2022屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)（歷屆高考題分類解析）閱讀七選五

2022全國=1\*ROMANI卷根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign—somethingyou’llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou’lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat’sfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?36,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere’rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.38.They’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.39.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou’relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.40.WhileallofthemareusefulWhateveryou’relookingforIfyou’reexperimentingwithacolorSmallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwithIt’snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesSoitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeColorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways語篇解讀關(guān)鍵詞color,homedesign主旨概要本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在房間裝飾設(shè)計(jì)中顏色的重要性，并詳細(xì)說明了小、中、大三種規(guī)格的裝飾顏色的不同作用。原文出處文章選自HOMEDOO家裝設(shè)計(jì)網(wǎng)，分別由同一位作者寫于2022年11月3日和2022年11月11日。語言知識(shí)重難點(diǎn)詞fundamental十分重要的；grasp領(lǐng)會(huì)；approach接近；manage合理地利用；commitment投入；concern與……有關(guān)重難點(diǎn)詞塊throwpillow小靠墊；fulloflife充滿活力，生氣勃勃；visualinterest視覺趣味；tobesure誠然，固然；astepup向前邁出的一步長難句分析…coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.句意為：……顏色是讓房間成為你想要的那種感覺的關(guān)鍵。youwantittofeel是定語從句，修飾先行詞way，省略了關(guān)系代詞that。Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou’lllovetolivein.句意為：掌握如何在自己的空間里合理利用顏色是營造溫馨居住的房間的關(guān)鍵步驟之一。you’lllovetolivein是定語從句，修飾先行詞room，省略了關(guān)系代詞that/which。寫作句型Whetheryou’relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.It’snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpieces.答案與解析36.B上文提到，Doyouwantaroomthat’sfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?你想要一間充滿活力的房間嗎？職業(yè)化的？還是在尋找一處忙碌了一整天后放松的地方？可知，接下來將是對(duì)上文的總結(jié)，無論你找什么樣的房間，顏色是關(guān)鍵。且選項(xiàng)B中的lookingfor和上文的want和lookingfor相呼應(yīng)。37.A空格上一句提到，多年來，有許多不同的工藝幫助設(shè)計(jì)師達(dá)到這一目標(biāo)。由此可推斷，這些工藝都很有用。選項(xiàng)A中的them指代的是differenttechniques。38.D上一段結(jié)尾提到三種選擇:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones。接下來分別一一介紹。且該段中作者提到小物品如小靠墊、鏡子、籃子等的顏色可以給房間帶來視覺上的樂趣，以及其他好處。由此可知，本段介紹的是smallcolorchoices。39.G該空下一句提到中等物品顏色的選擇和小物品作比較的兩個(gè)方面：一是花費(fèi)，二是對(duì)空間感覺的影響。與選項(xiàng)G中的twomajorways相呼應(yīng)。40.F該空上一句提到，大的方面的顏色選擇所投入的時(shí)間、精力和相關(guān)費(fèi)用都是相當(dāng)多的。與選項(xiàng)F中的pay相呼應(yīng)。因而，墻壁、天花板、地板等顏色的選擇是你首先要搞定的。2022全國=2\*ROMANII卷根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.●Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37●Yourmetabolism(新陳代謝)getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.●39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.●40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.語篇解讀關(guān)鍵詞exercise,benefits,workout,inthemornings,improve主旨概要本文是一篇說明文，主要列舉了晨練的四個(gè)好處。原文出處選自網(wǎng)站lifecellcream，名為FourReasonsYouShouldExerciseintheMorning的文章。語言知識(shí)重難點(diǎn)詞provide提供，供給；additional額外的，附加的；benefit利益，好處；productivity效率，生產(chǎn)力；handle處理，應(yīng)對(duì)；energize使充滿活力；ruin破壞，毀壞重難點(diǎn)詞塊workout鍛煉身體，做運(yùn)動(dòng)；headstart領(lǐng)先，起步前的優(yōu)勢；brightandearly大清早；belikelytodo可能……；stickto遵守，堅(jiān)持；focuson聚焦于，致力于；pushoneself督促自己，鞭策自己長難句分析Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.