2021-2022學(xué)年四川省攀枝花市第一高級(jí)中學(xué)高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析

2021-2022學(xué)年四川省攀枝花市第一高級(jí)中學(xué)高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題33.Frommom’slove,patienceandunderstanding,Ihavelearnedwhatahugeresponsibility__________istoraiseachild.A.one

B.that

C.this

D.it參考答案：D略2.Thecoatmadeofthiskindcloth_____well.Ithinkitisworthy_______.A.washes;buying

B.iswashed;buyingC.washes;tobebought

D.iswashed;tobebought參考答案：C略3.Mymotherlikedthiskindofdress________andboughtsomematerialtomakeoneathome.A．inparticular

B．intheflesh

C．ontheotherhand

D．bycoincidence參考答案：A4.Willpowerisakindofquality,______is______ittakestodoanythingwell.A．what;which B．what;what C．which;which D．which;what參考答案：A略5.Itissocoldthatyoucan’tgooutside_____fullycoveredinthickclothes.A.if

B.unless

C.once

D.when參考答案：B6.Thehouse,___wasdamaged,hasnowbeenrepaired.

A.whichtheroof

B.theroofofwhich

C.ofwhichroof

D.thatwhoseroof參考答案：B略7.——Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.——I_______it,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.A.attended

B.hadattended

C.wouldattend

D.wouldhaveattended參考答案：D8.—HaveyouevervisitedHangzhouNo.2HighSchool? —Yes.WhenIwasinZhejiang,I________ittwice. A.havevisited

B.visited

C.hadvisited D.wouldvisit參考答案：B9.Thereisnoneed________andit’snouse________theretooearly.A．torush；arriving

B．toworry；toarriveC．worrying；arriving

D．torush；toarrive參考答案：A10.Theordercame

thesoldiers

thesmallvillagethenextmorning.A.that;hadtoleave B.that;shouldleaveC./;mustleave D.when;shouldleave參考答案：B【詳解】考查從句連詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：士兵們第二天早上離開這個(gè)小村子這個(gè)命令傳來。第一空為同位語(yǔ)從句，作order的同位語(yǔ)，從句中不缺少成分，所以選擇that，order后面的從句中要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即sbshoulddosth,所以選擇B。11.Wearesaidtobelivingin__InformationAge,__timeofnewdiscoveriesandgreatchanges.A.an;the

B.不填;the

C.不填;a

D.the;a參考答案：D12.Ifmycar_____morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.

A.was

B.wouldbe

C.shouldbe

D.hadbeen參考答案：D13.Shewasbusytextingonhercellphone____shewasstartledbycarshonkinganddriversshoutingather.A.when

B.while

C.asif

D.ifonly參考答案：A14.----Isthereanypossibilityofthefilm_____inParisInternationalFestival?

----Notintheleast,becausetheaudiencegenerallythinklittleofit.

A.beingtriedout

B.triedout

C.tryingout

D.totryout

參考答案：A略15.Wehave________oftime,andsowemustendthemeetingassoonaspossibletoday.We’llchooseothertimetocontinueourdiscussion.A.takenup

B.comeout

C.givenup

D.runout參考答案：D16.Ifyouhavebeenbadlytreatedinabank,makeacomplainttothemanager,either

oroverthephone. A.legally B.sincerely C.personally D.patiently參考答案：C17.___________isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.Which

B.When

C.What

D.As參考答案：D18.WiththethirdwaveofeducationandfutureapplicationofAI________theshiftinhowworkersseelearningthroughouttheirlife.A.came

