07秋期英語國(guó)家概況(2)復(fù)習(xí)應(yīng)考指南

PAGEPAGE207秋期《英語國(guó)家概況（2）》復(fù)習(xí)應(yīng)考指南 巴南電大羅承芳第一部份課程考核說明一、復(fù)習(xí)應(yīng)考基本要求本學(xué)科是由重慶電大開設(shè)的英語本科專業(yè)的一門選修課，開課一期，學(xué)完考試及格記2學(xué)分。本門課程所有與考試相關(guān)的要求均由重慶電大制定，復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)請(qǐng)以重慶電大下發(fā)的有關(guān)資料及重慶電大教學(xué)平臺(tái)上所掛內(nèi)容為準(zhǔn)。1.考核目的目的在于考查學(xué)生通過對(duì)該課程的學(xué)習(xí)，對(duì)主要英語國(guó)家的社會(huì)和文化背景的了解。2.考核方式筆試,開卷.考試時(shí)間90分鐘。4適用教材考試命題的教材為《英語國(guó)家社會(huì)與文化入門（下）》（高等教育出版社）。4.命題依據(jù)本課程的命題依據(jù)是英語國(guó)家概況（2）課程的教學(xué)大綱、教材、實(shí)施意見。5.考試要求本課程的考試主要考察學(xué)生對(duì)各主要英語國(guó)家的社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化等各個(gè)方面的基本情況的了解。6.考題類型及比重考題類型及分?jǐn)?shù)比重大致為：選擇題（20%），填空題（30%），簡(jiǎn)答題（20%），解釋題（30%）。二、復(fù)習(xí)應(yīng)考資料及其使用本學(xué)科本次考試有下列3種資料，可供學(xué)員復(fù)習(xí)應(yīng)考用。（一）重慶電大印制的形成性考核作業(yè)冊(cè)的4次作業(yè)。按照以往的慣例，由重慶電大出題考試的科目，考題大部分來自于平時(shí)的作業(yè)。因此作業(yè)冊(cè)應(yīng)該是大家復(fù)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)資料之一。（二）在線自測(cè)題。在線自測(cè)題的內(nèi)容由市電大課程責(zé)任老師設(shè)置，并且給出了相應(yīng)的解析，這四套自測(cè)題既是對(duì)平時(shí)作業(yè)的補(bǔ)充，同時(shí)也是對(duì)考試內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充和強(qiáng)調(diào)，請(qǐng)各位學(xué)員一定要引起重視。課程輔導(dǎo)老師整理的復(fù)習(xí)題。本期課程輔導(dǎo)教師整理出了期末復(fù)習(xí)題，(見本應(yīng)考指南第四部分).這套復(fù)習(xí)題綜合了重慶電大課程責(zé)任教師掛出的綜合練習(xí)題以及本校課程輔導(dǎo)教師分析的在期末考試中有可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)的題目，對(duì)復(fù)習(xí)應(yīng)考有比較大的參考價(jià)值，請(qǐng)大家認(rèn)真用好這份資料。三、復(fù)習(xí)考試重點(diǎn)輔導(dǎo)美國(guó)部分一、重點(diǎn)名詞AmericanIndians，Puritanism，TheDeclarationofIndependence，GeorgeWashington，Afederalsystem，Theexecutive，TheBillsofRights，IndustrialRevolutioninAmerica，Religiousliberty，TheScarletLetter，MarkTwain，Thenaturalists，The“LostGeneration”，Boardsofeducation，Highereducation，TheCivilRightsMovement，HenryFord，PC，TheGrandCanyonNationalPark，Disneyland二、重點(diǎn)掌握每章后面的FocalPoints部分，以及Exercises中的II、III。三、一般掌握Exercises中的QuestionsforThought。加拿大部分一、重點(diǎn)名詞theCanadianidentity，thePrairies，theMaritimes，theCanadianCharterofRightsandFreedoms，ImmigrationpolicyofCanada，Quebec，TheCanada-USFreeTradeAgreement，MargaretLaurence，PierreTrudeau，Canadian-USrelations二、重點(diǎn)掌握每章后面的FocalPoints部分，以及Exercises中的II、III。三、一般掌握Exercises中的QuestionsforThought。四、期末復(fù)習(xí)題I.EachquestionisfollowingbyfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethecorrectanswertoeachofthequestions.1.ThefollowingwerethefoundingfathersoftheAmericanRepublicexcept__C________A.GeorgeWashingtonB.ThomasJeffersonC.WilliamPennD.BenjaminFranklin2.WhichofthefollowingstatementswascorrectaroundthetimeoftheAmericanRevolution?___A_____.A.TheAmericanhadthemixedbloodofEuropeansortheirdescendants.B.TheAmericanhadthemixedbloodofEuropeanswithAmericanIndians.C.TheAmericanhasthemixedbloodofEuropeanswithblacks.D.TheAmericanhadthebloodoftheEnglishandtheirdescendantsonly.3.WhichofthefollowingstatementswasNOTcorrect?WhentheWarofIndependencewasover,__D______.A.eachnewstatehasitsowngovernmentB.eachnewstatemadeitsownlawsandhandledallofitsinternalaffairsC.thenationalgovernmentwascalledtheCongresswithlittlepowerD.therelationshipsbetweenthestatesandthenationalgovernmentwereclearlydefined.4.