上海市楊浦區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期一模英語試卷（含聽力）

2022-2023學(xué)年上海市楊浦區(qū)高三上學(xué)期英語一模卷考生注意：1.考試時間120分鐘，試卷滿分140分。2.本次考試設(shè)試卷和答題紙兩部分。所有答題必須涂(選擇題)或?qū)?非選擇題)在答題紙上，做在試卷上一律不得分。3.務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫準(zhǔn)考證號和姓名，并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置上。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Atthetravelagency. B.Attheshoppingmall.C.Atthemuseum. D.Atthelecturehall.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Oh,lookatthis.It’sabrochureforvirtualtoursofthemuseum.M:That’ssocool!Wecantakeavirtualtourofthemodernartworkexhibitionthatweskippedthismorning.Q:Wherewerethetwospeakersthismorning?2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Itsplugismissing.B.Ithasgotoutofpaper.C.Itisn’tconnectedtothepower.D.Itisnotputintherightposition.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Canyouhelpmeplease?Ican’tgetthisprintertowork.Itriedfillingitwithpaperbutstillnothing.M:Well,Icanseetheproblemfromhere.It’snotpluggedin.Q:Whydoesn’ttheprinterworkproperly?3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Bossandemployee. B.Colleagues.C.Policemanandprisoner. D.Classmates.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Whyisn’tBenhereintheoffice?M:Benmadeanarrowescapeandleftworkjustbeforethebosscouldgivehimmoreassignmentstodo.Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Shefailedthedrivingtestinthepast.BShecan’tbelievethemanfoiled.C.Themanshouldhavepracticedmore.D.Themanshouldforgetaboutthetest.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M:Istillcan’tbelievethatIfailedmydrivingtestafterdaysofpractice.W:Thepastisinthepast.Justletitgo.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Hethinkshighlyofit.B.Hedoesn’tlikeit.C.Itlaststoolong.D.Itscontentisnotgood.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Soyou’veseentheshow.NowI’dliketohearyouropinions.M:Well,Iamafraidtheshowisnotgoodenough.Thepresentercomesacrossasabitsortofbig-headedandfullofhimself.Q:Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheshow?6.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Eightweeksisnotaproblemforhim.B.Allthespecialistsarefullybooked.C.Thegoodspecialistisworththewait.D.Hisbackproblemisnotveryserious.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Sincethisspecialistdoesn’thaveanyopeningsforeightweeks,whynotseeanotherspecialistforyourbackproblem?M:Butsheisthebestinthebusiness.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?7.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Thelibrarywon’tbeopenaspreviouslyscheduled.B.Thelibraryisbelievedtobebeyondrepair.C.Therepairworkdidn’tstartfromthe25thofMay.D.Therepairworkshouldhavebeenplannedearlier.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:It’s9o’clock.Howcomethelibraryisnotopen?M:It’sclosedforrepairsfromthe25thofApriluntilthe1stofJuly.ButIheardtherepairworkwasn’tgoingonverysmoothly.Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?8.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Thewomanshouldstickwithhercurrentjob.B.Thewomanshouldtakethenewjoboffer.C.Thewomanshouldbepreparedtoworkextrahours.D.Thewomanshouldstopcomplainingaboutherjob.