B.coming

C.come

D.comes參考答案：D【詳解】考查倒裝句和主謂一致。本句主語(yǔ)是名詞短語(yǔ)theshiftinhowworkersseelearningthroughouttheirlife，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。排除BC項(xiàng)，A項(xiàng)是過去時(shí)，敘述過去發(fā)生的事情，而本句并無(wú)過去時(shí)的背景。句意：隨著第三次教育浪潮的出現(xiàn)以及人工智能的運(yùn)用，隨之而來的是工人對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的看法的改變。故D項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】本題考查了主謂一致用法，主謂一致主要指“人稱”和“數(shù)”方面的一致關(guān)系。對(duì)大多數(shù)人來說，往往會(huì)在掌握主語(yǔ)和隨后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的一致問題上遇到困難。一般情況下，主謂之間的一致關(guān)系由以下三個(gè)原則的支配：語(yǔ)法一致原則(grammaticalconcord)意義一致原則(notionalconcord)就近原則(principleofproximity)。“主謂一致”考查內(nèi)容涉及名詞單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)、不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)、不定代詞作主語(yǔ)、并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)、特殊名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞數(shù)的一致等。二、翻譯19.盡管今早看上去要下雨，結(jié)果卻是晴天。（turnout）參考答案：Thoughtitlookedlikerainthismorning,ithasturnedouttobeafineday.三、閱讀理解20.Peoplehavebeenwonderingwhyelephantsdonotdevelopcancereventhoughtheyhavealifespan(壽命)thataresimilartohumans,livingforaround50to70years.Nowscientistsbelievetheyknowwhy.AteamattheUniversityofChicago,UShasfoundthatelephantscarryalargenumberofgenesthatstoptumors(腫瘤)developing.Tobeprecise,theyfound20copiesofananti－tumorgenecalledTP53inelephants.

Mostotherspecies,includinghumans,onlycarryonecopy.Accordingtotheresearch,theextracopiesofthegeneimprovedtheanimal'ssensitivitytoDNAdamage,whichletsthecellsquicklykillthemselveswhendamagedbeforetheycangoontoformdeadlytumors.“Anincreasedriskofdevelopingcancerhasstoodinthewayoftheevolutionoflargebodysizesinmanyanimals，”thestudyauthorDrVincentLynchtoldTheGuardian.Ifeverylivingcellhasthesamechanceofbecomingcancerous,largecreatureswithalonglifespanlikewhalesandelephantsshouldhaveagreaterriskofdevelopingcancerthanhumansandmice.Butacrossspecies,theriskofcancerdoesnotshowaconnectionwithbodymass.This_phenomenonwasfoundbyOxfordUniversityscientistRichardPetointhe1970sandlaternamed“Peto'sparadox(悖論)”.Biologistsbelieveitresultsfromlargeranimalsusingprotectionthatmanysmalleranimalsdonot.

Intheelephant'scase,themakingofTP53isnature'swayofkeepingthisspeciesalive.Thestudyalsofoundthatwhenthesamegeneswerebroughttolifeinmice,theyhadthesamecancerresistanceaselephants.Thismeansresearcherscouldusethediscoverytodevelopnewtreatmentsthatcanhelpstopcancersspreadingorevendevelopinginthefirstplace.“Naturehasalreadyfiguredouthowtopreventcancer，”saidJoshuaSchiffman,abiologistattheSchoolofMedicine,UniversityofUtah,US.“It'suptoustolearnhowdifferentanimalsdealwiththeproblemsothatwecanusethosestrategiestopreventcancerinpeople.”32.Whyareelephantsunlikelytodevelopcancer?A.Theyhavearatherlargebodysize.B.TheirgenessuffernoDNAdamage.C.Certaingenesintheirbodykillexistingtumors.D.Theycarrymanygenestopreventtumorsdeveloping.33.Accordingtothepassage,whathasbeenariskintheevolutionoflargeanimals?A.Deadlytumors.

B.Thehugebodymass.C.Cellskillingthemselves.

