2022-2023學(xué)年山西省太原市高三上學(xué)期期中質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語試題聽力

2022-2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三年級(jí)期中質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語試卷說明：本試卷為閉卷筆答，答題時(shí)間120分鐘，滿分150分(不含聽力)。請(qǐng)將第一卷試題答案填在第二卷卷首的相應(yīng)位置。第I卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)寫到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。答案寫在答題卡上。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?B.AMary’sfamily.B.Aholidayplan.C.Awritingassignment.2.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Attheschoolgate.B.Atthebusstop.C.Outsidethebookstore.3.Whatdothespeakersintendtodo?A.Decoratetheroom.B.Fitasofaintotheroom.C.Dealwiththeoldfurniture.4.Howdidtheboygethome?A.Bybike.B.Bycar.C.Bybus.5.Whatarethetwospeakersprobably?B.LibrariansC.Lecturers.B.LibrariansC.Lecturers.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。答案寫在答題卡上。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatinfluencesthecouple’splantoEuropeprobably?A.Alimitedbudget.B.AlongjourneyC.Atightschedule.7.Whydoesthemanlongforatrip?A.Heprefersthecountrylife.B.Heneedsagetawayfromwork.C.Hewantstoexploreothercultures.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatmaycausethewoman’sproblem?A.ImproperswimmingB.Overusingthecomputer.C.Toomuchbadmintonpractice.9.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Stopmedication.B.Takeanhour’sbreak.C.Doanalternativesport.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.whatmightbeachallengeforthewoman?A.Changingheraccent.B.Gettingonwithothermembers.C.Understandingthelocallanguage11.Howoftendotheclubmembershaveameeting?A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Twiceamonth.12.Whatdoestheclubaimtodoforthemembers?A.Tohelppeopleofallages.B.ToenhancetheirlanguagefluencyC.Toletthemexperiencedifferentcultures.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.HowoldwasEllawhenshewonYoungMusicianoftheYear?A.5.B.9.C.16.14.WhopushedEllatokeeppracticing?A.Herteacher.B.Herparents.C.Herfriends.15.WhatdoesEllathinkisthekeytoimprovingherperformance?A.Relievingstress.B.Gettingenoughexercise.C.Eatinghealthyfood.16.WhatdoesEllaadviseteenagerstodo?A.Learntoplayclassicalmusic.B.BuymoreclassicalmusicCDs.CChangetheirviewsonclassicalmusic.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whenisthelibraryclosed?A.OnMondaymorningB.OnSaturdayafternoon.C.OnSundaymorning18.Whatcanpeopledoonthesecondfloor?A.Havesomecoffee.B.Visitanexhibition.C.Usecomputers.19.HowmuchdoesitcosttokeepaDVDforaweeknow?A.S2.B.$4.C.$620.Whatisamustforteenagersunder15togetalibrarycard?A.Aparent’sguarantee.B.Ane-mailaddress.C.AcurrentphotoID.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分60分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題3分，滿分45分)，閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。答案寫在答題卡上。