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:SoyouthinkIshouldtakethisnewjob?M:I’vebeenlisteningtoyoucomplainforoverayearnow.Theypayyoulate.Theyforceyoutoworkextrahours.Whatdoyouhavetolose?Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?9.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Themanisdeterminedtohaveabreakthisweekend.B.Themanishesitantoverwhethertohaveabreakornot.C.Bothofthemareunderpressureanddeserveabreak.D.Neitherofthemwillenjoyastress-freeweekend.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:It’sSunday.Giveyourselfabreak.M:Iknow.IfeellikeIshouldenjoytheweekend,butnotdoinganythingmakesmeevenmorestressedout.Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?10.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Hetendstounderstatethedifficulty.B.Helikestomakeemptypromises.C.Heispassionateaboutextremesports.D.Hehatestostretchthetruth.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Ijustsignedupforanactivity.Doyouwannajoinme?Ipromiseit’snothingtoodifficult.W:Ihighlydoubtit.Lasttimeyousaidthesamething,anditturnedouttobeamarathon.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimplyabouttheman?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.A.Trynottothinkofapolarbear.B.Trytoposeasapolarbear.C.Stopthinkingabouttheirfeet.D.Observethemselvesforafewminutes.12.A.Thosewhowereinformedofthepurposeoftheexperiment.B.Thosewhoweretoldtothinkofwhitebearsonpurpose.C.Thosewhowereshownpicturesofwhitebearsatintervals.D.Thosewhowereaskednottothinkofawhitebearfromthebeginning.13.A.Therewillbegreaterchanceofuscontrollingthethoughts.B.Olddoubtswillbemorelikelytocometothesurface.C.Wewillbeabletogetridofnegativethoughts.D.Wewillbebotheredmorelikelybythethoughts.【答案】11.A12.D13.D【解析】【原文】Trynottothinkaboutyourfeet.Nowobserveyourselfoverthenextfewminutesasyouareunabletostopthinkingaboutthem.Thisphenomenon,knownasthe“whitebearproblem,”wasfirstsuggestedbackin1863byRussiannovelist,FyodorDostoevsky.Inhisessay,hechallengedreaders,“Trytoposeyourselfthistask:nottothinkofapolarbear,andyouwillseethattheannoyingthingwillcometomindeveryminute.”O(jiān)veracenturyandahalflater,HarvardpsychologistDanielWegnercameacrossDostoevsky’spassage,andwasinspiredtoinvestigatethematterfurther.Wegnerdesignedanexperimentinvolvingdifferentgroupsofsubjectswhowereaskedtothinkofornottothinkofawhitebear.Whenthefirstgroupofpeoplewereaskednottothinkofawhitebear,theyendedupthinkingofitmorethanonceperminuteonaverage.Next,thesamegroupwasaskedtodothesameexercise,butthistimetothinkofwhitebearsfromtheverybeginning.Itturnedoutthattheparticipantsinthefirstgroupthoughtofthebearfarmoreoftenthantheothergroupswhohadbeeninstructedtothinkofwhitebearsonpurpose.Wegnercoinedtheterm“ironicrebound”todescribetheprocesswherebydeliberateattemptstocontrolthoughtsmakethemmorelikelytocometothesurface.Questions11.WhatdidtheRussiannovelistaskthereaderstodoinhisessaybackin1863?12.Whothoughtofthewhitebearthemostamongdifferentgroupsofsubjects?13.AccordingtoWegner,whatwillhappenifweattempthardtocontrolcertainthoughts?聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.A.Byusingaspecialtypeofliquid.B.Byabsorbingtheheatfromtheceiling.C.Byfixingadeviceontheinsidecoating.D.Byremovingpressurefromthepipes.15.A.Ithassuccessfullyachievedzero-carbonemission.B.Renewableenergyisusedtheretopowerlightsandheating.C.ItisabletosupplyalltheheatingintheareaofGlasgow.D.Itattractsprofessionaldancerstohaveagreattimethere.16A.Anewmachinetotransformheatenergy.B.Arevolutionarybatterythatstoresheat.C.AninnovativeprojectcalledBodyheat.D.Aglobaldiscussiononfightingclimatechange.【答案】14.A15.B16.C【解析】【原文】AnartsvenuecalledSWG3inGlasgow,Scotlandhaslaunchedasystemthatusestheheatproducedbydancingasasourceofenergy.Themoreenergeticallypeopledance,themoreheattheycreate.Devicesontheceilingabsorbheatfrominsidetheclubandtransportitthroughpipesusingaspecialtypeofliquidcalledacarrierfluid.Theheatenergytravelsinto12holesdrilledintothegroundtobestored200metresbelow.Theheatenergycanbestoredintherockslikeathermalbatterythatstoresenergyasheatuntilitisneeded.Anothersystemthenmovestheheattoareasthatneedwarming.Theproject,whichiscalledBodyheat,wasofficiallylaunchedon6October,anditwastestedduringtheclimateconferenceinGlasgowinNovember2021.Attheevent,worldleadersdiscussedhowtotackleclimatechange.Thesystemstoredtheheatfromvisitorsandusedittopowerlightsandheating.Now,theownersofSWG3saythey’llbeabletoswitchofftheirgasboilersanduseBodyheattosupplyalltheirheating.Thiswouldadduptobigsavingsintheamountofcarbondioxidetheyproduce.Thehopeisthatby2025,SWG3willnotbereleasinganycarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.DrJonGluyas,fromDurhamUniversitypraisedtheBodyheatprojectasa“reallygoodmove”.HesaiditcouldhelpwiththeenergycrisisintheUKbyproducingmoreenergyhereinsteadofhavingtorelyonbuyingenergyfromothercountries.Besides,peoplearereallymakingGlasgowgreener–whilehavingagreattime.Questions14.Howistheheattransportedthroughpipestotherocks200metersbelow?15.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutSWG3inGlasgow,Scotland?16.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.A.Aphonewithanup-to-dateoperatingsystem.B.Anewmodelwithadifferentsizeandcolor.C.Amodelthathasthelongest-lastingbattery.D.Aphonewithanautomaticfilmingfunction.18.A.Itmaynotbeasefficientastheoldone.B.Ittakesmuchtimetogetusedtoanewphone.C.Shecan’taffordtobuyanewphone.D.Shedoesn’tlikethenewapplications.19.A.Theirphonesareregularlyupdated.B.Theyarebothinterestedindigitaltechnology.C.Theybothhaddatastolenfromthephones.D.Theiroldphoneswereboughtabout2yearsago.20.A.Improvingproductivityatwork.B.Enlargingthephonestorage.C.Buyinganewsmartphone.D.Increasingphonesecurity.【答案】17.A18.B19.D20.C【解析】【原文】M:Thisarticlesaysthattheaveragetimeforreplacingasmartphoneisabouttwoyears?ndyou’retellingmethisbecause...?M:Well,I’vehadmineaboutthatlong.SoI’mthinkingitisabouttimetogetanewphone.W:Why?Issomethingwrongwithit?Wegotoursatthesametime,remember?Idon’tfeeltheneedtogetanewoneyet.M:IthinkI’dbemoreproductiveforworkifIupdatedmyphone.W:Really?Howso?M:Itwouldmakecommunicationeasier,andanewphonewouldbefaster.W:Iknowyouareusingyourphoneforworkmore.Butareyousureyouneedanewone?Dothenewonesreallyfunctionbetter?Oftenanewmodeljustmeansanewsize,colororsomeothersmallfeatures.M:Ineedaphonewithanup-to-dateoperatingsystemsothatmyproductivityratestayshigh.ThenewphoneI’mlookingatbuyinghasveryhelpfulnewapplications