廣東省廣州市從化第二中學（從化二中）2021-2022學年高三英語期末試題含解析

廣東省廣州市從化第二中學（從化二中）2021-2022學年高三英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Someverycommonthingssuchas

tothesunforalongtimewilldoharmtopeople'sskinandevencauseskincancer． A．exposing

B．beingexposed C．havingexposed

D．exposed參考答案：B2.Therewas________time________Ihatedtogotoschool.A.a;that

B.a;when

C.the;that

D.the;when參考答案：B3.Onlyinthisway

tomakeimprovementintheoperatingsystem.A.youcanhope B.youdidhope

C.canyouhope

D.didyouhope參考答案：C4.About____oftheworkersinthatsteelworks____youngpeople.

A.thirdfifths,are

B.threefifths,are

C.threefifths,is

D.threefifth,are參考答案：B5.______isknowntousallisthattheoldscientist,for______lifewashardinthepast,stillworksveryhardinhiseighties．A.As;whom

B.What;whom

C.It;whose

D.What;whose參考答案：B6.MysisterandIhadaquarrelover________should

washdishes.

A.whoitwas

thatB.itwaswhothatC.whomitwasthatD.itwaswhomthat參考答案：A7.-Thewindowisdirty.

-Iknow.It___________forweeks.A.hasn’tcleaned B.didn’tclean C.wasn’tcleaned D.hasn’tbeencleaned參考答案：D8.Notdrinkingenoughwater______leadtoheadacheandpoorphysicalperformance.A.can B.must

C.should

D.need參考答案：A試題解析：句意：不喝足夠的水會導致頭痛，身體狀況也會變差。can表“能，能夠”。故選A。9.BecauseBobhadstoppedreadingthetechnicaljournals,hewas

ofnewdevelopment.A.unknown

B.similar

C.unfamiliar

D.ignorant參考答案：D10.It

beagoodmovie—itsreviewswereverygood．

A．can

B．should

C．might

D．need參考答案：B

11.--Ourholidaycostalotofmoney.--Didit?Well,thatdoesn'tmatter__youenjoyedyourselves.A.evenif

B.incase

C.asfaras

D.aslongas參考答案：D12.Allthedishesinthismenu,_____otherwisestated,willservetwotothreepeople.A.as

B.if C.though

D.unless參考答案：D解析：考查連詞的用法。本題的難點就在于中間部分的翻譯。全句意思是：在這份菜單上的所有菜，除非另外說明，會給二到三個人食用。Unless除非。13.Richardsaveduphismoney______hemightgoabroadforhissummerholiday. A.incase

B.nowthat C.asif D.sothat參考答案：D14.Thecaveis_____tothepublic,highupthefaceofacliffwhichnoonecanclimb.

A.inadequate

B.inconvenient

C.impossible

D.inaccessible參考答案：D略15.Anntalkedaboutthepeopleandthings_______movedhergreatlyduringherstaythere.A.who

B.that

C.which

D.what參考答案：B16._____moreeffectivelywithothers,moreandmorepeopleequipthemselveswitha

highereducation.

