第七章 泌尿系統(tǒng)

第七章泌尿系統(tǒng)urin(o)-Urine尿2-1urine/5juErin/尿urinary/5juErinEri/尿的urinogenital/7juErinEu5dVenitl/泌尿生殖的urination排尿ur(o)-Urine尿2-2hem(a)-/hemo-//hemat(o)-血

hematuria/7hi:mE5tjuriE/血尿polyuria/7pCli5juEriE/多尿癥urobilin/7juErEu5bailin/尿膽素

bili-膽汁in-素anuria/E5njuEriE/

無尿ren(o)-Kidney腎2-1renography/ri:5nC^rEfi/腎圖renovescular/ri:nuveskjul/腎血管的

surprarenal/sju:prri:nl/腎上的lienorenal/lainri:nl/

脾腎的nephr(o)-Kidney2-2nephritis/ne5fraitis/腎炎

nephroblastoma/7nefrEublAs5tEumE/腎母細(xì)胞瘤hydronephrosis/7haidrEune5frEusis/腎積水glomerulonephritis/^lEu7merju7lEunef5raitis/

腎小球腎炎u(yù)reter(o)-Ureter/juE`ri:t/輸尿管1-1ureterocele/juErtrusi:l/輸尿管膨出

ureteroenteric/juErtruenterik/輸尿管腸的ureteric/juErterik/輸尿管的

ureteroneocystostomy

/juErtru7niEusis5tCstEmi/

輸尿管膀胱再吻合術(shù)vesic(o)-Bladder膀胱2-1vesicoureteral/vesikujuE5ri:tErl/膀胱輸尿管的intravesical/intrvesikl/膀胱內(nèi)的vesical/5vesikEl/膀胱的

rectovesical/rektu5vesikEl/直腸膀胱的cyst(o)-Bladder膀胱2-2cystitis/sis5taitis/膀胱炎cystoptosis/sistu5ptEusis/膀胱下垂cystography/sIs`tCgrEfI/膀胱造影cystostomy/sis5tCstEmi/膀胱造瘺術(shù)

urethr(o)-Urethra/jJE5ri:WrE/尿道2-1urethritis/7juEri5Wraitis/尿道炎

urethral/jJE5ri:WrEl/尿道的urethrography/7juEri5WrC^rEfi/尿道造影urethroscopy/9jJErI`WrCskEpI/尿道鏡檢查meat(o)-Urethra尿道2-2meatorrhaphy/7mi:EtEurfi/尿道口縫術(shù)meatoscopy/7mi:EtEu`skupi/尿道口鏡檢查meatotome/7miE5tCtEm/尿道口刀

meatotomy/7miE5tCtEmi/尿道口切開術(shù)test(o)-testicul(o)-5--1、2Testis睪丸testosterone/tes5tCstErEun/睪酮

testicular/tes5tikjulE/睪丸的ovotestis/7EuvE5testis/卵睪體methyltestosterone/meWIltes5tCstErEun/甲荃睪酮

orchi(o)-orchid(o)-5—3、4Testis睪丸orchitis/C:5kaitis/睪丸炎

clonorchiasis

/klunsis/支睪吸蟲病

cryptorchidism/krIp`tR:kIdIzEm/隱睪Crypto-隱orchiectomy/7C:ki5ektEmi/睪丸切除術(shù)didym(o)-5—5Testis睪丸epididymal/7epi5didiml/附睪的

epididymis/7epi5didimis/附睪epididymitis/7epi7didi5maitis/睪丸炎+didymitis睪丸炎didymo--itisepididymoorchitis

/7epididimCC:5kaitis/

附睪睪丸炎

Epididymo-附睪+orcho-睪丸+-itis炎+epididy`motomy附睪切開術(shù)Prostat(o)-

前列腺prostateprostatic/prCs5tAtik/前列腺的prostatitis/7prCstE5taitis/前列腺炎

puboprostatic/5pju:buprCs5tAtik/恥骨前列腺的pubicoprostatic/5pju:bikuprCs5tAtik/

恥骨前列腺的pelvi(o)-腎盂2-1Renalpelvispelvilithotomy/pelvili5WCtEmi/腎盂切開取石術(shù)pelviureteroradiography

/pelvijuE7ri:tErEreIdI5R^rEfI/腎盂輸尿管造影術(shù)pelvioileoneocystostomy

/pelviEu7iliEu7niEusis5tCstEmi/腎盂回腸膀胱吻合術(shù)

pelvioplasty腎盂成形術(shù)pyel(o)-腎盂2-2Renalpelvispyelonephritis/,pailuni`fraitis/腎盂腎炎pyelography/,pail`grfi/腎盂造影pylovenous/,pailu`vi:ns/腎盂腎靜脈的Pyeloureterectasis/,pailujuri:trektsis/腎盂輸尿管擴(kuò)張hypospadia/7haipEu5speidiE/尿道下裂