,too....Well,Iguess...ifyouneeditforwork.M:Whataboutyou?Yourscan’tbeasefficientasitusedtobe.W:Whatareyoutalkingabout?M:Well,isn’tyourbatterydyingfasterthanbefore?Aren’tyourunningoutofstorage?W:Well,myphonedoesdiefasterthanitusedto.Butthereissomuchtolearnwhenyougetanewphone.IttookmealongtimetogetusedtotheoneIhavenow.M:Youstillshouldthinkaboutit.W:Idon’tusemineforwork.Iuseitmainlytotextorcallpeopleandtakephotosandplaysomegames.M:Youalsosearchonlineforthings,don’tyou?W:Well,yes.Butnewsmartphonesareexpensive.M:Let’slookatitthisway:anewsmartphoneoffersbetterprotection.W:Whatareyoutalkingabout?M:There’sbeenahugeincreaseinpeoplestealingdatafromphones.Anewphonecankeepallofourinformationsaferbecauseithasbettersecurity.W:Letmethinkaboutit.Questions:17.Whatkindofnewphonesdoesthemanintendtobuy?18.Whydoesn’tthewomanwanttogetanewphone?19.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthetwospeakers?20.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?II.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.It’sOKNottoBeOKEverynowandthen,youareprobablytoldnottogiveupwhenthingsgetdifficult.Butatwhatpointcanwefeelthatit’sOKtogiveup?Sometimes,givingupcanbeathoughtfulandbravedecision.Ifyoufeellikeyouhavetheweightoftheworldonyourshouldersanditisholding___21___break.___ndawaytotakeabreak.___22___(remember)thatyoucanalwaysgiveupwhenyouhityourlimitandstartoverwhenyoufeelreadyagain.SimoneBiles,witha___23___(combine)totalof32OlympicandWorldChampionshipmedals,gotacaseofthe“twisties”attheOlympicsinTokyolastyear.Thismeansthatwhendoingflips(空翻)ortwists,theworld’sgreatestgymnasthadahardtimefiguringout___24___thegroundwas.So,shetoldtheworldshewasn’tgoingtocompete___25___sheknewherlimits.Ifshehadpushedherselfatallcosts,shemighthaveendedupwithalifelonginjury.Instead,sheknewwhen___26___(tell)peopleshewasn’tOK.Asafour-timeGrandSlamwinnerattheageof23,theJapanesetennisplayerNaomiOsaka___27___(drop)outofthe2021FrenchOpen.Sheannouncedthatsheneededabreak___28___thespotlighttoworkonhermentalhealth.InaTIMEmagazineinterviewbeforetheOlympics,shesaid,“Idohopethatpeople___29___relateandunderstandit’sOKtonotbeOK,andit’sOKtotalkaboutit.Therearepeople____30____experiencesareinspiring,andthereisusuallylightattheendofanytunnel.”【答案】21.you22.Rbined24.where25.because##as26.totell27.dropped28.from##off29.can30.whose【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是議論文。文章通過舉例闡述了偶爾不好也是可以的?！?1題詳解】考查代詞。句意：如果你覺得整個世界的重量都壓在你的肩上，拖住了你，想辦法休息一下。根據(jù)句意和前文的主語you可知，此處表示“拖住了你”，人稱代詞you主格和賓格一樣。故填you?！?2題詳解】考查動詞。句意：記住，當(dāng)你達(dá)到極限時，你可以放棄，當(dāng)你覺得準(zhǔn)備好了時，你可以重新開始。分析句子可知，and連接兩個祈使句，祈使句動詞用原形，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句作remember的賓語，單詞置句首首字母大寫，故填Remember?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：西蒙·拜爾斯(SimoneBiles)，總共獲得了32枚奧運會和世錦賽獎牌，她在去年的東京奧運會上遭遇了“扭曲”。修飾名詞total，用形容詞combined，表示“總和的；總計的”，根據(jù)句意，故填combined?！?4題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：這意味著，這位世界上最偉大的體操運動員在做空翻或扭轉(zhuǎn)時，很難找到地面的位置。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作figureout的賓語，根據(jù)句意，此處用連接詞where“……的地方”符合語境，故填where。【25題詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：所以，她告訴全世界，她將不比賽了，因為她知道自己的極限。