A.Compete

B.Beingcompeted

C.Tocompete

D.Competing參考答案：C二、填空17.Inworkplacesandfamiliesacrosstheworld,peopletendtocommunicateontheInternet.Wesendendlessemails;wevideochatratherthantravelacrossthetowntomeet.Actually,sittingdownandinteractingwithsomeoneinpersoncanseemlikearareluxurynowadays.Butastechnologydevelops,arewelosingourabilitytoconnectandempathize(移情)withothers?Empathyistheabilitytofeelanotherperson’semotionsandunderstandhis/herviews.Inthepastfewdecades,researchershaveemphasizedourabilitytoliterallyreadothers.Thewayweusuallytrytodetectotherpeople’semotionsisthroughtheirfacialexpressions—theireyesinparticular.Wearetoldthat“theeyesarethewindowsofthesoul,andeyecontactiscertaincriticalinempathy.”However,empathyreliesonmorethanreadingfacialexpressions.Newresearchsuggestsourvoicecangreatlyhelpusconnect.AnewstudybyMichaelKrausfromYaleUniversityhasfoundthatoursenseofhearingmaybeevenstrongerthanoursightwhenitcomestoaccuratelydetectingpeople’semotions.Inotherwords,youmaybeabletosensesomeone’semotionalstateevenbetteroverthephonethaninperson.Krausconductedthreeexperimentstoarriveattheconclusion.Inalltheseexperiments,theparticipantsgavethebestperformancewhentheyonlyheardpeoplesvoices(comparedtowhentheylookedatfacialexpressionsalone,orlookedatfacialexpressionsandheardvoices).Inseveralfollow-upstudies,Krausdirectedhisattentiontowhythevoiceissuchapowerfulmodeofempathy.Heaskedtheparticipantstodiscussadifficultworksituationoveravideoconferencingplatformusingeitherjustthemicrophoneorthemicrophoneandthevideo.Onceagain,theparticipantsweremoreaccurateatdetectingpeople’semotionsinvoice-onlycalls.Whenweonlylistentothevoice,hefound,wesimplyfocusmoreonthenuances(細微差別)asthespeakersexpressthemselves.Howcanwegetbetteratinterpretingemotionsinthevoicesofourcoworkersandlovedones?Thereisn’tmuchresearchsofarexploringthisquestionspecifically.Onestudyonbabies,criessuggestedthatparentswithmoremusicaltrainingwerebetteratdistinguishingcriesofdistressfromothertypesofcries.But,really,wemightnotneedmuchtraining.Krausfoundthat,onceyouremoveotherinputs(likefacialexpressions),yourattentionnaturallysharpenswhenitcomestovoicemessages.Besides,thehumanabilitytocatchnuancesinvoicesmayhaveofferedastrongevolutionaryadvantagetoourancestors,whichhelpedensuresurvival.You’remoreemotionallyonthephoneAquestiontoanswer●Nowadays____51____communicationhasgainedgreatpopularity,whichdramatically____52____real-lifeinteractions.Insuchasituation,canwestillconnectandempathizewithothers?A____53____beliefaboutempathy●Humanstendtounderstandwhatotherpeopleare____54____bydetectingtheirfacialexpressions,especiallyfromtheireyes.Anewstudyaboutempathy●Thenewstudywas____55____onthreeexperiments,whichsuggestedthattheparticipantsweremost____56____indetectingpeople'semotionswhentheyonlyheardtheirvoices.A(n)____57____ofthenewstudy●Thevoiceisapowerfulmodeofempathy,becauseitmakespeoplestay____58____onthevoicemessages.Otherdiscoveries●Accordingtoastudyonbabies'cries,musicaltrainingisa____59____tobetterabilitytolistenforempathy.●Theabilitytolistenwasanimportantreasonwhyourancestorswereableto_____60_____

參考答案：51.online/Internet

52.reduces/decreases

53.traditional/conventional/previous

54.feeling

55.based/dependent

56.accurate/precise

57.explanation/result

58.focused/concentrated

59.contributor

60.survive這是一篇說明文。研究表明人的聲音在人與人之間的溝通交流中起著重要的作用?！?1題詳解】由第一段“Inworkplacesandfamiliesacrosstheworld,peopletendtocommunicateontheInternet”(在世界各地的工作場所和家庭中，人們傾向于通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)進行交流。)可知，通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)交流受到很多人的歡迎。故填online/Internet?！?2題詳解】由第一段“Actually,sittingdownandinteractingwithsomeoneinpersoncanseemlikearareluxurynowadays”(事實上，坐下來和別人面對面交流似乎是一種難得的奢侈。)可知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)交流減少了人們現(xiàn)實生活的溝通。故填reduces/decreases。【53題詳解】由第二段“Inthepastfewdecades,researchershaveemphasizedourabilitytoliterallyreadothers”(在過去的幾十年里，研究人員強調了我們閱讀他人的能力。)可知，這是先前對于移情的看法。故填traditional/conventional/previous。【54題詳解】由第二段“Thewayweusuallytrytodetectotherpeople’semotionsisthroughtheirfacialexpressions—theireyesinparticular.”(我們通常是通過別人的面部表情——尤其是他們的眼睛——來發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的情緒。)可知，人類往往通過觀察他人的面部表情來理解他人的感受，特別是從他們的眼睛。故填feeling?！?5題詳解】由第三段“Krausconductedthreeexperimentstoarriveattheconclusion.”(克勞斯進行了三次實驗得出結論。)可知，新研究以三個實驗為基礎。故填based/dependent?！?6題詳解】由第五段“Inalltheseexperiments,theparticipantsgavethebestperformancewhentheyonlyheardpeoplesvoices”(在所有這些實驗中，參與者在只聽到人們的聲音時表現(xiàn)得最好。)可知，參與者只聽到他們的聲音時，他們最能準確地檢測到人們的情緒。故填accurate/precise。【57題詳解】由第四段“Inseveralfollow-upstudies,Krausdirectedhisattentiontowhythevoiceissuchapowerfulmodeofempathy”(一些后續(xù)的研究中，克勞斯把他的注意力引向為什么聲音有如此強大的移情方式。)可知，克勞斯對為什么聲音有如此強大的移情方式進行了解釋。故填explanation/result?！?8題詳解】由第四段“Whenweonlylistentothevoice,hefound,wesimplyfocusmoreonthenuances(細微差別)asthespeakersexpressthemselves.”(他發(fā)現(xiàn)，當我們只聽聲音的時候，我們只是把注意力放在說話者表達自己時的細微差別上。)可知，說話的人把注意力集中于聲音信息。故填focused/concentrated。【59題詳解】由第五段“Onestudyonbabies,criessuggestedthatparentswithmoremusicaltrainingwerebetteratdistinguishingcriesofdistressfromothertypesofcries.”(一項關于嬰兒、哭聲的研究表明，受過更多音樂訓練的父母更善于區(qū)分悲傷的哭聲和其他類型的哭聲。)可知，音樂訓練有助于提高傾聽他人感受的能力。故填contributor?！?0題詳解】由第五段“Besides,thehumanabilitytocatchnuancesinvoicesmayhaveofferedastrongevolutionaryadvantagetoourancestors,whichhelpedensuresurvival.(此外，人類捕捉聲音細微差別的能力可能為我們的祖先提供了強大的進化優(yōu)勢，這有助于確保生存。)可知，傾聽的能力是我們祖先得以生存的一個重要原因。故填survive。18.ItispredictedthattheChinesespacestationwillbebuiltmostlybymachine.Chinahopestohavethespacestation___9___(complete)by2022anditisexpectedtooperateforatleast10years.Chinaalsoplanstolandaprobe（探測器）onMarsby2020.Untilnow,Chinahascompleteda