D.SensitivitytoDNAdamage.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“Thisphenomenon”inParagraph5probablyreferto?A.LargeranimalshaveprotectionfromTP53.B.Theriskofcancerisnotrelatedtobodysize.C.Largeranimalssufferthesameriskofcancerassmallerones.D.Thelargeranimalsare,thebiggerriskofcancertheywillhave.35.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.Dependingonnatureissurelyenoughtofightagainstcancer.B.TheTP53geneshaveprovedusefulinstoppingcancerinpeople.C.HumansareexpectedtopreventcancerwiththemakingofTP53.D.Theextracopiesofelephants'genesareusedtocurecancerpatients.參考答案：32-35.DABC32．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段AteamattheUniversityofChicago,UShasfoundthatelephantscarryalargenumberofgenesthatstoptumors(腫瘤)developing.美國(guó)芝加哥大學(xué)的一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)大象攜帶大量的基因，阻止腫瘤的發(fā)展。可知大象不得癌癥是因?yàn)楸旧砭哂械幕騿栴}。故選D項(xiàng)。

33．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Ifeverylivingcellhasthesamechanceofbecomingcancerous,largecreatureswithalonglifespanlikewhalesandelephantsshouldhaveagreaterriskofdevelopingcancerthanhumansandmice.可知體型大的的動(dòng)物患腫瘤的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更大。故選A項(xiàng)。

34．B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句Butacrossspecies,theriskofcancerdoesnotshowaconnectionwithbodymass.可知癌癥并不與體型有關(guān)。因此Thisphenomenon指的是這種現(xiàn)象。故選B項(xiàng)。

35．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中Thestudyalsofoundthatwhenthesamegeneswerebroughttolifeinmice,theyhadthesamecancerresistanceaselephants.Thismeansresearcherscouldusethediscoverytodevelopnewtreatmentsthatcanhelpstopcancersspreadingorevendevelopinginthefirstplace.可知這項(xiàng)研究被用于老鼠身上時(shí)，他們有著和大象同樣的抗癌能力。這意味著研究人員可以用這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)去開發(fā)新的治療方法，這種治療方法可以幫助阻止癌癥的擴(kuò)散，甚至一開始就阻止其發(fā)展。再根據(jù)第二段theyfound20copiesofananti－tumorgenecalledTP53inelephants.可知這項(xiàng)研究指的是TP53的發(fā)現(xiàn)。綜上所述，可推斷出C項(xiàng)正確。【備注】這是一則說明文。主要介紹了大象為何很少患癌癥的原因，這對(duì)人類治療腫瘤具有非常重要的意義。21.Compassionisadesirewithinustohelpothers.Witheffort,wecantranslatecompassionintoaction.Anexperiencelastweekendshowedmethisistrue,Iworkpart-timeinasupermarketacrossfromabuildingfortheelderly.Theseoldpeopleareourmaincustomers,andit’snothardtolosepatienceovertheirslowness.ButlastSunday,oneagedgentlemanappearedtoteachmeavaluablelesson.Thisuntidymanwalkeduptomyregister（收款機(jī)）withaboxofbiscuits.Hesaidhewasoutofcash,hadjustmovedintohisroom,andhadnothinginhiscupboards.Heaskedifwecouldlethimhavethefoodontrust.Hepromisedtorepaymethenextday.Icouldn’thelpstaringathim,Iwonderedwhatkindofpersonhehadbeentenortwentyyearsbefore,andwhathewouldbelikeifluckhadgonehisway.Ihadahurtinmyheartforthiskindofhumansoul,allaloneintheworld,ItoldhimthatIwassorry,butstorerulesdidn’tallowmetodoso.Ifeltstupidandunkindsayingthis,butIvaluedmyjob.Justthen,anotherman,standingbehindthefirst,spokeup.Ifanything,helookedmorepitiable.“Chargeittome”wasallhesaid.WhatIhadbeenfeelingwaspity.Pityissoftandsafeandeasy.Compassion,ontheotherhand,iscaringinaction.Ithankedthesecondmanbuttoldhimthatwasnotallowedeither,thenIreachedintomypocketandpaidforthebiscuitsmyself.Ireachedintomypocketbecausethesetwomenhadreachedintomyheartandtaughtmecompassion.【小題1】.Thea