根據(jù)句意，前后文是因果關(guān)系，故用because“因為”或者as“因為”引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，故填because/as?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：相反，她知道什么時候告訴別人她不可以。分析句子可知，此處用“疑問詞+不定式”作動詞knew的賓語，根據(jù)句意，故填totell?！?7題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：日本網(wǎng)球選手大阪直美在23歲時四次獲得大滿貫，但她退出了2021年的法國網(wǎng)球公開賽。根據(jù)句意和下文的“the2021FrenchOpen”可知，表示過去發(fā)生的事情用一般過去時，drop是謂語動詞，故填dropped?！?8題詳解】考查介詞。句意：她宣布，她需要暫時離開聚光燈，專注于自己的心理健康。根據(jù)句意，breakfrom“突然離開”，breakoff“中斷；暫?！倍挤险Z境，故填from/off?！?9題詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：在奧運會前接受《時代》雜志采訪時，她說:“我真的希望人們能夠理解，不可以也沒關(guān)系，談?wù)撍矝]關(guān)系。有些人，他們的經(jīng)歷鼓舞人心，在隧道的盡頭通常都有光明?！狈治鼍渥涌芍?，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，relate是從句謂語動詞，結(jié)合句意，此處用情態(tài)動詞can表示“可以；能夠”，接動詞原形構(gòu)成謂語，故填can。【30題詳解】考查定語從句。句意同上。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾people，從句中作定語，用關(guān)系代詞whose，故填whose。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.justifyB.trendC.theoryD.restrictedE.diversifyingF.obviouslyG.termedH.climateI.suddenlyJ.seekingK.evidentTheLipstickEffectIn2020,theworldwasplungedintoaneconomicdownturnastheCOVID-19pandemiccausedwidespreadclosurestobusinesses.Underthesecircumstances,millionsofpeople___31___foundthemselvesfacingfinancialinsecurity.Duringsuchtimesofeconomichardship,onemaynaturallyexpectthatconsumermarketswillseeadeclineinexpenditure,aspeopleeverywherefeel___32___tomakingonly“essential”purchases.However,acuriousphenomenonknownasthe“l(fā)ipstickeffect”canoftenbeobserved.Thelipstickeffectreferstothephenomenonofconsumersspendingonsmallluxurygoodsevenwhenaneconomicdepressionoccurs.Thisphenomenonwas___33___the“l(fā)ipstickeffect”in2001byLeonardLauder,chairmanofluxurycosmeticcompanyEstéeLauder.Hehadnotonlywitnessedthephenomenonatworkbutalsorealizedthatitwasespecially___34___inthecaseoflipstickandothercosmeticproducts.So,howexactlydoconsumerswhoareshortofcash___35___makingsuchpurchases?Firstandperhapsmost___36___,consumersmaysimplywishtogivethemselvestreatsnowandagaintoprovidedistractionsfromtheirfinancialinsecurity.Another___37___hastodowithlabourmarkets.Specifically,duringtheeconomicdepression,jobseekingtendstobecomemorecompetitive.Thus,people___38___employmentmayperceiveaneedtospendmoneyoncertainproductstoimprovetheirphysicalappearance.Byusingproductssuchaslipstick,theymayfeelmoreconfidentduringjobinterviews.Whateverthecausesofthelipstickeffect,thisphenomenonisnoshort-lived___39___.Duringtheglobaldepressionof2007-2009,salesofcosmeticintheUnitedStatesincreasedbyaround5%.Basedonsuchdata,itseemsthateveninthecurrentinsecureeconomic___40___,theluxurycosmeticsindustryisonethatwillbestickingaround.【答案】31.I32.D33.G34.K35.A36.F37.C38.J39.B40.H【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是口紅效應(yīng)?！?1題詳解】考查副詞。句意：在這種情況下，數(shù)百萬人突然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己面臨經(jīng)濟不安全感。由上文“theCOVID-19pandemiccausedwidespreadclosurestobusinesses”可知，此處表示“數(shù)百萬人突然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己面臨經(jīng)濟不安全感”，空格處意為“突然”，是suddenly。故選I?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：在這樣的經(jīng)濟困難時期，人們自然會認(rèn)為消費市場的支出將會下降，因為各地的人們都感到受到限制，只能購買“必要的”物品。