【創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)】高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Module 4 Unit 3 Tomorrows world課件 譯林牛津

Module4

Unit3

Tomorrow’sworld

重點(diǎn)單詞1．setvt.為(電影、戲劇、小說等)設(shè)置背景，確定；決定，創(chuàng)造【用法拓展】

(1)setanalarmclock上鬧鐘setaworldrecord創(chuàng)世界紀(jì)錄(2)setup建立；創(chuàng)辦；創(chuàng)設(shè)；搭起setdown記下；寫下setout出發(fā)；啟程setouttodosth.開始做某事；著手做某事setoff出發(fā)setfiretosth.把……點(diǎn)燃setanexampletosb.為某人樹立榜樣(3)setabout開始；開始或出發(fā)setaboutsolvingtheproblem著手解決問題TheauthorsetherstoryinDetroit.作者的故事以底特律為背景。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]TheysetJune9asthedateforthewedding.他們把婚期定在6月9日。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]TheKenyanrunnersetanewOlympicrecordinthe3,000metres.肯尼亞選手創(chuàng)下了3000米賽跑的奧林匹克新記錄。Inordertogetupearlytocatchthetrain，hesetthealarmfor5o’clockinthemorning.為了早起趕上火車，他把鬧鐘調(diào)到早上五點(diǎn)。即學(xué)即用完成句子①Thenovelwhich________________________(以……為背景)pre-warLondonwillbepublishednextmonth.

答案：issetin2．burnvi.&vt.燃燒；燙傷；發(fā)熱/光【用法拓展】

burndown燒光，把……燒成平地，(火力)漸弱

burnoff燒掉某物

burn...todeath把……燒死burn...totheground把……燒成平地Afterthebigfire，thewholecitywasburnedtotheground.

大火過后，整座城市被燒成平地。

Iburnedmyfingerswithamatch.我劃火柴時(shí)燒傷了手指。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]Thesunburnedbrightinthesky.太陽當(dāng)空照耀。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]即學(xué)即用②Don’tforgetyoucanstillget________whenyouareswimming.A．burningB．burntC．beingburntD．tobeburnt

答案：B3．impressvt.給……留下深刻印象；使欽佩【用法拓展】

(1)impresssb.with/bysth.以某物給某人印象beimpressedwith/by因?yàn)槟澄锪粝掠∠?2)impressionn.印象

have/leave/makeanimpressiononsb.給某人留下印象haveagoodimpressionofsb.對(duì)某人有好印象thefirstimpressionof對(duì)……的第一印象(3)impressiveadj.有印象的，印象深刻的

Onecandidateinparticularimpresseduswithherknowledge.

一位候選人的淵博的知識(shí)給我們留下了深刻印象。

Thecoachimpressedupontheteamtheimportanceofteamwork.

教練使隊(duì)員們認(rèn)識(shí)到團(tuán)隊(duì)精神的重要性。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]

Iwasdeeplyimpressedby/withhisspeech.他的演說給我留下了深刻印象。Whenitcomestojobinterviews，firstimpressionsareimportant.

當(dāng)談及面試時(shí)，第一印象是非常重要的。即學(xué)即用③Theactor________usgreatlywithhiswonderfulperformanceandexcellentEnglish.A．movedB．interestedC．impressedD．touched

答案：C④Theopeningceremonyofourschoolsportsmeetisimpressed________mymind.

A．toB．overC．byD．on

答案：D4．deliverv．遞送；發(fā)表；解放；交付；接生【用法拓展】

deliversth.tosb.把某物傳遞/送給某人deliveraspeech發(fā)表演說deliver...up/overto把……移交給……deliverababy接生deliversb.fromdanger救某人脫險(xiǎn)【特別提醒】

deliver作“生(小孩)”講，其表達(dá)為“bedeliveredofachild”。只用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Couldyoudelivermymessagetotheheadmaster？

你可以幫我傳口信給校長(zhǎng)嗎？

Hedeliveredanimportantreportatthemeeting.

他在會(huì)上作了一個(gè)重要報(bào)告。

TheyprayedtoGodtodeliverthemfromdanger.

他們祈求上帝把他們從危險(xiǎn)中拯救出來。

Thedoctordeliveredthebaby.醫(yī)生接生了嬰兒。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]即學(xué)即用單項(xiàng)選擇⑤Thecrowdcaughttheescapedcriminaland________himtothelocalpolice.A．deliveredB．setC．givenD．rescued

答案：A完成句子⑥報(bào)紙每天都送來。

Newspapers________________everyday.

答案：aredelivered⑦Don’tworry，wecan________(送)allthesegoodstoyourdoor.