ADiamondAcademicYearTheacademicyearbeginsonAugust11,2022andendsonMay27,2023-twosemestersSemesterexaminationsareadministeredbyspecificexaminers.Studentswhoareabsentfromexamsarenotallowedtotakeamake-upexamandwillhaveGradeFontheirreportcard.AdvancedPlacement(AP)CoursesAPcoursesgivestudentsthechancetodocollege-levelwork.SuccessfulscoresinAPexamsearnstudentscollegecreditsinhighschool.There’snoneedtopayextratuition.Weparticipateinthisnation-wideprogramofcollegeinstructionconductedbytheCollegeEntranceExaminationsBoard.ButbecauseofthestrictanddemandingnatureofAPcoursesstudentsmustmeetentrancecriteriafortheseclasses.SaturdaySchoolSaturdaySchoolissponsored.Jtisneitherapunishmentnoradisciplinaryconsequence.ItisaprogramthatallowsstudentstoparticipateinenrichmentactivitiesortoreceivetutoringonselectedSaturdaysthroughouttheschoolyearSessionsbeginat8:00AMandendatnoon.PeerConsultationInadditiontotheschoolconsultantsandpsychologist,wehaveaPeerConsultationprogram.Peerconsultantsarestudentswhoaretrainedasfacilitatorstosolvestudents’conflicts.StudentswishingtheservicesofPeerConsultantsshouldcontactMr.LorenGrover,completetheonlineformorcontacttheirconsultant.TheCareerCenterItiscommittedtohelpingstudentsexplorevariouscareersandcollegeprogramsthatfittheirinterests.Collegerepresentativesvisitourcampusyearly,providinginformationandassistingintheadmissionsprocess.Thecareercenterprovides●CollegeInformation●JobPostingsandListings●FinancialAidInformation●ScholarshipInformation●WorkExperienceandWorkPermits1.Whatconsequencewillstudentsfaceiftheymissthesemesterexam?A.Failingtheexam. B.Cancelingscholarship.C.Takingamake-upexam D.Havingacollege-levelexam2.WhatisthefeatureoftheAPcoursesaccordingtothetext?A.Freecollegecredits. B.FormalcollegediplomaC.Strictinstructors. D.Unconditionalentrance.3.Whocanstudentsturntowhentheyhaveissueswithclassmates?A.SaturdaySchooltutors. B.Collegerepresentatives.C.Schoolpeerconsultants. D.CareerCenterassistants.【答案】1.A2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了DiamondRanch高中的學(xué)生家長手冊(cè)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AcademicYear下的描述“Studentswhoareabsentfromexamsarenotallowedtotakeamake-upexamandwillhaveGradeFontheirreportcard.(缺席考試的學(xué)生不允許補(bǔ)考，成績單成績?yōu)镕)”可知，如果學(xué)生錯(cuò)過了學(xué)期考試，他們就會(huì)不及格。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AdvancedPlacement(AP)Courses下的描述“SuccessfulscoresinAPexamsearnstudentscollegecreditsinhighschool.There’snoneedtopayextratuition.(在AP考試中取得好成績的學(xué)生可以在高中獲得大學(xué)學(xué)分。沒有必要交額外的學(xué)費(fèi))”可知，大學(xué)免費(fèi)學(xué)分是AP課程的特色。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PeerConsultation下的描述“Inadditiontotheschoolconsultantsandpsychologist,wehaveaPeerConsultationprogram.Peerconsultantsarestudentswhoaretrainedasfacilitatorstosolvestudents’conflicts.(除了學(xué)校咨詢師和心理學(xué)家，我們還有同伴咨詢項(xiàng)目。同伴咨詢師是被訓(xùn)練成解決學(xué)生沖突的學(xué)生)”可知，當(dāng)學(xué)生和同學(xué)有問題時(shí)，可以向?qū)W校的同伴顧問求助。故選C。BOpeningagoodbookcantakeyouonanadventurebutsometimes,it’snotwhat’sonthepages,butwhat’sbeenleftinthemisthemostexcitingpartforSharonMcKellar,alibrarianattheOaklandPublicLibrary.Shehasbeencollectingmementosleftinthelibraryforyears.Now.she’sfinallyfoundauseforallthoseoldfamilyphotos,notes,couponsrecipesandconcertticketsshe’scollectedinbooksovertheyears.McKellarstartedthe“FoundinaLibraryBook”project—anonlinedatabaseofallthethingsfoundinbooksatthelibrary.