totaloffivemannedspacemissions.And,

in2003,it

___10___(successful)landedaprobeonthemoon.參考答案：9.completed

10.successfully本段講述中國未來的空間站計劃，中國希望到2022年建成空間站，預計至少運行10年?！?題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：中國希望該空間站在2022年前完工。本句已經(jīng)存在謂語動詞且句中沒有連詞，故complete只能做非謂語，與邏輯主語構成被動關系，故用過去分詞completed?！?0題詳解】考查副詞。句意：它成功地在月球上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個探測器。landed為動詞，需要副詞形式修飾，故填successfully。三、閱讀理解19.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。Acrosstheplanettherearemillionsofpeoplewhoengageinsometypeofmeditation,thepracticeofconcentratingandclearingthemindtobringthebodyintoastateofpeace,atleastasemi-regularbasis.Forsome,particularlyamongpractitionersofEasternreligionssuchasBuddhismandHinduism,thisispartandparceloftheirreligiouspractice.Forothers,particularlyinWesterncultures,meditationtendstobearesponsetostress.Withtheworldeconomyapproachingmeltdownandpeopleworriedabouttheirjobortheirabilitytokeeptheirhome,it’sawayforpeopletoattainastateofpeaceofmindandwell-being.Forthoseinterestedintakingupthepractice,instructioninmeditationforbeginnerscanbefoundinliterallythousandsofsources.OneofthemostpopularstylesofmediationintheWest,withclassesofferedinmostmajorcities,iscalledTranscendentalMeditation.TM,asitisknownamongitspractitioners,firstcametoworldwideattentionwhentheBeatlesbeganpracticingitin1967.Fordirect,guided,personalinstructioninmeditationforthebeginner,TMmaybethehallmark.Partoftheconfusionabouthowtopracticemeditationeffectivelyisduetothefactthatthereareliterallyhundredsoftechniqueschampionedbyvariousgroupsandindividuals.Asageneralprinciple,itmightbesaidthatallmeditationtechniquesseektohavethepractitionerattainastateofconsciousnessthatisdifferenttoourordinarystateofawareness.Theyattempttotrainpeopletocleartheirmindsandachieveasenseofinnerpeace.Itsoundssimpleenough,butofthehugenumberofpeopleexperimentwithmeditation,veryfewareabletomaintainitspracticeoverthelonghaul.Inmostcases,thisisduetofrustrationovertheinabilitytoexperienceanydramatic,instantlyrecognizableeffects.Thisisquiteasadstateofaffairs,thatsofewthesedaysarewillingorequippedtopersistinsomethingthatdoesn’tprovideimmediatelife-changingresults.Itreflectsacultureinwhichdemandsfordisciplineandsustainedeffortareconsideredunnecessaryorevenunfair.Itisnosurprisethereforethatmanypeopleabandontheireffortsatmeditationbeforetheyhaveachancetobearfruit.Butforanyonewhodoesdecidetotakeupthisworthwhilepractice,pleasere