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTguaranteedintheBillofRights?____B_____.A.Thefreedomofreligion.B.Thefreedomofsearchingaperson'shomebypolice.C.Thefreedomofspeechandofthepress.D.Therighttoownweaponsifonewishes.5.The"Americansystem"ofmassproductionwasfirstusedin___C______.A.carindustryB.textileindustryC.firearmsindustryD.agriculture6.TheUnitedStateswasratedNo.Iintermsofproductioncapacityintheworld___C____.A.1920B.1950C.1945D.19607.WhichofthefollowingisunconstitutionalintheUnitedStates?___C______A.Catholicscanbuildtheirownschoolsandhospitals.B.Non-Catholicscangotocatholic-runschools.C.Publicmoneyisprovidedtosupportreligiousschools.D.Womenhavetherighttoabortion.8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTcorrectaccordingtotheauthor?___B______A.AmericanmainstreamcultureisbasedonProtestantism.B.ProtestantChurchisanestablishedchurchbylawintheU.S.C.TheCatholicChurchisthelargestsinglereligiousgroupintheU.S.D.ThelargestchurchisoftheProtestantfaithintheU.S.9.WhichofthefollowingisconsideredanAmericanmasterpiece?___D______A.TileLastoftheMohicansB.TheLegendoftheSleepyHollowC.7'heMasqueoftheRedDeathD.MobyDick10.ThreeofthefollowingareNobelPrizewinners.Whichoneisnot?__D_______A.ErnestHemingwayB.EugeneO'NeillC.WilliamFaulknerD.F.ScottFitzgerald11.Blueswasderivedfromablendoffieldchanteyandspiritualwhichis_____D____.A.aformofrock'n'rollsingingpopularamongAmericanteenagersB.aformofoperaticsingingoriginatedfromSouthernEuropeancountriesC.aformofcountrymusicsingingD.aformofhymnsingingprevalentinAfrican--AmericanChristianchurches12.Whichofthefollowingisnotateamgame?__B_______A.Volleyball.B.Bowling.C.Soccer.D.Fieldhockey.13.Whichinventionmarkedthebeginningof"TheAgeofVisualInformation"?____D_____A.Newspaper.B.Telegraph.C.Laundrymachine.D.Television.14.InJanuary1965,PresidentJohnsondeclared“__B______”toeliminatepoverty"byopeningtoeveryonetheopportunitytoliveindecencyanddignity.”A.waragainstVietnamB.waragainstpovertyC.waragainstJapanD.NewFrontierprogram15.WhichofthefollowingprovinceswasthelastonetojoinCanadain1949?__B_______A.NovaScotia.B.Newfoundland.C.Ontario.D.BritishColumbia.16.WhereisLakeLouiseLocated?___D______A.InthenorthernpartofCanada.B.OntheCanadian--Americanborder.C.Ontheeastcoast.D.IntheRockies.17.WhichofthefollowingprovincesisthehomeofmostFrench--speakingpeopleinCanada?___D______A.ManitobaB.OntarioC.Saskatchewan.D.Quebec.18.WhoisthemostinfluentialpersonintheCanadiangovernment?__C_______A.TheQueen.B.ACabinetMinister.C.ThePrimeMinister.D.TheGovernorGeneral.19.Atpresent,whichofthefollowingareashasthelargestfarmsinCanada?___D______A.Thewesternprovinces.B.Theeasternprovinces.C.BritishColumbia.D.Theprairieprovinces.20.Aroundthebeginningof20'thcentury,ChineselaborerscametoCanadato__B_______A.workasfarmersandminersB.buildtherailroadC.dofurtradeD.openshops21.ThetheoryofAmericanpoliticsandtheAmericanRevolutionoriginatedmainlyfrom__D__.A.GeorgeWashingtonB.ThomasJeffersonC.JohnAdamsD.JohnLocke22.WhichofthefollowingisNOTapowerofthepresidentoftheUnitedStates?