“Itstartedoutasmypersonalcollection,butIputoutacalltootherlibrarystaff,justtoseeifanybodyhadanythingthey’dbewillingtoshare,andwasjusttotallyinundatedwithotherpeople’slittlecollectionsofallsortsofthingstheyhadfound,”McKellartoldCBSNews.McKellarhasadded370mementostothelibrary’sonlinecollection-butshesaidshehadacouplehundredmoretoupload.Manyofthemementosarenotesandsomearebookreviewsleftbehindforthenextreader:“Ilovedthisbook.Itstolemyheartandmademecry.Whenyoufindtearstains,youwillknowtheyaremine.”McKellarsaidthatwhiletheoriginsoftheforgottenmementosremainamystery,somepeoplehaverecognizeditemsontheonlinedatabase,“OnepersonnamedSusanreachedoutbecauseoneofthelovenoteslookedlikeherparents’handwritingandthekindofnotestheyusedtoleaveeachother,”shesaid.Theprojectisfairlynew,butMcKellarhopesitinspirespeopletodiveintobooksattheirlocallibrary,“Youneverknowwhatyou’llfind.Youjusthaveasenseofsharedspaceincommunity.”McKellarsaid.“Ithinkpartofwhypeopleareespeciallyexcitedaboutthatrightnowiswehaveobviouslybeeninafast-pacedsociety.So,itisawaytosortoffeelaconnectionwithpeoplewhoyoudon’tevenknowthroughtheseforgottenobjects.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mementos”refertoinparagraph1?A.Theadventurestories. B.Theforgottenmemories.C.Theitemsfoundinbooks. D.Thewell-designedpages.5.WhydidMcKellarcontactotherlibrarians?A.Toraisemoneyforherproject. B.Toinvestigatetheircommitment.C.Tolaunchalost-and-foundproject. D.Toenrichthedatabaseofhercollection.6.WhatisimpliedfromSusan’scaseinparagraph4?A.Theprojectaimstofindlostrelatives.B.Inspiringlovestoriesimpresspeoplealot.C.Theoriginsofthemementosremainmysterious.D.Theexperienceaddstotheemotionalappealoftheproject.7.WhatisthepossiblereasonforthepopularityofMcKellar’sproject?AIthelpspeoplefindlostobjects. B.Itinspirespeopletoreadwidely.C.Itoffersacommunity-basedlink. D.Itbringslocallibrariesbacktolife.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了奧克蘭公共圖書館的圖書管理員McKellar創(chuàng)辦的在線數(shù)據(jù)庫，幫助大家找到遺失的物件，并發(fā)掘項(xiàng)目背后的情感價(jià)值。【4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Shehasbeencollectingmementosleftinthelibraryforyears.(她多年來一直在收集留在圖書館的mementos)”可知，mementos是被人留在圖書館里的東西，并根據(jù)后文“Now.she’sfinallyfoundauseforallthoseoldfamilyphotos,notes,couponsrecipesandconcertticketsshe’scollectedinbooksovertheyears.(多年來，她在書中收集了很多家庭老照片、筆記、優(yōu)惠券、食譜和音樂會(huì)門票，她終于找到了這些東西的用處)”可知，mementos包括了老照片、筆記、優(yōu)惠券等小物品。由此推知，劃線詞mementos指的是在書中找到的小物件。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Itstartedoutasmypersonalcollection,butIputoutacalltootherlibrarystaff,justtoseeifanybodyhadanythingthey’dbewillingtoshare(一開始這只是我的個(gè)人收藏，但我給其他圖書館的工作人員打了個(gè)電話，想看看是否有人有什么東西愿意分享)”可知，McKellar打電話給其他圖書管理員打電話是為了希望其他人能給她分享一些小物件，來豐富她的收藏。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“OnepersonnamedSusanreachedoutbecauseoneofthelovenoteslookedlikeherparents’handwritingandthekindofnotestheyusedtoleaveeachother.(一個(gè)名叫蘇珊的人找到了這些東西，因?yàn)槠渲幸粡垚鄣淖謼l看起來像她父母的筆跡，是他們過去常留給彼此的那種字條)”可知，McKellar的在線數(shù)據(jù)庫幫助蘇珊找到了能夠讓她想起父母的一個(gè)字條，這是一個(gè)非常有愛的故事，讓大家感受到了在線數(shù)據(jù)庫這個(gè)項(xiàng)目背后的情感價(jià)值。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Youneverknowwhatyou’llfind.Youjusthaveasenseofsharedspaceincommunity.(你永遠(yuǎn)不知道你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)什么。你會(huì)在社區(qū)中有一種共享空間的感覺)”可知，McKellar的項(xiàng)目受歡迎可能是因?yàn)樗軌虬巡煌ψ拥娜寺?lián)系起來，構(gòu)成一種基于社區(qū)的聯(lián)系。故選C項(xiàng)。