由下文“makingonly“essential”purchases”可知，各地的人們都感到受到限制，只能購買“必要的”物品，空格處意為“受限制的”，用形容詞作表語，是restricted，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查被動語態(tài)。句意：2001年，奢侈化妝品公司EstéeLauder董事長LeonardLauder將這種現(xiàn)象稱為“口紅效應(yīng)”。由下文“the“l(fā)ipstickeffect””可知，奢侈化妝品公司EstéeLauder董事長LeonardLauder將這種現(xiàn)象稱為“口紅效應(yīng)”，空格處意為“把……稱為”，是term，這種現(xiàn)象是被稱為“口紅效應(yīng)”，用被動語態(tài)，空格前有was，空格處用過去分詞。故選G?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他不僅在工作中目睹了這種現(xiàn)象，而且還意識到這種現(xiàn)象在口紅和其他化妝品中尤其明顯。由上文“consumersspendingonsmallluxurygoods”可知，這種現(xiàn)象在口紅和其他化妝品中尤其明顯，空格處意為“明顯的”，用形容詞evident作表語。故選K?！?5題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：那么，缺乏現(xiàn)金的消費者究竟如何證明他們的購買行為是合理的呢？由下文“consumersmaysimplywishtogivethemselvestreatsnowandagaintoprovidedistractionsfromtheirfinancialinsecurity”可知，句子表示“缺乏現(xiàn)金的消費者究竟如何證明他們的購買行為是合理的呢”，空格處意為“證明……合理”，是justify，句子是特殊疑問句，空前有howexactlydo，因此空格處用原形。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查副詞。句意：首先，也許也是最明顯的，消費者可能只是想時不時地犒勞一下自己，讓自己從財務(wù)上的不安全感中轉(zhuǎn)移注意力。由下文“consumersmaysimplywishtogivethemselvestreatsnowandagaintoprovidedistractionsfromtheirfinancialinsecurity”可知，句子表示“也許也是最明顯的，消費者可能只是想時不時地犒勞一下自己，讓自己從財務(wù)上的不安全感中轉(zhuǎn)移注意力”，空格處意為“明顯地”，用副詞作狀語，修飾后面的句子，是obviously。故選F。【37題詳解】考查名詞。句意：另一種理論與勞動力市場有關(guān)。由下文“Specifically,duringtheeconomicdepression,jobseekingtendstobecomemorecompetitive.Thus,people___8___employmentmayperceiveaneedtospendmoneyoncertainproductstoimprovetheirphysicalappearance.Byusingproductssuchaslipstick,theymayfeelmoreconfidentduringjobinterviews.”可知，此處指的是“另一種理論與勞動力市場有關(guān)”，空格處意為“理論”，是theory。全科免費下載公眾號《高中僧課堂》故選C?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：因此，找工作的人可能會覺得有必要花錢購買某些產(chǎn)品來改善他們的外貌。由下文“theymayfeelmoreconfidentduringjobinterviews”可知，找工作的人可能會覺得有必要花錢購買某些產(chǎn)品來改善他們的外貌，空格處意為“尋找”，是seek，句中謂語是mayperceive，空格處用非謂語動詞，people和seek之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動，作后置定語。故選J?！?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意：無論口紅效應(yīng)的原因是什么，這種現(xiàn)象都不會曇花一現(xiàn)。由下文“theluxurycosmeticsindustryisonethatwillbestickingaround”可知，這種現(xiàn)象都不會曇花一現(xiàn)，這將成為一種趨勢，空格處意為“趨勢”，是trend。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞。句意：根據(jù)這些數(shù)據(jù)，即使在目前不穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)濟氣候下，奢侈品化妝品行業(yè)似乎也會繼續(xù)存在。由第一段的“theCOVID-19pandemiccausedwidespreadclosurestobusinesses”可知，句子表示“即使在目前不穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)濟氣候下，奢侈品化妝品行業(yè)似乎也會繼續(xù)存在”，空格處意為“環(huán)境，氣候”，是climate。故選H。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Thehumanmemoryisphenomenallystrong.Italsohasahabitofgettingthingsbadlywrong.AccordingtoJonathanHancock,ourmemoryexpert,faultymemoriescanbe___41___revealing.Justlastweek,___42___,mywifeandIwerediscussinghowwe’dchosenouryoungestson’sname.Ihada___43___memoryofuswritingoutalistofpossiblenames,butstoppingafterjustafewbecausewe’dspottedonewebothloved.Mywife___44___.Inhermemory,we’dhadamuchlongerlist,andgonebackandchosenonefromthemiddleofthelist.Sowedugoutthepieceofpaperwe’dused-andfoundthatwe’dactuallydonesomethingcompletely___45___tochooseNate’snameMemorymistakeshappenonalargerscale,too.The“MandelaEffect”iswhenlotsofpeoplehaveconfidentrecollectionsthatturnouttobe___46___.ItwasnamedbyresearcherswhowerediscussingtheirstrongmemoriesofNelsonMandela’sdeathinprison-whenheactuallylivedfor23yearsafterhis___47___.Thereareplentyofotherexamplesofthisphenomenon.Ifyou’resurethatyourememberseeingtheMonopolyManwearingaspyglass,forinstance,orhearingawickedqueensay“Mirror,mirroronthewall,”you’ve___48___ityourself(hedoesn’t,andshesays,“Magicmirroronthewall”___49___).Sowhat’sgoingon?Well,forstarters,memoryoftenworksby___50___,andsimilarbitsofinformationcanoverlapinourbrains.We’realsogoodat“fillingintheblanks”withdetailsthatarelogicalbutuntrue.What’smore,wheneverwerunthroughamemory,wemakeitstronger—___51___anybitsthatwerewrong.Butthere’splentyofgoodnewshere,too.Everyonemisremembers.Weshouldn’tbetoohardonourselveswhenwemakemistakes.Thementalassociationsthatsometimesleadto___52___canalsohelpustofindinformationotherwisedifficulttolocate.Ifyou’re___53___withsomeone’sname,trythinkingofthingsyouassociatewiththem,andseeifyourbraingetsthepushitneeds.Discussingyourmemoriesisgreatmentalexercise.Ithighlightsstrengthsandweaknesses,andletsyoulearntipsfromothers.___54___memoriesoftenbuildsamuchmoreaccuratepicture.Thatwascertainlytrueformywifeandme.Makesuretorememberthatrememberingisacreative___55___:mind-blowinglypowerful,andalsolikelytomakemistakes.41.A.subsequently B.extremely C.rarely D.instantly42A.onthecontrary B.forexample C.inaddition D.bytheway43.A.faint B.smart C.painful D.vivid44.A.inferred B.hesitated C.confirmed D.disagreed45.A.different B.subjective C.primitive D.contradictory46.A.wrong B.consistent C.substantial D.right47.A.rejection B.release C.imprisonment D.movement48.A.experienced B.witnessed C.anticipated D.spread49.A.though B.finally C.instead D.otherwise50.A.conservation B.separation C.facilitation D.association51.A.excluding B.regarding C.including D.considering52.A.errors B.trials C.facts D.data53.A.competing B.struggling C.corresponding D.exchanging54.A.Attaining B.Boosting C.Perceiving D.Comparing55.A.component B.phase C.outcome D.process【答案】41.B42.B43.D44.D45.A46.A47.B48.A49.C50.D51.C52.A53.B54.D55.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了記憶錯誤發(fā)生的普遍性，并分析了這一現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因及應(yīng)對措施?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：根據(jù)我們的記憶專家JonathanHancock的說法，錯誤的記憶是非常有啟發(fā)性的。A.subsequently后來；B.extremely非常；C.rarely很少；D.instantly立刻。根據(jù)下文“Thementalassociationsthatsometimesleadto___12___canalsohelpustofindinformationotherwisedifficulttolocate”可知，錯誤的記憶是非常有啟發(fā)性的。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：例如，就在上周，我和妻子還在討論如何給小兒子取名字。A.onthecontrary相反；B.forexample例如；C.inaddition另外；D.bytheway順便說一下。根據(jù)下文“mywifeandIwerediscussinghowwe’dchosenouryoungestson’sname”可知，此處是作者已自己的經(jīng)歷為例，空格處意為“例如”。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我清楚地記得，我們列出了一個可能的名字的清單，但只寫了幾個就停了下來，因為我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個我們都喜歡的名字。A.faint模糊的；B.smart聰明的；C.painful痛苦的；D.vivid生動的，逼真的。根據(jù)下文“Sowedugoutthepieceofpaperwe’dused”可知，作者清楚地記得，曾經(jīng)列出了一個可能的名字的清單，因此這段記憶是很生動逼真的。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我妻子不同意。A.inferred推斷；B.hesitated猶豫；C.confirmed確認(rèn)；D.disagreed不同意。根據(jù)下文“we’dhadamuchlongerlist,andgonebackandchosenonefromthemiddleofthelist”可知，作者的妻子覺得當(dāng)時列的清單更長，因此此處表示“妻子不同意”。