高一英語語法直接引語變成間接引語句子結構變化

直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語的句子構造的變化1)陳說句Hesaid,"IhavebeentotheGreatWall.-------------HesaidtousthathehadbeentotheGreatWall.用連詞that指引，that在口語中常省略。主句的謂語動詞可直用接引語中的said,也可用told來取代，注意，可以說saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that，不行直接說toldthat2)一般疑問句Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?”Heasked(me)whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.間接引語用連詞whether或if指引，原主句中謂語動詞said要改為asked(me/him/us等)，語序是陳說句的語序3)特別疑問句Hesaidtome,“What'syourname?------Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.本來的疑問詞作為間接引語的連詞，主句的謂語動詞用ask(sb.)來表達，語序改為陳說句語序4)選擇疑問句Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench—------HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.用whetheror??表達，而不用ifor?；?也不用eitheror祈使句假如直接引語是祈使句，間接引語要用不定式的復合構造改，即改為：tell(ask,order,warn,advise等)sb.(not)todosth.女口：Thepolicemansaidtothechildren,“Don'tplayfootballinthestreet.”-----?Thepolicemantoldthechildrennottoplayfootballinthestreet.“Listentomecarefully,please.theteachersaidtous.-----?Theteachertoldustolistentohimcarefully.【溫馨提示】假如祈使句中出現(xiàn)了please,在間接引語中一定省略。6)嘆息句假如直接引語是嘆息句，變間接引語時，用what,how或that來引述。如：“Whatabeautifulhouseitis!”hesaidtome.___Hetoldmewhatabeautifulhouseitwas.-----?Hetoldmethatitwasabeautifulhouse..指引詞的選擇及語序1.陳說句：S+V+that+陳說語序(S+V)“Thatisthetrouble”,saidBill.改為：Billsaid___________________________thetrouble.【注】：that可省略，但假如是兩個或兩個以上的賓語從句并列，則第二個that不行省略。Hetoldme(that)hehadfinishedhisworkandthathewouldliketohaveaholiday.2.一般疑問句：S+V+if/whether+陳說語序(S+V)Heasked,“Areyouleavingtonight?”改為：Heaskedus__________________________leavingthatnight.3.特別疑問句：S+V+what/who/which/whose/when+陳說語序(S+V)“Whydidyoulockthedoor?”fathersaidtoAnne.改為：FatheraskedAnne_____________________________________thedoor.4.祈使句：S+V+sb.todo/nottodo(1)表示"命令”：tell,order,command表示"懇求”：ask,beg,request表示"建議”：advise,suggestn.時態(tài)的一致1.主句是過去時，變間接引語時，從句時態(tài)向“過去”退一步直接引語間接引語一般此刻時一般過去時此刻進行時過去進行時過去進行時不變一般過去時過去達成時過去達成時不變一般未來時過去未來時直接引語間接引語Iworkhard.Hesaidthathehard.Iamworkinghard.Hesaidthathehard.Iwasworkinghard.Hesaidthathehard.Iworkedhard.Hesaidthathehard.Ihadworkedhard.Hesaidthathehard.Iamgoingtoworkhard.Hesaidthathehard.Don'tmakenoiseinthelibrary.theteachersaidtothestudents.改為：Theteacherthestudents________noiseinthelibrary.但要注意在以下幾種狀況下。在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)一般不變化①直接引語是客觀真諦。"Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth,theteachertoldme.fTheteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth。②直接引語是過去進行時，過去達成時，過去未來時，時態(tài)就不變。如：Jacksaid."John,wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?"fJackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet。③直接引語中有詳細的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。如:XiaoWangsaid."IwasbornonApril21,1980。"fXiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980。④直接引語假如是一般此刻時。表示一種頻頻出現(xiàn)或習慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態(tài)不變。如：Hesaid,"Igetupatsixeverymorning。"fHesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning。⑤假如直接引語中的神態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式(例：oughtto,hadbetter,usedto)和已經是過去時的形式時，(例：

could,should,would,might)不再變。如：Petersaid."Youhadbettercomehavetoday。"fPetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday。川.人稱及狀語的變化人稱變化：“一主二賓三不變”(直接引語中若出現(xiàn)第一人稱則看主句主語，第二人稱看主句賓語，第三人稱不必變)試察看：Shesaidtohim,“Iamveryhungry.”改為：Shetoldhimthatshewasveryhungry.Shesaidtohim,“Youareverynice.”改為：Shetoldhimthathewasverynice.Shesaidtohim,"Lilyisverynice.”改為：ShetoldhimthatLilywasverynice.2.狀語與限制詞變化：“這這那那，來往來去”直接引語間接引語thisthatthesethosenowthentodaythatdaytomorrowthenextday/thefollowingdayyesterdaythedaybefore/thepreviousdaynextyear/week/monthlastyear/night/week