CIt’snosurprisethatwastingthingsisanightmarefortheenvironment—everythingthatweeat,wear,andconsumetakesupnaturalresources.Whenitcomestofoodwaste,theenvironmenthasadoublewhammy—water,packaging,transportation,andagriculturalresourcesgetusedup,andleftoversandwichorexpired(過期的)broccoliyouboughtinhopesofhealthyeatingreleasesgreenhousegasesasitdecomposesinalandfill.AnewstudyfromtheUNEnvironmentProgramhasfoundthatafairamountoffoodmayneverreachourmouth.Somegetlostinproductionprocess,butitismostlyhouseholdsthataretoblame:themajorwasteresultsfromourkitchen.11percentofthefoodinourfridgesendsupinthetrash,comparedtoamere2and5percentrespectively,fromgrocerystoresandfast-foodrestaurants.Thesedatamaddenalmosthalfoftheworld’spopulationwhoarestillstrugglingforhealthyfood.Butsurprisingly,thenewstudyfoundthatevenless-developedcountriesareguiltyofastonishingfoodwaste,whichispreviouslybeingthoughtofonlyasarich-nationissue.Sowhatcanwedo?Somethingcrucialisbeingmoreconsideredandpreparedwhengoingtothegrocerystore.Makealistofmealsyouwanttocook,andthenonlybuyfreshproducethatyouwill100percentbeeatinginthenextfewdays.Societally,enhancingeducationonfoodpreservation,foodrecyclingandcomposting(堆肥),andpushingcompaniestosellsmallerquantitiesfoodforoneortwopersonscouldallplayahelpfulroleinbringingdownthemassivepileoffoodwaste,saysEdwardJaenicke,aprofessorofagriculturaleconomics.Whilesomeclimatechangerelatedissuesseemaboveourindividualchoicestosolve,likethesealevelrise,foodwasteissomethingwecanactuallymakeanimpacton,byshoppingsmart,learninghowtocompost,andevengettingcreativewithingredientsinthekitchen.Wecanactuallymakeadifferencebymakingsomeeffortsorgoodchoicesorevenchangesinlife.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“whammy”inparagraph1mean?A.Solution. B.Responsibility. C.Trouble. D.Advantage.9.Whichofthefollowingseesthemostseriousfoodwaste?A.Grocerystores. B.Homekitchens.C.Fast-foodrestaurants. D.Productionworkshops10.Whatunexpectedresultdoesthenewstudyfind?A.Poorcountriesarealsowastinglotsoffood.B.Foodwasteindevelopedcountriesisserious.C.Theeconomydeterminesthedegreeofwaste.D.Sufficientfoodsupplyremainsabigchallenge.11.Whichsuggestionmaybeasolutiontofoodwasteaccordingtothetext?A.Improvefoodsalestrategies.B.Educatestudentstoavoidjunkfood.C.Buywhatyoueatandeatwhatyoubuy.D.Handoutstrictpunishmentforfoodwaste.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了浪費(fèi)東西對(duì)環(huán)境來說是一場(chǎng)噩夢(mèng)，主要的浪費(fèi)來源是我們的廚房；我們可以通過明智的購物、學(xué)習(xí)如何堆肥，甚至在廚房里創(chuàng)造性地使用食材，對(duì)食物浪費(fèi)產(chǎn)生影響。【8題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“water,packaging,transportation,andagriculturalresourcesgetusedup(水、包裝、運(yùn)輸和農(nóng)業(yè)資源都被消耗殆盡)”可知，這里具體說明環(huán)境遭受的破壞。由此推知，劃線詞whammy和trouble(困難，難題)含義相近。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Somegetlostinproductionprocess,butitismostlyhouseholdsthataretoblame:themajorwasteresultsfromourkitchen.(有些在生產(chǎn)過程中丟失了，但這主要是家庭的責(zé)任：主要的浪費(fèi)來自我們的廚房)”可知，我們的廚房是主要的浪費(fèi)來源。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Butsurprisingly,thenewstudyfoundthatevenless-developedcountriesareguiltyofastonishingfoodwaste,whichispreviouslybeingthoughtofonlyasarich-nationissue.(但令人驚訝的是，這項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使是欠發(fā)達(dá)國家也存在令人震驚的食物浪費(fèi)問題，而以前人們只認(rèn)為這是富裕國家的問題)”可知，欠發(fā)達(dá)國家也浪費(fèi)了大量的食物。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“foodwasteissomethingwecanactuallymakeanimpacton,byshoppingsmart,learninghowtocompost,andevengettingcreativewithingredientsinthekitchen.Wecanactuallymakeadifferencebymakingsomeeffortsorgoodchoicesorevenchangesinlife.