晨練不僅對(duì)身體健康有益，還能給我們提供額外的好處。beyond意為“除了……之外”。Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.鍛煉會(huì)讓你更加神清氣爽，更好地應(yīng)對(duì)一天當(dāng)中發(fā)生的任何事情。whatever在句中引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在賓語從句whateverisaheadofyoufortheday中做主語。寫作句型Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou’redoingitnow,thenlistenup!答案與解析36.G36題所選的句子是一個(gè)承上啟下的過渡句。根據(jù)上文“如果你準(zhǔn)備抽出時(shí)間鍛煉，那很好?！薄暗怯捎诿β档纳?，很難抽出時(shí)間鍛煉?！币霰疚囊f的事“晨練不僅對(duì)身體健康有益，還能給我們提供額外的好處。”所以G選項(xiàng)符合語境，意為“如果你計(jì)劃定期鍛煉或者現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)定期鍛煉了，那么聽好了！”37.E選項(xiàng)37題的意思是“鍛煉后，你的頭腦可以保持清醒4-10個(gè)小時(shí)”，呼應(yīng)上一句“鍛煉會(huì)讓你更加神清氣爽，更好地應(yīng)對(duì)一天當(dāng)中發(fā)生的任何事情?！?8.F38題的上一句說的是，晨練有利于新陳代謝，下一句說的是晨練能幫助消耗卡路里，因此F句“鍛煉后，這一天里你將繼續(xù)消耗卡路里”符合邏輯，因此選F。39.B39題的下一句講的是晨練對(duì)睡眠的好處，因此B句“睡眠質(zhì)量得以提高”符合邏輯，因此選B。40.A40題的下一句講的是如果晨練，你就更會(huì)堅(jiān)持吃健康的食物，因此A句“你會(huì)堅(jiān)持你的飲食習(xí)慣”符合邏輯。2022全國=3\*ROMANIII卷根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Beforetherewasthewrittenword,therewasthelanguageofdance.Danceexpressesloveandhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeath,andeverythingelseinbetween.36WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime.“Iadoredancing,”saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudioinIowa.“Ican’timaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife.”Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages.“Teachingdanceiswonderful.37It’sgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,it’sawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife.”38“Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,”saysBridges.“They’relearningtodotraditionaldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.39”So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,healthier?AndreaHilliersays,“Dance,likethepatternofabeatingheart,islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter.40Ifindithardtostop!DancingremindsmeI’malive.”A.Sowhydowedance?B.Danceinthe.iseverywhere.C.Ifyoulikedancingoutdoors,cometoAmerica.D.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.E.IkeeppracticingevenwhenI’mextremelytired.F.Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletely.G.Theystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.語篇解讀關(guān)鍵詞dance主旨概要本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要介紹了舞蹈的益處。語言知識(shí)重難點(diǎn)詞fill打發(fā)，消磨；adore喜愛；run經(jīng)營，管理重難點(diǎn)詞塊inbetween在中間，當(dāng)中；forallages適合各個(gè)年齡段；inlowspirits情緒低落寫作句型Ican’timaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife.Ifindithardtostop!答案與解析B下文提到WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea以及Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officeparties可知舞蹈在美國無處不在。D上一句提到舞蹈教學(xué)，下一句又緊接著It’sgreattowatchthem可推知空格處應(yīng)與教學(xué)活動(dòng)有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)D提到學(xué)生的感受，符合語境，且Myolderstudents與them與相呼應(yīng)。A本段談到跳舞給一對(duì)年輕夫婦帶來的改變，可推知本段開始介紹跳舞的原因。F上文提到這位夫婦來教室時(shí)情緒低落，離開時(shí)卻面帶微笑，說明舞蹈改變了他們。選項(xiàng)F中changetheirfeelings是對(duì)上文的概括。E由上一句Evenafteralltheseyears以及下一句Ifindithardtostop可知AndreaHillier一直堅(jiān)持跳舞，選項(xiàng)E中的keeppracticing與之對(duì)應(yīng)。A卷全國卷Passage1(2022·全國Ⅰ)話題:愛上野營關(guān)注指數(shù):★★★IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughed,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepinghadnothingincommonwithme.1

Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.2Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctorsbillformysonsfoodpoisoning.

Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewilderness.3Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairnature-lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.

4Wehavedonealotofit,weboughtatwenty-eight-foottraveltrailercompletewithabathroomandabuilt-inTVisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwithatrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.

5Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktorecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.

timetherewasnotent.aregoingtobeimproved.triptheytookmeonwasaroughone.wastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.mustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.thetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.wasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.【語篇解讀】本文講述了作者以前對(duì)野外露營不感興趣,現(xiàn)在逐漸喜歡露營的經(jīng)歷。【答案與解析】根據(jù)上文可知,三年前作者認(rèn)為露營和自己無關(guān),而下文表明作者熱愛露營。暗示此處作者對(duì)待露營的情感態(tài)度在轉(zhuǎn)變。D選項(xiàng)中的however就起到了很好的轉(zhuǎn)折作用。根據(jù)下文“Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom”可知,作者第一次露營條件很艱苦,C選項(xiàng)中的“rough”暗示了這一點(diǎn),故C項(xiàng)符合語境。根據(jù)上文“Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom”可知,作者第一次露營時(shí)住帳篷,露天生火做飯,走很遠(yuǎn)的路去洗澡、上廁所,條件很艱苦。而下文中“Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner”說明作者這次露營沒有帳篷,而是有床有空調(diào)。根據(jù)下文“Weboughtatwenty-eight-foottraveltrailercompletewithabathroomandabuilt-inTVisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwithatrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains”可知,作者一家為了露營買了房車,里面設(shè)備齊全。既然花了這么大精力,說明作者一家人是喜歡露營的。F選項(xiàng)符合語境。根據(jù)下文可知,作者希望每個(gè)人能找到適合自己的回歸自然的方法,而根據(jù)上文可知作者回歸自然的方式就是露營,E選項(xiàng)既是對(duì)文章第1段中作者態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變的一個(gè)總結(jié),也很好地銜接了下文。heartilyadv.開懷地pop-upadj.有彈出功能的campern.野營車;旅行拖車trailern.拖車;(拖車式)活動(dòng)房屋IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.三年前如果有人告訴我會(huì)用大部分周末時(shí)間來野營,我會(huì)開懷大笑。本句為復(fù)合句,且采用了虛擬語氣。因?yàn)檫@里是對(duì)過去的虛擬,故本句中條件狀語從句為過去完成時(shí)態(tài),主句采用了“wouldhavedone”結(jié)構(gòu)。that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。Passage2(2022·全國Ⅱ)話題:工作中避免被干擾關(guān)注指數(shù):★★★★Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyouretryingtogetworkdone.1,thereareseveralwaystohandlestakealookatthemnow.

2.Tellthepersonyouresorryandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthingstodoandthenaskifthetwoofyoucantalkatadifferenttime.

Whenpeopletrytointerruptyou,havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtocomebackduringthattimeorthatyoullfindthemthen.3.Itcanhelptoeliminate(消除)futureinterruptions.

Whenyouneedtotalktosomeone,dontdoitinyourownoffice.4,itsmucheasiertoexcuseyourselftogetbacktoyourworkthanifyoutrytogetsomeoneoutofyourspaceevenafterexplaininghowbusyyouare.

Ifyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit.5.Ifsomeoneknocksanditsnotanimportantmatter,excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyourebusysotheycangetthehint(暗示)thatwhenthedoorisclosed,yourenottobedisturbed.

