大學英語精讀第三冊Unit 10 the fantastic spurt in technology

BeforeReading_1.1Directions:

Whatwilloccurtoyouwheneverwementiontheword“technology”?Writedownasmanywordsaspossible.WordWebspacecraftrocketplanesrobotsComputerandinternetadvancedmedicalequipmentsSmartphonesgeneticallymodifiedfood(轉基因產品)SymbolsoftechnologyAboutlessthanacenturyago/intheearlytwentiethcentury,whatistheclassicsymboloftechnology?Smokysteelmills/factoriesNoisymachinesAssemblylineTheinventionoftelevisionEtc.Thefirsttelevisionandthefirstcoloredtelevisionintheworld1954Symbolsoftechnologyinthe21stcenturyTelevision—butsmarterComputer&InternetSymbolsoftechnologyinthe21stcenturySymbolsoftechnologyinthe21stcenturysmartphoneshavemoreadvancedcomputingcapabilityandconnectivity.High-speeddataaccessisprovidedbyWi-Fi,mobilebroadband(移動寬帶)andBluetooth.

Symbolsoftechnologyinthe21stcentury

RobotsArobotisplayingchesswithahumanbeing.Arobotwithahuman-likeheadcanspeak,singwithhumanvoiceandfacialexpression,beingabletodoalotoftasks.DeanofaSculptureInstituteinXi’ansittingwitharobotwhichresembleshimandisinventedwiththeprototypeofhim.Itcanspeak,smileandwink…Symbolsoftechnologyinthe21stcentury

3Dprinting---describedasthe“futureofmanufacturing”It

is

used

in

a

variety

of

industries

including

jewelry,

footwear,

industrial

design,

architecture,engineering

and

construction,aerospace,and

medical

industries,

education,etc.Googleglass—Google’swearablecomputer.Anevolutionofthesmartphone.Itallowsyoutouseverbalcommandstobrowsetheinternet,takepictures,sendmessagesandmore.Symbolsoftechnologyinthe21stcenturyFlyingcarsarenowareality–settolaunchin2015.Thesecarswillgoonsalein2015.Symbolsoftechnologyinthe21stcentury…andmore.1.Whatdoestechnologymeantous?2.Whatchangeshavetakenplaceinourlifewiththeadvancementoftechnology?

3.Whatwilllifebelikein50years?Watchthevideoclip“theworldin50years”

BeforeReading_3_5_POPGroupDiscussionIstheadvancementoftechnologyalwaysagoodthing?advantagesdisadvantages

Technologyshortensthedistancebetweenpeopleandmakescommunicationmucheasier.eg.InternetModernmeansoftransportation,suchasairplanesandhigh-speedtrainsmakeourjourneysmootherandfaster.Modernmedicineprolongsourlifeandrelievespatientsfrompain.technologyexpandsourvisionoftheworld.

Weaponsofmassdestructionhavebeeninventedandusedinwarsinwhichlargenumbersofinnocentpeoplehavebeenkilled.

theirrationalinvasionofnatureandtheunlimitedexploitationofnaturalresourcestheabuseoftechnologicalinventionsforevilpurposes,eg.onlinebankingtheft,videogameviolence

TheFantasticSpurtinTechnologyUnit10工藝技術上不可思議的突飛猛進spurt:n.ashortsuddenincreaseofactivity,effortorspeed;burst.猛增；突然加速；迸發(fā)PartDivisionPartI

Peoplemayhaveinadequateandmisleadingideasontechnologyandtheneedtochangetheirviews.PartII

Ourtimeshavewitnessedagreatleapforwardintechnology.PartIII

Technologyfeedsonitself.