答案：deliver5.announcev．宣布；宣告；宣稱；通知【用法拓展】

announcesth.tosb.向某人宣布某事Itisannouncedthat...據(jù)宣布……announceoneself/sb.通報(bào)某人的到來makeanannouncement發(fā)表聲明；宣布通知Agovernmentspokesmanannouncedthatthehostageshadbeenreleased.

政府發(fā)言人宣布那些人質(zhì)已被釋放。

Sheannouncedthewinnerofthecompetitiontoanexcitedaudience.

她向激動(dòng)的觀眾宣布了比賽的獲勝者。[劍橋高階]

Everyonewassilentasheannouncedthewinnerofthecompetition.

當(dāng)他宣布競(jìng)賽的優(yōu)勝者時(shí)，大家都靜靜地傾聽。

ThePresidentmadeanunexpectedannouncementthismorning.

今天上午總統(tǒng)發(fā)表了一項(xiàng)出人意料的聲明。[劍橋高階]【特別提醒】announce是表示“宣布；宣稱”的普通用語，指首次宣布人們所關(guān)心的或有新聞價(jià)值的事，有預(yù)告的含義，通常是關(guān)于生死、結(jié)婚、災(zāi)害信息或客人的到來等，其后常接名詞、從句作賓語。不可接雙賓語形式。即學(xué)即用單項(xiàng)選擇⑧________isannouncedintoday’spaper，ChinahassucceededinlaunchingthesecondmannedspacecraftShenzhouⅥ.A．ItB．ThatC．WhatD．As

答案：D⑨Itwas2hours’’waitbythetimetheannouncement________，sayingmyflightwascancelled.A．hadbeenmadeB．wasmadeC．madeD．wasmaking答案：B完成句子⑩我希望馬上上宣布勝利者者的名字。Ihopeto________thewinnershortly.答案：announce?他們通知，，該航班將推推遲。Theyannouncedthattheflight________________________.答案：wouldbedelayed6．employvt.雇用，使用【用法拓展】(1)employsb.assth.雇雇某人為employsb.todosth.雇雇某人做某事事beemployedin(doing)sth.被被雇用做某事事(2)employeen．受雇者，，雇員employern．雇主employmentn．雇用，使使用We’veemployedamarketresearchertofindoutwhatpeoplereallywantfromacableTVsystem.我們已已經(jīng)雇用了一位市場(chǎng)場(chǎng)調(diào)研員來來調(diào)查人們們到底想通通過有線電電視系統(tǒng)看看到什么樣的的節(jié)目。[劍橋高階階]Morepeoplearenowemployedinserviceindustriesthaninmanufacturing.現(xiàn)在服務(wù)務(wù)業(yè)的就業(yè)業(yè)人數(shù)要多多于制造業(yè)業(yè)。[劍橋高階階]即學(xué)即用?Hewas________asasalesmaninSamsungCompany，butwassoon________becauseofhisderelictionofduty.A．employed，firingB．employed，firedC．hired，firingD．hiring，beingfired答案：B7.accusevt.指控【用法拓展】accusesb.of或或chargesb.with...控告某某人……；；指責(zé)某人……robsb.ofsth.搶劫某某人某物warnsb.ofsth.告誡誡某人某事事curesb.ofsth.醫(yī)治治某人的病病remindsb.ofsth，，使某人想想起某事；；提醒某人人某事informsb.ofsth.通知某人人某事He’sbeenaccusedofrobbery/murder.他被指控犯犯有搶劫/謀殺罪。。[劍橋高高階]Thesurgeonwasaccusedofnegligence.這名名外外科科醫(yī)醫(yī)生生被被控控玩玩忽忽職職守守。。[劍劍橋橋高高階階]即學(xué)學(xué)即即用用單項(xiàng)項(xiàng)選選擇擇?——Yourneighborsmay________youwithplayingyourradiotooloudlyatnight.—Iknow.Theyneversayanythingthat________meespecially.A．．a(chǎn)ccuse；；

C．charge；appealstoD．blame；appealsto

答案：C完成句子?Theyoungmantakenbythepolicewassaid________________________________(被指控)ofstealingintheshoppingcenter.

答案：tohavebeenaccused8．．voicevt.吐露露，，表表達(dá)達(dá)n．聲聲音音【用法法拓拓展展】inanangry(asad，，acheerful)voice以以很很生生氣氣(傷傷心心，，快快活活)的聲聲音音atthetopofthevoice高高聲聲地地inalowvoice低低聲聲地地loseone’’svoice失失音音drop(lower)/raise(liftup)onegivevoiceto說出(發(fā)表)(意見)；吐露(心聲，感情)Ihavevoicedmyobjectionstotheplantomanagement.

