教案verbal補(bǔ)充至70篇

43Asuperficialconsideration(表面上考慮)ofbiotechnologywillcommonlypresentanimpressionofethicalneutrality（中立）Onthecontraryhoweveritiscloselyrelatedtofrequentlyingvaluesandaspirations（愿望）ofsociety.Geneticallyfood（轉(zhuǎn)食品）isaparticularlygoodexample,presentingthepotentialtobearresilientandnutritiouscrops（彈性有營養(yǎng)的作物）andthuscontributetothefightworldhungerwhilesimultaneouslyraisingconcernsregardingitslong-termeffectsandenvironmentalethics.Itisthisethicalandscientificcontroversy（爭論）thatultimayledtotherejection()ofgeneticallymodifiedfoodinGeneticallymodifiedfoodcouldhelpnationstofightThedebatesurroundingtheethicsofgeneticallymodifiedfoodcontributedtoitsrejectioninsomecountries.(T)TheriskgeneticallymodifiedfoodoutweighsthepotentialTheEuropeanpopulationismoreconcernedwiththeenvironmentalethicsofgeneticallymodifiedfoodthanothersocieties.(C)44、Organisationsareencouragedtoprovideemployeeswithflexibleworkingthroughwork-lifebalancestrategies,andworkersareincreasinglyattractedtoorganizationsthatoffersuchstrategies.Foremployees,theopportunitytoworkandlife,workcestress,andworkoverload.However,someseniormanagersarereluctantfullysupporttheseinitiativesduetothesubstantial（實(shí)質(zhì)性）costsinvolvedescalate（逐步升高）withstaffnumbers.ThenagainthecostofimplementingflexibleworkingstrategiescanbeCompensated（補(bǔ)償）byareductioninabsenteeismandimprovementsincommitmentandemployeeAlikelyincreaseinemployeemotivationwouldnotbeareasonforanorganizationtoimplementstrategiesaimedatimprovingemployees’work-lifebalance.(F)Thecostofimplementingflexibleworkingstrategiesisnotdependentonthenumberofemployees.(F)Employeeswhohaveflexibleworkinghourswillhavehappierhomelivescomparedtothosewhodonot.(C)45、Horticulturalists（園藝工作者）musttakeintoaccountmanyfactorswhennningthereproduction（繁殖）ofnts.Propagation（繁殖）byseedisthemostcommonmethodemployedasitisrelativelyeasyandhasagoodexpectedrateofgermination（發(fā)芽）althoughthiscandropiftheseedhasbeenpackagedformorethanayearManyseedscanremainviableforupto5yearsifproperlystoredastheirprotectivecoatspreventsprouting（發(fā)芽）untilidealgrowingexist.Externalconditionscanbemanipulated（）inordertobringseedsoutordormancy（休眠）andhasten（加速）germination.However,eveninoptimalconditions,someseedsarereluctanttoThevigilantmanagementofexternalfactorscanbringaseedoutofitsquiescentMosthorticulturalistsarereluctanttontseedsthathavebeenpformorethanayear.(C)Reproducingntsbyseedisthemostcommonactivityforgardeners.(T)Allseedswillgerminate,giventherightenvironmentalconditions.(F)TheproductionofflorainvolvesmanyaspectsforhorticulturaliststoTherateatwhichseedssproutcandeclineafterthefirstyearofbeing46、Increasinglypsychotherapy（心理療法）isbeingshowninrelevantstudiestobeaneffectiveformoftreatmentformentaldisorders（心理失常）initsownrightdespitefrequentclaimsthatevidenceforitseffectivenessinnumberofseriousdisordersisalmosttotallylacking.Moreover,havesuggestedthatacombinationofpsychotherapyandappropriatemedicationmayinthecaseofatleastsomeidentifiablementaldisorders,tosignificantlybetter comparedtothoseinwhichmedicationisappliedwithoutthesupportofpsychotherapy.Thisprovidessupportformental（心理）healthprofessionalstoconsiderpsychotherapywhendecidingonthetreatmentofpatientssufferingfrommentalThereareconditionsforwhichthecombinationofpsychotherapyandmedicationdoesnotimprovethe eincomparisontotheuseofmedicationalone.(C)Itcannotbeconcludedthatpsychotherapycanbeaseffectiveasmedicationinthetreatmentofeveryformofmentaldisorder.(T)Psychotherapy,oftencombinedwithmedication,isusedmoreandmorebymentalhealthprofessionals.(C)Unlesscombinedwithpsychotherapy,medicationisrarelyeffectiveinthetreatmentofmentaldisorders.