河北省石家莊市孫莊鄉(xiāng)孫莊中學高一英語期末試題含解析

河北省石家莊市孫莊鄉(xiāng)孫莊中學高一英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Hissonwill__________thebusinesswhenMr.Smithgetsold.A.takeover

B.takeoff

C.takedown

D.takeout參考答案：A略2.---I’mworriedaboutthecomingexam.---______.Morgan!Everythingwillgetbetter.A.Havefun

B.Justforgetit

C.Allright

D.Calmdown參考答案：D3.------Ihavesomebignewsforyou.You’vebeenacceptedasamemberofourclub.-------That’sgreat!A．HaveI?

B．Pardon?

C．Congratulations!

D．Goodidea!參考答案：A4.Onlyaftertheyhaddiscussedthematterforseveralhours_______adecision.A.dotheyreach

B.didtheyreach

C.theyreached

D.theyreach參考答案：B5.Richardlookedattheenvelopeand Jenny'shandwritingimmediately.A.recognized B.found

C.realized D.concerned參考答案：D6.Theheadmasteraskedtheboytoapologize______theteacher_______whathehaddone,butherefusedto.A.for;for

B.to;to

C.for;to

D.to;for參考答案：D略7.Ifhecan__________hisabilitywithhardwork，heshouldbeverysuccessful.A.realize

B.develop

C.combine

D.train參考答案：C8.—You’veleftthelighton.—Oh,soIhave._________andturnitoff.A.I’llgo

B.I’vegone

C.Igo

D.I’mgoing參考答案：A9.Thiskindoffruit___________largeamountsofvitamin,

vitaminC.A.includes;including

B.takes;containing

C.holds;included

D.contains;including參考答案：D10.------Haveyoupackedforyouradventureholiday?------Oh,almost,butIstillneedaflashlight_____Iwillbeabletoseeinthedark.A.because

B.sothat

C.evenif

D.as參考答案：B11.PleasetellTomnottoleavetheclassroomunlesshe______thatallthelights______.A.makessure;areturnedoff B.makessure;willbeturnedoffC.

ismadesure;areturnedoff D.willmakesure;willbeturnedoff參考答案：A12.Everyfarmerknowsthatweather_____farming.A.playsapartin

B.takespartin

C.makesuseof

D.getsalongwith參考答案：A略13.

Hewasverytired;_______,hewouldn’thavesleptatthemeeting.

A.otherwise

B.therefore

C.though

D.however參考答案：A14.Thesilenceinthedarkbuildingwasscaring.Nosoundandvoice____heardatthatmoment.A.were

B.was

C.is

D.are參考答案：B略15.--Doyouthinkittruethatallthetheoriesshould________facts?--Idon’tsupposeso.Ifso,therewouldbenopredictions(預言)A.bemadeon

B.bebasedon

C.besetupwith

D.bebuiltwith參考答案：B16._______themanagercametoBeijingonbusiness,hewouldvisithisoldfriendsthere.A.Everytime

B.Manytimes

C.Innotime

D.Allthetime參考答案：A17.Thenewbuildingis____beingcompleted.

A.undertheway

B.bywayof

C.onthewayto

D.inthewayof參考答案：C解析：此處考查onthewaytodoingsth短語，意為“正要……”。18.GuoJingmingisknown______awriterandheismostknown_______hisnovels,whichisknown______manyyoungpeople.A.to,for,as