我已經(jīng)向管理層提出了對(duì)那個(gè)計(jì)劃的反對(duì)意見。[劍橋高階]

Pleasevoiceyourquestionsattheendofthelecture.請(qǐng)?jiān)谘葜v的最后說出你的問題。Thelittlegirlspokeinahighchildishvoice.小女女孩孩說說Hisvoiceshookwithfear.他害怕得聲音發(fā)抖。Wecouldhearthechildren’svoicesinthegarden.我們可以聽到花園里孩子們的聲音。即學(xué)學(xué)即即用用單項(xiàng)項(xiàng)選選擇擇?Hopingtomakeherself________clearly，，shespoke________hervoice.A．．hear；；atthetopofB．．heard；；atthetopofC．．hear；；inalowvoic

答案：B完成句子?如果有問題，請(qǐng)說出來，別猶豫。

Don’thesitateto________themifyouhaveanyproblems.

答案：voice重點(diǎn)點(diǎn)短短語語1．comeacross碰到；；遇到；；無意中中發(fā)現(xiàn)【用法拓展展】cometo總計(jì)；；達(dá)到comeupwith提提出；趕趕上comeat向………襲擊comeacross偶偶遇/碰碰到comeabout產(chǎn)生；；發(fā)生comeup被提提出comearound恢復(fù)復(fù)知覺；；蘇醒再再度發(fā)發(fā)生，再再次出現(xiàn)現(xiàn)comearound(to...)短短暫訪問問comeout出現(xiàn)現(xiàn)；開花花；被出出版cometrue實(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)，變變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)實(shí)IcameacrossanoldschoolfriendinOxfordStreetthismorning.今天早上上我在牛牛津大街街碰見一一位老校校友。Wecameacrosssomelettersintheattic.我們們?cè)陂w樓樓里偶然然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一一些信。。[美國(guó)國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]即學(xué)即用用?Ifyou________amistakeinreviewingthereport，pleasebringittomyattention.A．comealongB．comeacrossC．comearoundD．comeabout答案：Bcollegeroommateinthestreet，whosaidLiJian，anotherfriendofours，________acaraccidentthemonthbefore.A．cameacross；hadcomeupB．raninto；metwithC．cameacross；hadmetwithD．metwith；cameacross

答案：C?Howdidit________thatyoudidsomuchworkinsuchashorttime?A．comeacrossB．comeaboutC．comeoutD．comeup

