中考英語復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解46（含解析）

試卷第=page22頁，總=sectionpages22頁試卷第=page55頁，總=sectionpages55頁2015屆中考英語復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解46（含解析）Theworldisnothungry,butitisthirsty.Itseemsstrangethatnearly3/4oftheearthiscoveredwithwaterwhilewesayweareshortofwater.Why?Becauseabout97%ofwaterontheearthisseawaterwhichwecan'tdrinkoruseforwateringplantsdirectly.Mancanonlydrinkandusethe3%-thewaterthatcomesfromriversandlakes.Andwecan'tevenuseallofthat,becausesomeofithasbeenpolluted.Nowmorewaterisneeded.Theproblemis:Canweavoid(避免)aseriouswatershortagelateron?First,weshouldalllearnhowtosavewater.Secondly,weshouldfindoutthewaystoreuseit.Scientistshavealwaysbeenmakingstudiesinthefield.Today,inmostlargecitieswaterisusedonlyonceandthenrunstotheseaorrivers.Butitcanbeusedagain.Evenifeverylargecityreuseditswater,stilltherewouldnotbeenough.Whatcouldpeopleturntonext?Theseaseemstohavethebestanswer.Thereisalotofwaterinthesea.Allthatneedstobedoneistogetthesaltoutoftheseawater.Thisisexpensive,butit'salreadyusedinmanypartsoftheworld.Scientistsaretryingtofindacheaperwayofdoingit.Soyousee,ifwecanfindawayout,we'llbeinnodangerofdryingup.1．Theworldisthirstybecause________.A.3/4oftheearthiscoveredwithwaterB.wehaveenoughseawatertousedirectlyC.wehaven'tusedallthewaterinriversandlakesD.about97%ofwaterontheearthcan'tbedrunkorusedforwateringplantsdirectly2．Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.3%ofwaterontheearthisinriversandlakes.B.75%ofwaterontheearthisthesea.C.97%oftheearthiscoveredwithwater.D.3%ofwaterontheearthisseawater.3．Fromthepassagewelearn_________.A.ifeverycityreusesitswater,we'llbeinnodangerofdryingupB.mancanonlydrinkanduseabout25%ofwaterontheearthC.todayinmostlargecitieswaterisusedonlyonceD.watercanbeusedonlyonce4．Toavoidtheseriouswatershortage,whichofthefollowingisthemostimportant?A.Savewaterandtrytomakegooduseofthewaterinriversandlakes.B.Don'tpollutewaterandkeepallriversandlakesclean.C.Makedirtywatercleanandthenreuseit.D.Trytofindacheaperwaytogetthesaltoutoftheseawater.5．Thenameofthepassagewouldbe________A.TheSeaWaterB.HowtoSaveWaterC.TheThirstyWorldD.ThePollutedWaterAnoldfarmerspentallhislifeonhisfarminthecountryinthesoutheastofEngland.Onedayhedecidedtovisitthebigcity.Everythingwasnewandstrangetohim,becausehehadnevertraveledtothecitybefore.Theoldfarmervisitedalotofinterestingplacesinthecity.Herushedintoalargetallbuildingandsawalift.Whenhewaswatching,anoldwomangotintotheliftandclosedthedoor.Afterawhile,thedooropenedagainandaveryperfectyounggirlcameout.Theoldfarmerwasverysurprised,“Whatafunnylittleroom!”Hesaidtohimself,“It’smagic.Itcanchangeanoldwomanintoayounggirl.ThenexttimeIcomehere,I’mgoingtobringmywifetotakethelift.”6．Theoldfarmerlived____.A.nearthecity B.inthecityC.inthesoutheastofEngland D.inalargetallbuilding7．