____C_____A.ThepresidentcanvetoanyhillpassedbyCongress.B.Thepresidenthastheauthoritytoappointfederaljudgeswhenvacanciesoccur.C.Thepresidentcanmakelaws.D.Thepresidenthasbroadpowers,withtheexecutivebranch,toissueregulationsanddirectivesregardingworkofthefederaldepartments.23.ThefollowingaredistinctivelyAmericanfeaturesofreligionexcept_C______.A.variousreligiousgroupshavecoexistedintheU.S.moreharmoniouslythanEuropeB.scientificandeconomicadvanceandmaterialprosperityhavenotbeenaccompaniedbyadeclineinreligiousfaithC.therehasbeenlittleconcentrationondoctrineorreligionargumentintheU.SD.therehasbeenverymuchconcentrationondoctrineorreligiousargumentintheU.S24.WhichofthefollowingisNOTregardedasoneofthethreebasicreligiousbeliefs?___C______A.Protestant.B.Catholic.C.Islamic.D.Judaism.25.ThreeofthefollowingauthorsareNobelPrizewinners.Whichoneisnot?____D_____A.ErnestHemingway.B.EugeneO'Neill.C.WilliamFaulkner.D.F.ScottFitagerald.26.Togetabachelor'sdegree,anundergraduatestudentisrequiredtodothefollowingexcept____C______.A.attendinglecturesandcompleteassignmentsB.passingexaminationsC.takingcertainsubjectssuchashistory,languageandphilosophyD.earningacertainnumberofcreditsattheendofthefouryearsatcollege27Theonegroupwithinthecounterculturebestknownfortheirpursuitofhappinessastheironlygoalinlifewascalled_______A_____.A.the"Hippies"B.the"BeatGeneration"C.the"MeGeneration"D.the"LostGeneration"28.DrugabuseintheUnitedStatesisasocialproblembecauseithaswiderangeofsocialcosts.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadysfunctioncausedbydrugabuse?_____D_______A.Thereisastrongassociationbetweendruguseandcrime.B.Drugdependencetakessignificantroleintermsofpersonalhealthandsafely.C.Drugabuseisamajorcauseofunemployment.D.Therearegreateconomiclossesbecauseofdrugabuse.29.TheStateofCaliforniaison____C________.A.theAtlanticCoastB.theGulfofMexicoC.thePacificCoastD.CarribeanSea30.DuetohisfirmbeliefinnonviolentpeacefulprotestinthespiritofIndia'sleaderGandhi,__D____wasawardedtheNobelPeacePricein1964.A.JohnF.KennedyB.JamesFarmerC.EllaBakerD.MartinLutherKing,Jr.31.Threeofthefollowingchangesamongmanyblackstookplaceafterthe1960s.WhichofthemisNOTtrue?____A______A.BlacksfeltmoreandmoreconfidentthattheywouldbefullyintegratedintothemainstreamofAmericanlife.B.Blacksfeltthattheblackcommunityoughttocoexistwithothergroups.C.Blacksfeltthat"blackisbeautiful".D.Blacksfeltmoreandmoreproudofthemselves.32.ThemainmountainrangeinthewestofU.S.stretchingfromtheCanadianbordertoNewMexicois__D_______.A.theAppalachianMountainsB.theRockyMountainsC.theGreenMountainsD.theBlueRidgeMountains33.Oneoftheoldesttowns(landedin1513)intheU.Sis___D_____.A.NewYorkB.BostonC.PhiladelphiaD.St.AugustineD.BothAandC.34.WhichofthefollowingisNOTapowerofthepresident?