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SectionI:StructureandVocabulary

Ineachsentence,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedatthecemarked.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET(15points)

Theylosttheirwayinthe ,and mademattersworsewasthatnightbegantofall.

that

it

what

which

myreturn,IlearnedthatProfessorSmithhadbeenattheMuseumandwouldnotbebackforseveralhours.

At

On

With

During

Anyonewhohasspenttimewithchildrenisawareofthedifferenceinthewayboysandgirlsrespondtosituations.

similar

alike

same

likely

Thereisnotmuchtimeleft;soI’ll lyouaboutit .

indetail

inbrief

inshort

inall

Inthisfactory,suggestionsoftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforetheyarefully .

admitted

acknowledged

absorbed

considered

Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened, asuddenloudnoise.

beingthere

shouldtherebe

therewas

therehavingbeen

Bytheyear2000,scientistsprobably acureforcancer.

willbediscovering

arediscovering

willhavediscovered

havediscovered

Jimisn’t ,buthedidbadlyinthefinalexamslastsemester.

gloomy

dull

awkward

tedious

Theboyslippedoutoftheroomandheadedfortheswimmingpoolwithouthisparents’ .

command

conviction

consent

compromise

Hehad onthesubject.

aratherstrongopinion

ratherstrongopinion

ratherthestrongopinion

theratherstrongopinion

WhenJanefelloffthebike,theotherchildren .

werenotabletohelplaughter

couldnothelpbutlaughing

couldnothelplaughing

couldnothelptolaugh

Itisbettertodieonone’sfeetthan .

livingonone’sknees

liveonone’sknees

onone’sknees

toliveonone’sknees

Themostimportant ofhisspeechwasthatweshouldallworkwholeheartedlyforthepeople.

element

spot

sense

point

Thiswatchis toalltheotherwatchesonthemarket.

superior

advantageous

super

beneficial

Inatyphoon,winds aspeedgreaterthan120kilometersperhour.

assume

plish

attain

assemble

theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.

Inspiteof

Butfor

Becauseof

Asfor

Mary myletter;otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.

hasreceived

oughttohavereceived

couldn’thavereceived

shouldn’thavereceived

tospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.

Hardlyhadhebegun

Nosoonerhadhebegun

Notuntilhebegan

Scarcelydidhebegin

Annawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,comple y totheoutsideworld.

beinglost

havinglost

losing

lost

Themenwentintoaction theyheardthealarm.

promptly

presently

quickly

directly

ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound inthewoodsoffthehighway.

vanished

abandoned

scattered

rejected

Dresswarmly, you’llcatchcold.

onthecontrary

orrather

orelse

innoway

Ourresearchhasfocusedonadrugwhichisso astobeabletochangebrainchemistry.

powerful

influential

monstrous

vigorous

Bobwascomple y bytherobber’sdisguise.

takenaway

takendown

takento

takenin

Difficultiesandhardshipshave thebestqualitiesoftheyounggeologist.

broughtout

broughtabout

broughtforth

broughtup

Ourmoderncivilizationmustnotbethoughtofas inashortperiodoftime.

beingcreated

tohavebeencreated

havingbeencreated

tobecreated

Eveniftheyareonsale,theserefrigeratorsareequalinpriceto,ifnotmoreexpensivethan, attheotherstore.

anyone

theothers

that

theones

Thebankmanageraskedhisassistantifitwaspossibleforhimto theinvestmentnwithinaweek.

workout

putout

makeout

setout

Heknowslittleofmathematics,and ofchemistry.

evenmore

stillless

noless

stillmore

Thestudentsexpectedthere morereviewingclassesbeforethefinalexam.

is

being

havebeen

tobe

SectionII:ReadingComprehension

Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Forachquestionfouranswersaregiven.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(30points)

Textl

Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing.So,asaofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.

DayafterdaymymenandIstruggletoholdbackatidalwaveofcrime.Somethinghasgoneterriblywrongwithouronce-proudAmericanwayoflife.Ithashappenedintheareaofvalues.Akeyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhatitis:accountability.

