2023高中英語語法考點一遍過第1輯冠詞名詞、代詞、形容詞和副詞、介詞和介詞短語：專題四形容詞和副詞

PAGEPAGE11專題四形容詞和副詞考點一倍數(shù)表達法表示倍數(shù)的句型：(1)Ais＋倍數(shù)＋比擬級＋than＋B(2)Ais＋倍數(shù)＋as＋原級＋as＋B(3)Ais＋倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size，length，height等)＋of＋B(4)Ais＋倍數(shù)＋that＋of＋B(5)Ais＋倍數(shù)＋what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句①Thisbuildingisthreetimeshigherthanthatone.Thisbuildingisthreetimesashighasthatone.Thisbuildingisthreetimestheheightofthatone.這個建筑物是那個建筑物的3倍高。②Theoutputofthisyearis3timesthatof2022.＝Theoutputofthisyearis3timeswhatitwasin2022.今年的產(chǎn)量是2022年的三倍。③Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced，thefactoryproducedtwiceasmanycarsin2022astheyearbefore.自從新技術(shù)被引進以后，這家工廠2022年生產(chǎn)的小汽車是上一年的兩倍。【經(jīng)典考題】1.Whenyoustudythelocalmap，you’llfindthistownis________.A.twicethesizeofthatoneB.twiceasalargetownasthatC.twiceaslargerasthatoneD.twiceaslargeratownasthat【解析】句意：當你研究當?shù)氐牡貓D時，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這座城鎮(zhèn)是那個的兩倍大。倍數(shù)的表達方式：Ais＋倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(如size/length)＋ofB；B項中不定冠詞位置錯誤；C、D項中as后應(yīng)用形容詞原級。【答案】A2.Peter’sjacketlookedjustthesameasJack’s，butitcost________his.A.asmuchtwiceasB.twiceasmuchasC.muchastwiceasD.astwicemuchas【解析】倍數(shù)表達法是形容詞比擬等級中一種很常用的比擬級結(jié)構(gòu)。不管用哪種比擬級結(jié)構(gòu)來表示比擬，表示倍數(shù)的詞總是放在比擬級結(jié)構(gòu)的最前面。【答案】B3.Myuncle’shouseinthedowntownareaismuchsmallerthanours，butitistwice________expensive.A.as B.soC.too D.very【解析】考查倍數(shù)表達法。這里的倍數(shù)是＂twice＂，由expensive這一原級可知，這里使用了＂as...as...＂這一比擬結(jié)構(gòu)，在具體的語境中，后面的一個as以及后面的成分可以承前省略，即這里expensive后面省略了asours?！敬鸢浮緼考點二形容詞、副詞的比擬級和最高級1.＂as＋形容詞＋(a/an)＋名詞＋as＂表示同級比擬，注意中間的形容詞和名詞并列時各自所在的位置。Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingisasmuchanartasitisascience.人們普遍認為，教學(xué)是一門科學(xué)，同時也是一門藝術(shù)。2.＂as＋形容詞/副詞的原級＋as＂與＂notas/so＋形容詞/副詞的原級＋as＂表示同級比擬，即兩個或兩局部人或物在性質(zhì)上或程度上相同(不同)。Theworkisnotas/sodifficultasyouimagine.這項工作不是像你想像的那么難。3.＂the＋比擬級＋ofthetwo＋名詞＂表示＂兩者中較……的那個＂。Thetallerofthetwoboysismybrother.兩個男孩中較高的那位是我哥哥。4.a＋形容詞比擬級＋n.……Aftertwoyears’research，wehaveafarbetterunderstandingofthedisease.研究兩年之后，現(xiàn)在我們對這種病有更好的理解。WewenttotheUSAinsearchofabetterlife.為了尋找更美好的生活我們?nèi)チ嗣绹?.比擬級的修飾語常見的有：rather，much，still，even，far，any(用于否認句或疑問句)，alot，alittle，agreatdeal，byfar，abit等。Thestudentsstudyevenharderthanbefore.學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)比以前更努力了。Acarrunsagreatdealfasterthanabike.汽車比自行車跑得快得多。6.最高級(1)最高級的修飾語常見的有：序數(shù)詞，byfar，nearly，almost，bynomeans，notreally，notquite，nothinglike。ThebridgebeingbuiltnowisbyfarthelongestacrosstheYellowRiver.目前正在建的那座橋是橫跨黃河之上的橋當中最長的橋。I’dliketobuythesecondmostexpensivecamera.我想買僅次于最貴的照相機。(2)否認詞＋比擬級＝最高級。Thereisnogreaterlovethanthatofamanwholaysdownhislifeforhisfriends.為朋友而放棄生命的人的愛是最偉大的愛?！狝reyousatisfiedwithwhathesaidatthemeeting?——你對他在會議上說的滿意嗎？—No.Itcouldn’thavebeenworse.——不，不能再差了?！