英語報刊閱讀

presentationTheFutureofAbortionMeMeMedia1.TheFutureofAbortion1.Backgroundknowledge2.Vocabulary3.Sentences1.AboutRoev.WadeRoev.Wade,410U.S.113(1973),isalandmarkdecisionbytheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtontheissueofabortion.

InJune1969,NormaL.McCorveydiscoveredshewaspregnantwithherthirdchild.Sheassertedshehadbeenrapedinordertoobtainalegalabortion.(Texaslawallowedabortionincasesofrapeandincest.)However,shefailedtogainpolicereportaboutherbeingraped.Sheattemptedtoobtainanillegalabortion,butfoundtheunauthorizedsitehadbeencloseddownbythepolice.

Eventually,shewasreferredtoattorneysLindaCoffeeandSarahWeddington.In1970,the2attorneysfiledsuitinaU.S.DistrictCourtinTexasonbehalfofMcCorvey(underthealiasJaneRoe).ThedefendantinthecasewasDallasCountyDistrictAttorneyHenryWadewhorepresentedtheStateofTexas.TheyaccusedtheabortioninjunctioninTexasofinfringingherpravicy.Thedistrictcourt'sdecisionwasbaseduponthe9thAmendment,whichensuredpeople'srightaboutpravicy.Butthecourtdidn'tproposeaninjunctionagainsttheanti-abortionlawinTexas.

ThecaseofRoev.WadelaterreachedtheSupremeCourtin1970.TheCourtissueditsdecisiononJanuary22,1973,witha7-to-2majorityvoteinfavorofRoe.Theythoughtthattheanti-abortionlawinTexasdisobeythe9thand14thamendmentsoftheUnitedStatesConstitution.3.BlackmunHarryBlackmun,SupremeCourtJustice(1970-1994),writeroftheCourt'sopinioninthecaseofRoev.Wade.Heupheldpeople'srightofprivacyandwomen'srighttochoosewhethertodelivertheirbabies.4.Websterv.ReproductiveHealthServicesItwasaUnitedStatesSupremeCourtdecisiononJuly3,1989upholdingaMissourilawthatimposedrestrictionsontheuseofstatefunds,facilities,andemployeesinperforming,assistingwith,orcounselingonabortions.5.WilliamRehnquist16thChiefJusticeoftheUnitedStates.He,onbehalfoftheplurality,assertedthattherighttoabortionwasa"libertyinterestprotectedbytheDueProcessclause"subjecttorestrictionbyanylawswhichwouldpermissiblyfurtherarationalstateinterestsuchasprotectingpotentiallife.6.ArguementsandDivergenceofViews1)Women'sinterestsandstateinterestsAwoman,asajuralpersonprotectedbythestateconstitution,havetherighttochoosewhethertohaveaboby.But,thestatehavetheobligationtoprotectpotentiallives.2)Whenpeople'slifebeginortherightoflifebeginBlackmunpointedthatwhenaperson'slifebeginisnotajuralquestion,whichcanbeansweredbythecourt.Onphilosophy,religion,andscience,itcanbeillustrateddifferently.TheFederalConstitutionhaven'tdefineda"person".But,itimpliescontextuallythatthewordreferstothoseafterbirth.Catholicsthinkalifebeginatfertilization,whenthesoulisinserted.Abortionismurderingapersonalike.7.Juristicsolutions1)Blackmun'sopinionoftrimesterofpregnancy.1-12weeks:Abortionislessdangerousthannormaldelivery.Womenhavetherighttochooseabortion.13-24weeks:Abortionbecomeverydangerous.Thegoverment,inordertoperformtheobligationofprotectingitspeople,isabletorestrictabortion.Butthemethodofrestrictioncanonlyensuefromprotectingthepregnantwomen.24-28weeks:Inordertoprotectpregnantwomenortheirbobiespotentiallives,thegovermentcanforbidabortion,unlesstheabortionistosavethepregnantwomen'slives.7.Juristicsolutions2)Rehnquist'semphaticenforcementRequiredoctorstotestfortheviabilityofafetusat20weeks.Aunbornbabyisalsoajuralperson,whopossessestherightoflife(the14thAmentment).8.PolicalInfluenceAsthisarticlementi1d,right-to-lifersandpro-choicershavebeeninfluencingthepoliticsandelectioninAmerica.Bothsidesevenholdlarge-scaledemonstrationduringtheelection.Sometimes,electorsputtheircandidatesintoadilemma.Words

