高中英語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詳細(xì)講解例句

v1.0可編寫可改正一、神態(tài)動(dòng)詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化，不可以獨(dú)自做謂語，只好和行為動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞組成謂語二、神態(tài)動(dòng)詞分為：神態(tài)助動(dòng)詞：can(could)、may(might)、must、haveto(hadto)、oughtto、shall(should)、will(would)12個(gè)半神態(tài)助動(dòng)詞：dare、need、usedto、hadbetter、wouldbetter(5個(gè))三、神態(tài)助動(dòng)詞andcould1)ability：beabletodo/managetodo/succeedindoingsth.armycandefeattheirenemy.armyisabletodefeattheirenemy.armysucceedindefeatingtheirenemy.2)permission:Ismokeherecan’tsmokehere.3)possibility:用在否認(rèn)句、疑問句、嘆息句中-can’tbedonebyhim.當(dāng)被用在必定句中時(shí)，表達(dá)的是理論上的可能性，不波及能否真的會(huì)發(fā)生expertdrivescanmakemistakes.要表達(dá)此刻或許未來的可能性，用may/might或could.mayleaveforBeijingnextmonth.但在特別疑問句中，或與副詞hardly、only等連用的陳說句中表達(dá)可能性只用can/couldcanthenoisebecomingfromcanhardlybethepostman,hecomesonlyinthemorning.有時(shí)會(huì)：theroadcanbeblocked.5)could表示稍微的思疑或委宛的見解I’msorryIcouldn’tlendyouthebooknow.1v1.0可編寫可改正Hisstorycouldbetrue,butIhardlythinkitis.6)could表示委宛的懇求，主要用于疑問句，不用于必定句CouldyoulendmesomemoneyYes,Ican/No,Iamafraidnot.7)could的常用構(gòu)造：could+動(dòng)詞+比較級(jí)“特別，再.....可是了”Itcouldn’tbebetter.Couldn’t+過去分詞+比較級(jí)“特別，再.....可是了”Theycouldn’thavetriedhardertomakemeeelwelcome.Can’t..too..=cannevertoo“不論如何...也不為過,越...越好”Ican’tthankyoutooowemyprogresstoyou.Can’t(help/choose)butdo/canbut+動(dòng)詞原形“不得不，只好”Wecanbutagreewithhim.Can’thelpdoing不由得，不得不Ican’thelplaughingCan’tbe(it)控制不住，沒有方法Itcan’tbehelpedCan’t....without沒有...就不可以O(shè)necan’tsucceedwithoutperseverance.2.mayandmight1)permission:MayIuseyourpenYes,youmay./No,youmaynot.2)Possibility:用于推測(cè)，表示不確立,不用于疑問句中ShemayknowTom’saddress.出現(xiàn)I’m’mnotsure等表示不確準(zhǔn)時(shí)，常用may/might.I’mafraidhemightnotcometoattendthemeetingtoday.從語氣上判斷，may表示的可能性比might大，might更多的表示思疑2v1.0可編寫可改正Hemaybeverybusynow.Hemightbeverybusynow.用于退步狀語從句中Howeverhardyoumaystudy,youcannotmasterEnglishinamonth.用于祈使句，表示祝福Mayyousucceed!5)might常用于表示稍微的責(zé)怪和委宛的懇求Youmightposttheletterformeifyouaregoingnearapostbox.Youmighthaveletmeknowbefore!習(xí)習(xí)用法：mayaswelldo”理所自然，有足夠的原因”ShemaybeproudofhersonMay/might(just)aswelldo=hadbetterdo(最好)Youmightaswellstayathometonight.May/mightaswell+doA+as+do+B”與其做B不如做A”Youmightaswellthrowthemoneyawayaslendittohim.Onemayaswellnotknowathingatallasknowitbutimperfectly3.mustandhaveto表示義務(wù)，必定要，一定Youmustarriveingoodmeetingisveryimportant.表示必定性或難以防止，必定會(huì)，必定會(huì)Allmenmustdie.3)must表示有掌握的推測(cè)，必定是，準(zhǔn)時(shí)Mustdo/mustbedoing/musthavedoneThetallfellowmustbeabasketballplayer.Let’shavemustbestarving.Hemusthavereceivedmuletterwhichhasmailedlastweek.4)must表示非要，偏要，常以第二人稱為主語，意指不耐或令人不快樂的事情，用于其余3v1.0可編寫可改正人稱，表示主語執(zhí)拗，意為恰恰WhymustyoubuythatcarJanewasneverapleasantyoungyougaveheryouradvice,shemustgoanddotheopposite.5）must的三種否認(rèn)形式表示不行能mustbe--can’tbemusthavedone--can’thavedoneYoumusthavemethimbefore.Youcan’thavemethimbefore.