答案：B2．passon傳遞遞【用法拓拓展】passsth.ontosb.將將某物物傳遞遞給某某人pass...down把………傳傳給后后世passby走過過；經(jīng)經(jīng)過passthrough經(jīng)經(jīng)過；；經(jīng)歷歷passaway去世世passover忽忽略略passoff(指痛痛苦、、危機(jī)機(jī))結(jié)結(jié)束Shecaughtmycoldandpasseditontoherhusband.我把感感冒傳傳染給給了她她，她她又傳傳染給給她丈丈夫了了。Passthestickontonextonewhenyoufinishedrunning.當(dāng)你跑跑完時(shí)時(shí)，把把接力力棒傳傳給下下一位位選手手。Passthebookontomewhenyou’vefinishedwithit.那本書書你看看完后后傳給給我。。Ipassedthenewstofriends.我把把消息息告訴訴了朋朋友們們。[美國(guó)國(guó)傳統(tǒng)統(tǒng)]即學(xué)即即用單項(xiàng)選選擇?Readtheletterand________him.A．passonittoB．．passitontoC．passitonD．passitfor答案：BThenumbnessinyourfeetwillsoonpass________.A．a(chǎn)wayB．offC．．byD．．on答案：B完成句句子我把她她的口口信帶帶給她她母親親了。。I________________________________________hermother.答案：passedhermessageonto她患了了重感感冒，，結(jié)果果又傳傳染了了孩子子。Shecaughtabadcoldandtherefore，she________it________toherbaby.答案：passed；on2122233．a(chǎn)ddto增增加加；添添加【用法拓拓展】add...to把把………加加上add...up把把………加起起來addupto總計(jì)計(jì)；加加起來來總共共是………additionn．加、、增加加additionaladj.另外外的、、附加加的inaddition另另外inadditionto除除………之外外She’saddedaPicassotohercollection.她的收收藏中中增添添了一一件畢畢加索索的畫畫作。。[劍劍橋高高階]Thebadweatheronlyaddedtoourdifficulties.糟糕的天氣氣增加了我我們的困難難。Surroundingtheschool，thosegreentreesaddtothebeautyofit.環(huán)繞學(xué)校校的綠樹增增添了它的的美麗。即學(xué)即用單項(xiàng)選擇Itisbelievedthatthecollegetuitionfeewillcertainly________thedifficultyofapoorfamily.A．a(chǎn)ddtoB．．a(chǎn)ddupC．a(chǎn)dduptoD．a(chǎn)dd答案：A完成句子錢的缺乏增增加了研究究的困難。。Lackofmoney________________theresearchdifficulty.答案：addedto24254．putforward提出(計(jì)計(jì)劃；建議議等)【用法拓展】putaside留出；放放邊上putdown放下；；記下putin插話，，插嘴putoff推遲，耽耽擱putup升起；；張貼；留留宿某人putupwith忍受受lookforwardto(doing)sth.期盼，，盼望puttheclock/clocksforward將將時(shí)鐘撥撥快Theplanthatheputforwardatthemeetingturnedouttobepractical.他在會(huì)上提提出的計(jì)劃劃是實(shí)用的的。MostEuropeancountriesputtheclocksforwardinthespring.大多數(shù)歐洲洲國(guó)家會(huì)在在春季將鐘鐘表撥快一一小時(shí)。[劍橋高階階]Areyouseriousinputtingforwardsuchaview?提出那樣一一個(gè)問題你你是認(rèn)真的的嗎？ThosetheoriesputforwardbyDr.Kesneraredifficulttounderstand.凱斯納博士士提出的那那些理論很很難懂。ThepeaceplanputforwardlastAugusthasbeenrevivedforthelatestroundofnegotiations.去年8月月份提出的的和平計(jì)劃劃在最近的的一輪談判判中被再次次提出。[劍橋高階階]【易混辨析】putforward/comeup/comeupwith這三個(gè)短語語都有“提提出”的意意思。putforward作“提出””講，相當(dāng)當(dāng)于comeupwith，，是及物動(dòng)詞詞短語。comeup為不及物動(dòng)動(dòng)詞短語，，意為“被被提出”。comeupwith作“提出””講，是及及物動(dòng)詞短短語，但無無被動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)。comeup為不及物動(dòng)動(dòng)詞短語，，主語通常常是表“建建議、計(jì)劃劃等”的名名詞。即學(xué)即用Thedustmenwillgoonstrikeifthedemandsthey________areturneddown.A．couldputforwardB．wouldputforwardC．putforwardD．hadputforward答案：CAtthemeeting，aproposalthatheshouldtakechargeoftheproject________.A．putforwardB．cameupC．cameupwithD．showed答案：BConsideredinallsides，theplan________byMissLiisthebest.A．putonB．．putawayC．．putoffD．．putforward答案：D262728重點(diǎn)句子1．Specialglovesarealsowornsothatpeopleandobjectsinthefilmcanbetouched.【用法拓展】句中so...that引引導(dǎo)目的狀狀語從句(1)sothat引導(dǎo)目目的狀語從從句，意為為：為了………，以使……，句句中謂語動(dòng)動(dòng)詞通常有有can，，could，would等等詞。so...that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果果狀語從句句，意思是是“如此………以至于于……”(2)so...that...與such...that...兩者都引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語語從句，意意思是“如如此……以以至于……”，，不同的是是so為副副詞，such為為形容詞，，其用法區(qū)區(qū)別為：①后接可數(shù)數(shù)名詞單數(shù)數(shù)時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)為：so＋＋adj.＋＋a/an＋＋可可數(shù)數(shù)名名詞詞單單數(shù)數(shù)＋＋that...such＋＋a/an＋＋adj.