1.lawyer&juristlawyer:n.apersonwhoistrainedandqualifiedtoadvisepeopleaboutthelawandtorepresentthemincourt,andtowritelegaldocuments(文書).在美式英語中attorney較lawyer正式，尤用于職務頭銜jurist:n.

apersonwhoisanexpertinlaw法學家；法律學專家2.acidulous

adj.微酸的；帶酸味的；尖酸刻薄的；有諷刺意味的（原意）havingasourtaste帶酸味的（引申義）尖酸刻薄的詞根：acid酸的，酸味的；含酸的3.arenan.1.anareaofactivitythatconcernsthepublic,especiallyonewherethereisalotofoppositionbetweendifferentgroupsorcountries斗爭場所；競爭舞臺；活動場所2.aplacewithaflatopenareainthemiddleandseatsarounditwherepeoplecanwatchsportsandentertainment圓形運動場；圓形劇場thepolitical/internationalarena政治/國際舞臺與stage之間的區(qū)別：Stage的英文釋義是：Inatheatre,thestageisanareawhereactorsorotherentertainersperform.意思是指在一個劇院,舞臺是一個演員或其他藝人表演的地方，比較具體。而arena主要是指抽象的舞臺，比如：給年輕人一個舞臺，世界舞臺等等。4.Nightmaren.1.afrighteningorunpleasantdream噩夢；夢魘2.(informal)anexperiencethatisveryunpleasantorfrightening令人不愉快的經歷nightmarish可怕的；惡夢似的；不愉快的5.Chilln.寒冷：表面意思是指氣溫低，讓人感到涼。更多的時候用這個詞是用來表達人的心情失落、感受不到家人、愛人、朋友的溫暖。

1.afeelingofbeingcold寒冷；寒意；涼意2.anillnesscausedbybeingcoldandwet,causingfever(=shakingofthebody)著涼；受寒afeelingoffear害怕的感覺5.Chillv.tomakesbverycold使很冷；使冰冷whenfoodoradrinkchillsorwhensbchillsit,itismadeverycoldbutitdoesnotfreeze（使）冷卻；（被）冷藏tofrightensb使恐懼；恐嚇；嚇唬

tospendtimerelaxing放松；休息chillout冷靜，冷靜下來windchill風寒adj.(especiallyofweatherandthewind尤指天氣和風)cold,inanunpleasantway寒冷的；冷颼颼的；陰冷的6.Gambitn.1.athingthatsbdoes,orsththatsbsaysatthebeginningofasituationorconversation,thatisintendedtogivethemsomeadvantage開頭一招；開局；開場白openinggambit(=thefirstthingyousay)開場白

2.amoveormovesmadeatthebeginningofagameofchessinordertogainanadvantagelater（國際象棋中為獲得優(yōu)勢而采取的）開局讓棋法（引申為策略）7.Importn.

aproductorservicethatisbroughtintoonecountryfromanother進口；輸入的產品（或勞務）foodimportsfromabroad從外國進口的食物