Paras.1-2

Paras.3-6Paras.7-11

WordStudyArticleAlvinTofflerwritesaboutthefactthattechnologyisadvancingmuchfastertodaythaneverbeforeinhistory.Thesymbolsoftechnologyarenolongerthefactorysmokestackortheassemblyline.Asweheadintothefuture,thepacewillquickenstillfurther.GlobeReading.1.1

AssemblyLine

Theassemblylineisasystemofmanufacturinginwhicheachworkerperformsaspecializedoperationonanunfinishedproductasitismovedpasthisorherstationbyaconveyor.(流水裝配線)ReadParas.1-2andanswerthefollowingquestions.Whataretheoldsymbolsoftechnology?Dothesesymbolstrulyrepresentmoderntechnology?Whyorwhynot?Smokysteelmillsornoisymachines.2)Assemblylinesorblastfurnaces(鼓風爐).No.theyareinadequateandmisleading.Technologyhasalwaysbeenmorethanfactoriesandmachines.2)Technologyincludestechniques,orwaystodothings,aswellasthemachinesthatmayormaynotbenecessarytoapplythem.3)Inmostofthenewindustries,quietandcleansurroundingsarecharacteristic.1.Tomostpeoplethetermtechnologyconjuresupimagesofsmokysteelmillsornoisymachines.PerhapstheclassicrepresentationoftechnologyisstilltheassemblylinecreatedbyHenryFordhalfacenturyagoandmadeintoasocialsymbolbyCharlieChaplininModernTimes.Thissymbol,however,hasalwaysbeeninadequateandmisleading,fortechnologyhasalwaysbeenmorethanfactoriesandmachines.TheinventionofthehorsecollarinthemiddleagesledtomajorchangesinagriculturalmethodsandwasasmuchatechnologicaladvanceastheinventionoftheBessemerfurnacecenturieslater.Moreover,technologyincludestechniques,orwaystodothings,aswellasthemachinesthatmayormaynotbenecessarytoapplythem.Itincludeswaystomakechemicalreactionsoccur,waystobreedfish,plantforests,lighttheaters,countvotesorteachhistory.Article1_S選票統(tǒng)計養(yǎng)魚造林劇院照明VSArticle2-3_S2.Theoldsymbolsoftechnologyareevenmoremisleadingtoday,whenthemostadvancedtechnologicalprocessesarecarriedoutfarfromassemblylinesorblastfurnaces.Indeed,inelectronics,inspacetechnology,inmostofthenewindustries,quietandcleansurroundingsarecharacteristic—evensometimesessential.Andtheassemblyline—theorganizationoflargenumbersofmentocarryoutsimplerepetitivefunctions—isoutdated.Itistimeforoursymbolsoftechnologytochange—tocatchupwiththequickeningchangesintechnologyitself.在今天，最先進的技術工藝是在流水作業(yè)線或鼓風爐的操作截然不同。因而，舊的技術象征就會使人產生誤解。的確，安靜和潔凈的工作環(huán)境是電子技術，太空技術以及大部分新工業(yè)的特點------甚至有時是非要不可的。而且，流水作業(yè)線------大批的人重復進行簡單操作的這種組織-------已經(jīng)過時。是我們改變技術象征的時候了------只有這樣，才能跟上技術本身加速變化的步伐。Itis(about/high)timeforsb.todosth.Itis(about/high)timesb.didsth.e.g.It’shightimemancontrolledtheincreasingpopulation.Questions:Whatisthecharacteristicofthenewindustries?Whatisoutdated?AfterReading_1.11.

不可思議的突飛猛進

2.

聯(lián)想到

3.

流水裝配線

4.使……成為社會象征5.中世紀 6.典型的代表 7.養(yǎng)魚8.造林fantasticspurtconjureupassemblylinemake…intoasocialsymbolthemiddleagesclassicrepresentationbreedfishplantforestsUsefulExpressionsofPara.19.技術進步

10.選票統(tǒng)計technologicaladvancecountvotesBeforeReading_5.1CharlieChaplin(1889~1977):motion-pictureactor,director,andproducer

CharlieChaplinwasasuperstarofsilentcomediesandoneofthegreatesticonsofthe20th-centuryfilm.Hewasbornon16April,1889inLondonanddiedon25December,1977inCorsier-sur-VeveyinSwitzerland.