窘?jīng)典考題】1.Believeitornot，swimmingis________asanytoloseunwantedweight.A.awayasgood B.asagoodwayC.asawaygood D.asgoodaway【解析】考查固定短語。as...as表示＂和……一樣＂，固定表達方式有＂as＋adj./adv.＋as＂＂as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as＂等?！敬鸢浮緿2.—Doyouthinkthatthe11thChineseNationalGameswereasuccess?—Yes，________！Itcouldn’tbe________.A.relatively；better B.approximately；worseC.absolutely；better D.fortunately；worse【解析】此題考查副詞和形容詞在語境中的運用。relatively相對地，比擬地；approximately大約；absolutely當然是，絕對正確；fortunately幸運地。根據(jù)語境知，第十一屆全運會絕對是一個成功的盛會，沒有比它更好的了，故C項正確?！敬鸢浮緾3.Ofthetwocameras，Iwouldprefer________one，whichisveryeasyformetocarry.A.asmaller B.thesmallestC.asmall D.thesmaller【解析】考查形容詞比擬級。由ofthetwocameras可知，總共有兩臺相機，其中＂小的那臺＂，應(yīng)該用比擬級smaller，同時又是＂確指＂的概念，所以用thesmaller，選D項?！敬鸢浮緿考點三形容詞、副詞的根本用法1.形容詞作狀語表示伴隨或結(jié)果，并不表達動作的方式。Afterthelongjourney，thethreeofthemwentbackhome，hungryandtired.經(jīng)過長時間旅行后，他們?nèi)齻€回到家，又餓又累。2.有些副詞還可以作連詞，作副詞時常放在句末。如：though，(ever)since，incase等Heisold.Heworkshard，though.＝Thoughheisold，heworkshard.雖然他年事已高，但他工作還是很努力。3.有些副詞置于句首可修飾全句，作評注性狀語。如：obviously，naturally，surprisingly等Fortunately，hewasnotdrownedandwassavedbythePLA.幸運的是，他沒被淹死，被解放軍給救了。Happilyforher，herstepmotherwaskindtoher.快樂的是，她的繼母對她很好。4.cannot/never與enough或too連用表示：無論怎樣都不過分；越……越好?！狪wasridingaloneinthestreetandallofasudden，acarcutinandknockedmedown.——我正在大街上單獨一人騎自行車，突然一輛小汽車強行超車把我撞倒了?！猋oucanneverbetoocarefulinthestreet.——在大街上你越小心越好?！窘?jīng)典考題】1.________，sheisthesortofwomantospreadsunshinetopeoplethroughhersmile.A.Shyandcautious B.SensitiveandthoughtfulC.Honestandconfident D.Lightheartedandoptimistic【解析】句意：她無憂無慮、積極樂觀，是那種用微笑給別人帶來快樂的人。此題考查形容詞作伴隨狀語。shyandcautious害羞的、小心的；sensitiveandthoughtful敏感的、多思的；honestandconfident老實的、自信的?！敬鸢浮緿2.Jimwenttoanswerthephone.________，Harrystartedtopreparelunch.A.However B.NeverthelessC.Besides D.Meanwhile【解析】句意：Jim去接了。與此同時，Harry開始做午飯。此題考查副詞用法。A.然而；B.雖然如此；C.除此之外；D.與此同時。根據(jù)前后句邏輯關(guān)系，應(yīng)選擇表示并列關(guān)系的D。【答案】D3.Weonlyhad$100andthatwas________tobuyanewcomputer.A.nowherenearenough B.nearenoughnowhereC.enoughnearnowhere D.nearnowhereenough【解析】句意：我們只有100美元，離買臺新電腦的錢還差得遠呢。此題考查修飾詞順序。notanywherenear或nowherenear：farfrom，notatall遠非，絕不是，為固定短語?！敬鸢浮緼4.Whenitwashisturntodeliverhisspeech，________，hewalkedtowardsthemicrophone.A.nervouslyandembarrassingly B.nervousandembarrassedlyC.nervouslyandembarrassing D.nervousandembarrassed【解析】該題考查形容詞作狀語。形容詞一般作定語，但也可作狀語。如：Helayinbed，awake.再如：Herhusbandcameback，drunk.【答案】D考點四多個形容詞修飾名詞的順序多個形容詞修飾名詞時，其順序為：限定詞→數(shù)詞→描繪詞→(大小，長短，形狀，新舊，顏色)→出處→材料性質(zhì)→類別→名詞asmallroundtableatallgraybuildingadirtyoldbrownshirtafamousGermanmedicalschoolanexpensiveJapanesesportscar【典型例題】Tonyisgoingcampingwith___________boys.A.littletwoother B.twolittleotherC.twootherlittle D.littleothertwo【解析】C。由＂限定詞--數(shù)詞--描繪詞--(大小，長短，形狀，新舊，顏色)--性質(zhì)--名詞＂的公式可知數(shù)詞，描繪詞，性質(zhì)依次順序，只有C符合答案?！敬鸢浮緾【巧學(xué)妙記】多個形容詞修飾一個名詞的先后位置的口訣

