中考英語完形填空解題技巧與專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練18篇復(fù)習(xí)資料

中考英完形填空解技巧與項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練18篇“完形填空（CLOZETEST”是初中英語試題中固定而重要的題型。它是一種障礙性的測試題在一定程度上考查考生的閱讀能力邏輯推理及分析歸納綜合判斷能力。這種題型歸納起來有如下特點(diǎn)：1．在整份卷中所占的分值較重，占1015％，長度一般在130200單詞左右。2．降低了單詞本身的考查要求，重點(diǎn)考查考生對短文的整體理解，上下文的段落銜接，情理分析及推理判斷能力。3．針對初學(xué)生的實(shí)際水平，一般采用故事體，盡量避免專業(yè)性太強(qiáng)的文章或論文體。近年來出現(xiàn)了以意義選擇為主、語法選擇逐漸減少的趨勢。“完形填空”有多種形式但它在基本設(shè)計原則上都是一致的形式都是從短文中抽去若干詞讓考生根據(jù)上下文填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~為了有助于考生填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，可以提供四個答案（其中包括一個正確答案讓考生選出正確的答案；也可以給出單詞首字母完形填空，或者給出字母及單詞長度（由幾個字母組成也可以不給考生提供任何線索全憑借考生對文章的理解和現(xiàn)有的語言能力完成。最常見的還是選擇型的“完形填空?！俺樵~法可以是有針對性地抽也可以是隨機(jī)地抽但目前比較流行的是對文章理解能力的考查，而不是單純對語法結(jié)構(gòu)的考查?！靶翁睢鼻罂忌粌H要會運(yùn)用自己學(xué)過的詞匯和語法知識妥善地處理好每個單句，理解語義，還要處理好單句之間以及單句與全文之間的內(nèi)在關(guān)系，選出適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填上，使文章完整與通順。

完形填空題要求填入的詞主要有：構(gòu)成各種時態(tài)和用法區(qū)別的動詞及短語動詞；名詞和介詞；根據(jù)上下文意思及結(jié)構(gòu)必須填入的形容詞、副詞、代詞和連詞；同義詞、近義詞等易混詞?？疾橐詫?shí)詞為主，兼顧虛詞和語法結(jié)構(gòu)。難點(diǎn)主要集中在根據(jù)上下文作正確判斷的詞的用法上?！巴晷翁羁铡敝荚跍y試考生的綜合應(yīng)用語言能力。因此，要做好“完填空”，不僅要具備一定的詞法法和慣用法等語法知識還要具備閱讀理解能力、綜合分析能力和運(yùn)用語言知識的實(shí)踐能力。傳統(tǒng)的完形填空(cloze通常是將一篇邏輯性較強(qiáng)的短文，留出若干個空，然后采用"四選一"的方法，將短文補(bǔ)充完整。它屬于客觀題型。如今的完形填空題除保留傳統(tǒng)題型的優(yōu)點(diǎn)外，還采用了選詞填(有多余項(xiàng))或根據(jù)上下文補(bǔ)全對話(或短文)等主觀型。但事實(shí)證明，完形填空通常是同學(xué)們較難把握的題型之一，且失分率較高。限于篇幅，本文著重談?wù)効陀^題型的解法。請看--一、目標(biāo)要求完形填空主要測試學(xué)生在具體語言環(huán)境中對文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)中心思想推理判斷、詞語辨析、習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配等方面的能力要求，及對所學(xué)英語的綜合運(yùn)用能力、快速閱讀理解能力及邏輯推理判斷能力等。二、解題步驟在做完形填空題時通常先弄清語境依據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行合理的分析斷，才能作出恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇。具體可分為以下三步：1.通覽全文，了解大意答題時，應(yīng)先越過空檔，通讀全文，理順題意，找出信息詞。這是做好完形填空題的關(guān)鍵因?yàn)橥晷翁羁盏奶攸c(diǎn)是著眼于整體理解我們?nèi)绻讯涛谋茸鳝h(huán)環(huán)相扣的鏈條，那么由于空格的設(shè)置"鏈條"第二句起有些地方就脫節(jié)了。有些同學(xué)習(xí)慣于提筆就填或邊讀邊填，急于求成，然而，欲速則不達(dá)，結(jié)果往往由于"只見樹木不見森林"而事倍功半。因此我們應(yīng)該依據(jù)首句給的啟示，通過邏輯思維，借助短文中關(guān)鍵詞所提供的信息，越過空檔，盡快把全文讀完，建立語言的整體感，幫助我們了解短文大意。