＋＋可可數(shù)數(shù)名名詞詞單單數(shù)數(shù)＋＋that...②such＋＋可可數(shù)數(shù)名名詞詞復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)/不不可可數(shù)數(shù)名名詞詞＋＋that...③so＋＋表表數(shù)數(shù)量量的的形形容容詞詞＋＋復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)名名詞詞/不不可可數(shù)數(shù)名名詞詞＋＋that...so＋many/few＋可數(shù)名詞詞復(fù)數(shù)＋that...so＋much/little＋不不可數(shù)名詞＋＋that...④so＋adj./adv.＋that...⑤such＋＋n.＋that...注意:so和such引引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀狀語從句置于于句首時(shí),主主句要部分倒倒裝.Ileftat6∶00sothatIcouldcatchthetrain.我六點(diǎn)出門,以便趕上火火車.Speakloudly，sothatIcanhearwhatyousay.說話大聲點(diǎn)，，這樣我才能能聽見你的話話。Heissuchacleverboythatallofuslikehim.他是一個(gè)如此此聰明的男孩孩以至于大家家都喜歡他。。即學(xué)即用用so...that...與such...that...填空Hegotupveryearlythatmorning，________hecaughtthefirstbus.答案：sothatHewas________young________youmustexcusehim.答案：so；that29302．Itis(about/high)timethat...是該做某事事的時(shí)候了Itishightimethatwestoppedarguingandreachedaconclusion.是停止?fàn)幷撜摰贸鼋Y(jié)論的的時(shí)候了。Itisabouttimethatyoudidyourhomework.你們?cè)撟鲎鳂I(yè)業(yè)了.【用法拓展】(1)It’’sthefirsttimethatsb.hasdonesth.是某某人第一次做做某事(2)“是是某人人該做做某事事的時(shí)時(shí)候了了”還還可以以用句句式：：It’’stimeforsb.todosth.It’’sthefirsttimethathehasbeentoLondon.這是是他第第一次次去倫倫敦。。It’’stimeforyoutohaveyoursupper.該該吃晚晚飯了了。It’’stimeforyoutoapologize.是你你去道道歉的的時(shí)候候了。?！咎貏e提提醒】Itis(about/high)timethat...，that引導(dǎo)的的從句句中謂謂語動(dòng)動(dòng)詞常常用過去去式。It’’sthefirsttimethat...，that引導(dǎo)的的從句句中謂謂語動(dòng)動(dòng)詞常常用現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在完成成時(shí)。即學(xué)即即用單項(xiàng)選選擇Isn’tittimeyou________downto________thosepapers?A．got；makingB．．shouldget；makeC．get；writeD．havegot；；havemade答案：A—Look！It’’ssnowingoutside.—Yes，，itisthesecondtimewe________snowthisweek.A．a(chǎn)rehavingB．．haveC．．havehadD．hadhad答案：C3132即學(xué)即即用Ithinkit’’shightimethatwe________effectivemeasurestopreventtheaccidents.A．tookB．betakenC．havetakenD．a(chǎn)retaking答案案：A完成成句句子子早就就該該是是你你努努力力學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)的的時(shí)時(shí)候候了了。。Itis________timethatyou________hard.答案案：high；；studied3334語法法精精講講被動(dòng)動(dòng)語語態(tài)態(tài)一、、被被動(dòng)動(dòng)語語態(tài)態(tài)英語語動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞有有主主動(dòng)動(dòng)語語態(tài)態(tài)ActiveVoice和和被被動(dòng)動(dòng)語語態(tài)態(tài)PassiveVoice之之分分。。如如果果主主語語是是動(dòng)動(dòng)作作或或狀狀態(tài)態(tài)的的[發(fā)發(fā)出出者者]，，動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞就就用用主主動(dòng)動(dòng)語語態(tài)態(tài)；；如如果果主主語語是是動(dòng)動(dòng)作作或或狀狀態(tài)態(tài)的的[承承受受者者]，，動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞就就用用被被動(dòng)動(dòng)語語態(tài)態(tài)。。JohnencouragedMary.約約翰翰鼓鼓勵(lì)勵(lì)瑪瑪麗麗。。MarywasencouragedbyJohn.瑪瑪麗麗受受到到約約翰翰鼓鼓勵(lì)勵(lì)。。第一一句句的的動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞““encouraged””是是主主動(dòng)動(dòng)語語態(tài)態(tài)；；第第二二句句的的動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞““wasencouraged””是是被被動(dòng)動(dòng)語語態(tài)態(tài)。。動(dòng)詞詞被被動(dòng)動(dòng)語語態(tài)態(tài)的的基基本本形形態(tài)態(tài)是是：：助動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞be＋＋及及物物動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞的的過過去去分分詞詞(--ed分分詞詞)動(dòng)詞詞的的被被動(dòng)動(dòng)語語態(tài)態(tài)通通常常有有六六種種時(shí)時(shí)、、體體形形式式：：即即一一般般現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在在時(shí)時(shí)、、一一般般過過去去時(shí)時(shí)、、現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在在進(jìn)進(jìn)行行體體、、過過去去進(jìn)進(jìn)行行體體、、現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在在完完成成體體和和過過去去完完成成體體。。