(事實(shí)上，我們可以通過明智的購物、學(xué)習(xí)如何堆肥，甚至在廚房里創(chuàng)造性地使用食材，對(duì)食物浪費(fèi)產(chǎn)生影響。實(shí)際上，我們可以通過做出一些努力或好的選擇，甚至改變生活)”可知，吃什么就買什么，買什么就吃什么也許是解決食物浪費(fèi)的方法。故選C。DChinahasreleasedthefirstnationaldraftguidelineontheuseofself-drivingvehiclesforpublictransport,akeymoveinspeedingupthelarge-scalecommercializationofautonomousdrivingtechnologyandencouraginglocalauthoritiestocreatetherelevantmanagementpolicies,industryexpertssaid.Thecountrywillencouragetheuseofself-drivingvehiclessuchasbusesinanenclosedBusRapidTransitorBRTsystem,andallowautonomousvehiclestooffertaxiservicesundersimpleandrelativelycontrollablescenarios(方案)Thenationaldraftrulesonself-drivingvehiclesareexpectedtobetterregulatethewholeindustry,providingareferenceandguidanceforlocalauthoritiesthathaveyettoissuesimilarguidelines.Thedraftregulationclassifiedautonomousvehiclesintothreetypes:conditionally,highlyandfullyautonomousvehicles,dependingonthedegreeoftheirautonomouscapacity.Theguidelinesaidthefirsttwotypesshouldhavehumandrivers.Remotedriversorsafetysupervisorsareessentialforfullyautonomousvehicles.Inaddition,safetyshouldbethetoppriorityinthemanagementofself-drivingvehicles.Theguidelinealsorequiresthattheroutesofautonomousvehiclesshouldbefarawayfromheavilypopulatedareassuchasschoolshospitalsandlargeshoppingmalls.SinceChinahastakentheleadintheresearchdevelopmentandapplicationofautonomousdrivingtechnologiesthelatestmovewillencourageself-drivingcompaniestocarryoutroadtestsandcommercialoperationsofrobotaxiservicesinmorecities,promotingthelarge-scalecommercialuseofautonomousvehiclesacrossthenation.Somelocalgovernmentshavealreadyrolledoutaseriesofsupportivepoliciestopromotethecommercializationofautonomousdrivingtechnology.ForinstanceinJuly,BeijinglaunchedChina’sfirstpilotareaforcommercialautonomousdrivingvehicleservices.However,asupervisorwillstillsitinthefrontpassengerseattoensuresafety"Currently,onlyafewcountrieshaverolledoutpoliciesatthenationallevelthatsupportthedevelopmentofautonomousvehicles,”saidLyuJinghonganintelligent-mobilityanalyst,Lyuaddedthatclearregulationsatthenationallevelwillencouragelocalgovernmentsandautonomousdrivingcompaniestospeeduptheapplicationofself-drivingtechnology.12.Whatisthesignificanceofthenationaldraftguidelineofself-drivingvehicles?A.Itsetsagoodexampleformanyothercountries.B.ItservesasagoodreferenceforlocalguidelinesC.Itensuresthesafetyawarenessofremotedrivers.D.Itencouragestheuseofhouseholdself-drivingvehicles.13.Whatistheclassificationofself-drivingvehiclesbasedon?A.Thelimitoftheirspeed. B.Thelevelofautomation.C.Thepresenceofdrivers. D.Therangeoftravelroute14.WhichwordcanbestdescribeLyu’sattitudetowardsthenationalguideline?A.Favourable. B.Pessimistic. C.Critical. D.Conservative15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.Chinalaunchesthefirstpilotareaforself-drivingB.CompaniescarryoutroadtestsofrobotaxiservicesC.China’sfirstself-drivingvehiclesguidelinereleasedD.Abreakthroughincommercializationofnewtechnology【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國發(fā)布的首個(gè)公共交通使用自動(dòng)駕駛汽車國家指導(dǎo)意見，這是加快自動(dòng)駕駛技術(shù)大規(guī)模商業(yè)化并鼓勵(lì)地方政府制定相關(guān)管理政策的關(guān)鍵一步?