2.theactofbringingaproductorserviceintoonecountryfromanother（產品、勞務的）進口，輸入，引進importcontrols進口管制animportlicence進口許可證importsofoil石油的進口importance重要性4.the~(ofsth)themeaningofsth,especiallywhenitisnotimmediatelyclear意思；含意v.1.tobringaproduct,aservice,anidea,oonecountryfromanother進口；輸入；引進2.togetdatafromanotherprogram,changingitsformsothattheprogramyouareusingcanreadit導入；輸入；移入8.Scrapasmallpieceofsth小片；小塊scrapsoffood食物碎屑sththatyoudonotwantanymorebutthatismadeofmaterialthatcanuseagain廢物（尤指可回收再利用的）ashortfightorargument（非正式的）爭吵，吵架。togetridofsththatyoudonotwantit丟棄；拋棄

scrapmetal廢金屬steelscrap鋼屑，廢鋼料

scrapiron.鐵屑；廢鐵ascrapofpaper.碎紙片scrapsteel廢鋼Sentences

1.LastweektheSupremeCourt'sconservativemajorityspoke.Ina5-4decisionwrittenbyChiefJusticeWilliamRehnquist,thecourtupheldtheconstitutionalityofaMissourilaw.上周，最高法院通過了保守黨多數(shù)的議案。在以5票對4票通過的由最高法院院長威廉倫奎斯特起草的決定中，最高法院確認密蘇里州的一項法律是合乎憲法精神的。2.Foronething,therulingrepresentedthefirstrealcrackinthelegalfoundationofRoe,andthelanguageofthemajorityopinionstronglysuggestedthattheRehnquistcourthopestoscrapRoeentirely.一方面，該仲裁顯示出了羅案法律基礎的第一次真正的裂縫。并且大多數(shù)的意見是強烈要求倫奎斯特法庭能夠完全廢除羅案。3.Tosome,theneweraofabortionpoliticsmeantelectoraltongwarswithabortionasthesolelitmustestofacandidate'sworth—ano-winpropositionforanypoliticianwhoseconstituencyisdividedontheissue.對于一些官員來說，墮胎政治進入新時代，這意味著選舉的派系戰(zhàn)，墮胎問題是對候選人價值的石蕊實驗—對于自己的選民在這個問題上分為兩派的政客而言，這是無法取勝的事。4.Thepublicbacksmandatorytestsoffetalviabilitybya21percentmargin,anditoverwhelminglyopposestheuseofpublicmoneyorpublicfacilitiestoterminateapregnancyunlessthemother'slifeisendangered.Italsosupportsmorestringentmedicalstandardsforabortionclinics,eveniftheincreasedcostsforcemanyclinicstoclose.公眾以百分之二十一的差額多數(shù)支持強制性的胎兒生存能力測試。絕大多數(shù)反對使用公家設備或者公款墮胎，除非孕婦的生命受到危及。該議案還提議要對提供墮胎服務的診所設立更嚴格的醫(yī)療標準，盡管該措施會迫使很多診所關閉。5.Theresult—acautiousmuddleatthebrinkofnewconstitutionallaw—promptedabristlingattackbyJusticeAntoninScalia,apassionatefoeofabortion."TheWebstercasepreservesachaosthatisevidenttoanyonewhocanreadandcount,"Scaliawrote."Wecannowlookforwardtoatleastanothertermwithcartsfullofmail...andstreetsfullofdemonstratorsurgingus...tofollowthepopularwill…."結果必然會引發(fā)一場新的憲法邊緣混亂之爭，這立刻遭到另外一名堅決反對墮胎的司法部高官AntoninScalia的猛烈攻擊.他寫道：“韋伯斯特案子制造的混亂狀況任何懂常理的人都能看出來，我們就準備在下屆會議上收到數(shù)車的郵件吧，而且會有滿街的示威游行者們敦促我們服從民意….”2.MeMeMedia1.Backgroundknowledge2.Wordsandsentences(Paragraph1to10)3.Wordsandsentences(Paragraph11to20)iMediaAformofmediawhichispersonalizedandtailoredtofitthepreferencesofitsuser.一種為使用者個人專門定制的滿足他的喜好的媒體。Tailored：

adj.定做的；裁縫做的；剪裁講究的Forms

1.collaborativeprojects(Wikipedia)2.blogsandmicroblogs(twitter)3.contentcommunities(youtube)4.socialnetworkingsites(facebook)Collaborative:adj.合作的，協(xié)作的FacebookAllowsuserstopostandsharetopicsofpersonalinterest