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：于是，我們拿出了之前用過的那張紙，發(fā)現(xiàn)我們?yōu)榱私o內(nèi)特取名字所做的事情其實完全不同。A.different不同的；B.subjective主觀的；C.primitive原始的；D.contradictory相互矛盾的。根據(jù)上文“stoppingafterjustafew”和“we’dhadamuchlongerlist”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)他們?yōu)榱私o內(nèi)特取名字所做的事情其實完全不同，故選A。【46題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“曼德拉效應(yīng)”指的是很多人自信滿滿的回憶最終被證明是錯誤的。A.wrong錯誤的；B.consistent一致的；C.substantial大量的；D.right正確的。根據(jù)上文“Memorymistakeshappenonalargerscale”可知，句子表示“曼德拉效應(yīng)指的是很多人自信滿滿的回憶最終被證明是錯誤的”。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個名字是由研究人員命名的，當(dāng)時他們正在討論對納爾遜·曼德拉在獄中死亡的強烈記憶——實際上，曼德拉在獲釋后還活了23年。A.rejection拒絕；B.release釋放；C.imprisonment監(jiān)禁；D.movement活動。根據(jù)上文“heactuallylivedfor23yearsafter”可知，曼德拉在獲釋后還活了23年。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，如果你確信你記得看到大富翁男人戴著望遠(yuǎn)鏡，或者聽到邪惡的女王說“鏡子，墻上的鏡子”，那么你自己也經(jīng)歷過（他沒有，她反而說的是“墻上的魔鏡”）。A.experienced經(jīng)歷；B.witnessed目擊；C.anticipated預(yù)期；D.spread傳播。根據(jù)上文“you’resurethatyourememberseeingtheMonopolyManwearingaspyglass,forinstance,orhearingawickedqueensay“Mirror,mirroronthewall,””可知，此處表示“你自己也經(jīng)歷過這”。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，如果你確信你記得看到大富翁男人戴著望遠(yuǎn)鏡，或者聽到邪惡的女王說“鏡子，墻上的鏡子”，那么你自己也經(jīng)歷過（他沒有，她反而說的是“墻上的魔鏡”）。A.though雖然；B.finally最后；C.instead反而；D.otherwise否則。根據(jù)上文“Mirror,mirroronthewall”和“Magicmirroronthewall”可知，此處表示她說的不是“Mirror,mirroronthewall”，而是“Magicmirroronthewall”，空格處是“反而”。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，記憶通常是通過聯(lián)想起作用的，相似的信息可以在我們的大腦中重疊。A.conservation保存；B.separation分離；C.facilitation促進(jìn)；D.association聯(lián)想。根據(jù)第12空前的“Thementalassociations”可知，此處表示“記憶通常是通過聯(lián)想起作用的”。故選D。【51題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：更重要的是，每當(dāng)我們?yōu)g覽一段記憶時，我們都會讓它變得更強大——包括任何錯誤的部分。A.excluding把……排除在外；B.regarding認(rèn)為；C.including包括；D.considering考慮。根據(jù)上文“We’realsogoodat“fillingintheblanks”withdetailsthatarelogicalbutuntrue”可知，我們會把任何錯誤的部分包括進(jìn)記憶中。故選C。【52題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時導(dǎo)致錯誤的心理聯(lián)想也可以幫助我們找到難以定位的信息。A.errors錯誤；B.trials試驗；C.facts事實；D.data數(shù)據(jù)。根據(jù)上文“We’realsogoodat“fillingintheblanks”withdetailsthatarelogicalbutuntrue”和“__11___anybitsthatwerewrong”可知，句子表示“有時導(dǎo)致錯誤的心理聯(lián)想也可以幫助我們找到難以定位的信息”。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你努力地想記起某個人的名字，試著想想與他們有關(guān)的事物，看看你的大腦是否得到了所需的推動。A.competing競爭；B.struggling努力；C.corresponding通信；D.exchanging交換。根據(jù)下文“trythinkingofthingsyouassociatewiththem,andseeifyourbraingetsthepushitneeds”可知，此處表示“如果你努力地想記起某個人的名字，試著想想與他們有關(guān)的事物，看看你的大腦是否得到了所需的推動”。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：比較記憶往往能構(gòu)建出更準(zhǔn)確的畫面。A.Attaining獲得；B.Boosting促進(jìn)；C.Perceiving理解；D.Comparing比較。根據(jù)上文“Discussingyourmemoriesisgreatmentalexercise.Ithighlightsstrengthsandweaknesses,andletsyoulearntipsfromothers”和下文“Thatwascertainlytrueformywifeandme”及前文描述的作者和妻子有不同的記憶可知，此處表示“比較記憶往往能構(gòu)建出更準(zhǔn)確的畫面”。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一定要記住，記憶是一個創(chuàng)造性的過程：驚人的強大，也可能犯錯誤。A.component成分；B.phase階段；C.outcome結(jié)果；D.process過程。根據(jù)上文“rememberingisacreative”和下文“