Hisbest-knownfilmsincludeTheGoldRush(1925),CityLights(1931),ModernTimes(1936),TheGreatDictator(1940),Limelight(1952)andA

KinginNewYork(1957).CharlieChaplinBackgroundinformation1.HenryFordHenryFord(1863~1947):AmericanautomobiledesignerandmanufacturerJuly30,1863BeingbornonafarmnearDearborn,Michigan,U.S.A.1879Obtaininghisfirstjob,asanapprenticemachinist1896Completinghisfirstworkingmodelofanautomobile.June16,1903FoundingtheFordMotorCompanyinDetroitOctober7,1913Introducingtheassemblylinemethodofmanufacturingautos1914AnnouncinghisplantosharetheFordMotorCompany’sprofitswithworkers,payingthem$5.00foraneight-hourdayBy1915HiscompanysellingalmosthalfofalltheautomobilesproducedintheU.S.A.April7,1947HediedinDearborn,Michigan,U.S.A..Tomostpeoplethetermtechnologyconjuresupimagesofsmokysteelmillsornoisymachines:Thewordtechnologycausesmostpeopletothinkofsmokysteelfactoriesornoisymachines.conjureup:causesthtoappearinthemind.使聯(lián)想起Eg:他常?；貞涀约和陼r的情景。Heoftenconjuredupvisionsofhischildhood.GlobeReading.1.2Ahorsecollarisadeviceusedtodistributeloadaroundahorse’sneck,forpullingawagonorplow.Thehorsecollarwasinventedby100BCinChina,andspreadtoEuroperoundthe8thor9thcentury.（馬軛）inadequate:a.notenough;insufficient;

不充足的；不適當?shù)膃.g.Oneoftheproblemsfacingthenewmayoristheinadequatewatersupplyofthecity.Withoutanyexperienceinteaching,Iwasinadequateforthejob.

surroundings:n.theobjects,buildings,naturalthings,etc.thatarearoundapersonorthingataparticulartime——surroundings&environment這兩個名詞均含“環(huán)境”之意?！猻urroundings:

Whenyouaredescribingtheplacewhereyouareatthemoment,ortheplacewhereyoulive,youcanrefertoitasyour

surroundings.指人所在的周圍地區(qū)或事物。它有兩個特點：1）只指具體的物質的東西；2）一定要用復數(shù)?！猠nvironment:

isallthecircumstances,people,things,andeventsaroundthemthatinfluencetheirlife.

強調指對人的感情、品德思想等產生影響的環(huán)境。characteristic:

adj.verytypicalofaparticularthingorofsomeone’scharacterEg:信息時代的典型現(xiàn)象是廣泛使用計算機。ThewideuseofcomputersischaracteristicoftheInformationAge.becharacteristicof…:是……的特點Eg:你認為貪婪和不誠實是所有商人的特征嗎？Doyoubelievethatgreedanddishonestyarecharacteristicof

allbusinessmen?Pattern:

n.特征，特色，特性Eg:Some

animals

possess

the

characteristic

of

man.

有些動物具有人類的特征。mislead:Ifyousaythatsomeoneorsomething

hasmisled

you,youmeanthattheyhavemadeyoubelievesomethingthatisnottrue,eitherbytellingyoualieorbygivingyouawrongideaorimpression.使做錯事；引入歧途Heisagoodboy,butbadcompanionsmisledhim.他是個好孩子，但壞伙伴把他帶壞了。misunderstand；misuse；misfortunemisleading:

adj.likelytomakesb.believesth.thatisnottrue

我父親從不相信廣告。他認為大多數(shù)廣告都是誤導的。Myfatherneverbelievesinadvertisements.Hethinksmostofthemaremisleading.GlobeReading.1.3TheBessemerFurnaceItisafurnaceformakingsteelbyblastingcompressedairthroughmolteniron,burningoutexcesscarbonandotherimpurities.ItwasnamedafterSirHenryBessemer(1813~1898),aBritishmetallurgist(冶金學家)andinventor.TheBessemerprocessincreasedsteelproductionandgreatlylowereditscost.貝西默鼓風爐GlobeReading.2.2ProgressinTransportationTimeMeansofTransportSpeed(mph)6000BCcamelcaravanaveraging8about1600BCchariotabout201784mailcoachaveraging101825firststeamlocomotive131825greatsailingship6.51880’smoreadvancedsteamlocomotive1001938airplanemorethan4001958airplane1960’srocketplane4,0001960’sspaceship18,000morethan800PartIIParas.3-6Ourtimeshavewitnessedagreatleapforwardintechnology.3.Thisaccelerationisfrequently

dramatizedbyabriefaccount

oftheprogressintransportation.Ithasbeenpointedout,forexample,thatin6000BCthefastesttransportationavailable

tomanoverlongdistanceswasthecamelcaravan,averagingeightmilesperhour(mph).Itwasnotuntilabout1600BCwhenthechariotwasinventedthatthemaximumspeedwasraisedtoroughlytwentymilesperhour.4.Soimpressivewasthisinvention,sodifficultwasittoexceedthisspeedlimit,thatnearly3,500yearslater,whenthefirstmailcoachbeganoperatinginEnglandin1784,itaveragedameretenmph.Thefirststeamlocomotive,introducedin1825,couldhaveatopspeedofonlythirteenmphandthegreatsailingshipsofthetimelaboredalongatlessthanhalfthatspeed.Itwasprobablynotuntilthe1880’sthatman,withthehelpofamoreadvancedsteamlocomotive,managedtoreachaspeedofonehundredmph.Ittookthehumanracemillionsofyearstoattainthatrecord.Article3-4_Slabouralong:費力地前進簡要地回顧一下交通發(fā)展史，工藝技術的這種加速變化往往便可得到生動形象的說明。Article5-6_S5.Ittookonlyfifty-eightyears,however,togofourtimesthatfast,sothatby1938meninairplanesweretravelingatbetterthan400mph.Ittookameretwenty-yearflickoftimetodoublethelimitagain.Andbythe1960’srocketplanesapproachedspeedsof4,000mph.andmeninspacecapsules

werecirclingtheearthat18,000mph.6.Whetherweexaminedistancestraveled,altitudesreached,ormineralsmined,thesameaccelerativetrendisobvious.Thepattern,hereandinathousandotherstatisticalseries,isabsolutelyclearandunmistakable.Thousandsofyearsgoby,andthen,inourowntimes,asuddenburstingofthelimits,afantasticspurtforward.minetheminerals:開采礦產accelerate:v.

Iftheprocessorrateofsomething

accelerates

orifsomethingaccelerates

it,itgetsfasterandfaster.使加速;加速Eg:Growthwillaccelerateto2.9percentnextyear.增長明年將加快到2.9%。n.accelerationadj.accelerative政府采取了有效措施來加速經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展速度。Thegovernmenthastakeneffectivemeasurestoacceleratetherateofeconomicgrowth.

CamelCaravanUsingpackanimalstohaul(拉)peopleandgoodsisstillatypicalmodeoftransportationinsomepartsoftheworld.Achariotisavehiclewithtwowheelspulledbyahorse,usedinancienttimesinbattlesandraces.LocomotiveAlocomotiveisarailwayenginethatrunsonrailsandisself-propelledbyanyofseveralformsofenergyforthepurposeofmovingrailroadcars.Aspacecapsuleisanoftenmannedspacecraftwhichhasasimpleshapeforthemainsection,withoutanywingsorotherfeaturestocreateliftduringatmosphericreentry(返回大氣層).dramatizevt.1)change(abook,astory,etc.)intotheformofaplay把（小說、故事等）改編為劇本e.g.SoonafterBaJinpublishedhisnovelFamily,itwasdramatizedbyhisfriendCaoYu.Andtheplayprovedasmuchasuccessasthenovel.