Accountabilityisn’thardtodefine.Itmeansthatevery isresponsibleforhisorheractionsandliablefortheirconsequences.

Ofthemanyvaluesthatholdcivilizationtogether--honesty,kindness,andsoon--accountabilitymaybethemostimportantofall.Withoutit,therecanbenorespect,notrust,nolaw--and,ultimay,nosociety.

Myjobasaofficeristoimposeaccountabilityonpeoplewhorefuse,orhaveneverlearned,toimposeitonthemselves.Butaseverymanknows,externalcontrolsonpeople’sbehaviorarefarlesseffectivethan

internalrestraintssuchasguilt,shameandembarrassment.

Fortunaytherearestillcommunities--smallertowns,usually--whereschoolsmaintaindisciplineandwhereparentsholdupstandardsthatproclaim:“Inthisfamilycertainthingsarenottolerated--theysimplyarenotdone!”Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitiesandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening.Yourtypicalrobberhasnone.Heconsidersyourpropertyhisproperty;hetakeswhathewants,includingyourlifeifyouenragehim.

Themaincauseofthisbreak-downisaradicalshiftinattitudes.Thirtyyearsago,ifacrimewascommitted,societywasconsideredthevictim.Now,inashockingreversal,it’sthecriminalwhoisconsideredvictimized:byhisunderprivilegedupbringing,bytheschoolthatdidn’tteachhimtoread,bythechurchthatfailedtoreachhimwithmoralguidance,bytheparentswhodidn’tprovideastablehome.

Idon’tbelieveit.Manyothersinequallydisadvantagedcircumstanceschoosenottoengageincriminalactivities.Ifwethecriminal,evenpartly,fromaccountability,we easocietyofendlessexcuseswherenooneacceptsresponsibilityforanything.

WeinAmericadesperayneedmorepeoplewhobelievethatthe whocommitsacrimeistheoneresponsibleforit.

Whatthewisemansaidsuggeststhat .

it’sunnecessaryforgoodpeopletodoanythinginfaceofevil

it’scertainthatevilwillprevailifgoodmendonothingaboutit

it’sonlynaturalforvirtuetodefeatevil

it’sdesirableforgoodmentokeepawayfromevil

Accordingtotheauthor,ifa isfoundguiltyofacrime, .

societyistobeheldresponsible

moderncivilizationisresponsibleforit

thecriminalhimselfshouldbeartheblame

thestandardsoflivingshouldbeimproved

Comparedwiththoseinsmalltowns,peopleinlargecitieshave .

lessself-discipline

bettersenseofdiscipline

moremutualrespect

lesseffectiveernment

Thewriterissorrytohavenoticedthat .

peopleinlargecitiestendtoexcusecriminals

peopleinsmalltownsstillsticktoolddisciplineandstandards

today’ssocietylackssympathyforpeopleindifficulty

peopleindisadvantagedcircumstancesareengagedincriminalactivities

Thekeypointofthepassageisthat .

stricterdisciplineshouldbemaintainedinschoolsandfamilies

moregoodexamplesshouldbesetforpeopletofollow

morerestrictionsshouldbeimposedonpeople’sbehavior

morepeopleshouldacceptthevalueofaccountabilityText2

Theperiodofadolescence,i.e.,theperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood,maybelongorshort,dependingonsocialexpectationsandonsociety’sdefinitionastowhatconstitutesmaturityandadulthood.Inprimitivesocietiesadolescenceisfrequentlyarelativelyshortperiodoftime,whileinindustrialsocietieswithpatternsofprolongededucationcoupledwithlawsagainstchildlabor,theperiodofadolescenceismuchlongerandmayincludemostoftheseconddecadeofone’slife.Furthermore,thelengthoftheadolescentperiodandthedefinitionofadulthoodstatusmaychangeinagivensocietyassocialandeconomicconditionschange.ExamplesofthistypeofchangearethedisappearanceofthefrontierinthelatterpartofthenineteenthcenturyintheUnitedStates,andmoreuniversally,theindustrializationofanagriculturalsociety.