B.as,for,to

C.for,to,as

D.as,to,for參考答案：B二、填空19.1．—Peopleshouldstopusingtheircarsandstartusingpublictransport.—________(exact).Theroadsaretoo________(crowd)astheyare.2．Allpassengers________(find)injuredintheaccidentweresenttothe________(near)hospitalinnotime.3．Makesurethegasisturnedoffafterabath,whichwould________causedanger.4．________wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.5．Mrs.Blacktookthepolicebacktothesameplace________shewitnessed(目擊)therobbery(搶劫)．參考答案：1.Exactly;crowdedexactly“確實是；正是；太對了”；crowded“擁擠的”。2.found;nearby/nearestfind與passengers之間存在邏輯上的被動關系，故用其過去分詞形式。第二空填nearby“附近的”或最高級形式。3.otherwiseotherwise“否則；要不然”，符合句意。4.Whatwhat引導的是主語從句，且what在從句中作主語。shetoldme是插入語。句意：她告訴我，對她來說最重要的是她的家庭。5.where句意：布萊克夫人帶警方回到她目睹搶劫案的地方。空格后為定語從句，且定語從句主謂賓齊全，故須填入作狀語的關系副詞，又因先行詞表示地點，故應用where。

20.AsandstormoftentakesplaceinthenorthernChina,___61___isakindofnaturaldisasters.ChinausuallyexperiencesthiskindofweatherbetweenFebruaryandMay,whileMarchandAprilseethemostfrequentandthe___62___(strong)sandstorms.Itbecomesaveryimportantenvironmentalproblem.Itdoeslotsofharm___63___thesocietyaswellastheenvironment.Firstly,thestrongwinddestroyssoilandplantcoverby___64___(bury)fieldswithsandanddust.Secondly,byleavingtoomuchdustintheairitwill___65___(serious)pollutetheair.Thirdly,asandstormwillhave___66___badeffectontransportation.Thedustintheairmakestrafficandaircraftmovementsmoredifficult.Andwhenthesandburiestheroads,thetrafficwill___67___(block).Whenplantsinthefarmlandareburied,foodsupplywilllose.Sandstormsareanother___68___(punish)naturegivestomankind.Weshouldnotonlytakeeffectivemeasures___69___(stop)them,butalsodrawsome___70___(lesson)fromthem.Weshouldnotdeveloptheeconomy(經(jīng)濟)atthecostofthenaturalenvironment.參考答案：61.which

62.strongest

63.to

64.burying

65.seriously

66.a

67.beblocked

68.punishment

69.tostop

70.lessons文章介紹了在中國經(jīng)常發(fā)生的沙塵暴造成的危害，告誡我們不應該以犧牲環(huán)境為代價發(fā)展經(jīng)濟。61.which考查定語從句，句意：沙塵暴經(jīng)常發(fā)生在中國北方，這是一種自然災害。與前面的句子是逗號連接，沒有連接，故判斷后面是定語從句，用which引導非限制性定語從句，指代Asandstorm，故填which。62.strongest考查形容詞最高級。句意：中國通常在2月到5月之間經(jīng)歷這種天氣，而3月和4月則是最頻繁、最強烈的沙塵暴。and并列連接themostfrequent和thestrongest兩個形容詞最高級，故填strongest。63.to考查短語。句意：它對社會和環(huán)境都有損害。動詞短語damagetosomething“對…造成損害”，故填to。64.burying考查動詞ing形式。句意：強風破壞了土壤和植物的植被。介詞by后邊加動詞ing形式，故填burying。65.seriously考查副詞。句意：在空氣中留下太多的灰塵會嚴重污染空氣。嚴重地seriously，副詞作狀語修飾動詞pollute，故填seriously。66.a考查冠詞。句意：沙塵暴將對運輸產(chǎn)生不良影響。haveabadeffectonsomething對…產(chǎn)生不良影響。故填a。67.beblocked考查被動語態(tài)。句意：交通就會被堵塞。用被動語態(tài)形式，故填beblocked。68.punishment考查名詞。句意：沙塵暴是大自然給人類的另一種懲罰。懲罰punishment作表語。故填punishment。69.tostop考查動詞不定式。句意：我們不僅要采取有效的措施來阻止它們。takemeasurestodosomething采取措施做某事，故填tostop。70.lessons考查短語。句意：還要從他們身上吸取教訓。Drawlessonsfromthem從他們身上吸取教訓。故填lessons。點睛：這是關于沙塵暴的發(fā)生和危害的文章，關系到大部分人的切身感受，容易理解。做題時要根據(jù)上下文填寫空白處所需的內(nèi)容或所提供單詞的正確形式，要靈活運用語法知識，必要時要做適當詞形變化，如第二小題句中由and連接前后兩個并列成分，前邊是themostfrequent最高級形式，所以此處也要用最高級形式strongest。三、閱讀理解21.AlfredNobel,thegreatSwedishinventorandindustrialist,wasborninStockholmonOctober21,1833,butmovedtoRussiawithhisparentsin1842,wherehisfather,Immanuel,madeastrongpositionforhimselfintheengineeringindustry.ImmanuelNobelinventedlandmineandmadealotofmoneyfromthegovernmentduringtheCrimeanWar,butwentbankruptsoonafter.Then,thefamilyreturnedtoSwedenin1859,whereAlfredbeganhisownstudyofexplosivesinhisfather’slab.Hehadneverbeentoschooloruniversitybuthadtaughthimself,andbythetimehewastwenty,hebecameaskillfulchemistandexcellentlinguist,speakingSwedish,Russian,German,FrenchandEnglish.Hebuiltupover80companiesin20differentcountries.Hewasalwayssearchingforameaningtolife.Hespentmuchtimeandmoneyworkingonhowtoendthewars,andthepeacebetweennations,untilhisdeathinItalyin1896.Hisfamouslastwill,inwhichheleftmoneytoprovideprizesforoutstandingworkinphysics,chemistry，physiology,medicine,literatureandpeace,isamemorialtohisinterestsandideas.Andso,themanisrememberedandrespectedlongafterhisdeath.64.WhatdidImmanuelNobelinventedduringtheCrimeanWar?A.Theengineeringindustry.