2)toshoworexpressinadramatic(exciting,interesting,colorful,vivid,impressive)way

把…戲劇化，演戲似表現(xiàn)e.g.heyhaveatendencytoshowoff,todramatizealmosteverysituation.他們有一種炫耀的傾向,幾乎任何情況都要大肆渲染一番。Thesuffix“-ize”(-ise)isaddedtonounsofadjectivestoformverbswiththemeaningof“make(into)”;“(cause)tobecome”使成為；使像；使變成P250Ex.IVaccount:n.awrittenorspokenreport;description報道，敘述，描寫e.g.Hegaveusadetailedaccountofwhathadhappenedatthemeetingaweekago.

oaccount:考慮；重視(oconsideration)onaccountof:因為，由于onnoaccount決不accountv.accountfor:解釋，說明；（指數(shù)量等）占Eg:Studentsaccountfor

50%ofourcustomers.

available:adj.sth.thatisavailableisabletobeusedorcaneasilybeboughtorfoundI’mafraidmybicycleisnotavailable;itisbeingrepaired.今晚音樂會的票買不到了。Therearenoticketsavailablefortonight’sconcert.beavailable若以人做主語時，為“有空的，不忙碌的”Heisnotavailableforthejob.b)available一般作表語，不作定語；若要修飾名詞時，通常放在所修飾的名詞之后?！猅hisistheonlyreferencebookavailablehere.這是這里能得到的唯一的一本參考書。exceed:v.bemoreorgreaterthan;domorethan;gobeyondThetemperatureinthisregionneverexceeds30degrees.exceedone’sexpectation出乎某人的預料exceedinsth.在……方面領先，超過goby:(oftime)pass走過，過去e.g.Timegoesbyquickly.Itismorethanayearsinceweenteredtheuniversity.Nearlyadecadewentbybeforetheymetagainintheirhometown.

Thousandsofyearsgoby,andthen,inourowntimes,asuddenburstingofthelimits,afantasticspurtforward.Thousandsofyearshavepassed,duringwhichprogressintechnologyhasbeensloworinsignificant,andthen,allofasudden,inourowntimes,thelimits(ofspeed,flyingaltitude,etc.)havebeenbroken,andmanhasmadeabigleapforwardintechnology.然后，到了我們的時代，一切極限突然統(tǒng)統(tǒng)被打破，出現(xiàn)了不可思議的突飛猛進。InGreatBritain,themailcoachorpostcoachwasahorse-drawncarriagethatcarriedmaildeliveries,from1784.Thecoachwasdrawnbyfourhorsesandhadseatingforfourpassengersinside.

Soimpressivewasthisinvention,sodifficultwasittoexceedthisspeedlimit,thatnearly3,500yearslater,whenthefirstmailcoachbeganoperatinginEnglandin1784,itaveragedameretenmph.當“so/such...that...”結構中的so,such連同它所直接修飾的成分共同位于句首表示強調時，主句要進行倒裝(that后面的結果狀語從句不倒裝)。Eg:1)Soangrywashethathecouldn’tspeak.他憤怒得一句話也說不出來。2)Tosuchanextentdotheparentslovetheirsonthattheyhavetriedtosatisfyeverydemandofhis.父母倆愛子愛到了如此程度，以至于盡量滿足他的任何要求。(tosuch放于句首，主句呈現(xiàn)部分倒裝的形式)Sodifficult____ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.A.IdidfindB.didIfindC.IhavefoundD.haveIfoundExerciseVIStructure–P252Soabsurdwashismannerthateveryonestaredathim.3.Soforcefullydidhespeakatthemeetingthateveryonepresentwasconvinced.AfterReading_1.2

laboralongattaintherecordameretwenty-yearflickoftimeUsefulExpressionsofParas.2-6最先進的工藝流程加速變化簡要描述最高速度超過限速蒸汽機車艱難地航行達到記錄

20年瞬息功夫themostadvancedtechnologicalprocessquickeningchangesabriefaccountofmaximumspeedexceedthespeedlimitasteamlocomotiveGlobeReading.3FillintheblankswiththeinformationfromParas.7-11.BlankFillingforPartIIIDirections:

Technologicalinventionconsistsof.Theyare

.