Inmodernsociety,ceremoniesforadolescencehavelosttheirformalrecognitionandsymbolicsignificanceandtherenolongerisagreementastowhatconstitutesinitiationceremonies.Socialoneshavebeenrecedbyasequenceofstepsthatleadtoincreasedrecognitionandsocialstatus.Forexample,gradeschoolgraduation,highschoolgraduationandcollegegraduationconstitutesuchasequence,andwhileeachstepimpliescertainbehavioralchangesandsocialrecognition,thesignificanceofeachdependsonthesocio-economicstatusandtheeducationalambitionoftheindividual.Ceremoniesforadolescencehavealsobeenrecedbylegaldefinitionsofstatusroles,right,privilegesandresponsibilities.Itisduringthenineyearsfromthetwelfthbirthdaytothetwenty-firstthattheprotectiveandrestrictiveaspectsofchildhoodandminorstatusareremovedandadultprivilegesandresponsibilitiesaregranted.Thetwelve-year-oldisnolongerconsideredachildandhastopayfullfarefortrain,

airne,theaterandmovietickets.Basically,theindividualatthisageloseschildhoodprivilegeswithoutgainingsignificantadultrights.Attheageofsixteentheadolescentisgrantedcertainadultrightswhichincreaseshissocialstatusbyprovidinghimwithmoredomandchoices.Henowcanobtainadriver’slicense;hecanleavepublicschools;andhecanworkwithouttherestrictionsofchildlaborlaws.Attheageofeighteenthelawprovidesadultresponsibilitiesaswellasrights;theyoungmancannowbeasoldier,buthealsocanmarrywithoutparentalpermission.Attheageoftwenty-onetheindividualobtainshisfulllegalrightsasanadult.Henowcanvote,hecanbuyliquor,hecanenterintofinancialcontracts,andheisentitledtorunforpublicoffice.Noadditionalbasicrightsareacquiredasafunctionofageaftermajoritystatushasbeenattained.Noneoftheselegalprovisionsdetermineatwhatpointadulthoodhasbeenreachedbuttheydopointtotheprolongedperiodofadolescence.

Theperiodofadolescenceismuchlongerinindustrialsocietiesbecause .

thedefinitionofmaturityhaschanged

theindustrializedsocietyismoredeveloped

moreeducationisprovidedandlawsagainstchildlaboraremade

ceremoniesforadolescencehavelosttheirformalrecognitionandsymbolicsignificance

Formersocialceremoniesthatusedtomarkadolescencehavegivenceto .

graduationsfromschoolsandcolleges

socialrecognition

socio-economicstatus

certainbehavioralchanges

Noonecanexpecttofullyenjoytheadulthoodprivilegesuntilheis .

elevenyearsold

sixteenyearsold

twenty-oneyearsold

betweentwelveandtwenty-oneyearsold

Startingfrom22, .

onewillobtainmorebasicrights

theolderone es,themorebasicrightshewillhave

onewon’tgetmorebasicrightsthanwhenheis21

onewillenjoymorerightsgrantedbysociety

Accordingtothepassage,itistruethat .

inthelate19thcenturyintheUnitedStatesthedividinglinebetweenadolescenceandadulthoodnolongerexisted

noonecanmarrywithoutthepermissionofhisparentsuntiltheageoftwenty-one

oneisconsideredtohavereachedadulthoodwhenhehasadriver’slicense

oneisnotfromtherestrictionsofchildlaborlawsuntilhecanjointhearmyText3

Mostgrowingntscontainmuchmorewaterthanallothermaterialscombined.C.R.Darneshassuggestedthatitisaspropertotermthentawaterstructureastocallahousecomposedmainlyofbrick--abrickbuilding.Certainitisthatallessentialprocessesofntgrowthanddevelopmentoccurinwater.Themineralelementsfromthesoilthatareusablebythentmustbedissolvedinthesoilsolutionbeforetheycanbetakenintotheroot.Theyarecarriedtoallpartsofthegrowingntandarebuiltintoessentialntmaterialswhileinadissolvedstate.Thecarbondioxidefromtheairmayentertheleafasagasbutisdissolvedinwaterintheleafbeforeitiscombinedwithapartofthewatertoformsimplesugars--thebasematerialfromwhichthentbodyismainlybuilt.Activelygrowingntpartsaregenerally75to90percentwater.Structuralpartsofnts,suchaswoodystemsnolongeractivelygrowing,mayhavemuchlesswaterthangrowingtissues.

