高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法突破 專(zhuān)題十六 虛擬語(yǔ)氣（含答案）

專(zhuān)題十六虛擬語(yǔ)氣I、重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)解析虛擬語(yǔ)氣的高考命題導(dǎo)向：虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示說(shuō)話人的愿望、假設(shè)、猜測(cè)或建議，而不是表示客觀存在的事實(shí)。真實(shí)語(yǔ)氣與虛擬語(yǔ)氣的區(qū)別主要在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式上。在做題時(shí)，要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，判斷出是與那種時(shí)態(tài)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。一虛擬語(yǔ)氣在從句中的用法和構(gòu)成一覽表類(lèi)別用法例句if引導(dǎo)的條件從句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反從句動(dòng)詞：過(guò)去式（be用were）；主句動(dòng)詞：should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形Ifhewerehere,hewouldhelpus.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反從句動(dòng)詞：had+過(guò)去分詞；主句動(dòng)詞：should/would/could/might+have+過(guò)去分詞IfIhadbeenfree,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反從句動(dòng)詞：過(guò)去式/should+動(dòng)詞原形/were+不定式；主句動(dòng)詞:should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.其他狀語(yǔ)從句asif引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去完成式Theyaretalkingasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.evenif/though引導(dǎo)的從句,與現(xiàn)在將來(lái)/事實(shí)相反:從句動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式,主句動(dòng)詞用should/would+動(dòng)詞原形。與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反:從句動(dòng)詞：had+過(guò)去分詞；主句動(dòng)詞：should/would+have+過(guò)去分詞Eveniftheyweretofail,theywouldn’tlosecourage.賓語(yǔ)從句demand,suggest,order,insist等表命令、建議、要求后的從句中動(dòng)詞（should）+動(dòng)詞原形Hesuggestedthatwenotchangeourmind.wish后的從句中分別用過(guò)去式、過(guò)去完成式和could/would+動(dòng)詞原形表示與現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去和將來(lái)情況相反IwishIcouldbeapopsinger.主語(yǔ)從句在Itisnecessary/important/strangethat…,Itissuggested/demanded/ordered/requestedthat…等從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用（should）+動(dòng)詞原形Itisstrangethatsuchapersonshouldbeourfriends.表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句作idea,advice,order,demand,request等表命令、建議、要求的詞的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用（should）+動(dòng)詞原形Myadviceisthatyou(should)finishyourhomeworkfirst.Theideathatyou(should)goisright.其他句型中Itistimethat…句型中動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或should+動(dòng)詞原形It’shightimethatweleft.wouldrather所接的從句中動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或者過(guò)去完成式Iwouldratheryoustayedathomenow.Ifonly句型中動(dòng)詞常用過(guò)去式或者過(guò)去完成式，表示強(qiáng)烈的愿望Ifonlyourdreamhadcometrue!二其他要注意的事項(xiàng)1.虛擬語(yǔ)氣中出現(xiàn)be的過(guò)去式，只能用were。2.suggest表“暗示、表明”和insist表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”,其后的賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述句語(yǔ)氣。例如：Youpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill./Heinsistedthathewasright.3.if虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件句中如有had,should,were，可省略if,將其提前引起倒裝。例如：WereIyou,Iwouldremain./Hadyoutoldmeearlier,Iwouldn’thavemissedit.4.可用with,butfor代替虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件句。例如：Butforyourhelp.Iwouldhavefailedtheexam.Withoutairtherewouldbenolife.asif/though,evenif/though也可以不用虛擬，表示真實(shí)的情況。例如：Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.II、實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練一．用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空---Ifhe________________(warn),he________________(nottake)thatfood.---Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_________________(break).Iwouldratherthey_________________(nothear)ofthenews.IwishI_______________(have)aroomofmyownwhenIwasachild.Tothesurpriseofthepublic,theidentificationofthecauseofsuchasimpleevent___________________(take)morethanayear.Withoutairtoholdsomeofthesun’sheat,theearthatnight_______________(be)freezingcold,toocoldforustostay.IfIhadworkedharderatschool,I_____________________(sit)inacomfortableofficenow.Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe_____________(be)ill,andhercolleaguessuggestedthatshe_____________(have)amedicalexamination.Iinsistedhe____________(go)toseeadoctor,butheinsistednothing__________(be)wrongwithhim.Heasksthathe_______________(give)anopportunitytoexplainwhyhe’srefusedtogothere.Itishightimewe_____________(get)downtodiscussingthisplan.