whatiscleanwhenitisblackanddirtywhenitiswhite?Blackboard2.Whoisn'tyoursisterandisn'tyourbrother,butisstillachildofyourmotherandfather?Imyself.3.Whathasasoftbedbutneversleeps,abigmouthbutneverspeaks?Ariver.4.Iamalwayswithyou.Sometimesbehindyou,sometimesbeforeyou,sometimesbyyourside,butyoucan’tseemeinthedark.ShadowGuessingGame5.Givemefood,andIwilllive;givemewater,andIwilldie.WhatamI?fire6.Ihavecitiesbutnohouses,forestsbutnotrees,riverswithoutwater.WhatamI?Amap7.Whatpersontriestomakeotherssmilemostofthetime?Aphotographer

Jennygetsfullmarksinthetestandsheissohappy.ButIonlyget59pointsandI’mreallyblue.The1stwaytoguess:contrast

對比法Beboldtoguess!Abatisasmallanimal.Itlookslikeamousewithwings(翅膀).Anditfliesaroundatnight.Abatisasmallanimal.The2ndwaytoguess:definition

定義法batjohnI’mJohn.Tomdranktoomuchwaterbeforehewenttosleeplastnight,sohegotupandwenttovisitjohntwice.toiletwashroomThe3rdwaytoguess:commonsense

常識法homelessUnlikeothergirls,Haileyisagreatgirl.Shegivesfoodtohomelesspeopleandbuildhousesforthem.《她只有9歲,卻改變了世界對流浪漢的態(tài)度!》The4thwaytoguess:wordformation

構詞法homeless=home+-lessunlike=un-+like常見前綴、后綴whenpigsflyAngela:What!YoulendmoneytoPaul.Healwaysborrowsmoneyandneverpaysitback.He’llreturnthemoneywhenpigsfly.atsixesandsevensWilliamhasapartyathomeandmanyfriendscome.Theyhaveagoodtimesinging,dancingandhavingdeliciousfood.Butwhenthepartyisover,everythingisatsixesandsevensinthehouse.inastateofdisorder亂七八糟的，雜亂無章的The5thwaytoguess:context

語境法

whenpigsflyatsixesandsevensabigpotatoSteveJobsisagreatman.HeissmartandhemakestheiPhonepopulararoundtheworld.Peoplethinkheisabigpotatobecauseheisimportantinchangingourlives.dresstotheninesYoudonothavetodresstothenines,orwearyourbestclothes,forthiskindofwork.The6thwaytoguess:synonyms

近義詞法abigpotatodresstotheninesPracticemakesperfect!1.ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.

A.骯臟的B.迷人的C.光滑的

2.Afteradayofhunting,Haroldwasravenous.Heatetwobowlsofsoup,asalad,alargechicken,andapieceofchocolatecakebeforehewasfinallysatisfied.A.高興的B.極餓的C.貪婪的3.Unlike

her

overweight

sister,

Joan

is

a

slim

girl.

A.受歡迎的B.苗條的C.開朗的4.Expert

refers

to

a

person

with

special

knowledge,

skill

or

training

in

something.

A.教練B.主管C.專家5.The

evening

is

too

cold

for

him.

He

is

wearing

a

heavy

coat

and

he

is

still

shivering.A.時尚的B.興奮的C.顫抖的

6.The

meeting

has

been

postponed

to

next

Sunday,so

you

have

enough

time.

A.增加B.變更C.推遲7.It

is

so

hot

that

the

chocolate

melts

in

the

bag.

.A.褪色B.融化C.流動8.Mary,you’re

overweight.

You

eat

too

much

junk

food.

Even

worse,

you

exercise

infrequently.A.罕見地B.經常地C.堅持地

Guessthemeaningsofunderlinedwordsinapassage.Oneday,anelephantwalksintoaforest(森林)tomakefriends.Atfirst,heseesamonkeyonatreeandasks,“Willyoubemyfriend?”Themonkeyreplies1,“Youaretoobig.Youcan’tswing2fromtreeslikeme.”Then,theelephantmeetsarabbit.Therabbitsays,“Youaretoobigtoplayinmyburrow3!”…Theelephantisupset4.Thenextday,theelephantseesalltheanimalsrunningfortheirlives5.Heasksthemwhatisthematter.Thebearreplies,“Thereisatigerintheforest.He’lleatusup6.”Theelephantwalksuptothetigerandaskshimnottoeatotheranimals,butthetigerrefuses7.Theelephantgivesthetigerahardkick（猛踢）.Thetigerrunsforhislife.Alltheanimalsthanktheelephant.Theysay,“Youarejusttheright8sizetobeourfriend.”Meaningsoftheunderlinedwords:1._____________2._____________3.______________4.______________5.______________6._____________7._____________8.______________

Thetitleofthepassage:

Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.CigarettesmokingcancausecancerB.Smokingcancausethemostseriousandterribledisease(illness)C.SmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblemsD.Smokingisharmful.D以偏概全Thepurposeofparagraph3isto_______.A.showhowanimalscanhelpwithillnessesB.discusstheproblemsofkeepingpetsC.describehowtotrainanimalhelpersD.introducesomenewmedicalresearch

Hereisacasethatshowsthebenefitsofanimals.Johnwasasix-year-oldmute.Hehadnophysicalproblems.Hejustrefusedtotalk.Hisoldercousin,Ned,hadaparrotcalledSally,andJohnusedtovisitit.Whenhearrived,Nedusedtosay,“Hi,John!”Weallknowparrotscopywhattheyhear.Afterafewvisits,Sallybegansaying“Hi,John!”whenJohncameintotheroom.Then,oneday,Johnturnedtotheparrotandreplied“Hi,Sally!”StayingwiththeparrotencouragedJohntobegintalking.斷章取義無中生有Thispassagetellsusmainlyabout_________.A.theimportanceof"guessing"inlearningaforeignlanguageB.howtoguesswhatoneisgoingtotalkaboutC.someexamplesofrightguessingD.howimportantitistoguessallthetime

Oneofthethingstobelearntinaforeignlanguageisguessingwhatkindofthingtocomewhenlisteningtosomeonetalking.Peopledothisallthetimeintheirownlanguage,soitisnecessary(必要的)todothisinaforeignlanguage,too.Herearesomeexamples.1."What'sthematter？""Iwenttoapartylastnight,soI…"2."Ifeelsotiredthesedays.""Ithinkyou'dbetter…"3."Ofcourse,sheneverstopstalking.Sheisoneofthemost…"Youcanseefromtheabovethreeexamplesthatthecontext(上下文)helpsalotinunderstandingwhatisbeingtalkedabout.So"guessing"isveryimportantinunderstandingEnglish,especially(尤其)spokenEnglish.主題擴大解題技巧：1.以原文為依據，不摻雜個人意見，要客觀不要主觀。2.尋找主題句。（注意每段的主題句）3.排除干擾項。4.歸納總結。（把握每段的主題句，弄清段與段之間的邏輯關系。）Reading

Oneday,ateacherwasgivingaspeechtohisstudents.Heheldupaglassofwaterandaskedtheclass,"Howheavydoyouthinkthisglassofwateris?"Thestudents'answersrangedfrom20gto500g."Itdoesnotmatterontheweightitself.Itdependsonhowlongyouholdit.IfIholditforaminute,itisOK.IfIholditforanhour,Iwillhaveanacheinmyrightarm.IfIholditforanhour,Iwillhaveanacheinmyrightarm.IfIholditforaday,youwillhavetocallanambulance.Itisexactlythesameweight,butthelongerIholdit,theheavieritbecomes."“Doyouknowwhy?Ifwecarryourburdensallthetime,soonerorlater,wewillnotbeabletocarryontheburdenbecomingincreasinglyheavier."

"Whatyouhavetodoistoputtheglassdown,restforawhilebeforeholdingitupagain."Theteachersaid.Wehavetoputdowntheburdensometimes,sothatwecanberefreshedandareabletocarryonagain.Sobeforeyoureturnhomefromworktonight,puttheburdenofworkdown.Don'tcarryitbackhome.Youcanpickituptomorrow.Whateverburdensyouarehavingnowonyourshoulders,letitdownforamomentifyoucan.Whynothaveatry?1．Theteacherbroughtaglassofwatertotheclassbecause_________．A．hewasve