Theactualamountofwaterinthentatanyonetime,however,isonlyaverysmallpartofwhatpassesthroughitduringitsdevelopment.Theprocessesofphotosynthesis,bywhichcarbondioxideandwaterarecombined--inthepresenceofchlorophyll(葉綠素)andwithenergyderivedfromlight--toformsugars,requirethatcarbondioxidefromtheairenterthent.Thisoccursmainlyintheleaves.Theleafsurfaceisnotsolidbutcontainsgreatnumbersofminuteopenings,throughwhichthecarbondioxideenters.Thesamestructurethatpermitstheonegas

toentertheleaf,however,permitsanothergas--watervapor--tobelostfromit.Sincecarbondioxideispresentintheaironlyintraceties(3to4partsin10,000partsofair)andwatervaporisnearsaturationintheairspaceswithintheleaf(at80F,saturatedairwouldcontainabout186partsofwatervaporin10,000partsofair),thetotalamountofwatervaporlostismanytimesthecarbondioxideintake.Actually,becauseofwindandotherfactors,thelossofwaterinproportiontocarbondioxideintakemaybeevengreaterthantherelativeconcentrationsofthetwogases.Also,notallofthecarbondioxidethatenterstheleafissynthesizedintocarbohydrates(碳水化合物).

Agrowingntneedswaterforallofthefollowingexcept .

formingsugars

sustainingwoodystems

keegreen

producingcarbondioxide

Theessentialfunctionofphotosynthesisintermsofntneedsis .

toformsugars

toderiveenergyfromlight

topreservewater

tocombinecarbondioxidewithwater

Thesecondparagraphusesfactstodeveloptheessentialideathat .

antefficientlyutilizesmostofthewateritabsorbs

carbondioxideistheessentialsubstanceneededforntdevelopment

antneedsmorewaterthanisfoundinitscomposition

thestrongerthewind,themorethewatervaporloss

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

Themineralelementswillnotbeabsorbedbythentunlesstheyaredissolvedinitsroot.

Thewoodystemscontainmorewaterthantheleaves.

Airexistingaroundtheleafisfoundtobesaturated.

Onlypartofthecarbondioxideinthentsissynthesized.

Thispassageismainlyabout .

thefunctionsofcarbondioxideandwater

theroleofwaterinagrowingnt

theprocessofsimplesugarformation

thesynthesisofwaterwithcarbondioxideSectionIII:CloseTest

Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourchoiceslabeled[A],[B],[C],and[D],choosethebestoneandputyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(15points)

Whenevisionfirstbegantoexpand,veryfewofthepeoplewhohad efamousasradiocommentatorswereabletobeequallyeffectiveonevision.Someofthedifficultiestheyexperiencedwhentheyweretryingto

46 themselvestothenewmediumweretechnical.Whenworking 47 radio,forexample,theyhad e

48toseeingonbehalfofthelistener.

This49ofseeingforothersmeansthatthecommentatorhastobeverygoodattalking.50all,hehastobeableto51acontinuoussequenceofvisualimageswhich52meaningtothesoundswhichthelistenerhears.Inthe53ofevision,however,thecommentatorseeseverythingwiththeviewer.Hisrole,therefore,is

54different.Heistheretomake55thattheviewerdoesnotmisssomepointofinterest,tohelphim

56onparticularthings,andto57theimagesontheevisionscreen.58hisradiocolleague,hemustknowthe59ofsilenceandhowtouseitatthosemoments60thepicturesspeakforthemselves.