(C)47、Withtherapidtechnologicaladvancementtoday,bridgesare ingincreasinglymoresophisticated（復(fù)雜精致）,andarespanning（橫跨）significantlygreaterdistances.Earthquakes,howeverremainapotentialthreattotheseimmense（巨大）structuresastheymaydoirreparable（不能挽回）andcostlydamagetoanimportantbridgeAsabridge’smajorvulnerabilitytoearthmovementliesinitssupportivestructures,apromisingsolutionhasbeenfoundtobeaself-anchored（固定）suspension（暫停）bridge.Thisbridgedesignisoneinwhichthepullofthecablesisopposed（）bythepushorthedeck,thuseliminationthesupportinganchorages.Theeliminationoftheanchorageshasbeenaproposedsolutiontothethreatofdamagecausedbyseismicactivity.(T)Theself-anchoredsuspensionbridgeisestablishedsolutiontothethreatofearthquakedamage(T)Earthquakesinevitablycausecostlydamagetothebridge’sstructure.Apossiblesolutiontotheriskofearthquakedamageistheself-anchoredsuspensionbridgeasthesofcablesandtheanchoragesopposeeachother.Modernbridgeshavedifferentstructuralfeaturestothosebuiltbeforethetechnologicaladvancementoftoday.(C)48Althoughthereisnoscientificsupportforthecontention（爭論）thatthephysicalobservedinpalmreading（手相）canenablesomeonetoreada'scharacter,ordivine（占卜）theirfuture.thehumanhanddoesshowevidenceofthe'shealth,cleanliness,occupationandnervoushabits.Examplesofthisincludecalluses（繭）ornailkitingHandsareexaminedinmedicaldiagnosisandprovideclueswithwhichthepalmreadermayoftenastoundtheunsophisticated.Sophisticatedpeopletendnottobeveryimpressedbypalmreaders.(T)Featuresofa'shandmayprovidecluestohislherjob.(T)Handsdonotrevealanythingaboutsomeone'slevelofAninternationalprotocol（協(xié)議）onclimatechangeratified（批準(zhǔn)）bytheEU（歐盟）,Japan,Canada,andnowRussia,aimstoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandprevent（預(yù)防）themoreseriousramifications（衍生）ofglobalwarming.Currentattentionisfocusedonthedevelopmentofthatwillgiveuslow-costrenewableenergyovertheshortandlonger-term.Thiswillprovidetheeconomicincentive（刺激）torecefossilfuelsindevelopedandcountries,leadingtoamorepervasively（普遍）low-carboneconomyThisis（重要）ifwearetoslowtherateofclimatechangewhichcanhavedevastating（毀滅）effectsontheflora（植物）andfauna（動物）ofourBeforetheprotocolforclimatechangewassanctioned,therewaslessinterestinrenewableenergysources.(C)ThecurrentFocusoftheinternationalprotocolonclimatechangeistoenhancethedevelopmentofcheap.carbon-basedenergysources.(F)Theconsequencesofglobalwarmingarelikelytoaffectdevelocountriesmorethandevelopedones.(C)Climatechangeislikelytohaveanequallynegativeeffe比onntsandFormanyyears,manufacturingpracticesremaineddevoid（缺乏）ofThatis,themid-1990s,whentrendsinmodernmanufacturingcreatedavirtualrevolution.Thiswasdrivenbyeconomicsurvival,globalcompetitionandrapidlychangingcustomermarkets.Theseexternalsledtotheintroductionofproductionmethodssuchasjust-in-timeinventorycontrol,advancedmanufacturingtechnology,andintegratedmanufacturingsystems.Thesepracticesmeantthatmanufacturerscouldremainresponsivetomarketconditionsandproduceitemswhichmetcustomers'needsthesenewinnovationshavenotnecessarilymeantthatthequalityanddurability（耐久性）ofproductshaveAllmanufacturershaveintroducednewproductionpracticestoIntroducingjust-in-timeinventorycontrolisthebestwaytoremainresponsivetomarketdemands.(C)Manufacturerswhodonottakeupmodernmanufacturingmethodswillnotautomaticallyproduceinferioritems.(C)52AnxietiesaboutairandwaterpollutionDesertification（沙漠化）andresourcedepletion（消耗）arenothingnewItisincreasinglyacceptedthatthehumanimpactontheenvironmentisIntensifying（加?。ヽompoundedbypopulationgrowth.Theincreasingpaceofeconomiclifeandthespreadofpollutantsfartheircesoforigin.Newscientificevidence-globalclimatechangechangestoozone（臭氧）intheupperatmosphereandthereductionofbiodiversitycontributestothegrowingconcernInadditionhighlypublicized（宣傳）environmentaldisastershaveledthepublictoconcludethattheverylicensetooperateconferredonstakeholdersinbusinessmightbeinfringed（）bytheenvironmentalimpactofNewscientificevidencehasmerelyconfirmedwhatwasalreadyRestrictingpollutantstotheirceoforiginmakesnodifferencetotheimpactofhumanactivityontheenvironment.