__C______a.ThepresidentcanvetoanybillpassedbyCongress.b.Thepresidenthastheauthoritytoappointfederalfudgeswhenvacanciesoccur.c.Thepresidentcanmakelaws.d.Thepresidenthasbroadpowers,withtheexecutivebranch,toissueregulationsanddirectivesregardingtheworkofthefederaldepartments.35.WhichofthefollowingisunconstitutionalintheUnitedStates?___C_____a.Catholiccanbuildtheirownschoolsandhospitals.b.Non-CatholicscangotoCatholic-runschools.c.Publicmoneyisprovidedtosupportreligiousschools.d.Womenhavetherighttoabortion.36.ThreeofthefollowingauthorsareNobelPrizewinnersforLiterature.Whichoneisnot.___D_____a.ErnestHemingwayb.EugeneO’Neillc.WilliamFaulknerd.F.ScottFitzgerald37.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?___C_____a.TheNorthernstateshadoutlawedslaveryby1830.b.SlaverywasfinallyabolishedintheSouthin1865.c.TheNorthernstatesdidnothaveracialdiscrimination.d.SegregationlawscontinuedtobeenforcedinSouthernstatesuntilthe1950s.38.WhichofthefollowingstatesrefusedtoparticipateintheConstitutionalConvention?___B_____a.Virginiab.RhodeIslandc.NewYorkd.Maryland39.TheUnitedStateswasrated___C_____intheworldintermsoflandareaandthesizeofpopulation.a.secondb.thirdc.fourthd.fifth40.ThemainmountainrangeinthewestofUSstretchingfromtheCanadianbordertoNewMexicois_____B______.a.TheAppalachianMountainsb.theRockyMountainsc.theGreenMountainsd.theBlueRidgeMountains41.IntheUnitedStatesschoolsystem,whichofthefollowingdivisionistrue?___C_____Elementaryschool,grammarschoolb.Elementaryschool,juniorhighschoolElementaryschool,secondaryschoold.Juniorhighschool,seniorhighschool42.TheexpenditureinAmericanpublicschoolsisguidedby____D_______.a.studentsb.headmastersc.teachersd.boardsofeducation43.Threeofthefollowinguniversitieshavelargeendowmentsfromwealthybenefactors.Whichistheexception?___A______a.TheStateUniversityofNewYorkb.YaleUniversityPrincetonUniversityd.HarvardUniversity44.DuetohisfirmbeliefinnonviolentpeacefulprotestinthespiritofIndia’sleaderGandhi,__D______wasawardedtheNobelPeacein1964.a.JohnF.Kennedyb.JamesFarmerc.EllaBakerd.MartinLutherKing,Jr.45.Threeofthefollowingchangesamongmanyblackstookplaceafterthe1960s.WhichofthemisNOTtrue?____A________a.BlacksfeltmoreandmoreconfidentthattheywouldbefullyintegratedintothemainstreamofAmericanlife.b.Blackfeltthattheblackcommunityoughttocoexistwithothergroups.c.Blacksfeltthat“blackisbeautiful”d.Blacksfeltmoreandmoreproudofthemselves46.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?____C________TheNorthernstateshadoutlawedslaveryby1830.b.SlaverywasfinallyabolishedintheSouthin1865.c.TheNorthernstatesdidnothaveracialdiscrimination.d.SegregationlawscontinuedtobeenforcedinSouthernstatesuntilthe1950s.47.Theonegroupwithinthecounterculturebestknownfortheirpursuitofhappinessastheironlygoalinlifewascalled____C________.a.the“BeatGeneration”b.the“LostGeneration”c.the“Hippies”d.the“MeGeneration”48.Oneoftheoldesttowns(landedin1513)intheUSis___D_____.a.NewYorkb.Bostonc.Philadelphiad.St.Augustine49._____A______hasvestigesofoldSouthernplantation.a.NewOrleansb.SanFranciscoc.LosAngelesd.SanDiego50.O.J.Simpsonusedtobeawell-knownathletewhoplays____A_____.a.footballb.basketballc.baseballd.ice-hockey51.Inthe1920s,anewanddistinctivestyleofpianoplayingcalled“stride”pianoemergedin_____A________.a.HamletinNewYork.b.SanFranciscoinCaliforniac.ChicagoinIllinoisd.Nashville,Tennessee52WhichofthefollowingwasNOToneofthethreeforcesthatledtothemoderndevelopmentofEurope？