hypo-/5haIpEJ/在...之下,亞,次,次于,不足,從屬于

hypos/5haipEuz/疑病(癥)cryptorchidism

/krIp`tR:kIdIzEm/隱睪

crypto-/`krIptEJ/隱秘

-ism:thestateof

Translationcryptorchid/krip5tC:kid/患隱睪病的人(或動(dòng)物)(亦作cryptochis)balanitis

balano-龜頭，陰蒂頭

phimosis/fai5mEusis/包莖,包皮過長

hydrocele/5haidrE7si:l/積水,陰囊積水

hydro-/5haIdrEJ/水,液,流體；

氫的

含氫的varicocele/`vArIkEJsi:l/精索靜脈曲張

varico-/`vArIkEJ/靜脈腫prostatic/5prCstEtizEm/前列腺的hyperplasia

增生

hyper-/5haIpE(r)/超級(jí),超過,超越,在...之上,高于,過度

testosterone/5stiErEun/甾酮,固酮estrogen/5estrEdVEn/雌激素

estro-雌,動(dòng)情期nocturia/nCk5tjuEriE/夜尿癥,遺尿癥

noct-/nocti-：夜

(用于元音之前的)prostatomegaly/prCstEtEu/前列腺

-y:名詞后綴

megalo-/`me^ElEJ/巨大的,不正常的擴(kuò)張hematogenous/7hemE5tCdVinEs/造血的,

香港新聞工作者從業(yè)詞典

流行病學(xué)家epidemiologist研究病毒樣本studyingtheviralsamples研發(fā)治療方法developtreatments胃下垂gastroptosis胃炎gastritis 胃痙攣gastrospasm胃潰瘍gastriculcer胃擴(kuò)張gastrectasis背部肌肉抽筋/抽搐feltamusclespasminherback致命的病毒thedeadlyvirus致命的病菌virulentbacteria致命的感冒菌murderousflu要解決問題，就要從它的根源處著手。Wehavetosolvetheproblemfromtheroot.降低心臟病發(fā)機(jī)率達(dá)四成cuttheriskofheartattackupto40%面容蒼白而憔悴lookingexhaustedandpale面部麻痹facialnervepalsy風(fēng)疹rubella/Germanmeasles風(fēng)濕病學(xué)家rheumatologist風(fēng)濕熱rheumaticfever食肉菌感染flesh-eatingbacteriainfection哮喘asthma氣喘wheeze消化不良digestivedisorders狹心癥anginapectoris病毒virus病毒在體內(nèi)潛伏多年。Thevirusremainslatentinthebodyformanyyears.病毒學(xué)家virologist病理學(xué)家pathologist病菌/細(xì)菌germ；Germisageneralwordforvirusesandbacteria.病征包括暈眩、嘔吐和失去聽覺cancausedizziness,nauseaandhearingloss破傷風(fēng)tetanus神秘疾病mysteryillness胰島細(xì)胞增殖癥nesidioblastosis脊柱裂spinabifida送院時(shí)血糖過低havelowbloodsugarlevelswhenhewasadmittedtohospital退伍軍人癥Legionnaires'disease高血壓hypertension干咳drycough偏頭痛migraine動(dòng)脈硬化arteriosclerosis/atherosclerosis基因重組后的病毒recombinantvirus常見疾病commondiseases帶菌者carrier患上catch/comedownwith/get/contract患肺病的consumptive患哮喘的兒童asthmaticchildren排列SARS冠狀病毒的基因組序列sequencedthegenomeoftheSARScoronavirus第一個(gè)已知的帶菌者thefirstknowncarrier第一號(hào)殺手theleadingkiller細(xì)菌bacteria（pl）/bacterium（sing）細(xì)菌感染bacterialinfection細(xì)菌溫床fertilegroundsforgerms貧血anemia這和有效的防治計(jì)劃背道而馳。That'santitheticaltoeffectivepreventionprograms.造成肺水腫causedlungstofillwithfluid透過體液傳播istransmittedthroughbodyfluids雪梨型感冒Sydneyflu最備受忽視的疾病themostignoredillnesses喉頭炎laryngitis插喉/插管intubation斑疹傷寒typhus猩紅熱scarletfever/scarlatina痢疾dysentery痛風(fēng)gout痙攣wentintoconvulsions發(fā)病率incidence發(fā)燒/發(fā)熱haveafever/haveatemperature/runatemperature/feverish腎病病人kidneypatients腎衰竭sufferingfromrenalfailure/kidneyfailure著涼gotachill萊姆病Lymedisease菌血癥bacteremia詐病/裝病feigningsick超級(jí)病菌superbug超過四分一的香港人患有高血壓。MorethanoneinfourpeopleinHongKonghashighbloodpressure.黃疸jaundice傷風(fēng)commoncold微生物microorganisms微生物學(xué)家microbiologist感到**、作嘔feelnauseous感染該病毒havecontractedthevirus愛滋病毒可以在體內(nèi)潛伏十年而沒有任何病征。