(C)Businessesthatdonotaddresstheiradverseimpactontheenvironmentruntheriskofrecrimination.(T)53lackofwaterisanever-worseningglobalcrisis,withoverfortypercentoftheworld’spopulationnowsufferingfromregularandsevere（嚴(yán)峻的）watershortage.Increasesinpopulationmeanthatthereislesswateravailablepercapita.Inaddition,pollution-relatedglobalwarmingismakingsomecountries,whichwerealreadyshortofwaterevenhotteranddrier(干燥的).Demandforwaterisdoublingeverytwentyyearandtherearepredictionsthat,inthenationsmaygotowartofightforitsOilshortages,morethanalackofwater,arelikelytoresultinwar.Neitherclimatechangenorpopulationexpansionareexacerbating()thewatershortageproblem.(F)Somecountriesarenotaffectedbyglobal54,Genuinealtruism（真實(shí)的利他主義）,whendefinedas‘selflesshel ’,hasbeenshowninrecentyearstobeamostelusive（難懂）,indeedparadoxical（ concept.Infact,somepeoplenowviewitassomekindofidealthatneverreallyexisted.Howcouldanybodybeentirelyselflessandhelpwithoutanyexpectationofarewardofsometype?Accordingtosomepeople,thepleasureofhelisitselfitsownreward,whereasothersalsomentionthedispleasurethatwould panyarefusaltohelpsomebodyinneedasthemotiveunderlying（背后）altruisticbehaviorTruebelieverssuggestthataltruism,basedonthenotionofselflesshel,shouldbesomethingthatweall（努力）Wecannowsaythataltruisticbehavior,thatisselflesshel,usedtobebetterunderstoodinthepast.(C)Thereiscurrentlynoconsensus（一致）surroundingthetruemotivesfor（認(rèn)知altruisticHelisnevergenuinely（）Somepeoplemaybeunsureaboutwhethertheirperceivedselflesshelbehaviorisreallyselfless.(T)55,Inmanyorganizations,middlemanagerpositionscanbedifficult,especiallyperiodssignificantchange.Whiletryingtodotheirbesttoimplementchangesimposedbyseniormanagement,theymayrealizethatpromotingtheinterestsoftheorganizationoftenswiththeirownbestinterests,andthoseoftheircolleaguesandsubordinates.Suchcansometimesresultinhighlevelsofadditionalstressforthosemanagers.Noeffectivetothisproblemhasbeenfoundand,ifthewayinwhichmostorganizationsoperatedoeschangeinsomerelevantwaysoon,itislikelythatwewillseeincreaseinabsenteeismturnoveramongstmiddlea)sofinterestarecommonformiddlemanagersduringperiodsoforganizationalMiddlemanagerswhorealizethattheyhavetoimplementchangesthatareimposeduponthemthatarenotinlinewiththeownbestinterest,willalwaysexperiencestressasaresult.(F)Ifthewayinwhichmostorganizationsoperatechangessooninsomerelevantway,itlikelythatwewillseeadecreaseinabsenteeismandturnoveramongmiddleSomemiddlemanagershavetooperateinwaysthatmayinterfere（）with56,Ingeneral,thelongeracustomerstayswitha,themorethatcustomerisworth.Longtermcustomersbuymorewhilstcostinglesstoservicetheytakeuplessofa’stimeandarelesssensitivetopriceTheyarealsomorelikelytobringinothernewcustomers.Seniormanagersusuallygaugeperformanceonthebasisofcashflowandprofit.Theyrarelystudythestatisticthatreflectshowmuchrealvaluetheiscreating-customerretention（保留）.Long-termbusinesssuccessdependsmainlyoncustomerretention.Seniormanagerspaydueattentiontocustomerretention.Long-termcustomerspurchasefewergoodsthannewercustomers.Raisingpriceswilltendtoaffectnewsmorethanexisting57,Theairlineindustryhasalwaysacknowledgedfirst-aid（急救）trainingtobeimperative（必要）fortheirstaff,butwiththeeverincreasingnumbersofpeopletowhomairtravelis ingaccessible,airlinestaffwillneedtobeevenmorealertandbetterequippedtodealwithanymedicalemergencythatmayariseFlightattendants（隨員）mustbeabletoidentifythedetailsand（嚴(yán)重）ofthecrisis,andadministerfirst-aidcalmlyandeffectivelyToensurethattheserequirementsaremet,regularfirst-aidcoursesandemergencyproceduredrills（訓(xùn)練）have