Itletsconsumerstakepartinpromotinganddistributingmediacontent

They'reabletochoosewhatcontenttoproduce,share,viewanddistributetwitterOneofthemostimportanttoolsusedontwitteristhehashtagTwitterusersareabletohelppromotecontentoftopicalinterest“Withhashtags,wecanreachpeoplethatwenormallywouldn'tgetintroducedtoorhaveinourbodyoffollowers.”Trendingtopicsoccurwhenalargenumberofpeopletweetaboutthemhashtag:散列標簽AuthorWarrenBergerisanAmericanjournalistandwriter.HisbookAdvertisingTodayin2001waslatelyincludedinalistofthe“50alltimebestbooksaboutmedia”.EPPC(p6l2)TheEthicsandPublicPolicyCenter(EPPC)isapoliticallyconservativeWashington,D.C.-basedadvocacygroup.Foundedin1976,thegroupdescribesitselfas“dedicatedtoapplyingtheJudeo-Christianmoraltraditiontocriticalissuesofpublic”.JeffJarvis(p12l4)JeffJarvisisanAmericanjournalist,professor,publicspeaker.HeadvocatestheOpenWebandarguesthattherearemanysocialandpersonalbenefitstolivingamorepubliclifeontheinternet.Nowheisalsoaco-hostonThisWeekinGoogle,aliveshowwhichcoversGoogleandcloudcomputing.ParagraphonetotenWordsaisle[ail]

n.通道，走道；側廊upbeat['?pbi:t](upbeatsongs)

n.興旺；上升；弱拍

adj.樂觀的；上升的;cheerfulandhappychronicle['kr?nikl]n.編年史，年代記；記錄

vt.記錄；把…載入編年史wasteland[‘weistl?nd,-l?nd](televisionwasteland泛濫的電視節(jié)目)

n.荒地，不毛之地；未開墾地，荒漠；（精神或文化bubble['b?bl]

n.氣泡，泡沫，泡狀物；透明圓形罩，圓形頂

vi.沸騰，冒泡；發(fā)出氣泡聲

vt.使冒泡；滔滔不絕地說bud[b?d]

n.

芽，萌芽；蓓蕾，骨朵；未成熟的人，少男少女；〈美〉剛進社交界的姑娘

vi.

發(fā)芽，長出蓓蕾；開始發(fā)育；

<植>芽接上的）貧乏techie

['teki]

n.高科技專家；熱衷電子學的電子迷；技師

fray[frei]n.爭論；打架；磨損處

vt.使磨損；變得令人緊張、急躁

vi.被磨損demographic[,dem?'gr?fik,-k?l]

adj.人口統(tǒng)計學的；人口學的gamut

['g?m?t]

n.全音階；全音域；整個范圍braces

['breisiz]

n.背帶；吊帶（brace的復數(shù)）trace

[treis]

vi.追溯；沿路走

vt.追蹤，查探；描繪；回溯

n.痕跡，蹤跡；微量；[儀]跡線；韁繩thumb

[θ?m]

vt.翻閱；以拇指撥弄；作搭車手勢；笨拙地擺弄

vi.用拇指翻書頁；豎起拇指要求搭車

n.拇指proliferation

[pr?u-,lif?'rei??n]

n.增殖，擴散；分芽繁殖pundit

[‘p?ndit]

n.行家，權威，專家；dub

[d?b]（dubbed被譯為）

vt.配音；輕點；打擊；授予稱號

n.笨蛋；鼓聲notwithstanding

[,n?twiθ'st?ndi?,-wie-]

adv.盡管，仍然

prep.盡管，雖然

conj.雖然gadget

[g?,d?ets]

n.小配件；小工具gizmo

['gizm?u]

n.小發(fā)明（等于gismo）fuel

[‘fju?l]

（fuelled被刺激）

vi.得到燃料

vt.供以燃料，加燃料

n.燃料；刺激因素banter

['b?nt?]