yourebusy,dontfeelbadaboutsayingnoyouwanttoavoidinterruptionsatworkboundariesforyourselfasfarasyourtimegoesyoureintheotherpersonsofficeorinapublicareasimportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyoullbeavailablemightseemunkindtocutpeopleshortwhentheyinterruptyouitopenwhenyoureavailabletotalkandcloseitwhenyourenot【語篇解讀】本文主要圍繞“中斷”這一話題展開論述。由于在工作中被打斷是一件令人感覺很糟糕的事,因此作者提出了幾點(diǎn)建議,防止此類事件的發(fā)生?！敬鸢概c解析】根據(jù)“thereareseveralwaystohandlethings”可知,下文是關(guān)于幾種防止在工作中被別人打斷的方法,此句與前半句構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的句子,根據(jù)語境分析選B。根據(jù)下文“Tellthepersonyouresorryandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthingstodoandthenaskifthetwoofyoucantalkatadifferenttime”可知,這一段主要講述學(xué)會(huì)在自己很忙的時(shí)候去拒絕別人。根據(jù)橫線前“havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtocomebackduringthattimeorthatyoullfindthemthen”,再結(jié)合下文“Itcanhelptoeliminatefutureinterruptions”可知選E。根據(jù)下文“itsmucheasiertoexcuseyourselftogetbacktoyourworkthanifyoutrytogetsomeoneoutofyourspaceevenafterexplaininghowbusyyouare”可知,比起在解釋自己很忙后讓別人離開你的個(gè)人空間,為自己找借口回到自己的工作中更容易。再結(jié)合上文的“dontdoitinyourownoffice”可知,作者認(rèn)為在別人的辦公室或公共場合更容易為自己脫身找借口。根據(jù)“Ifyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit”可知,此段主要講述關(guān)于如何利用自己辦公室的門來防止被打擾。interruptionn.打擾;插嘴excusev.為……找理由Ifsomeoneknocksanditsnotanimportantmatter,excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyourebusysotheycangetthehintthatwhenthedoorisclosed,yourenottobedisturbed.如果有人敲門并且不是重要的事情,你就可以為自己找個(gè)理由,讓這個(gè)人知道你很忙,這樣他們就可以得到這樣的暗示:當(dāng)門關(guān)著時(shí),你不想被打擾。該句為復(fù)合句,if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,so引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。hint后為that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句,從句中還含有when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。Passage3(2022·全國Ⅲ)話題:如何輕松起床關(guān)注指數(shù):★★★★L(fēng)otsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.Infact,thekeytoeasymorningwake-upliesinresettingyourbodyclock.1Hereshowtomakeone.

●2Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyitsimportant.Doyouwanttogetupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday?Onceyouareclearaboutyourreasons,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.

●Rethinkmornings.Nowthatyouknowwhyyouwanttowakeup,considerre-arrangingyourmorningactivities.Ifyouwanttimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,savesometimethenightbeforebysettingoutclothes,shoes,andbags.3Thatsaquarter-hourmoreyoucouldbesleepingifyouboughtacoffeemakerwithatimer.

●Keepyoursleep/wakescheduleonweekends.IfyouretiredoutbyFridaynight,sleepinginonSaturdaycouldsoundwonderful.Butcompensatingontheweekendsactuallyfeedsintoyoursleepinessthefollowingweek,arecentstudyfound.4

●Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.Afteryouvetriedanewmethodforaweek,takealookatyourrecord.5Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.

asleepspecialist.betterplanforsleepcanhelp.therightmotivation.considersettingasecondalarm.thestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.the15minutesyouspendinlineatthecafetogetcoffee.toyoursetbedtimeandwake-uptime,nomattertheday.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文,主要講了如何輕松起床。【答案與解析】根據(jù)下句中的關(guān)鍵詞one可以判斷,該空中應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)單數(shù)名詞。再通讀全文可知,文章是介紹如何讓起床不再困難的一個(gè)計(jì)劃,由此判斷B項(xiàng)符合語境。本段內(nèi)容是建議人們先確定早起的目的是什么,也就是早起的動(dòng)機(jī)是什么。由此推斷C項(xiàng)可以概括本段內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下句內(nèi)容可知,作者建議人們買一個(gè)可以定時(shí)的咖啡機(jī),這樣可以節(jié)約15分鐘準(zhǔn)備咖啡的時(shí)間,也就能夠多睡15分鐘,文中的“aquarter-hour”和選項(xiàng)中的“15minutes”呼應(yīng),是信息提示詞。根據(jù)段落小標(biāo)題可知,本段是建議人們?cè)谥苣┮惨獔?jiān)持自己的作息時(shí)間,G項(xiàng)符合本段中心。下句建議人們?nèi)绻@樣做沒用就嘗試新辦法,由此可以推斷該空應(yīng)該與Ifnot對(duì)應(yīng),提出如果有效果的話應(yīng)如何去做。puttheblameon...把責(zé)任歸咎于……keeptrackof了解……的動(dòng)態(tài)compensatev.補(bǔ)償Nowthatyouknowwhyyouwanttowakeup,considerre-arrangingyourmorningactivities.既然你知道自己為什么要醒來,那么考慮重新安排一下你早上的活動(dòng)吧。nowthat意為“既然”,引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,主句為祈使句。在原因狀語從句中why引導(dǎo)賓語從句。Passage4(2022·全國Ⅰ)話題:密碼關(guān)注指數(shù):★★★Secretcodes(密碼)keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.1Codebreakingneverlags(落后)farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.

Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.2Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”

3Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample.Letsnumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135.”

Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.4Forexample,“bridge”mightstandfor“meet”and“out”mightstandfor“me.”Themessage“Bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”5However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.

isveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.anylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.peoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.longastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.canhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.acodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.waytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。人們用密碼來傳遞信息已有幾千年歷史。設(shè)置密碼與破解密碼的斗爭也是熱門話題。【答案與解析】解答本題可用關(guān)聯(lián)邏輯法?？崭袂耙痪湔f“人們使用密碼已有幾千年了”,空格后又說“破解密碼從不遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于設(shè)置密碼”,由此可知選D項(xiàng)“只要密碼存在,人們就會(huì)試圖破解”。本題設(shè)空類型為過渡句類。解答本題可用詞匯鎖定法。由空格后所舉例子中的“thefirstletters”可鎖定E項(xiàng)中的“thefirstletters”。代入后,E項(xiàng)“你可以隱藏一條信息,通過每個(gè)單詞的首字母來把它拼寫出來”符合語境。本題設(shè)空類型為過渡句類。解答本題可用關(guān)聯(lián)邏輯法。作者在上一段說有三種主要類型的密碼學(xué)并介紹了第一種,根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可推知,本段應(yīng)介紹第二種,故鎖定G項(xiàng)中的“Anotherwayto”。本題設(shè)空類型為段落主題句類。解答本題可用詞匯鎖定法?？崭袂罢f“要讀取真正代碼的信息,你必須要有一個(gè)密碼本”,由“acodebook”可鎖定F項(xiàng)中的“Withacodebook”。F項(xiàng)“有了密碼本,你可以寫下代表其他單詞的單詞”符合上下文語境。本題設(shè)空類型為過渡句類。運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)詞和詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)雙重手段確定答案。上下句之間語意銜接緊密,however和hard兩個(gè)單詞起了重要的定位作用。本題設(shè)空類型為過渡句類。codebreaking密碼破譯standfor代表Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.銀行、公司和政府機(jī)構(gòu)在辦公時(shí)都使用密碼,尤其是當(dāng)信息是由電腦發(fā)出的時(shí)候。本句為主從復(fù)合句。本句中use...in...為常用結(jié)構(gòu),意為“在某方面使用……”,when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。Passage5(2022·全國Ⅱ)話題:如何做園藝關(guān)注指數(shù):★★★AgardenthatsjustrightforyouHaveyouevervisitedagardenthatseemedjustrightforyou,wheretheatmosphereofthegardenappearedtototalmorethanthesum(總和)ofitsparts?1.Butitdoesnthappenbyaccident.Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.

●2

Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料).3.However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.

●Recall(回憶)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.GrandmasrosegardenandDadsvegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthatsnotwhatsimportant.4—howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyoudliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.5.Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrown-upgarden.Havefun.

whyyougardenagoodplaceforyourowngardensourexperienceofthegardenthatmatterssdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowersothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplantscanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,tooeachofthosegardens,writerdownthestrongestmemoryyouhave【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。你是否參觀過一個(gè)正合你心意的花園呢?你是否也想擁有一個(gè)這樣屬于自己的完美的花園呢?本文作者給出了打造理想花園的兩個(gè)步驟。一起來看看吧!【答案與解析】解答本題可用句意判斷法?？崭袂懊枋隽艘粋€(gè)正合你意的花園,空格后說“但這不是偶然發(fā)生的。它開始于……”,縱觀各選項(xiàng),只有F項(xiàng)“你也可以使你自己的花園產(chǎn)生那樣一種魔力”符合語境。本題設(shè)空類型為過渡句類。解答本題可用設(shè)題位置法。本題設(shè)在標(biāo)題位置。據(jù)此,我們可以初步將E、F、G排除掉,因?yàn)榈?7空的結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)和第2個(gè)主題句結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)。初步判斷后,我們?cè)僖罁?jù)語境和文中的關(guān)鍵詞why和reason就可以鎖定答案了。解答本題可用關(guān)聯(lián)邏輯法。由本段中的Some...Others...可鎖定E項(xiàng)中的Stillothers。本題設(shè)空類型為細(xì)節(jié)理解類。解答本題可用句意判斷法?？崭袂罢f“但那一點(diǎn)都不重要”,由此可推測空格處會(huì)指出什么才是重要的,故選C項(xiàng)“我們做園藝工作的體驗(yàn)才是重要的”。本題設(shè)空類型為過渡句類。解答本題可用詞匯鎖定法?？崭袂罢f“花一些時(shí)間回憶你小時(shí)候的花園”,空格后說“然后走出去,制訂計(jì)劃,把你孩提時(shí)代的記憶變成你成年后的花園”。根據(jù)此語境可知答案為G項(xiàng)“為每一個(gè)那樣的花園寫下你最深刻的回憶”。同時(shí),空格后的memories與G項(xiàng)中的memory也互相呼應(yīng)。本題設(shè)空類型為過渡句類。withrespectto就……而言;關(guān)于buildabondwith與……建立聯(lián)系Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.它開始于深刻剖析自己,弄明白就自然界而言你是個(gè)什么樣的人以及你是如何處理園林工藝的過程的。第一個(gè)with后兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)名詞作賓語。在understanding后有who和how引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)賓語從句。Passage6(2022·全國Ⅲ)話題:烹飪魚的小竅門關(guān)注指數(shù):★★★★Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.1Butitseemsthatmanypeopledontcookfishathome.Americanseatonlyaboutfifteenpoundsoffishperpersonperyear,butweeattwiceasmuchfishinrestaurantsasathome.Buying,storing,andcookingfishisntdifficult.2Thistextisabouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.