Theviruscanholeupinthebodyforupto10yearswithouttriggeringsymptoms.新陳代謝癥候群metabolicsyndrome腸胃炎gastroenteritis腸胃科Gastroenterology腸病毒enterovirus腸球菌Enterococci腮腺炎mumps腹部絞痛cramp腺病毒adenovirus腦炎encephalitis腦炎、腦膜炎（2005年初在中國爆發(fā)的腦炎稱為meningitis）meningitis腦溢血／中風(fēng)stroke該病毒可透過不斷變種，由果子貍傳往人類。Theviruscouldjumpfromcivetcatstohumansthroughcontinuousmutation.預(yù)防慢性疾病專家anexpertinchronic-diseaseprevention頑劣的病菌roguegerms厭食癥anorexia嘔吐vomit對某物敏感isallergictosomething慢性疾病chronicmaladies瘋牛癥madcowdisease瘋牛癥患者通常在病發(fā)后六個(gè)月內(nèi)不治。CJDusuallykillswithinsixmonthsofthefirstsymptomsappearing.膀胱炎cystitis蓄膿癥sinusitis鼻炎rhinitis潛伏期incubationperiod/latencyperiod潛伏期可長達(dá)三十年canliedormantfor30years蔓延全國的傳染病pandemic豬鏈球菌streptococcussuis器官受損sufferedorgandamage導(dǎo)致不良于行causesclumsinessofmovement導(dǎo)致氣促和耳鳴causeshortnessofbreathandringingintheears糖尿病diabetes罹患不治之癥、身患絕癥haveanincurabledisorder罹患心血管疾病的機(jī)會(huì)較高runanelevatedriskofcardiovasculardisease諾沃克病毒theNorwalkvirus霍亂cholera膿瘡abscess隱形殺手hiddenkiller舊病復(fù)發(fā)sufferedfromarecurrenceofheroldsickness壞血病scurvy藻源中毒algalpoisoning囊腫性纖維化cysticfibrosis驗(yàn)身結(jié)果顯示他患有末期肝癌，只剩六個(gè)月壽命。Testsshowedhehadadvancedlivercancerandhewasgivensixmonthstolive.體溫bodytemperature霉?jié){菌肺炎mycoplasmapneumonia（生病時(shí)）變得較為清醒becamemorelucid（蜜蜂）螫傷sting（n）/（vi）（vt）一瘸一拐地走limp人工呼吸kissoflife；isgiventhekissoflife下身癱瘓的女人aparaplegicwoman大量出血bleedingprofusely小傷口/小潰爛smallsores化膿、潰爛、發(fā)炎suppurate/fester；Thewoundisfestering，andgangrenehassetin.手腳已經(jīng)恢復(fù)有限度的動(dòng)作和感覺hasregainedalimiteddegreeofmovementandsensationinhishandsandfeet包括兩名頭破血流的男子includingatleasttwomenwhoseheadswereseentobecoveredinblood包扎傷口dressedthewound包扎頭部傷口bandagedhishead叫救傷車/召喚救護(hù)車calledtheemergencyservices四肢癱瘓的人quadriplegic左腳腳踝骨裂a(bǔ)fracturedleftankle因凍傷而失去一條腿/凍壞了一條腿/凍死了一條腿lostherlegtofrostbite在吐血vomitingblood在車禍中腦部受創(chuàng)sufferingbraininjuriesinacaraccident在路上凍死frozetodeathontheway多處骨折及內(nèi)出血suffermultiplefracturesandinternalbreeding自頸部以下癱瘓paralysedformtheneckdown血從傷口滲出。Bloodwasoozingoutofthewound.助行架walkingframe我扭傷了腰。Iwrenchedmywaist.扭傷sprain（n）/（vt）/wrench（n）/（vi）（vt）；sprains/wrencheshisankle沒有受傷uninjured沒有復(fù)原希望hasnohopeofrecovery身體多處受傷sufferedmultipleinjuriestoherbody使蘇醒resuscitation（n）/resuscitate（vi）（vt）受了幾處槍傷incurringaseriesofgunshotwounds受了輕傷sufferedminorinjuries/sufferedlightinjuries受重傷的人badlyinjuredpeople拉傷pullamuscle拐杖crutch疙瘩、腫塊lump疤scar（n）/scarred（a）；Theaccidentlefthimscarredforlife.倒臥于血泊中l(wèi)yingdeadinapoolofblood凍傷frostbite凍傷了的手指frostbittenfingers骨折sufferedbrokenbones骨折/折斷fracture（n）/（vi）（vt）；fractureshisarm/Thefractureofhisleftlegisveryserious.從輪椅站起來rosefromherwheelchair終生坐輪椅waspermanentlyconfinedtoawheelchair脫臼dislocate被發(fā)現(xiàn)躺臥在血泊中昏迷不醒werefoundlyingunconsciousinpoolsofblood造成大量出血causingmassivebreeding發(fā)炎的inflamed；aninflamedeye，ainfl