n.（善意的）戲謔；逗弄

vt.善意地取笑；逗弄

vi.開玩笑；談笑Phrasessealoff封閉；把…封鎖起來listeningbooth音樂世界tuckaway

藏起來；暢飲；大吃

Tomakechildrencomfortableinbedforsleep.turnone’sbackon不理睬abubblingstewofavarietyofkeeptabsononeanothertowatchsb.carefullytocheckwhathe/sheisdoingAbbreviationsDVR（digitalvideorecorder）數(shù)字視頻錄像機RSS（ReallySimpleSyndication）真正簡易聚合[一種用于共享新聞和其他Web內容的數(shù)據(jù)交換規(guī)范，用它可以訂閱博客和新聞等]On

her

computer

web

log,

or

“blog,”

she

types

an

online

journal

chronicling

daily

news

of

her

life

(recipes,

family

updates,

or

“whatever

floats

my

boat”

),

then

shares

it

all

with

the

web.在她的電腦網絡日志，或者“博客”，她寫了在線日志來記錄她生活中的一系列新鮮事（食譜，家庭更新，或者“一切我想寫的事”），然后把它們都分享到網絡上。SomecomplexsentenceArbritron’sseniorvicepresidentBillRosesaysthestudyshowsthattheappealofdo-it-yourselfmediaisalreadycrossingdemographiclinesandwillcontinuetospread.Arbritron的高級副總裁BillRose說這項研究表明做自己的媒體這個呼吁在各個人種中都有反應并且會繼續(xù)擴散。RosenandotherstracethebeginningsoftheiMediarevolutiontotheinventionoftheTVremotecontrol,whichmarkedthefirstsubtleshiftofmediacontrolawayfrombroadcastersandintothehandsoftheaveragecouchpotato.Rosen和其他人追溯媒體革命的開始到電視遙控器發(fā)明的歷程，這個發(fā)明標志著媒體控制的第一次巧妙的改變，使得其從播報器到了平常愛看電視的人手中。Observerssaythetrendhasbeenfuelledbyrestlesscreativityamongthosepeopleformerlyknownastheaudience–whowillnolongersitstillformass-produced,

one-size-fits-allmedia.觀察家說原先是受眾的那些人所具有的永不停止的創(chuàng)造力促進了這一變革，他們不再愿意坐等媒體大量生產的所有受眾全都一樣的內容。KeysentenceAllofthesenewdevelopmentsnotwithstanding,there’smoretotheiMediacrazethangadgets,gizmosandadditionalchannels.Thereismoreto…than…There

is

more

to

lifethanbasketball籃球并不是生命的所有Paragrapheleventotwentyunleash[英][?n'li:?][美][?n?li?]vt.解開…的皮帶;

放縱;

解除…的束縛;

發(fā)泄;

釋放；Utopia烏托邦grassroots[英]['gra:s?ru:ts][美]['gra:s?ru:ts]n.基層，基層民眾;

草根;

adj.基層的;

草根的;

鄉(xiāng)村的;

envision[英][?n'v??n][美][?n?v???n]vt.想像，預見，展望;

scenario[英][s??ne?ri:???,-?nɑ:-,-?n?r-][美][s??n?ri?o,-?nɑr-,-?n?r-]n.（行動的）方案;

劇情概要;

分鏡頭劇本;

fret[英][fret][美][fr?t]n.[建筑]回紋飾，狀飾物;

煩躁，煩惱;

腐蝕處，磨損處;

弓上木頭的毛病;

v.磨損，腐蝕;

焦急;

使煩惱;

用回紋裝飾;

vi.煩惱;

磨損;

焦急;

mass-marketadj.銷售量大的；暢銷的;pent-up[英][?pent??p][美][?p?nt??p]adj.被壓抑的;

被抑制的;

幽閉的;

郁結;

fractious[英][?fr?k??s][美][?fr?k??s]adj.易怒的，急躁的;

narrow-minded[英][?n?r???ma?nd?d][美][?n?ro?ma?nd?d]adj.心胸狹窄的，偏執(zhí)的;

adv.目光短淺地;

hostile[英][?h?stail][美][?hɑst?l,-?ta?l]adj.敵人的，敵對的;

懷有