thenextyear/week/monththeyear/night/weekbeforeagobeforeheretherecomegoIputthekeyonthistableyesterday.改為：___________________________________________________IV.Exercise一.改寫句子（把直接引語改為間接引語）"Iamhavingsupper,”hesaid.改為：Hesaidthat_________________havingsupper."I'veseenthefilm,”Ginasaidtome.改為：Gina________methat____________________________thefilm."Iwenthomewithmysister,”shesaid.改為：Shesaidthat__________________________homewithhersister.4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.”改為：Theteachersaidthatthesun_________biggerthanthemoon."Imetheryesterday,”hesaidtome.改為：Hetoldmethathe_________________her______________________6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive,”hesaid.改為：HesaidthatI________togo________beforefive.7.“Wereyoubornin1979?”hesaid.改為：He_________me_________I________bornin1979.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”改為：He_________』mthathe___________________________.9.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?”改為：Heaskedhismother_____________________________________it.10.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?”heasked.改為：Heaskedme__________________________been_________days.11.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?”heasked.改為：Heasked_________________knewwhereshe_________.12.“Keepquite,children.”hesaid.改為：He_________thechildren__________________quite.13.“Don'tlookoutofthewindow,”shesaid.改為：She________me____________________________outofthewindow.14.“Areyouinterestedinthis?hesaid.改為：He__________________Iwasinterestedin_________二.句子翻譯：湯姆說他20XX年加入了這家駕駛俱樂部。他告訴我他把書落在房間里了。凱特問我當日夜晚能否陪她看電影。我的小學英語老師常說勤能補拙。媽媽問我是怎么修睦我的單車的。老師讓學生們別浪費自己的時間。她說她在等車的時候就讀完那本書了。警察問那個人前天夜晚他在公園里都干了些什么。他說他求職時已經告訴他們他的故事了。將軍命令全部士兵立刻上前線。.Keys:.1.thatthatwaswhether/ifwewerewhyshehadlockedtold,nottomaken.2.thattheearthgoesthatshewashehasbeenmarriedExercise:.1.hewastoldshehadseenshehadgoneishadmet;thedaybeforehad;there;asked;if/whether;wastold;couldsittherehowshehadfoundwhereIhad;thoseif/whetherI;livedtold;tokeeptold;nottolookaskedif/whether;that1.Tomsaidthathejoinedthedrivingclubin2009.Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.Kateaskedmeif/whetherIwouldgotothecinemawithherthatevening.MyEnglishteacherintheprimaryschooloftensaidthatpracticemakesperfect.MymotheraskedmehowIhadrepairedmybike.Theteachertoldthestudentsnottowastetheirtime.Shesaidshehadfinishedreadingthebookwhileshewaswaitingforthebus.Thepolicemanaskedthemanwhathehaddoneintheparkthenightbefore.Hesaidthathehadtoldthemallabouthisstorywhenheaskedforajob.Thegeneralorderedallhissoldierstogotothefrontlineatonce.課后練習:I.將所給直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語,每空一詞:1."Inevereatmeat.hesaid.Hesaidthatnmeat.ever2."I'vefoundmywallet.”hesaidtome.Hemethathewallet.3."Itookithomewithme.id.”shesaShesaidthatithomewithher.4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.Theteachersaidthatthesunintheeastanddowninthewest.5."Imetheryesterday.dtomeesaiHemethathemettheday6."Youmustcomeherebeforefive.”hesHidsaidthatItogobeforefive.7."Iboughtthehouse10yearsago.”heHaislaidthatheboughtthehouse10years8.“Didyouseeherlastweek?hesaid.HeIhadseenhertheweek9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.HeJimthathesitthere10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?Heaskedhermotherfoundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?heHekeskedbeedays.men12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?”heaskHd.askedknewwhereshe13.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.Hehe_aidthechildrenmakingsomuchnoise.14."Don'ttellhimthenews.”shesaid.Shetoldmehimthenews.15.“Areyouintestedinthis?”hesaid.HeIwasinterestdin從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出能夠填入空白處的最正確選項。1.HeaskedmeIwouldgotoBeijingbyairthenextday.D.how2.—Joyce,pleasedon'topenthewindow.—Pardon?'Bttellyounotto'D.toldyounottoA.tellyoudonC.toldyoudidn3.Hetheydidn'tstartearlytheywouldntcatchthefirstbus.openthewindow.4.Heaskedfortheviolin.（北京5.Theteacheraskedussomuchnoise.2003）A.don'D.nottomaketkmawithme6..ThedoctoraskedmewhatD.wrongwas7.HeaskedtheboywhereC.hism