Theoldfarmerdecided____oneday.A.tovisitabuilding B.tovisitacityC.tovisitafactory D.tovisitafarm8．Theoldfarmer____.A.cametothecityforthefirsttimeB.hadtraveledtothecityseveraltimesC.foundnothingnewandstrangeinthecityD.onlyvisitedthelargetallbuilding9．Whentheoldfarmerwasinalargetallbuilding,hesaw____getintothelift.A.ayounggirl B.anoldman C.hiswife D.anoldwoman10．Fromthepassage,wecanguesstheoldfarmer____.A.knewtheliftwell B.didn’tknowanythingabouttheliftC.wantedtobuyaliftD.didn’tliketheliftRaisingpetsisapopularonlinegameamongteenagers."Morethan20ofmyclassmateshaveadopted(領(lǐng)養(yǎng)）petsonline,whilelastyearthenumberwasjust10,”saidWangHui,amiddleschoolstudentfromBeijing,whoalsoraisespetsonline.Ifyougotosomewebsites,youcanadoptvirtual(虛擬的）petslikepenguins,chickens,dogsandelephants.Youcanfeed,wash,talktoandplaywithyourpet.DaiYingshuangofShanghairaisespetsonK.The15-year-oldsaiditisgreatfun.Shethinksthatshehas"alsolearnedhowtotakecareofothers".Ifonedoesn'tfeedandcareforthepet,itbecomesunhappyandunhealthy.Soraisinganonlinepetmeansspendingalotoftimeonline.Thismakesmanyparentsworried.Theyfeartherewillbebadinfluenceinthechildren'sstudies.Daisaidthatsheusuallyasksheruncletotakecareofherpet,whilesheisatschool.WangZhaotong,fromAnhui,hasbeenraisingapenguinonQQ.comsincelastyear.The14-year-oldtakesgoodcareofthepenguin.Shesaidherparentsknewaboutthepenguinandthinkit’sOkay.Ifthestudentscankeepthebalancebetweenstudyingandplaying,it'snotbadforthemto“raise”petsonline.11．Accordingtothepassage,over______ofthestudentsinWangHui’sclasshaveadoptedpetsonlinethisyear.A.10 B.20 C.half12．WhatdoesDaiYingshuangthinkofraisingpetsonline?A.It'snotinterestingatall. B.Itwastestime. C.Itisgreatfun.13．WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Raisinganonlinepetdoesn'tmeanspendingalotoftimeonline.B.Ifonedoesn'tfeedthepet,itbecomesunhappyandunhealthy.C.Raisingpetsonlinemakesmanyparentsworried.14．Howmanyexamplesarementionedinthepassage?A.Two. B.Four. C.Three.15．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Raisingpetsonlineispopularamongteenagers.B.It'sbadtoraisepetsonline.C.Howtoraisepetsonline.Doyouenjoyreading?HerereadersofyouragefromallovertheUnitedStatesrecommendgreatbooksforyoutoread:MyfavoritebookisDon’tDie,MyLovebyLurleneMcDaniel.Iloveallherbooks,butthiswasthefirstoneIreadandIhavetosay,itisbyfarmyfavorite.Itdoesn’tendlikeotherbooks,andIcriedwhilereading.IthinkNancyDrewisgreat!Nancyisadetectivewhohasmanyfantasticideas!Iloveitbecauseit’sabookfromwhenmygrandmawasmyage,andIcansharethefunwithher!IhighlyrecommendSkinnyBonesbyBarbaraPark.Itisfunny,sopleaseadditonyourbooklist.Youdon’twanttomissoutfunnystories!IwouldsuggestbyJudyBlume.Itisbasedon(基于)realthingsthathappenedtoJudyBlume.Itisaboutagirl,Alice,whomeetssomegirlsatanewstate.Theybecomefriends,makeaclubandmeetonceaweek.Theystopaftertwoweeksbecausetheyalllikeaboyintheirclassandputhimasnumberone.Ithinkeverygirlshouldreadthisbecauseitisaboutourgrowingup.IreadabookcalledNeela:VictorySonganditwassogoodIreadittwice!IttakesplaceinIndia(印度)in1936andthis12-year-oldgirlnamedNeelatriestosaveherfather!Ithaslotsofhistoryinit!Ialsolearnedalotaboutdifferentcultures(文化)!Theauthor(作者)’snameisChitraBanerjeeDivakaruni.16．