：限定描繪大長高，

形狀年齡和新老；

顏色國籍跟材料，

作用類別往后靠。其中，＂限定詞＂包括：冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、或數(shù)詞，它位于各類形容詞前。它本身分為三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定詞有all、half、both、分數(shù)和倍數(shù)；中位限定詞有冠詞、指示代詞、物主代詞等；后位限定詞有基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞，但序數(shù)詞位于基數(shù)詞前。如:both

my

hands、all

half

his

income等。＂描繪＂性形容詞如：beautiful、bad、cold、great等。＂大長高＂表示大小、長短、上下等一些詞。表示＂形狀＂的詞如：round

square等。＂國籍＂指一個國家或地區(qū)的詞。＂材料＂的詞如：wooden,

woolen,

stone,silk等。＂作用類別＂的詞如：medical,

college，writing

desk，police

car等。

題組一1.〔2022·江蘇〕Hiscomprehensivesurveyshaveprovidedthemost__________statementsofhow,andonwhatbasis,dataarecollected.A.explicit B.ambiguous C.original D.arbitrary2.〔2022·浙江〕Inthisarticle,youneedtobackupgeneralstatementswith________examples.A.specific B.permanent C.abstract D.universal3.〔2022·浙江〕Mostofus,ifweknowevenalittleaboutwhereourfoodcomesfrom,understandthateverybiteputintoourmouthswas________alive.A.steadily B.instantly C.formerly D.permanently4.〔2022·浙江〕Listeningisthusanactive,nota________,behaviorconsistingofhearing,understandingandremembering.A.considerate B.sensitive C.reliable D.passive5.〔2022·四川〕LittleTomsat________watchingthemonkeydancinginfrontofhim.A.amaze B.amazing C.amazed D.toamaze6.〔2022·四川〕Andyiscontentwiththetoy.Itis__________hehasevergot.A.abetter B.thebetter C.abest D.thebest7.〔2022·福建〕Itwas________ofMichaeltoinformusofhisdelayincasewegotworried.A.careless B.considerate C.patient D.generous8.〔2022·江蘇〕Thepoliceofficersdecidedtoconductathoroughand_______reviewofthecase.A.comprehensive B.complicated C.conscious D.crucial9.〔2022·安徽〕26.I’mso______toallthosevolunteersbecausetheyhelpedmyterribledayendhappily.A.special B.superior C.grateful D.attractive10.〔2022·安徽〕Theygavemoneytotheoldpeople’shomeeither______orthroughtheircompanies.A.legally B.sincerely C.personally D.deliberately題組二1.Hedidn’tfollowthedoctor’sadviceofstoppingsmoking.Instead,hesmokedmore______.A.badly B.slightly C.heavily D.easily2.StudieshaveshownthatmostAmericansfeeluncomfortableiftheystandtoo______tootherswhentalking.A.close B.closely C.closed D.closing3.Ofcourse,thisisonlya______view,andIamnotcertainmypeerswillacceptit.A.private B.personal C.unique D.different4.BythetimeIgottotheairport,theywerealreadycallingmyflight,andI______barelymadeit.A.yet B.even C.rather D.just5.Idon’tthinktheyneedhelp,butIthinkIshouldoffer______.A.however B.anyway C.therefore D.though6.Afteralongjourney,thesetravelersreturnedtothehotel,______.A.tiredandsleepy B.tiredlyandsleepy C.tiredandsleepily