2.綜合考慮，先易后難通覽全文后，認(rèn)真觀察選項(xiàng)，瞻前顧后，仔細(xì)推敲，逐項(xiàng)選定。經(jīng)過通讀全文，對短文有了整體印象。在此基礎(chǔ)上，可以根據(jù)全文大意，展開邏輯思維，分析這一空格處在句中的地位前后的關(guān)系和它所起的作用確定最佳答案遇到困難，暫放一邊，先易后難，這是解題之道。當(dāng)遇到難以判斷的空檔時，不妨先放一邊，繼續(xù)往下做。因?yàn)橛行┐鸢甘潜仨毻ㄟ^下文的理解后才能作出斷定的。有時，前后信息之間還有相互提示作用。因此，當(dāng)我們遇到難題時，不能久久停留于此，這樣會浪費(fèi)不必要的時間。3.復(fù)讀檢驗(yàn)，消除疏漏完成所有空檔后還要再次通讀全文看看這時的短文行文是否流暢意義是否連貫，邏輯關(guān)系是否合理。復(fù)查時，可從語法入手，檢查一下句子的時態(tài)、主謂一致、代詞的性、數(shù)、格以及詞語的搭配等是否正確。凡遇疑點(diǎn)，必須根據(jù)文章的中心思想，從意義、語法的角度來仔細(xì)權(quán)衡，加以改正，彌補(bǔ)疏漏。三、實(shí)例點(diǎn)撥請根據(jù)下面短文內(nèi)容短文后面的四個選項(xiàng)中選擇一個能填入空白處的最佳答案。EverystudentsmanycountriesEnglish.Somestudents__1__studentsareWhydoallthesewanttoItisthisgirlsatschool.Itisof__4__.ManylearnEnglishitis__5__intheirlearnEnglish__6__theirstudiesbecauseoftheirbooksEnglishtheywant__8__newspapersinSomepeoplebecausetheywanttointheUSA,Australia.isvery__10__inlife生活).1.A.alltheC.bothD.2.A.B.ChineseC.D.Japanese3.A.hardB.C.D.nice4.A.booksB.C.schoolssubjects目)5.A.B.useful(有用的)C.finepleased6.A.forB.ofC.toD.from

7.A.B.withC.atD.of8.A.lookB.seeC.lookatD.read9.A.goB.workC.D.10.A.B.helpingC.D.答題分三步：第一步：通覽全文通過通覽全文便知本文講述許多人學(xué)習(xí)英語學(xué)習(xí)英語的人年齡不同目的各異。第二步：逐項(xiàng)填空本著先易后難的原則先根據(jù)上下文和自己的語感推測部分空格的可能答案。然后，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)逐一敲定。1.選some...other(s)...意思是"一些…另一些(泛指；意思是"一些…另一些(特"。由語境可知，在學(xué)英語的學(xué)生中，除一部分是孩子外，剩余的是青年人(特指)。2.選A。根據(jù)上下文可知是English。3.選B由文章內(nèi)容來看，人們學(xué)習(xí)英語的原因多種多樣，因此回答為什么那么多人學(xué)習(xí)英語這個問題并不容易。4.選D。由常識可知，English是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的科目(之一。5.選B。根據(jù)前后文意可知多人學(xué)習(xí)英語，那是因English在他們的工作中很有用(useful)。6.選A。本題屬于介詞用法辨析。介詞for在此可表示目的、原因。7.選A。English是習(xí)慣搭配。8.選D。"報"英語習(xí)慣說readnewspapers。9.選B。根據(jù)語境及句子結(jié)，有些人學(xué)習(xí)英語或想出國(tocountry)或想在這些國家工作(inacountry)。10.選。末句點(diǎn)題，"英語在我們生活中是很有幫助的(helpful)"。第三步：復(fù)讀檢驗(yàn)將所有答案代入空格后，重新將短文復(fù)讀一遍，如果語句通順，語意清楚，便結(jié)束本題，轉(zhuǎn)做其它試題。

最后須提醒大家一點(diǎn)做好完形填空題并非一日之功我們應(yīng)從平日學(xué)習(xí)中做起，多積累，勤學(xué)苦練，方可成功！asuccessinfuture?。?）根據(jù)文意，補(bǔ)全所缺單詞，詞首字母已給出。Overheadbridgescanseeninpartsof，inthewheretrafficisveryhcrossingnot．Thesecans_____．Overheadusedinmuchsamewayaszebra（斑馬線Theyaremore（效率高的（方便的becausehavetoclimbuplotofThisisinconvenienttoold_____anbridgetheydo（阻擋）trafficButwhenaroadacrossingtrafficisheldisw_____the政府）hasbuiltmanytok_____trafficmovingatsametime．Theofhass_____lotofmoneythesetheirpeoplebeadvisedtotheminsteadofroad．Oldfinditalittledclimbingupanddownsteps，butitstillthanwalkingacrossroadwalltraffic．Overheadbridgesarevery，botholdshouldalwaysusewillstopaccidentsfrom_____．Key:1．2．safely（作狀語應(yīng)用副詞形式）3．though（此處表讓步關(guān)系，意為雖然”）4．use5．why（此處表達(dá)這就是…的原因）6．keep7．（spend／in／onsth．意為花時間／金錢做某

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9

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10

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