__C____.A．TheReligiousReformationB．ThegrowthofcapitalismC．ThespiritualleadershipofRomanCatholicChurchD．TheRenaissance53．ThefollowingwerethemainReformationleadersexcept___B___.A．JohnCalvin B．MartinLutherKingC．TheEnglishKingHenryVIII D．MartinLuther54．Whichofthefollowingistheonlybranchthatcanmakefederallaws,andlevyfederaltaxes？___A___.A．Thelegislative B．TheJudicialC．Thepresident D．Theexecutive55．TheNewDealwasstartedby___B___.A．GeorgeWashington B．FranklinRooseveltC．ThomasJefferson D．J.F.Kennedy56．The“Americansystem”ofmassproductionwasfirstusedin__B____.A．a(chǎn)griculture B．firearmsindustryC．carindustry D．textileindustry57．Serviceindustrydoesn’tinclude___C___,A．managementconsultation B．a(chǎn)irlineC．steel-making D．banking58．WhichofthefollowingisNOTregardedasoneofthethreebasicreligiousbeliefs？___D___A．Catholic B．ProtestantC．Judaism D．Islamic59．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE？___C___A．ManyevangelicalProtestantsdonotobjectabortion.B．ManyCatholicsarenotopposedtoabortion.C．LiberalprotestantsandJewsjoinnon-believersinmaintainingthatabortionisabasicrightforwomen.D．OrthodoxJewsareforabortion.60．WhichofthefollowingwaswrittenbyThoreau？_B_____A．Nature B．WaldenC．TheScarletLetter D．TheFalloftheHouseofUsher61．Whitman’spoetryhasthefollowingcharacteristicsexcept__D____A．longirregularlines B．celebratingtheAmericanspiritC．free-flowingstructure D．fragmentedhauntingimages62．Thereasonwhymanyyoungpeoplewereinvolvedinthesocialmovementsofthe1960swasthat__A____.A．theyresentedtraditionalwhitemalevaluesinU.S.societyB．theythoughttheyknewbetterthantheirteachersC．theyviewedtheadultworldwithgravedoubtD．theyloveAmericasomuch63．Theonegroupwithinthecounterculturebestknownfortheirpursuitofhappinessastheironlygoalinlifewascalled__C____.A．the‘BeatGeneration’ B．the‘LostGeneration’C．the‘Hippies’ D．the‘MeGeneration’64．WhichofthefollowingusedhumanbeingsasguineapigstotestdrugsincludingLSD？____D__.A．TheFBI B．CongressC．RichardNixon D．TheCIA65．Threeofthefollowingfactorscontributetothehigherarrestamongminoritygroups.__A____A．Povertyandunemploymentamongminoritygroups.B．Lowsocialstatusofthesegroups.C．Theaggressivenatureofthesegroups.D．Racialprejudiceagainstthem.66．Whenwasvoiceandmusicfirsttransmittedoverradio？__C____A．In1901 B．OntheNewyear’sEve1905C．OnChristmasEve1905 D．Attheendof19thcentury67．__C____madethefirstliquidpropellantrocket.A．J.RobertOppenheimer B．U.S.militaryC．RobertH.Goddart D．NaziGermany68．__C____hasvestigesofoldSouthernplantations.A．LosAngeles B．NewOrleansC．SanFrancisco D．SanDiego69．TheGraniteStateintheU.S.is___D___.A．Florida B．HewHampshireC．NewYorkState D．Pennsylvania70.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTwrittenintotheConstitutionin1787except_____D________.A.