Accordingtothereader,SkinnyBonescanbedescribedasastory.A.sad B.history C.funny D.detective17．Wecanlearndifferentculturesfromthebook.A.SkinnyBones B.NancyDrew C.Don’tDie,MyLove D.Neela:VictorySong18．InthebookNancyDrew,Nancyis.A.awriter B.adoctorC.adetective D.astudent19．Inthepassage,readersfromallovertheUnitedStatesrecommendbookstoread.A.3B.4C.5D.220．Thebestnameofthe4thbookis.A.MySecret` B.GrowingTrouble C.ThreeFriends D.AliceLearnsaLessonDidyouhearofthesupercomputer?Recently,China’sTianhe-1(天河一號(hào))wasrankedastheworld’sfastestsupercomputer,accordingtoanewlistofworld’sTOP500supercomputers.Ittook200Chinesescientiststwoyearstobuildthefastestsupercomputer.Itcando2,507trillion(萬億次)calculationsinasecond!Thatmeansitwilltakeapersonalcomputer600yearstofinishtheworkthatasupercomputerdoesinaday!TheUSnowleadstheworldintheareaofsupercomputers.Itishometomorethanhalfoftheworld’stop500supercomputers.Japanalsohasadvancedtechnology.Chinaisdevelopingitssupercomputertechnologyquickly.ButexpertssayitwilltakeyearsbeforeChina’stotalcomputingpowercancatchupwiththatoftheUS.Supercomputerscanworkonmanydifferentthings.Theycansolveproblemsinareaslikenationaldefense(國防),energyandscience.Inbusiness,youcanalsousesupercomputers.Oilcompaniesusethemtofindoilandgas.Banksusethemforquicktrades.Foodcompaniesevenusesupercomputerstomakesurethattheyputpotatochipsintocanswithoutbreakingthem.Tomakeasupercomputer,scientistsfirstneedtolink(連接)thousandsofsmallcomputerstogether.Thentheyusesoftwaretoturnthemintoonesupercomputer.Infact,anypersonwithenoughknowledgeaboutcomputerscanmakeasupercomputer.Butyouneedthetoptechnologytomakeasupercomputerrunfast.21．Theworld’sfastestsupercomputer________.A.wasmadeinAmericaB.wasmadewithintwomonthsC.cando2,507trillioncalculationsinaminuteD.wasmadeby200Chinesescientists22．Amongtheworld’stop500supercomputers,________ofthemaremadeintheUS.A.lessthan20%B.morethan50%C.lessthan50%D.morethan20%23．Themainideaofthefourthparagraphis________.A.supercomputerscanbeusedindifferentkindsofareasB.supercomputerscanworkfastC.supercomputerscanonlybeusedtofindoilandgasD.supercomputerscanbeusedtomakemoney24．Accordingtothepassage,tomakeasupercomputer,________.A.youneedn’tknowenoughknowledgeaboutcomputersB.youneedtoknowhowtoplaycomputergamesC.scientistsfirstneedtolinkthousandsofsmallcomputerstogetherD.scientistsfirstneedtomakesomesoftware25．Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Apersonalcomputerneeds300yearstofinishtheworkthatasupercomputerdoesinaday.B.Japannowleadstheworldintheareaofsupercomputers.C.Supercomputercanbeusedbyfoodcompanies.D.Scientistsneedn’tusesoftwaretoturnsmallcompaniesintoonesupercomputer.第8頁共8頁參考答案1．D2．A3．C4．D5．C【解析】試題分析：地球不僅是饑餓的還是干渴的，因?yàn)槲覀冎荒苁褂萌蛩值?%。為了避免缺水，我們首先要節(jié)約用水，其次是要找到再利用水的方法。最好的答案是從海水中分離出鹽，但是這個(gè)方法成本很高。科學(xué)家們還在不斷努力以找到經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的辦法。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。短文第一段提出了問題，也給出了答案Becauseabout97%ofwaterontheearthisseawaterwhichwecan'tdrinkoruseforwateringplantsdirectly.“因?yàn)榈厍蛏?7%的水是海水，我們不能直接飲用或用它們來澆灌植物。”所以答案是D。2．推理判斷題。短文說到：Mancanonlydrinkandusethe3%-thewaterthatcomesfromriversandlakes“人們只能飲用和利用其中的3%，這3%的水來自河流和湖泊”。因此河流和湖泊的水只占全球水的3%，故選A。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Today,inmostlargecitieswaterisusedonlyonceandthenrunstotheseaorrivers.“今天，在大多數(shù)大城市水只是利用過一次就流入大海和河流”。由此可知，答案是C。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。短文最后一段說最好的答案就是海洋，就是從海水中提出鹽，但是很貴，科學(xué)家們在尋找廉價(jià)的辦法從海水中提出鹽。所以，找到便宜的辦法才是最重要的。故選D。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。短文先介紹了地球的水資源很有限，接著講了避免水缺乏的方法。所以文章的主題中心詞就是thirsty，故選C?？键c(diǎn)：科普環(huán)保類短文閱讀。6．C7．B8．A9．D10．B【解析】試題分析：本文講述一位生活在農(nóng)村從來沒有進(jìn)過城的老農(nóng)民第一次進(jìn)城發(fā)生的故事。他看見一位老太太進(jìn)入電梯，當(dāng)電梯門再次打開后，走出來一位年輕漂亮的女孩兒，他認(rèn)為電梯太神奇了，決定下次把他妻子帶來試一下。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文AnoldfarmerspentallhislifeonhisfarminthecountryinthesoutheastofEngland.可知這位老農(nóng)民居住在英國的東南部，故選C。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文Onedayhedecidedtovisitthebigcity.一天他決定去大城市看看，故選B。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文hehadnevertraveledtothecitybefore.他以前從來沒有去過城市。故選A。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文Whenhewaswatching,anoldwomangotintotheliftandclosedthedoor.可知是意為老太太走進(jìn)了電梯，故選D。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。他看見一位老太太進(jìn)入電梯，當(dāng)電梯門再次打開后，走出來一位年輕漂亮的女孩兒，他認(rèn)為電梯太神奇了，決定下次把他妻子帶來試一下?？芍@位農(nóng)民對(duì)電梯一無所知，故選B?？键c(diǎn)：故事類短文閱讀。11．B12．C13．A14．C15．A【解析】試題分析：短文大意：在線飼養(yǎng)寵物是青少年流行的一個(gè)游戲。北京的中學(xué)生王慧在網(wǎng)上飼養(yǎng)寵物，上海的戴迎霜在開心網(wǎng)養(yǎng)寵物。而來自安徽的王昭通一直在騰訊網(wǎng)飼養(yǎng)一個(gè)QQ企鵝。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Morethan20ofmyclassmateshaveadopted(領(lǐng)養(yǎng)）petsonline,whilelastyearthenumberwasjust10,可知該選B。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段開頭DaiYingshuangofShanghairaisespetsonK.The15-year-oldsaiditisgreatfun.可知該選C。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Ifonedoesn'tfeedandcareforthepet,itbecomesunhappyandunhealthy.Soraisinganonlinepetmeansspendingalotoftimeonline.可知該選A。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本文中提及的例子有WangHui,amiddleschoolstudentfromBeijing,whoalsoraisespetsonline.DaiYingshuangofShanghairaisespetsonK.WangZhaotong,fromAnhui,hasbeenraisingapenguinonQQ.comsincelastyear.可