3Freshfishshouldsmellsweet:youshouldfeelthatyourestandingattheoceansedge.Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisntfresh.4Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,youdbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudontcookitimmediately,butfreshfishshouldbestoredinyourfridgeforonlyadayortwo.Frozenfishisntastastyasthefreshone.

Therearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookfish.5First,cleanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices(調(diào)料).Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.(Alargeronewilltakemoretime.)Then,itsreadytoserve.

notbuyit.easiestistosteamit.ishowyoucandoit.justrequiresalittleknowledge.fishwillgobadwithinhours.buyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.fatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.【語篇解讀】本文介紹了買魚和烹飪魚的常識(shí)與方法?！敬鸢概c解析】上句提到吃魚對(duì)人的健康有益,而空格后But表轉(zhuǎn)折,這說明本句是對(duì)第1句的解釋說明,G項(xiàng)符合語境,意為“魚的脂肪有助于預(yù)防心臟病”。上句指出:購買、儲(chǔ)存和烹飪魚并不是難事。本句承接上句,D項(xiàng)符合語境,意為“它只需要一點(diǎn)兒知識(shí)”。下文分別指出了新鮮的魚和不新鮮的魚在氣味上有什么區(qū)別,由此可判斷此處應(yīng)填主題句F項(xiàng),意為“買魚時(shí)應(yīng)該先聞聞它”。上句指出有腥味或者味兒很大的魚都是不新鮮的,本句承接上句,指出不要購買這樣的魚,故A項(xiàng)正確。上句指出做魚的方法有很多種,根據(jù)下文出現(xiàn)的“steam”可知,本句講述了清蒸的方法,故B項(xiàng)正確,意為“最簡單的方法就是清蒸”。Passage7(2022·全國Ⅰ)話題:如何重獲信任關(guān)注指數(shù):★★★★BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.1Trustisayoucantbesuccessfulwhentheresalackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.

Unfortunately,weveallbeenvictimsofwevebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingpeoplesimplycanttrustanymore.2Itsunderstandable,butifyourewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.

●3Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.

●4Ifyouvebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourtheresadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality”.Atsomepointinallofourlives,wellhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.

●Youdidntlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.5Instead,itsahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.