theBillofRightsB.

theJudicialreviewC.

thepoliticalpartysystemD.

thepowerofthepresident71.

WhichofthefollowingwasNOTaProtestantdenomination?__B____A.

TheBaptists.B.

TheCatholics.C.

TheMethodists.D.

ThePresbyterians.72.

MarkTwin’sworksarecharacterizedbythefollowingexcept___B___.A.

senseofhumorB.

egotismC.

jokesD.

talltales

73.

AhistoricalmomentofthecivilrightsmovementswastheMarchonWashingtonofAugust28,1963when____C_________deliveredhis“IHaveaDream”speech.A.

JohnF.KennedyB.

PresidentJohnsonC.

MartinLutherKing,Jr.D.

MarioSavio74.

WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtotheWhite—collarcrime?__D_______A.

briberyB.

taxevasionC.

falseadvertisingD.

robbery75.

DrugabuseintheUnitedStatesisasocialproblembecauseithasawiderangeofsocialcosts.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadysfunctioncausedbydrugabuse?____C______A.

Thereisastrongassociationbetweendruguseandcrime.B.

Drugdependencetakesasignificanttollintermsofpersonalhealthandsafety.C.

Drugabuseisamajorcauseofunemployment.D.

Therearegreateconomicslossesbecauseofdrugabuse.76

____B______ledtotheendofthePonyExpressSystem.A.

TelephoneB.

TelegraphC.

Railroad.D.

Steamboat.77.

____C_______madethefirstdesktopPC.A.

BillGatesB.

IBMC.

TwoyoungamateurinventorsD.

AppleComputers78

ThecomplexdrummingintherhythmsectionofearlyjazzmusicwasbroughtovertoAmericaby_______B________.A.

SpanishmissionariesfromEurope.B.

BlackslavesfromWestAfrica.C.

BritishcolonistsfromAsia.D.

theCreolefromtheWestIndia.79．WhichofthefollowingAmericanvaluesdidNOTcomefromPuritanism?____A___________.A.

SeparationofstateandchurchB.

RespectofeducationC.

IntolerantmoralismD.

Asenseofmission80.

WhofirstcameandsettledCanada?_____B______A.

BritishcolonistsB.

FrenchcolonistsC.

AmericancolonistsD.

Spanishcolonists81.WhichofthefollowingprovincesaredenselypopulatedinCanada?____B_______A.

SaskatchewanandOntarioB.

OntarioandQuebecC.

ManitobaandSaskatchewanD.

QuebecandManitoba82.WhatistheotherofficiallanguagebesidesEnglishinCanada?____C_______A.

GermanB.

JapaneseC.

FrenchD.

Finnish83.OneofthehistoricalreasonsthatleadsCanadatoempathizingwiththeproblemstheThirdworldcountriesfaceontheirwaytoindependenceis:__A_________A.

itscolonialpastB.

itsimperialistpastC.

itsfeudalpastD.

itssocialist—orientedeconomy84.InwhichperiodhaveCanada’smostfamousandsuccessfulwritersappeared?___A________A.

post—warperiodB.

periodofnation—buildingC.

earlycolonialperiodD.