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thenationaldraftrulesonself-drivingvehiclesareexpectedtobetterregulatethewholeindustry,providingareferenceandguidanceforlocalauthoritiesthathaveyettoissuesimilarguidelines.(預(yù)計(jì)國家自動(dòng)駕駛汽車規(guī)則草案將更好地規(guī)范整個(gè)行業(yè)，為尚未發(fā)布類似指南的地方政府提供參考和指導(dǎo))”可知，《國家自動(dòng)駕駛汽車指導(dǎo)意見(征求意見稿)》可為當(dāng)?shù)刂笇?dǎo)方針的很好的參考。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thedraftregulationclassifiedautonomousvehiclesintothreetypes:conditionally,highlyandfullyautonomousvehicles,dependingonthedegreeoftheirautonomouscapacity.(根據(jù)自動(dòng)駕駛能力的不同，該草案將自動(dòng)駕駛汽車分為三種類型：條件自動(dòng)駕駛汽車、高度自動(dòng)駕駛汽車和完全自動(dòng)駕駛汽車)”可知，根據(jù)自動(dòng)化程度對(duì)自動(dòng)駕駛汽車進(jìn)行分類。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“"Currently,onlyafewcountrieshaverolledoutpoliciesatthenationallevelthatsupportthedevelopmentofautonomousvehicles,”saidLyuJinghonganintelligent-mobilityanalyst,Lyuaddedthatclearregulationsatthenationallevelwillencouragelocalgovernmentsandautonomousdrivingcompaniestospeeduptheapplicationofself-drivingtechnology.(智能移動(dòng)分析師呂景紅表示：目前，只有少數(shù)國家在國家層面推出了支持自動(dòng)駕駛汽車發(fā)展的政策。呂景紅補(bǔ)充說，國家層面的明確規(guī)定將鼓勵(lì)地方政府和自動(dòng)駕駛公司加快自動(dòng)駕駛技術(shù)的應(yīng)用)”可知，呂景紅對(duì)國家指導(dǎo)方針的態(tài)度是支持的。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Chinahasreleasedthefirstnationaldraftguidelineontheuseofself-drivingvehiclesforpublictransport,akeymoveinspeedingupthelarge-scalecommercializationofautonomousdrivingtechnologyandencouraginglocalauthoritiestocreatetherelevantmanagementpolicies,industryexpertssaid.(中國發(fā)布了首個(gè)公共交通使用自動(dòng)駕駛汽車國家指導(dǎo)意見(征求意見稿)，這是加快自動(dòng)駕駛技術(shù)大規(guī)模商業(yè)化并鼓勵(lì)地方政府制定相關(guān)管理政策中國首個(gè)自動(dòng)駕駛汽車指南發(fā)布的關(guān)鍵一步，業(yè)內(nèi)專家說)”后文對(duì)其意義和作用進(jìn)行具體的闡述?？芍?，文章主要講解的是中國首個(gè)自動(dòng)駕駛汽車指南。C項(xiàng)：China’sfirstself-drivingvehiclesguidelinereleased(中國首個(gè)自動(dòng)駕駛汽車指南發(fā)布)合乎題意。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題3分，滿分15分)’根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。答案寫在答題卡上。Askinganyonewhohasworkedintheiryard,youwillalwaysbetoldthatyardworkisquitetheworkout!Whetherspreadingsoil.raking(用耙子攏)leaves,orpullingundergrowth,you’reguaranteedtobreakasweat.____16____.Evensomethingassimpleasplantingflowersinvolvessquatting(蹲),whichengagesyourlegsforsupportyourcoremusclesforbalance,andyourarmsfordigging.____17____.Moreover,heavyyardworkisagreatwaytoaddvariationtoyourregularexerciseprogram.Ifyoudoyardworkasawaytoburncalories,takefulladvantageofwhatthegreatoutdoorshavetooffer.Ifyouarerakingupleaves,changethemovementanddirectiontomakefulluseofyourmuscles.Rakeinfrontofyourbodytotargetyourshoulders.Rakebothrighttoleftandlefttorighttoworkbotharmsevenly.____18____.Ifyou’reusingacarttopullyardwastesoilorfertilizer,takeanextracircleortwoaroundyourgardenbeforeyousetyourgoodsdown.____19____,pulltheheavyrubbertubearoundtheyardwithyou.You’llalsohavetousemusclestoputitawayandwinditupwhenyou’redone.Enjoytheoutdoors!