英譯漢教程4-對(duì)話翻譯技巧

Chapter4ConversionThreeaspectstocoverConversionofwordclasses(詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換)Conversionofthesubject(主語的轉(zhuǎn)換)Conversionoftheperspective(視角的轉(zhuǎn)換)ConversionofwordclassesEnglish:nominalstyleChinese:verbalstyleEnglish→Chinese:static→dynamicn.,prep.→v.ConversionfromEnglishnounsandadjectivesintoChineseverbsandadverbsEg.1.For20years,wewerepassivewitnessestothedeteriorationofpricesofourrawmaterialsandanexcessiveincreaseofthepricesofmanufacturedgoods.

過去二十年，我們坐視原料價(jià)格下跌，而工業(yè)品價(jià)格卻暴漲。2.Therehasbeennumerousattemptsinthatcountrytodescribetheprincipleasapropagandatrick.

該國(guó)再三企圖把這條原則說成是宣傳花招。３Roofsrequirespecialconsiderationtoensureadequatedurabilityinrelationtotheexposuretothesunandrain.

屋頂需要特別考慮，以確保經(jīng)受日曬雨淋。４.Allpeace-lovingpeopledemandthecompleteprohibitionandthoroughdestructionofnuclearweapons.一切愛好和平的人民都要求全面禁止核武器，徹底銷毀核武器。ConversionfromEnglishprepositionsintoChineseverbsInhisearlydays,heabandonedmedicineforliterature.

他早年棄醫(yī)從文。2.Didyouwinat

bridge?

你打橋牌贏了嗎？3.Ifamancannottellwhoisforhimandwhoisagainsthim,hewasn’tmuchofapolitician.要是一個(gè)人不知道誰支持他，誰反對(duì)他，就不配搞政治。4.Chinaemergesstrongerthaneverbefore,withmoresolidfoundationsagainstflood,drought,andfamine.中國(guó)比以往顯得更強(qiáng)大，擁有更堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)對(duì)抗洪澇、干旱和饑荒。ConversionofthesubjectEnglish:impersonalsubject(物稱主語)Chinese：personalsubject

(人稱主語)Examples(impersonalsubject→personalsubject)

1.Nocomplaintspassedherlips.

她從不抱怨。2.Anideasuddenlystruckhim.他突然想到一個(gè)主意。3.Notasoundreachedourears.

我們沒有聽到任何聲音。4.Angerchokedhiswords.

他氣得說不出話來。5.Thepressureofotheroccupationshaspreventedmefromsendinganearlyreplytoyourletter.

由于近來忙于各種事務(wù)，我未能早日復(fù)信。6.Hispresencewouldhaveaddedonlyanotherandneedlessagonytothelastmomentofthedyingman.他若在場(chǎng)，也只是給垂死的人在臨終時(shí)刻多添一陣不必要的痛苦。7.ThenewsthatgreetedusinCanton,andourvisitslatertovariousplacesturnedanxietyintojoy.通過在廣州所聽到的消息及隨后在許多地方的參觀訪問，我們已由焦慮轉(zhuǎn)為喜悅。ConversionoftheperspectiveExamples:

warmclothes---寒衣

broadjump----跳遠(yuǎn)

green-eyed----眼紅

theemergencyexit----太平門/安全門

Studentsgetadiscountof20%onairfairs.學(xué)生買機(jī)票可打八折。Theyleftthehousebyonesandtwos.他們?nèi)齼蓛傻仉x開了房間。Hisfacewasblackwithrage.他氣的臉色發(fā)青。Wearegettingaheadofthestory.我們講