D.tiredlyandsleepily7.Thehouserentisexpensive.I’vegotabouthalfthespaceIhadathomeandI’mpaying______here.A.asthreetimesmuch B.asmuchthreetimesC.muchasthreetimes D.threetimesasmuch8.SomeChinesepeoplebelievethatthemoreyoudrink,thecloseryourrelationwillbe,and_________thethingistohandle.A.theeasier B.easily C.themoreeasily D.easier9.Evenstudentswith______intelligencecanbeexcellentstudentsafterimprovingtheirstudyhabits.A.average B.unusual C.splendid D.popular10.JohnSmith,asuccessfulbusinessman,hasa______car.A.largeGermanwhite B.Germanlargewhite C.whitelargeGerman D.largewhiteGerman題組三用所給詞的適當形式填空1.How________(disappoint)itwastohavemissedthetrain!2.Itisdifficulttocrossthedesertbycar，butnot________(absolute)impossible.3.Tenyearsagothepopulationofourvillagewastwiceas________(large)asthatoftheirs.4.Althoughparentsshouldtakegoodcareoftheiryoungchildren，theydon’t________(necessary)doanythingforthem.5.—Areyousatisfiedwiththeresultoftheexam?—Notatall.Ican’thavea________(bad)one.6.Youaredrivingtoofast.Canyoudriveabit________(slowly)?7.Mr.ZhangoncetaughtinaremotevillageinAnhuiProvinceasavolunteer，whichwas________(access)onlyonfoot.8.—Didyourbosshelpyouwiththevitaltask?—No，heallocatedeachofusourjobsandthenwentoutforsomething________(important).9.Ofthetwoboys，Jimisthe________(young)one，andheisalsotheonewholovestobenoisy.10.AtthattimeIknewithadtobeasignificantdaytothem.Nothingcouldbe________(good)ifsomeoneofferedtohelpthem.題組一1.A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱兩可的，模糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，專制的；句意：對于如何以及在什么根底上收集數(shù)據(jù)，他的綜合調(diào)查提供了最清晰的說明。故A正確。2.A【解析】句意：在文章中，你需要用具體的例子來支持總的觀點。specific具體，明確的；permanen永久的；abstract抽象的；universal全球的，共通的。應(yīng)選A。3.C【解析】句意：就算我們很少了解食物來自于哪里，我們大多數(shù)人都明白，放在我們的口里的每一點食物在之前都是活生生的生命。steadily穩(wěn)定地；instantly立即地；formerly以前，從前；permanently永久地。根據(jù)句意及常識不能得出答案，在吃入口中之前的都是活著的。應(yīng)選C。4.D【解析】句意：因此聽是一種主動的，而不是被動的行為。它包含聽，理解和記憶。considerate考慮周全的；sensitive敏感的；reliable可靠的；passive被動的。根據(jù)not可以知道前后是反義表達，所以選D。5.C【解析】本句考查形容詞作狀語。本句考查形容詞作伴隨狀語，句意：小Tom坐在那兒看著小猴子在他面前跳舞，很吃驚。主要考查B、C之間的區(qū)別，選項B意為：令人吃驚的，常修飾物；而選項C意為：感到吃驚的，常修飾人。根據(jù)句意可知選C。6.D【解析】考查形容詞的級。根據(jù)上一句話可知，Andy對這個玩具很滿意，應(yīng)選擇D。句意：這是他曾得到的最好的玩具。7.B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。careless不小心的；considerate體貼的；patient有耐心的；generous慷慨的。句意：麥克真是體貼，他通知我們他會遲點來以防我們著急。應(yīng)選B。8.A【解析】句意：警官決定對這起案件進行一次徹底全面的審查。A項＂綜合的，全面的，有理解力的＂；B項＂復(fù)雜的＂；C項＂有意識的＂；D項＂至關(guān)重要的＂。應(yīng)選A項。9.C【解析】句意：我非常感謝所有的志愿者，因為他們幫我把糟糕的一天變成了愉快的一天。A特殊的；B優(yōu)秀的，比……好的；C感謝的；D有吸引力的。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是在向志愿者表達感謝之情，應(yīng)選C。10.C【解析】句意：他們給那位老人的家里送錢，有的是以個人的名義，有的那么是通過他們的公司。legally合法地