第七講 獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

第七講獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

分詞短語作狀語時，其邏輯主語就是句子的主語，否則，就必須在分詞前另加上自己的邏輯主語（名詞或主格代詞）的這個結(jié)構(gòu)叫獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。1、獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)常放在句首。表示時間、條件、原因時，其作用分別相當(dāng)于時間、條件、原因狀語從句。表示伴隨方式時，相當(dāng)于一個并列句。如：Supperfinished(=Aftersupperwasfinished),westartedtodiscussthepicnic.

吃完晚飯，我們開始討論野餐的事。Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout(=Asalltheticketshavingbeensoldout),wehadtowaitforthenextweek’sshow.

所有的票都賣出去了，我們只好等著看下周的演出。2、表示獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的being常省略。如：Thefootballmatch(being)over,crowdsofpeoplepouredoutintothestreet.

足球賽一結(jié)束，人群便涌到大街上。Nobody(being)in,Ididn’tenterthehall.

里面沒有人，我沒進(jìn)大廳。3、表示伴隨方式的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，有時可用“with＋賓語＋賓語補足語”的結(jié)構(gòu)來替換。如：Helaytherethinking,hishandsbehindhishead/withhishandsbehindhishead.

他雙手放在頭下，躺在那里思考著。

Theriverlooksmorebeautiful,flowersandgrassgrowingonbothsides/withflowersandgrassgrowingonbothsides.

這條河看上去更加漂亮，因為兩岸長滿了鮮花和綠草。

“with＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)的賓語補足語可以是現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、不定式、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語等，在句中可作定語，也可作狀語，表示原因、方式等。如：Thechildrenlookedatus,withtheireyesopeningwide.

Iwouldmissthetrain,withnoonetowakemeup.

沒人叫我，我會錯過火車的。Theriverwithgrassandflowersonbothsidesrunsthroughourschoolyard.

這條兩河兩岸長滿鮮花和綠草正從我們校園穿過。Withtheexaminationsover,wehadalongtimetorest.4、有些慣用的分詞短語在句里可以沒有邏輯上的主語而獨立存在，它們往往作為句子的獨立成分來修飾全句。如：generally/strictly/roughly/broadly/narrowlyspeaking,judgingfrom/by,considering,supposing,providing,provided等。如：Talkingofthecomputer,Ilikeitverymuch.

談到電腦，我非常喜歡。reside

[ri'zaid]vt.1.居住；定居(常與in或at連用):HerfamilyhasresidedinNewYorkformorethantenyears.2.(性質(zhì)等)存在于(常與in連用)：ThemainattractionofBeijingresidesinitsenchantingscenery.北京最大的吸引力在于它的迷人景色。3.(權(quán)力等)歸屬于(常與in連用):Thepowertochangethegeneralmanagerresidesintheboardofdirectors.更換總經(jīng)理的權(quán)力屬于董事會。詞根：resideadj.resident

居住的；定居的residentstudent

寄宿生;走讀生;住校生residential

住宅的；與居住有關(guān)的n.resident

居民residence

住宅，住處；居住Quiz1.Themeeting_______nextweekissuretobeagreatsuccess.A.totakeplaceB.tobetakenplaceC.tohavetakenplaceD.beingtakenplace2._______bytheComradeLeiFeng,wetryourbesttodogooddeeds.A.InspiredB.BeinginspiredC.TobeinspiredD.Inspiring3.It'snogood_______here.Let'sgohome.A.towaitB.waitedC.waitingD.beingwaited4.Ilistenedtothewind,______thathewouldnotcometonight.A.thinkingB.tothinkC.thoughtD.beingthinking5.Iremained_______longafterIhadbeentoldthestory.

A.puzzlingB.puzzledC.beingpuzzledD.tobepuzzled6.Thearticle_________onthissubjectwaswrittenbyMr.Black.

A.referringB.referredC.referringtoD.referredto

7.Livingnearthesea,_______________.A.weenjoyhealthyairandbeautifulsightB.healthyairandbeautifulsightiswhatweenjoyC.itishealthyairandbeautifulsightweenjoyD.soweenjoyhealthyairandbeautifulsight8.________sincethenightbefore,Ifeltveryhungry.A.HavingnoteatenanythingB.NoteatinganythingC.Ihadn'teatenanythingD.Nothavingeatenanything

9._______itwithmeandI'llseewhatIcando.A.WhenleftB.LeavingC.IfyouleaveD.Leave10._______suchachance,whydon'tyouhaveatry?A.TogiveB.HavingC.GivenD.Giving11.Wediscussedtheplanthatwewouldliketosee________thenextweek.A.carryonB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout12._________madethemmuchdisappointed.A.HisnotcomingbackB.NothiscomingbackC.HenottocomebackD.Nothecomeback13.Fivepeoplewerereported______intheaccident.A.tobekilledB.tokillC.killedD.tohavebeenkilled

14.IflewtoParisthismorning,myassistant_______metherethisFriday.A.joiningB.tojoinC.willjoinD.wantstojoin15."Doyoumind_________?""Goahead."A.openingthedoorB.youropeningthedoorC.myopeningthedoorD.Iopeningthedoor16.____________,Iwenttotheparkwithmyuncle.A.AsholidayB.BeingnoclassesC.SincehavenoclassesD.Itbeingaholiday

17.Icameintotheclassroom,______myseatandsatdowntoread.

A.findingB.tofindC.foundD.founded18.Itisaproblemthatdoesn'tneed______rightnow.A.tosolve