[A]turn

adapt

alter

modify

[A]on

at

with

behind

[A]experienced

determined

established

accustomed

[A]efficiency

technology

art

performance

[A]Of

For

Above

In

[A]inspire

create

cause

perceive

[A]add

apply

affect

reflect

[A]occasion

event

fact

case

[A]equally

compley

initially

hardly

[A]definite

possible

sure

clear

[A]focus

attend

follow

insist

[A]exhibit

demonstrate

expose

interpret

[A]Like

Unlike

As

For

[A]purpose

goal

value

intention

[A]if

when

which

as

SectionIV:Error-detectionandCorrection

Eachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedparts.Thesepartsarelabeled[A],[B],[C],and[D].IdentifythepartofsentencethatisincorrectandputyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.Then,withoutalteringthemeaningofthesentence,writedownyourcorrectiononthelineintheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Theseisa[A]delicatebalanceofnaturewhich[B]manysquare ofoceanandvegetationandcleanairareneeded[C]tomaintainonlyarelativelyfew[D]humanbeings.

Theideathat[A]learningisa[B]lifelongprocesshasexpressed[C]byphilosophersandeducationaliststhroughout[D]thecenturies.

Nobodybeside[A]little[B]childrenthinks[C]thatatripbybusisexciting[D].

Justoutside[A]theruinsare[B]amagnificent[C]buildingsurrounded[D]bytalltrees.

Intheteachingof[A]mathematics,thewayofinstructionisgenerallytraditional,with[B]teacherspresentingformal[C]lecturesandstudentstake[D]notes.

Theteacheraskedthem[A]whohadcompleted[B]theirteststoleave[C]theroomasquietly[D]aspossible.

Hewantedmoreoutoflife[A],notjustworkingat[B]high-paid[C]jobsorspendingnightsonthestreetsyinggames[D].

Man[A]hasusedmetalsforcenturiesingradual[B]increasingties,butitwasnotuntiltheIndustrialRevolutionthat[C]theycametobeemployed[D]inrealvastties.

Ifyouwantyourfilmtoproperlyprocess[A],you’llhavetowaitandpickitup[B]onFriday,which[C]is[D]thedayaftertomorrow.

Amancannot[A]bereallyhappyifthat[B]heenjoysngisignored[C]bysocietyasof[D]novalueor

importance.

SectionV:English- Translation

Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesinto .(15points)

Thefactisthattheenergycrisis,whichhassuddenlybeenofficiallyannounced,hasbeenwithusforalongtimenow,andwillbewithusforanevenlongertime.WhetherAraboilflowslyornot,itiscleartoeveryonethatworldindustrycannotbeallowedtodependonsofragileabase.(71)Thesupplyofoilcanbeshutoffunexpectedlyatanytime,andinanycase,theoilwellswillallrundryinthirtyyearsorsoatthepresentrateofuse.

Newsourcesofenergymustbefound,andthiswilltaketime,butitisnotlikelytoresultinanysituationthatwilleverrestorethatsenseofcheapandplentifulenergywehavehadinthetimespast.Foranindefiniteperiodfromhereon,mankindisgoingtoadvancecautiously,andconsideritselfluckythatitcanadvanceatall.

Tomakethesituationworse,thereisasyetnosignthatanyslowingoftheworld’spopulationisinsight.Althoughthebirth-ratehasdroppedinsomenations,includingtheUnitedStates,thepopulationoftheworldseemssuretopasssixbillionandperhapsevensevenbillionasthetwenty-firstcenturyopens.

Thefoodsupplywillnotincreasenearlyenoughtomatchthis,whichmeansthatweareheadingintoacrisisinthematterofproducingandmarketingfood.

Takingallthisintoaccount,whatmightwereasonablyestimatesupermarketstobelikeintheyear2001?

Tobeginwith,theworldfoodsupplyisgoingto esteadilytighteroverthenextthirtyyears--evenhereintheUnitedStates.By2001,thepopulationoftheUnitedStateswillbeatleasttwohundredfiftymillionandpossiblytwohundredseventymillion,andthenationwillfinditdifficulttoexpandfoodproductiontofilltheadditionalmouths.(74)Thiswillbeparticularlytruesinceenergypinchwillmakeitdifficulttocontinueagricultureinthehigh-energyAmericanfashionthatma