ecommonpractiveinthemajorityofairlinecompanies.Thison-goingtraininghasmeantthatairlinestaffcanreactwithgreaterlucidity（清醒）,composure（）andmeticulousness（一絲不茍）everAnincreasingamountofpeopleneedfirst-aidattentionfromairlinestaff.Inthepast,toflywasnotasviableameansoftravelasitistoday.TheentireairlineindustryhasadoptedthepracticeofregularfirstaidtrainingfortheirstaffFTheairlineindustrywillbenefitagreatdealfromtheadditionaltrainingoftheirflightstaff.CRegularfirst-aidtraininghasequippedairlinestafftoreactmore58Amajorconcernisthatglobalisationcontributestopoverty(貧困inequality（不平等）andsocialDisintegration（）byreducingthebargainingpoweroflow-skilledlabouranddecreasingjobsecurity.Thisisbecauseproductionofmanufacturedgoodscanbemovedfromonecountrytoanotherwithrelativeease,butworkersarefarmorerestrictedintheirabilitytocrosscompaniesworkingwithnaturalresourcesforexamples,mining（礦業(yè)）oilandgas,andtreentations–havetomakelong-termworkcommitmentsbecauseofthenatureoftheirTherelativeeaseofrelocatinggoodsproductionacrosscountrieseasespoverty.Skilledworkersarelessrestrictedintheirabilitytocrossborders.Jobsaremoresecureinthenaturalresourcesector.Jobsarelesssecureinthenaturalresourcesector.59,Theexpectthenewfactory,itsfirstinAsia,tobeginproductionearlynextyear,andaimstobuild18,000tractorsduringitsfirstyearofoperation.Fullcapacitywillbeachievedaboutfiveyearslater,bywhichtimeannualoutputwillbeabout40,000tractors,makingitthe’slargestproducerworldwideThemovetoopensuchalargeproductionsite(生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)場stemmed（于）fromtheavailabilityoflabourwithintheregion,lowproductionpositiveinducements（誘因）bytheernmenttoencourageforeigninvestment,goodandtransportlinks,andincreasingdemandfortractors(拖拉機(jī)ThenumberoftractorsrequiredlocallyisontheThewillsentmostofthetractorsitmakesinitsnewntlocally.Communicationlikeswerenotanimportantindecidingwheretolocatethenewfactory.FFullproductioncapacitywillnotbeachievedafterthefirstyearofoperation.CurrentlythehasnoproductionfacilitieswithinAsia.60Crude（天然）oilfromregionsaroundtheDeadSeawasusedasearlyas1000BCforancientEgyptianMummification（木乃伊化）butitwasn’tuntil1853thattheprocessofoildistillation（蒸餾）wasdiscoveredandwesawtheadvent（出現(xiàn)）ofthemodernhistoryofoil.Thefirstoilminewasconstructedthefollowingyear.Oilquicklytookoverfromcoal（煤）astheworld’sprincipalfuelinthemid-1950s.Oilisnowusedtorunthevastmajorityofvehiclesandisakeyingredient（原料）inmanychemicalsusedinindustry.However,concernshavebeenraisedthatasoilisalimitedresource,itsusageasaneconomicallyviableenergysourcewilleventuallycometoanend.Thereisalsoworrythatusingandtreatingoilhasmajorimpactsupontheenvironmentlikethecarbondioxidereleasedwhenitisburntandthecontributionofthistoglobalwarming.Oilistheonlyusedasanenergysource.Thetreatmentanduseofoilmaybebadfortheenvironment.Theprocessofoildistillationwasusedinancienttimes.61,InternetshoppersareatanincreasedriskofbothfraudandtheftduetoanumberofAmongstthemarebothadecreasedinameansofreliableidentificationandanincreaseintheuseofwebsitesformonetary（貨幣）transactionwhetherformonlinereservation（約）,internetbanking,orothertypeofbusiness.Thisfraudisincreasinginseverityandfrequencyinareassuchasfalsebusinesswebsites,esalesandonlineshopandisnowamoreseriousproblemthaneverbefore.Onesolutiontothisproblemwouldbetolimitinternettransactionstowebsitesauthorisedbythebanks.Byrestrictinginternettransactiontoonlywebsitesauthorisedbythebanks,aininternetfraudmightbeseen.Theincreasedriskoffraudandthefttointernetshoppersiswholly（全部）duetoadecreaseinameansofreliableidentificationandanincreaseintheusedofinternetforonline62,Arecentstudyinvestigatingtheeffectsofstressatworkarguesthatstressprogramsshouldbeincludedinallorganisationaldevelopmentsasakeystepinheltofightabsenteeismfromworkandwork-relatedstress.TheConfederation（）Workandstatesthatitisessentialtocounterwork-relatedstresstobeathigherabsenteeismfromandthatmostworkstressarisesfrompoormanagement.Stressmanagementstrategiescurrentlyexcluded（排除）fromorganisationaldevelopmentsbybusinesses,andcompaniesareunlikelytoalloworganisationaldevelopmentintheareaofstressNearlyallbusinessesincorporatestressmanagementstrategiesintheirManysmallerbusinesswillnotpermitsforabsenteeismfromwork.63,Anever-increasingamountoftimeisspenteachyearonstaffassessment,andthecanbenumerous.Anappraisal（評估）canbeinformativesheddinglightonareasgoodperformance;itcanbeconstructiveinthatitcangiveemployeesanopportunitytoconsiderareasfordevelopmentwithinthejob;anditcanalsobemotivatingbyhighlightingthoseskills,andareasofknowledgethattheindividualhasgainedfromthejob.However,frequencyappraisalsisthefocusofcriticismbysomepeople,whostatethatassessmentsdonottakeceatappropriatetimes,imeforanindividualtoaddressperformanceareasintimeforpromotion,andthereforeitislikelythathalfofthetimespentonassessmentisusedThepurposeofstaffappraisalsispurelytoinform.Staffassessmentisoneofthegreatesttimeconsumingaspectsofajob.64Off-shoring（外包）hasbeenadoptedbybanksandotherfinancialorganisationsintheWestsincethe1989’s,butitisonlyinrecentyearsthatithas epopularinotherindustrysectorsasitsfinancialbenefitsovermorelocaloutsourcing（外包） eEvidenceindicatesoff-shore(離岸的，國外的)workershavealowerincidence（發(fā)生率）offailureandcostlesstoemploythanworkersbasedlocally.Off-shoreworkersneedlessfinancialrewards emorecompetent（有能力）thanlocalworkersinashorterspaceoftime.Off-shoringhasonlybeenadoptedinrecentyears.Inthewest,off-shoringwasthemainmethodusedforbankingorganisationsout-sourcingtheirworkinthe1989’s.C65Sincethenumberofsocietiesactivelypromotingenvironmentalawarenesshasescalated（升級）inrecentyears,theimplementation（實(shí)現(xiàn)）ofnsisleadingtoa（一致的）increaseininvolvementHoweversurveydatademonstratesthatonlyoneintwentyinterestedsupportersbothersto（費(fèi)心去）getinvolvedwiththesocietyconcerned.Theinertia（慣性）typicallyreflectsthebeliefthattheircontributionwouldbeinconsequential（不重要）,andtoalesserextentuncertaintyabouttheappropriatechannelstouseThedataalsosuggestedthatinterestedfollowersarelikelytodiscusstheirviewswithotherindividuals.Whilethisisavaluablemeansofpromotingenvironmentalawareness,itwouldbemorebeneficialtogetinvolvedwiththesocietiesUncertaintyovertheappropriatechannelstouseisthemainreasonthatsupportersdonotgetinvolvedinthens.CNowadays,almostallinterestedsupportersgetinvolvedinthe66,Minimumwagepolicies,firstintroducedintheserviceindustryandleadingtoareductioninemployeeexploitationweretheresultofnumerousstudies.Thestudiesconfirmedthatanationalminimumwageisanimportantparameter（參數(shù)）inemployeesecurity,andcompaignerswererewardedwithkeybackingfromworker’sunions.ThisprovidedthesupportrequiredtothroughEmploymentRelationsprogrammesinmanyagriculturalandindustrial（工業(yè)Culminating（達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)）inthecreationoftheLowpaycommissionThishasbeenvitalinattractingcollaborationfrommajorcorporationswhichhavepreviouslyresistedthepressuretoeTheLowPayCommissionhasyedanimportantpartinobtainingsupportfromlargecompanies.CEmployeeexploitationisthekeyconcernofmostworkers’unions.ThecreationoftheLowPayCommissionwasthefirststepintheprocessofandindustrialminimumwages.67Until1995theuseofbicycleshasremainedvirtually（幾乎）staticformanyyears.Howeverinrecentyearsthenumberofpeopleusingbicycleshasgrownwithincreasingpressurefromenvironmentalists,transportagenciesandhealthofficials.Thetrendhasbeentoproducefashionablebicyclesinavarietyofstyles,lightercycles,andmorecomfortablediversityofmodelsh