1．．SimplePresentTense主動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)：Iteachhim.被動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)：Heistaughtbyme.2．SimplePastTense主動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)：Itaughthimyesterday.被動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)：Hewastaughtbymeyesterday.3．PresentContinuousTense主動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)：Iamteachinghim.被動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)：Heisbeingtaughtbyme.4．PastContinuousTense主動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)：Iwasteachinghimwhenyoucame.被動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)：Hewasbeingtaughtbymewhenyoucame.5．PresentPerfectTense主動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)：Ihavetaughthim.被動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)：Hehasbeentaughtbyme.6．PastPerfectTense主動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)：Ihadtaughthimbeforeyoucame.被動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)：Hehadbeentaughtbymebeforeyoucame.7．一般般將來時(shí)時(shí)SimpleFutureTense也也常常常有這種種被動(dòng)語語態(tài)形式主動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)：Ishallteachhimtomorrow.被動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)：Hewillbetaughtbymetomorrow.二、動(dòng)詞詞由主動(dòng)動(dòng)語態(tài)變變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)動(dòng)語態(tài)的的步驟1．先找找出謂語語動(dòng)詞；；2．再找找出謂語語動(dòng)詞后后的賓語語；3．把賓賓語用作作被動(dòng)語語態(tài)中的的主語；；4．注意意人稱、、時(shí)態(tài)和和數(shù)的變變化。(1)Brucewritesalettereveryweek.→AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.(2)LiLeimendedthebrokenbikethismorning.→ThebrokenbikewasmendedbyLiLeithismorning.(3)Hehaswrittentwonovelssofar.→Twonovelshavebeenwrittenbyhimsofar.(4)Theywillplanttentreestomorrow.→Tentreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.(5)Lucyiswritingaletternow.→AletterisbeingwrittenbyLucynow.(6)Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave.→Thedoormustbelockedwhenyouleave.三、主動(dòng)形式式表示被動(dòng)意意義1．連系動(dòng)詞詞(如look，sound，smell，feel，taste，，prove等)要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)，，因?yàn)檫B系動(dòng)動(dòng)詞為不及物物動(dòng)詞，它們們沒有被動(dòng)語語態(tài)形式。如：Histheoryprovedtobewrong.他他的理論被證證實(shí)是錯(cuò)的。2．當(dāng)open，close，shut，lock，move，read，wash，clean，cook，cut，wear，carry等用用作不及物動(dòng)動(dòng)詞且表示主主語的某種屬性時(shí)，通常常用主動(dòng)形式式表示被動(dòng)意意義：Thedoorwon’tshut.這這門關(guān)不上。。Thebooksellsquickly.這本書書銷售得很快快。3．有的動(dòng)詞詞本身含有被被動(dòng)意味,通通常用主動(dòng)形形式來表示被被動(dòng)含義.Hercoatcaughtonthenail.她的大大衣被釘子鉤鉤住了。Hereyesfilledwithtears.她眼睛里里充滿了眼淚淚。4．不定式toblame，tolet用用作表語時(shí)，，通常要用主主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。。Whoistoblame？？該怪誰呢？？Thehouseistolet.此此屋出租。5．某些“be＋形容詞詞＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中中的不定式通通常要用主動(dòng)動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Thebookisdifficulttounderstand.這本書很難難懂。Themusicisn’tpleasanttolistento.這音樂樂不好聽。Thepictureisinterestingtolookat.這幅畫畫看起來挺有有趣的。這類結(jié)構(gòu)的特特點(diǎn)是句子主主語就是其后后不定式的邏邏輯賓語，按按理說其中的不定式式要用被動(dòng)形形式，但習(xí)慣慣上卻要用主主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。。6.不不定式用于某某些動(dòng)詞(如如have，，havegot，get，want，need等)的的賓t語后作定定語時(shí)，如果果不定式的邏邏輯主語就是是句子的主語語，通常用主動(dòng)形式表表示被動(dòng)意義義。Doyouhavetimetohelpus？你有時(shí)時(shí)間幫助我們們嗎？Ihavesomeclothestowash.我有一一些衣服要洗洗。Iwantsomethingtodrink.