pre—EuropeanperiodII.Fillintheblanks.Exercise1:ThefirstSecretaryofTreasuryoftheUnitedStateswasAlexanderHamilton.ThemajorityofCatholicsintheU.S.aredescendentsofimmigrantsfrom__22__,Italyand___23__.TheCivilRightsmovement,togetherwiththeyourhanti-warandthewomen’smovementduringthe1960shadbeendeeplyrootedinU.S.history.Someoftheprogramstoequalizeeducationalopportunitiesforallgroupswarecalled26__intheU.S.WashingtonIrvingandJamesFennimoreCooperarethetwomajorwritersofthepost-RevolutionaryperiodintheU.S.By1955,morethantwomillionveteransofWorldWarⅡandoftheKoreanWarhadusedtheirBillofRightstogotocollege,astheybelievedthatacollegedegreewouldimprovetheirchancesforagoodjobinthepostwareconomy.ThetwomajorpoliticalpartiesintheU.S.aretheDemocraticParty,whichisthoughttobemoreliberal,andtheRepublicationParty,whichisbelievedtobemoreconservative.ThelargestoftheracialandethnicminoritiesintheUnitedStatesisblackwhomakeupabout12percentofthepopulation.Exercise2TheNewWorldofAmericawaspeopledasaresultoftwolong-continuingimmigrationmovement,thefirstonefromAsiaandthesecondonefromEuropeandAfricaThebest-knownstockexchangeisNewYorkStockExchangelocatedinWallstreetareaofNewYorkCity.ThefirstCatholicpresidentintheU.S.wasJ.F.KennedyJohnSteinbeck'sTheGrapesofWrathwasaportraitofapoorfamilyduringtheperiodoftheDepressionT.S.Eliot'slongpoemTheWasteLandrevealedapessimisticviewofpost--WorldWarIsociety.Hedominatedtheso--calledModernmovementinpoetry.ThegoalofeducationintheUnitedStatesistoachieveuniversalliteracyandprovideindividualswiththeknowledgeandskillsnecessarytopromotethewelfareforindividualsandthegeneralpublic.ThecentralpartofacomputerwherethetransistorsareincorporatedtogetherwithnowiringiscalledchipExercise3:Canada'spoliticalsystemwasgreatlyinfluencedbythetwomajorforeignforces:BritainandAmerica.America’smoviesaremostlymadeinHollywood_,nearthecityof_NosAngles_inSouthCalifornia.MartinLutherwasthefirsttostarttheReligiousReformationandthenextimportantleaderoftheReformationwasJohnCalvinTheCongressisdividedintotheHouseofRepresentativeswith435memberswhoservetwo-yearterms,andtheSenatewith100lawmakerswhoservesix--yearterms.PublicandprivatecollegesdependonthreesourcesofincomeintheU.S.studenttuition,endowmentsand_governmentfunding____Inthesummerof1963,hundredsofthousandsofpeacefuldemonstrators,marchedtoWashingtonD.C.,where_MartinLutherKing,Jr.__gavethefamous(32)"IHaveaDream"speech.Exercise4TwomostimportantprinciplesoftheHolyExperimentwerethespiritoflibertyandequalityandseparationofstateandchurch.ThecitywheretheDeclarationofIndependencewassignedandwheretheU.SConstitutionwasmadeisPhiladelphia.TonyMorrisonwontheNoblelPrizeforLiteraturein1993,thefirstAfro-Americanwritertoreceivethishonor.EveryStateinAmericahasitsownlawsabouteducationandallstatesrequireyoungpeopletogotoschool.Thus,everychildinAmericaisguaranteedupto13yearsofeducation.In1964,PresidentJohnsonsignedtheCivilRightsLawpassedbyCongresstoimprovetheracialrelations.Americansocietyisastratifiedoneinwhichpower,wealthandprestigeareunequallydistributedamongthepopulation.Thetwomostwell-knowncomputercompaniesareIBMandApple;nowthelargestsoftwarecompanyisMicrosoftwhosedirectorisBillGates.III.Answereachofthequestionsinonefullsentence.1．WhatarethemajorworksofHenryJames?Justlisttwo.TheAmerican.PortraitofaLady.2.WhowasthemainauthorofDeclarationofIndependence?ThomasJefferson.3.WhatisthemaindutyoftheU.S.Congress?ThemaindutyoftheU.S.Congressistomakelaws,includingthosewhichlevytaxesthatpayfortheworkofthefederalgovernments.4.HowmanystateswerewhentheUnitedStatementofAmericawasfounded?13states.5.WhatarethethreebranchesoftheU.S.government?Theyarelegislativebranch,executivebranchandJudicialbranch.6.WhatisthesymboloftheDemocraticparty?ThesymboloftheDemocraticpartyisthedonkey.7.WhatwasHenryJamesmainlyinterestedinwritingabout?HewasinterestedinwritingaboutthedivergencebetweenAmercianandEurpeancluture.8.WhatdoesWASPstandfor?Itstandsfor“WhiteAnglo-SaxonProtestant”.9.WhatisKuKluxKlan?Itisasecretteamfoundedafterthecivilmovement.10.WhatarethetwomajorpoliticalpartiesintheUnitedStates?TheDemocraticPartyandtheRepublicationParty.11.Whatisthebest--knownstockexchangeintheUnitesStates?NewYorkstockexchange.12.WhichnovelwrittenbyF.ScottFitzgeralddescribesyouth'sgoldendreamturningintodisappointment?TheGreatGatsby.13.Whatdoes"FBI"standfor?Itstandsfor“FederalBureauofInvestigation”.14.WhatwasthefamousspeechdeliveredbyMartinLutherKing,Jr.inAugust,28,1963?“Ihaveadream”15.WhichchurchdothemajorityofAmericansbelongto?TheProtestantChurch.16.WhowastheauthorofLeavesofGrass?WaltWhitman.17.Whatdoes"K"standsforinthetermof"Kto12education"?Itstandsfor“Kingdergarten”.18InSouthernstatesofth