2.Technologyisadvancingmuchmorequicklythanbeforebecause.

3.Thetimebetweenthestagesofideaandapplicationismuchshorternowthanitwasintheancienttimesbecause

.4.Theauthorusestheexamplesof“refrigerator”and“television”toshow

.thatnowadaysthetimebetweenapplicationanddiffusionhasbeenshortenedandthreestages___________thecreativeidea,itspracticalapplicationanditsdiffusionorspreadthroughsociety__________________________________________________________________nowthetimebetweeneachstepinthiscyclehasbeenmuchshortened_________________________________________________________allkindsofsocialdeviceshavebeenInventedtospeeduptheprocess_______________________________________________________thepaceofdiffusionisrisingrapidly_______________________________________________________________________________________________7.Thereasonforthisisthattechnologyfeedsonitself.Technologymakesmoretechnologypossible,aswecanseeifwelookforamomentattheprocessofinnovation.Technologicalinnovationconsistsofthreestages,linkedtogetherintoaself-reinforcingcycle.First,thereisthecreative,feasibleidea.Second,itspracticalapplication.Third,itsdiffusionthroughsociety.8.Theprocessiscompleted,theloopclosed,whenthediffusionoftechnologyembodyingthenewidea,inturn,helpsgeneratenewcreativeideas.Todaythereisevidencethatthetimebetweeneachofthestepsinthiscyclehasbeenshortened.9.Thusitisnotmerelytrue,asfrequentlynoted,that90percentofallthescientistswhoeverlivedarenowalive,andthatnewscientificdiscoveriesarebeingmadeeveryday.Thesenewideasareputtoworkmuchmorequicklythaneverbefore.Thetimebetweenthefirstandsecondstagesofthecycle—betweenideaandapplication—hasbeenradicallyreduced.Thisisastrikingdifferencebetweenourselvesandourancestors.Itisnotthatwearemoreeagerorlesslazythanourancestors,butwehave,withthepassageoftime,inventedallsortsofsocialdevicestohastentheprocess.Article7-8_S當體現(xiàn)這一新思想的技術推廣反過來幫助產生新的創(chuàng)造性思想時，這一過程就完成了，這個循環(huán)也就結束了。Thereisevidencethat…:有證據(jù)證明

隨著時間的推移PartIIIhasten:quicken/accelerate10.Butifittakeslesstimetobringanewideatothemarketplace,italsotakeslesstimeforittosweepthroughthesociety.Forexample,therefrigeratorwasintroducedintheUnitedStatesbefore1920,yetitspeakproductiondidnotcomeuntilmorethanthirtyyearslater.However,by1950—inonlyafewyears—televisionhadgrownfromalaboratorynoveltytothebiggestpartofshowbusiness.Sothe

intervalbetweenthesecondandthirdstagesofthecycle—betweenapplicationanddiffusion—haslikewisebeencut,andthepaceofdiffusionisrisingwithastonishingspeed.11.Thestepped-uppaceofinvention,applicationanddiffusion,inturn,acceleratesthewholecyclestillfurther.Fornewmachinesortechniquesarenotmerelyaproduct,butasource,offreshcreativeideas.stepped-up:

adj.increasedinsize,speed,orextent.