我想喝點(diǎn)什什么。若不定式的邏邏輯主語不是是句子的主語語，則應(yīng)用被被動(dòng)式。比較較：Ihavesomethingtotype.我我有些東西要要打(字)。。(指自己打打字)Ihavesomethingtobetyped.我有有些東西要打打(字)。(指請(qǐng)人打字字)7．在too...todosth.和．．..enoughtodosth.這這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中中，若句子主語與其后不不定式為被動(dòng)動(dòng)關(guān)系，則該該不定式通常常用主動(dòng)形式式表示被動(dòng)意義。。Thewritingistoofainttoread.這筆跡跡太模糊，看看不清。Theseboxesarenotstrongenoughtouseasaplatform.這些箱子不夠夠牢，不能用用作站臺(tái)。8．beworth后后的動(dòng)名詞要要用主動(dòng)表被被動(dòng)。Thismovieisworthseeing.這部影片片值得一看。。She’snotworthgettingangrywith.犯犯不上跟她生生氣。與worth相似的worthy卻卻不一樣，其其后不接動(dòng)名名詞而接不定定式(若接動(dòng)名詞詞則其前應(yīng)有有介詞of),且要用被被動(dòng)式表示被被動(dòng)含義。Thisbookisworthytoberead/ofbeingread.這這本書值得一一讀。9．在bear(承受)，deserve(應(yīng)應(yīng)受到)，need(需需要)，require(需要)，，stand(忍受)，want(需需要)等少數(shù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。Thesechildrenneed/require/wantlookingafter.這些孩子子需要照看.Hissufferingsdon’tbearthinkingabout.他受的苦難難簡(jiǎn)直不堪回回首.Themandeservespunishing.他這個(gè)人人是罪有應(yīng)得得。該結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)動(dòng)名詞改用不不定式則要用用被動(dòng)式表被被動(dòng)。Thesechildrenrequire/needtobelookedafter.這些孩子子需要照看。。Themandeservestobepunished.他這個(gè)人人是罪有應(yīng)得得。10．Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中的不不定式作定語語時(shí)，主動(dòng)形形式表被動(dòng)意意義。Therearemanyclothestowashtoday.今天要洗洗的衣服太多多了。11．某些些動(dòng)詞(如如build，burn，cook，，print，make等)的進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)，可用主動(dòng)形式式表示被動(dòng)動(dòng)意義。Thehouseisbuilding.房子正正在建。Thebookisprinting.書正在印印刷。12．介詞詞短語用主主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)動(dòng)，有些介介詞短語有有the表表被動(dòng)，無無the表主主動(dòng)：inchargeof負(fù)責(zé)責(zé)；inthechargeof由………負(fù)責(zé)；inpossessionof擁有；；inthepossessionof被……擁擁有；incontrolof控制制；inthecontrolof被………控制四、英語不不用被動(dòng)語語態(tài)的幾種種情形1．謂語為為不及物動(dòng)動(dòng)詞(短語語)時(shí)，不不用被動(dòng)語語態(tài)這類動(dòng)動(dòng)詞主要有有happen，belongto，，rise，runout(用光)，comeout(出版)，comeup(提出出)，takeplace(發(fā)生)，comeabout(發(fā)生)，breakout(爆發(fā))，，appear(出出現(xiàn))，disappear(消失)，last(持續(xù))，，arise(出現(xiàn)現(xiàn)，發(fā)生)等。Thewarbrokeoutintheend.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)終于于爆發(fā)了。。Theycameupwithanewplanatthemeeting.他們?cè)跁?huì)議議上提出了了一個(gè)新的的計(jì)劃。2．賓語為為不定式、、動(dòng)詞的--ing形形式或從句句，表示主主語的一些些想法、愛好好或愿望的的動(dòng)詞，一一般不用被被動(dòng)語態(tài)。。Hedecidedtogocampingwithus.他決定跟我我們一起去去野營(yíng)。Iwanttobuyamobilephone.我想買一一部手機(jī)。。3．賓語是是相互代詞詞、反身代代詞、同源源賓語等的的動(dòng)詞，一一般不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)。Weshouldhelpeachother.我們應(yīng)應(yīng)該相互幫幫助。Weliveahappylifehere.我們?cè)谠谶@兒過著著幸福的生生活。Hethinksofhimselftoomuch.他他對(duì)對(duì)自自己己想想得得太太多多。。4．．賓賓語語是是處處所所、、地地點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的的動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞時(shí)時(shí)，，一一般般不不用用被被動(dòng)動(dòng)語語態(tài)態(tài)。。Wewillreachthestationintwohours.我們們?cè)僭龠^過兩兩個(gè)個(gè)小小時(shí)時(shí)就就會(huì)會(huì)到到站站了了。。HehasgonetoLondonnow.他他去去倫倫敦敦了了。。5．．謂謂語語部部分分(動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞與與賓賓語語)是是一一個(gè)個(gè)不不可可分分割割的的動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞短短語語時(shí)，，一一般般不不用用被被動(dòng)動(dòng)語語態(tài)態(tài)。。Theshipsetsailthismorning.這艘輪輪船今今天早早晨起起航了了.Hesawthedoctoryesterdayevening.他昨天天晚上上看了了醫(yī)生生。五、主主動(dòng)語語態(tài)變變?yōu)楸槐粍?dòng)語語態(tài)的的注意意點(diǎn)1．