B.Astrongposition.C.Landmine.

D.Studyofexplosives.65.WhydidAlfredNobelreturntoSweden?Becausehisfather__________.

A.wentbankrupt

B.wasputinprisonC.wasill

D.died66.WhatwasAlfredNobelalwayssearchingfor?A.Moretimeandmoremoney.

B.Ameaningtolife.C.Howtoendthewar.

D.Thepeacebetweennations.參考答案：CAB22.

ThereisanEnglishsayingthatsays,“LetSleepingDogsLie.”Itmeansnotbringingupanoldproblem.ResearchersinHungaryhavefoundanotherreasontoletdogskeeponsleeping.Itseemstheanimalsarelearningwhiletheysleep.

TheHungarianresearchersplacedtoolsonthedogs’headstoknowaboutelectricalactivityinthebrain.Thebrainactivity,calledsleepspindles(梭狀波),takesplaceinhumanbegins,andhasbeenconnectedwithlearning.Theresearchershopetounderstandhowthedogs’abilitytolearnandrememberchangesastheygetolder.Thestudymayhelpthemunderstandhowhumanbrainschangeasweage.

Theresearchersfounddifferencesbetweenmaleandfemaledogs.Iotchey,aresearcher,saysthefemalesappearedmuchbetteratlearningnewthings.Femaledogshaveabouttwiceasmanyspindlesperminuteasmaledogs,theyalsohappentobethebetterlearners,andtheymemorizethetaskmuchbetter.Butitwasharderforalltheolderdogstorememberthings,especiallywhenseveralthingswerehappeningatthesametime.

DoraSzaboalsostudiessleepspindles.SzaboisaneuroscientistinauniversityinBudapest.Shesaystheolderdogshavefewerspindlesandareeasilycheated.“Ifyoufirsthidetherewardintoonebowl,theninanotherandinanother,theygetlostafterawhile.Sotheirperformanceisgoingdown,andtheyaregettingpoorinsolvingnewproblems.”

Researchershopethestudywillnotonlyhelpunderstandingoflearningabilityandmemorychangesindogs,butalsotheagingofhumans.SeniorResearcherEnikoKubinyiaddsthattheagingdogssufferfromthesameproblemsashumanswhoareaging.“Amongveryolddogs,uptotwothirdsofthemshowsignsofdementia(癡呆)