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatyou___________(be)toobusy,Iwouldaskyoutohelpmedothisrightnow.Whodoyousuggest__________________(send)toworkthere?Iwouldhavecomeearlier,butI________________(notknow)thatyouwerewaitingforme.Ifit_______________(rain)tomorrow,theoutingwouldbecancelled.二、用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空:(共10小題,每題2分)1.Ifyou___(arrive)tenminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.2.It'stimethatwe___(go)totherailwaystation.3.Ifthey___(nothelp)us,ourexperimentwouldhavefailed.4.You'refiveminuteslate.Isuggestedthatyou___(come)earliertomorrow.5.Matheroftentellsusthatitisnecessarythatwe___(drink)aglassofwaterafterwegetup.6.Sheinsistedthatshe___(send)toworkinthefarawaysmalltown.7.___Inot___(forget)histelephonenumber,Iwouldhaverunghim.8.Heisbusynow.Ifhe___(be)free,he___(go)withyou.9.Themanagerwasinhisofficethen.Ifhe___(be)here,everything___(settle)inaminute.10.Noisyasitwas,hewentonreadingasifnothing___(happen).三、完成句子(每空一詞):(共10個(gè)空,每空2分)1.真想不到我們倆會(huì)在這里見(jiàn)面.It'sstrangethatwe________here.2.如果沒(méi)有參加瑪麗的生日聚會(huì)的話,我們彼此就不會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)了.Ifwehadn'ttakenpartinMary'sbirthdayparty,we___________eachother.3.—這么近的路,我們應(yīng)該步行到車(chē)站來(lái).—是啊,根本沒(méi)必要乘出租車(chē).—We_____________________tothestation,itwassonear.—Yes.Ataxiwasn'tatallnecessary.4.萬(wàn)一明天下雨的話,我們將不得不推遲參觀頤和園.________itraintomorrow,we____________toputoffthevisittotheSummerPalace.四．PartA.1. Ifpeople______(drive)moreslowly,therewouldn’tbesomanyaccidents.2. Ifyouhadworkedcarefully,you_____(notmake)somanymistakes.3. Theboatwouldn’thavedriftedaway,ifwe_____(tie)itup.4. IfIhadknownyoualready_____(have)atypewriter,I_____(not,buy)oneforyourbirthday.5. Ifhe_____(be)herethisafternoonIwouldgowithhim.6. Ifitweretoraintomorrow,thematch_____(postpone).7. Butforyourhelp,we______(notbe)abletofinishtheworkintime.8. Ifit_____(not,be)fortheleadershipoftheParty,wewouldnothaveachievedsomuch.9. IwishI_____(study)hardwhileIwasyoung.10. Itisabouttimethatfence______(mend).11. Myrequestisthatwe______(hold)anothersessiontodiscusstheproblem.12. Itisstrangethatthecar_____(break)downatexactlythesameplacewhereit_____(break)downyesterday.13. Thebabysmiledasifhe_____(understand)whathismother_____(say).14. Hetalkedasifhe_____(do)alltheworkhimself,butinfactTomandI_____(do)mostofit.15. Ifonlywe_____(have)aphone!I’mtiredofqueuingoutsidethepublicphonebox.16. -----“Canwecomeinlatetomorrow?”-----“I’dratheryou_____(come)inontime.”17. Helooksasifhe_____(be)illforalongtime.18. Healwaystalksasthoughhe______(address)apublicmeeting.19. Ifametal______(heat),itwillexpand.20. I_____(stay)homeifitrainsthisevening.PartB.1. Shewouldcallyouimmediatelyifshe_____(need)help.2. IfIhadseenthemovie,I_____(tell)youallaboutitnow.3. Ifhe_____(decide)earlier,hecouldhaveleftontheafternoonflight.4. _______I_____(take)myumbrellawithmewhenI_____(come)outthismorning,I_____(notbe)sowetnow.5. Ifyouhadlistenedtome,you_____(notbe)insuchtroublenow.6. Iwishthey_____(stop)makingsomuchnoisesothatIcouldconcentrateonmywork.7. Itisinconceivablethathe_____(notsee)methatdayforI______(wave)toher.8. Whatapitythathegaveordersthatallthoselovelytrees_____(cut)down.9. Mr.Joneswouldrather_____(stay)homelastnight.10. Henrywouldratherthathisbrother_____(work)inthesamedepartmentashedoes.11. Electriccurrentflowsthroughaconductorasthoughit_____(be)afluid.12. We_____(invite)hertothepartybutwedidn’tknowthatshe______(already,come)backfromabroad.13. Today’sindustrialproduction______(be)impossiblewithoutthecontributionmadebythescienceofphysics.14. Ihatedriving.I’dmuchratheryou_____(drive).15. Theguests______(arrive)lastnight,butthereisstillnonewsaboutthem.16. Mother_____(feel)anxiousifIcamehomelate.17. EvenifI______(be)withyouthen,I______(can,not,do)muchforyou.18. Alessconscientiousman______(not,try)sohardtogetthisjobdone.19. Doyouwishthatyou______(have)asisterlikeher?20. Isn’titsurprisingthathe______(have)twocaraccidentsduringthepastweek?答案一．1.hadbeenwarned;wouldn’thavetaken 2.werebroken3.didn’t 4.hadhad 5.shouldhavetaken 6.wouldbe 7.wouldbesitting 8.was;have 9.go;was 10.begiven11.got 12.are 13.besent 14.didn’tknow 15.should/weretorain 二、1.hadarrived2.went(shouldgo)3.hadnothelped4.(should)come5.(should)drink6.(should)besent7.Had;forgotten8.were;wouldgo9.hadbeen;wouldhavebeensettled10.werehappening三、1.meet2.wouldn'thaveknown