____20____.Freshairisalwaysuplifting,especiallyinthespringtime.Plus,sunshinehelpsboostVitaminDproduction,whichaidsintheabsorptionofcalciumWeed,digandrake.Tryalloftheseactivities,getyourhandsinthedirt,andincludeyardworkasapartofyourhealthylifestyle.A.InsteadofusingasmallwatercontainerB.InadditiontoraisingheartrateandburningcaloriesC.That’sbecausegardeningworksallyourmajormusclegroupsD.TherearewaystopreventachingmusclesafterworkingoutsideE.That’sjustoneexampleofhowyardworkcangiveyouaworkoutF.TheyardcanbenefityouinawaythataregulargymcanneverprovideG.Thisway,you’llhelppreventinjuriesbyavoidingrepetitivemovementstoo【答案】16.C17.E18.G19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。在院子里干活作為燃燒卡路里的一種方式，本文主要講述了院子里干活的好處?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上句“Askinganyonewhohasworkedintheiryard,youwillalwaysbetoldthatyardworkisquitetheworkout!Whetherspreadingsoil,raking(用耙子攏)leaves,orpullingundergrowth,you’reguaranteedtobreakasweat(如果你問任何一個(gè)在院子里工作過的人，你總會(huì)被告知，院子里的工作是一項(xiàng)相當(dāng)辛苦的鍛煉！無論是鋪土，耙樹葉，還是拔灌木叢，你都保證會(huì)流汗)”C項(xiàng)：That’sbecausegardeningworksallyourmajormusclegroups(這是因?yàn)閳@藝會(huì)鍛煉你所有的主要肌肉群)承接上句，說明院子里的工作是一項(xiàng)相當(dāng)辛苦的鍛煉的原因是因?yàn)閳@藝會(huì)鍛煉你所有的主要肌肉群。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上句“Evensomethingassimpleasplantingflowersinvolvessquatting(蹲),whichengagesyourlegsforsupportyourcoremusclesforbalance,andyourarmsfordigging.(即使是像種花這樣簡(jiǎn)單的事情也需要蹲著，這需要你的雙腿來支撐核心肌肉以保持平衡，而你的手臂則用于挖掘)”E項(xiàng)：That’sjustoneexampleofhowyardworkcangiveyouaworkout(這只是一個(gè)例子，說明在院子里干活可以鍛煉身體)承接上句，以種花這樣簡(jiǎn)單的事情為例，來說明在院子里干活可以鍛煉身體。故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上句“Rakeinfrontofyourbodytotargetyourshoulders.Rakebothrighttoleftandlefttorighttoworkbotharmsevenly.(在你的身體前面以你的肩膀?yàn)槟繕?biāo)。從右到左，從左到右耙，使雙臂均勻)”G.Thisway,you’llhelppreventinjuriesbyavoidingrepetitivemovementstoo(這樣，你也可以避免重復(fù)的動(dòng)作來防止受傷)說明從右到左，從左到右耙，使雙臂均勻這樣做的好處是可以避免重復(fù)的動(dòng)作來防止受傷。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后句“pulltheheavyrubbertubearoundtheyardwithyou(拉著沉重的橡膠管繞著院子走)”A項(xiàng)：Insteadofusingasmallwatercontainer(而不是使用一個(gè)小的水容器)與下句所描述的橡膠管形成呼應(yīng)關(guān)系，說明應(yīng)該拉著沉重的橡膠管繞著院子走，不要使用一個(gè)小的水容器。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后句“Freshairisalwaysuplifting,especiallyinthespringtime.Plus,sunshinehelpsboostVitaminDproduction,whichaidsintheabsorptionofcalciumWeed(新鮮的空氣總是令人振奮的，尤其是在春天。另外，陽光有助于促進(jìn)維生素D的產(chǎn)生，這有助于鈣的吸收)”說明院子給你帶來的好處超過了其它健身方式，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)：Theyardcanbenefityouinawaythataregulargymcanneverprovide(院子給你帶來的好處是普通健身房永遠(yuǎn)無法提供的)合乎題意。故選F。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分55分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題2分，滿分40分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。答案寫在答題卡上。Mysonanddaughterracedahead,____21____toenterastoreforthefirsttimeinmonthsduringwhichtheyhadtowearmasksandsteer____22____ofothers.Weusedhandsanitizer(消毒液)andrusheddownthepassofcannedfoods.Itturnedoutthatthiswasn’taphysicallynecessarytrip,buta(n)____23____necessaryone.IntoourshoppingcartwenttwosetsofeverythingontheschoolThanksgiving____24____listcannedvegetables,gravypacketsandboxedmashedpotatoes.Insteadofpickingoneitemtobuy,my____25____kidswantedtogiveallthatwas____26____ofthem.Inthecheck-outline,mykidsmatter-of-factlytoldthewomanrunningtheregisterthattheirschoolwasgivingthisfoodtofamilieswhodidn’thaveenough,____27____sharingabundance(充足)wasthemostnormalthingintheworld,somethingneithertobeboastedofdoingnorashamedof____28____Havinglivedbothsides,Ibelievethat’sthetruth.Fromtheagesofseventoseventeen,myfamily____29____acceptedfooddonationsduringThanksgivingandmanyotherseasonstoo.IspentmychildhoodinaruralsoutheastTexastownwhereatleast20percentofhouseholdswerebelowthe____30____line,includingmine.Thereweretimeswhentheelectricitywasshutoffforanentireweekinwinterandthephonewas____31____formonths.Morethantwodecadeslater,Iclimbedmywayoutofthat____32____childhood.Ihave____33____foodanduninterruptedelectricitybutIwillneverforgetthe____34____Icamefrom.Istillremembertheholidaydinnersmadewithdonatedcannedgoodsandaturkey____35____withthefoodstampprovidedbythegovernment.Thememoriesareso____36____thatyoucan’tputapriceonthem.Nomatterwhattheincomelevel,everyoneshouldhavethechancetohaveafull____37____andalsoafullheart.Forme,it’scrucialto____38____thehelpmyfamilyreceivedthenandtoensuremychildrenunderstandthattherearemanypeoplewhodonothavethe____39____andresourceswedonow.OnMonday,mykidswalkedintotheschoolluggingalargebag____40____donations.Inmymind’seye,myseven-year-oldselfwaswaitingjusttheretoreceiveitwithgratitude.21.A.excited B.astonished C.nervous D.curious22.A.ahead B.back C.straight D.clear23.A.temporarily B.basically C.morally D.instinctively24.A.trade B.donation C.price D.service25.A.successful B.thoughtful C.skillful D.forgetful26.A.selected B.restricted C.ordered D.requested27.A.asif B.evenif C.whatif D.onlyif28.A.giving B.refusing C.receiving D.posting29.A.generously B.gratefully C.awkwardly D.anxiously30.A.standard B.security C.poverty D.district31.A.prohibited B.disconnected C.occupied D.abandoned32.A.tough B.traditional C.unique D.meaningful33.A.potential B.unnecessary C.plain D.plentiful34.A.civilization B.circumstances C.community D.organizations35.A.exchanged B.selected C.collected D.preserved36.A.precious B.awful C.glorious D.lifelike37.A.mood B.ambition C.mind D.stomach38.A.appealto B.targetfor C.payforward D.weighup39.A.admissions B.expenses C.comforts D.insights40.A.worthyof B.composedof C.exposedto D.heavywith【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.B25.B26.D27.A28.C29.B30.C31.B32.A33.D34.B35.A36.A37.D38.C39.C40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了作者和孩子們一起去超市為學(xué)校的捐贈(zèng)清單買東西，把作者和其的家人當(dāng)時(shí)得到的幫助傳遞出去的故事。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的兒子和女兒跑在前面，興奮地走進(jìn)一家商店，這是幾個(gè)月來他們第一次進(jìn)入這家商店，在這期間他們必須戴上口罩，遠(yuǎn)離他人。A.excited興奮的；B.astonished驚訝的；C.nervous緊張的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)本句“toenterastoreforthefirsttimeinmonths(幾個(gè)月來第一次進(jìn)商店)”可知，我的兒子和女兒跑在前面，興奮地走進(jìn)一家商店。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意見上題解析。A.ahead在前面；B.back后面；C.straight直的；D.clear易懂的，明白的。根據(jù)本句“theyhadtowearmasks(他們必須戴上口罩)”可知，他們也需要遠(yuǎn)離他人，steerclearof避開。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)證明，這不是一次身體上必要的旅行，而是一次道德上必要的旅行。A.temporarily暫時(shí)地；B.basically基本上，大體上；C.morally道德上，道義上；D.instinctively本能地。根據(jù)后文“Forme,it’scrucialto____18____thehelpmyfamilyreceivedthenandtoensuremychildrenunderstandthattherearemanypeoplewhodonothavethe____19____andresourceswedonow.(對(duì)我來說，重要的是把我的家人當(dāng)時(shí)得到的幫助傳遞出去，并確保我的孩子們理解，還有很多人沒有我們現(xiàn)在得到的舒適和資源)”可知，去超市購物也是一次道德上必要的旅行。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的購物車?yán)锓胖鴥商讓W(xué)校感恩節(jié)的禮物——捐贈(zèng)清單上的蔬菜罐頭、肉汁包和盒裝土豆泥。A.trade貿(mào)易，買賣；B.d