增加的，加大的；加強的；加速的發(fā)明，應用以及推廣，各個階段的快節(jié)奏反過來是整個循環(huán)得到更進一步的加速發(fā)展。因為新機器，新技術既是有創(chuàng)造性的新思想的產物，又是其它新思想的源泉。

Question:Whatexamplesdoestheauthorgivetoshowthatthetimebetweenapplicationanddiffusionhasbeengreatlyreduced?1.What’sthemeaningof“feedonitself”hereinChinese?2.Canyoufindawordinthisparagraphwhichhasalmostthesamemeaningwiththisphrase?自身的扶植作用。Itis“self-reinforcing”.Thereasonforthisisthattechnologyfeedsonitself.reinforce:

Ifsomething

reinforces

anideaorpointofview,itprovidesmoreevidenceorsupportforit.加強，鞏固Eg:Hereinforcedhisargumentwithmanyfacts.他用很多事實進一步證實了他的論點。diffuse:Ifsomethingsuchasknowledgeorinformation

isdiffused,orifitdiffuses

somewhere,itismadeknownoverawideareaortoalotofpeople.傳播(知識、消息等);散布Eg:Overtime,however,thetechnologyisdiffusedandadoptedbyothercountries.然而，隨著時間的推移，這項技術在其它國家得以傳播并使用。n.diffusion擴散，傳播interval:An

interval

betweentwoeventsordatesistheperiodoftimebetweenthem.間隔Eg:圣誕節(jié)和元旦相隔一周時間。

ThereisanintervalofaweekbetweenChristmasandNewYear’sDay.Collocation:atintervals每隔一定的時間(或距離)；不時；到處intheintervals不一會兒，不久embodyv.express,represent體現(xiàn)(em-:在里面)e.g.Dr.Brown’slatestbookembodiedallhisnewideasoneducation.藝術家在他的作品里體現(xiàn)了對大自然的熱愛。Theartistembodieshisloveofnatureinhisworks.novelty:n.Novelty

isthequalityofbeingdifferent,new,andunusual.新奇Eg:Inthecontemporarywesternworld,rapidlychangingstylescatertoadesirefornoveltyandindividualism.在當代西方世界，快速變換著的款式迎合了人們對新奇和獨特性的追求。同義詞：originalityfeedon:takeasfood以…為食物，以…為能源

--LuXunoncesaid:“Cowsfeedongrassbutwhattheyproduceismilk.”2)becomenourishedorstrengthenedfrom;getsupportfrom從…獲得力量;依賴，靠…過日子

Eg:Theactorfeedsonadmirationfromthepublic.演員從公眾的贊揚得到力量。innovate:Vi.

To

innovate

meanstointroducechangesandnewideasinthewaysomethingisdoneormade.創(chuàng)新;革新Eg:Butbusinesseshavelittlechoicebuttoinnovateinemergingeconomies,becausethatiswheretheircustomersare.但企業(yè)別無選擇，只能在新興經(jīng)濟體創(chuàng)新，因為他們的客戶就在那里。adj.innovative:創(chuàng)新的;革新的n.innovationAfterReading_4.1Directions:

Inthissection,youarerequiredtowriteasummaryofthetext.Thefirstsentenceofitandthefirstwordorphraseofeachsentenceinthebodyaregivenbelow.Youareaskedtocompletethewholesummary.Prof.Trofflerpointsoutthatpeopleshouldchangetheirviewsontechnologysoastocatchupwiththequickeningchangesintechnologyitself.Technologyhasalwaysbeen.Itincludes.Theoldsymbolsoftechnology,assemblylinesorblastfurnaces,.Today’snewtechnology,esp.electronicsandspaceindustry,Hetracestransportationbackto6,000BCand.Atlasthepointsoutthat______________________________________________________________________thestepped-uppaceofinvention,applicationanddiffusionreinforcesthedevelopmentoftechnology.

morethanfactoriesandmachinestechniquesorwaysaswellasmachines________________________________areoutdated

___________quietandcleansurroundings

_______________________________________________________________reviewstheacceleratingdevelopmentoftransportationtoshowthegreatprogressSummarywriting___________________________________________.

ischaracterizedby

_______________________________________AfterReading_1.2

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