toreallytrustyourself.regardingyourselfasthevictim.isputtingconfidenceinsomeone.thatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycantbeartoletithappenagain.knowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.thepositivesideofthingsdoesntmeanyoureignoringwhathappened.【語篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。信任是來源于人們以往經(jīng)歷的一種非天生行為。但有時(shí)它也會(huì)帶來風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。當(dāng)我們失去對(duì)別人的信任時(shí),我們?cè)撊绾沃匦芦@得它呢?本文向讀者介紹了幾種實(shí)用的做法?！敬鸢概c解析】空格前一句話講的是信任是人們從過去的經(jīng)歷中學(xué)來的一種行為。本空在此基礎(chǔ)上做進(jìn)一步的說明,即信任就是相信某人。上文指出,人們由于遭受欺騙或受到誤導(dǎo)等而倍感受傷,進(jìn)而不再相信任何人。E項(xiàng)中的they與前句中的people相對(duì)應(yīng),且與下句“Itsunderstandable”銜接自然,語境相符?？崭窈笠痪湓捠菍?duì)空格的解釋和說明。其中“Havingconfidenceinyourself”與A項(xiàng)中的“trustyourself”意義相近。根據(jù)本段的高頻詞victim可定位到B項(xiàng)。本段圍繞主題句“Youdidntlose‘everything’”展開。一旦你失去了信任,就要將目光放在仍然擁有的一切上面,并對(duì)生活中美好的人或事心存感激。看到事情積極的一面不代表你正在忽視所發(fā)生的一切。相反,這是正確的做法。G項(xiàng)和上下文銜接自然,因此答案為G項(xiàng)。alackoftrust缺乏信任fixthemistake改正錯(cuò)誤Butyoucantbesuccessfulwhentheresalackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.但是當(dāng)犯錯(cuò)者沒有承擔(dān)去改正錯(cuò)誤的責(zé)任而導(dǎo)致在一種關(guān)系中缺乏信任的時(shí)候,你是不可能成功的。此句為復(fù)合句,when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,其中that和where分別引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句,分別修飾先行詞arelationship和anaction。Passage8(2022·全國Ⅱ)話題:馬拉松訓(xùn)練之前的準(zhǔn)備關(guān)注指數(shù):★★★★Trainingforamarathonrequirescarefulpreparationandsteady,gradualincreasesinthelengthoftheruns.1,buythebest-fitting,best-builtrunningshoesyoucanfind.Noonecansaywhichbrandwillworkbestforyouorfeelbestonyourfeet,soyouhavetorelyonyourexperienceandonthefeelofeachpairasyoushop.Whenyouhavefoundshoesthatseemright,walkinthemforafewdaystodouble-checkthefit.2.Asalways,youshouldstretch(伸展)atleasttenminutesbeforeeachruntopreventinjuries.

Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance,butrunfiveminuteslongereachday.3,itiswisetotakeadayofftorest.Butduringthenextweek,setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun.4.Aftertwoweeks,starttimingyourself.5.Dependingonthekindofraceyouplantoenter,youcansetupatimetablefortheremainingweeksbeforetherace.

sixdaysagoodmarathonrunneryoubeginyourtrainingeachday,increasethedistancebyahalfmiletheystillfeelgood,youcanbeginrunninginthemspentforpreparationraisesthequalityoftrainingyouarereadytofigureoutagoalofimprovingdistanceandtime【語篇解讀】本文以如何進(jìn)行馬拉松訓(xùn)練為話題,主要從長期的角度說明應(yīng)該怎樣精心準(zhǔn)備,循序漸進(jìn),以達(dá)到鍛煉的目的?！敬鸢概c解析】上文提到了跑馬拉松,下文說要買一雙合適的鞋子,所以這里應(yīng)該是指前期的準(zhǔn)備工作。上文提到穿著鞋走路以確保合適,下文提到跑。所以這里應(yīng)該是說如果鞋子穿著的感覺很好,你就可以跑了。上文提到練習(xí)的第一周怎么做,下文提到第二周,所以這里應(yīng)該是練習(xí)一周后稍做休息,一周是6天。故正確答案為A。這里在討論逐漸增加跑步的距離,每天增加一定的距離才合理。文章最后提到提速,在規(guī)定的距離內(nèi)如何訓(xùn)練自己跑得快,這樣才能參加比賽。double-checkthefit復(fù)核其舒適度setagoalof設(shè)定一個(gè)……的目標(biāo)Noonecansaywhichbrandwillworkbestforyouorfeelbestonyourfeet,soyouhavetorelyonyourexperienceandonthefeelofeachpairasyoushop.沒人能說出哪個(gè)品牌最適合你或者穿在腳上讓你感到最舒服,因此在購買時(shí),你不得不根據(jù)你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和你對(duì)每一雙鞋的感覺來購買。本句是由so連接的并列句。第一個(gè)分句中whichbrandwillworkbestforyouorfeelbestonyourfeet作say的賓語。第二個(gè)分句中asyoushop為狀語從句。Passage9(2022·全國Ⅰ)話題:如何幫孩子發(fā)展技能關(guān)注指數(shù):★★★★★Thejobsofthefuturehavenotyetbeeninvented.1Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.

Yourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.2Askkids,“Whatingredients(配料)canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?”andthentrythemthoseingredie