表表示““使、、讓””的動(dòng)動(dòng)詞make，，have等，，以及及感官官動(dòng)詞詞see，，watch，observe，feel，，hear，listento，lookat等，，在主主動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)中，，接不不定式式作賓賓語補(bǔ)補(bǔ)足語語時(shí)，，不定定式前前的to要要省略，，而變變?yōu)楸槐粍?dòng)語語態(tài)時(shí)時(shí)，成成為主主語補(bǔ)補(bǔ)足語語的不不定式式，則必須須帶to。。Isawhimgointotheteachers’’office.＝＝Hewasseentogointotheteachers’office.我看見見他進(jìn)進(jìn)了老老師的的辦公公室。。但如果果作賓賓補(bǔ)的的是--ing形形式，，則不不變。。Ihearhimplayingthepianoathomeeverymorning.＝Heisheardplayingthepianoathomeeverymorning.我聽見見他每每天早早晨在在家彈彈鋼琴琴。2．帶帶雙賓賓語的的句子子變?yōu)闉楸粍?dòng)動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)時(shí)，，既可可將直直接賓賓語變變?yōu)楸槐粍?dòng)語態(tài)的的主語語，而而在間間接賓賓語前前加to或或for留留在動(dòng)動(dòng)詞之之后；；也可將間間接賓賓語變變?yōu)楸槐粍?dòng)結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)的的主語語，而而將直直接賓賓語留留在動(dòng)動(dòng)詞之后。。但一一般采采用后后一種種用法法。Hegavemethepenlastyear.＝Iwasgiventhepenlastyearbyhim./Thepenwasgiventomelastyearbyhim.這支筆筆是他他去年年給我我的。。3．動(dòng)動(dòng)詞believe，consider，，declare，，expect，know，，report，say，suppose，think等的的被動(dòng)動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)，常常有兩兩種結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)形形式。。Hewassaidtogethurtinthecaraccident.人們說說他在在車禍禍中受受傷了了。Itwassaidthathegothurtinthecaraccident.人們說說他在在車禍禍中受受傷了了。4．短短語動(dòng)動(dòng)詞變變被動(dòng)動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)時(shí)，，短語語動(dòng)詞詞后面面的介介詞或或副詞詞不能省略略。Shehasneverbeenoperatedonbefore.她她從未未動(dòng)過過手術(shù)術(shù)。Thebabywaslookedafterbyhersister.這嬰兒兒由她她的姐姐姐照照顧。。Hisplanwaslaughedatbyeveryone.大大家都都嘲笑笑他的的計(jì)劃劃。5．復(fù)合合句的主主動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)變?yōu)楸槐粍?dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)時(shí)，復(fù)復(fù)合句中中的主句句和從句都必必須同時(shí)時(shí)變?yōu)楸槐粍?dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)。LiLeitoldusthattheteacherpraisedhimtoday.＝WeweretoldbyLiLeithathewaspraisedbytheteachertoday.李雷告訴訴我們說說今天他他受到了了老師的的表揚(yáng)。。語法專練練1．Mr.Wang，，who________tohaveimmigratedtotheUSA，taughtatNo.2MiddleSchoolinourcityfortwentyyears.A．ishopedB．isspokenC．issaidD．istold解析：Itissaidthatsb....或sb.besaidthat...據(jù)說某人人……。答案：C2．Hissisterlefthomein1998，，and________since.(2009·全全國(guó)Ⅰ)A．hadnotbeenheardofB．hasnotbeenheardofC．hadnotheardofD．．hasnotheardof解析：考查謂語語動(dòng)詞的的時(shí)態(tài)和和語態(tài)。。語意為為：他姐姐姐在1998年離開了了家，此此后人們們?cè)僖矝]沒有聽到到她的消消息。根根據(jù)句意意可知應(yīng)用被被動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)，句中中的since暗示應(yīng)用用現(xiàn)在完完成時(shí)。答案：B3．—Whydon’twechoosethatroadtosavetime?—Thebridgetoit________.(2009·四四川)A．hasrepairedB．isrepairedC．isbeingrepairedD．．willberepaired解析：考查現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)的被被動(dòng)語語態(tài)。。———為什什么我我們不不選擇那條條路節(jié)節(jié)約時(shí)時(shí)間？？———去那那兒的的橋正正在維維修。。這里里用現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行行時(shí)的的被動(dòng)動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài)表示示橋正正在被被修。。答案：C4．InSeptember2008，China’skeymilestoneinspacetravel________whenZhaiZhigangconductedthefirstspacewalk.A．reachedB．．wasreachedC．hasreachedD．．hadbeenreached解析：有明確確的表表示過過去時(shí)時(shí)間的的詞，，“inSeptember2008””且根據(jù)據(jù)題意意知應(yīng)應(yīng)用被被動(dòng)語語態(tài)。答案：B5．Johnsonsuggestedtheproblemworthpayingattention________atthemeeting.A．tobediscussedB．tobeendiscussedC．beingdiscussedD．shouldbediscussed解析：suggest后用虛虛擬語語氣，worthpayingattentionto作定語語，修修飾theproblem。答案：A6．ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture________tothewell-educated.(2009·重慶慶)A．belongsB．．isbelongedC．isbelongingD．willbebelonged解析：考查動(dòng)詞的的用