表示不用mustdo--neednotto/don’thavetoWemustgetupatsixtomorrowmorning.Wedon’thavetogetupatsixtomorrowmorning.表示決不可以，禁止must--mustn’tYoumustn’tparkyourcarhere.回答以must發(fā)問的句子MustwecleanalltheroomsYes,youmust/No,youdon’thaveto/No,youneedn’t7)must可做名詞，表示一定有的東西，一定做的事Warmclothesareamustinthemountains.8)must和haveto表示一定時(shí)，有一下差異Must表示的是說話人主觀的見解，而haveto則常常重申客觀需要Theplayisnotinteresting,Ireallymustgonow.IhavetoworkwhenIwasyourage.Must一般只表此刻，haveto則有更多的時(shí)態(tài)。Hadto/shall(will)haveto/havehadto/hadhadto兩者的否認(rèn)意義大不同樣，mustn’t表示禁止，禁止don’thaveto不用且didn’thaveto表示的是過去沒有必需做，至于能否已做，要依據(jù)上下文判斷。4v1.0可編寫可改正Youmustn’tgoYoudon’thavetoItwasverykindofyoutodothewashing-up,butyoudidn’thavetodoitoughtto應(yīng)當(dāng)，表示義務(wù)或推測(cè)必定：主語+oughttodosth.否認(rèn)：主語+oughtnottosth./oughtn’ttodosth.疑問：ought+主語+todosth.2）表示推測(cè)時(shí)，與must的差異，must比較必定，坦直。Oughtto沒那么必定，比較含蓄Hemustbehomebynow.Heoughttobehomebynow.5.shallandshould1)shall用在疑問句第一和第三人稱中,表示征采對(duì)方建議Whatshallwedointheevening用在第二第三人稱中，表示說話人的命令，警示或威迫Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkharder.Heshallbepunished.3)在法律、合約、規(guī)章中，不論人稱，一律用shall,表示義務(wù)、規(guī)定、預(yù)知等。Eachcitizenshallcarryhisidentificationcardwhentraveling.Deathiscertaintoall,allshalldie.4)表示勸說、建議、命令時(shí)，與oughtto同義ShouldIopenthewindowYoushouldgotoclassrightaway.Yououghttogotoclassrightaway.5v1.0可編寫可改正5)should表示應(yīng)當(dāng)做時(shí)，有種道義上的責(zé)任Ishouldhelphimbecauseheisintrouble.6)should還能夠表示合理地推測(cè)，且所推測(cè)的幾乎是事實(shí)，所以不是虛構(gòu)語氣Marytookdancelessonsforyears,sheshouldbeanexcellentdancer.7)should表示憂愁，痛惜等情緒時(shí)，有“竟會(huì)，居然”的意思Youcan’timaginethatawell-donegentlemanshouldbesorude.8)should在疑問句中，常與how,why,who連用，表示不合理，難以相信HowshouldIknowWhyshouldhimpublishsuchabook6.willandwould1)will表表示向，夢(mèng)想，信心Iwillneverdothatagain.2）表示推測(cè)，大體，想必=must/should/oughtto指此刻ItwillbesnowinginBeijingnow.表示習(xí)慣時(shí)多用于第三人稱，意為往常，經(jīng)常Hewillsitheretherehourafterhourdoingnothing.4)will表示自然規(guī)律Oilandwaterwillnotmixed.用于對(duì)一個(gè)厭煩的習(xí)慣和無生命體進(jìn)行責(zé)備Jackwillleavethelightsonwhenhe’slastoutoftheofficeWhateverIdo,mycarwon’tstartfirsttimeonthecoldmorning.6)用在if條件句中表表示志，意為insistonIfyouwillgooutwithoutacoat,youwillcatchacold.表示有禮貌的勸止，意為bewillingtoIfwon’tstopsmoking,youcanonlyexcepttohaveabadcough.6v1.0可編寫可改正表示對(duì)未來行為的展望Ifhewon’tarrivebeforeten,there’snopointinorderingmealforhim.7)would能夠表示過去頻頻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種偏向，與usedto不一樣沒有“此刻已無此習(xí)慣”的含義Duringthevacationhewouldvisitmeeveryweek.8)would表示預(yù)計(jì)和猜想Itwouldbetenwhenhelefthome.）would表示謙和的懇求，常用于疑問句Wouldyoutellmethewaytothestation.10)won’t和wouldnot常用于表示“果斷地拒絕”Hewouldnotletmeentertheroom.半神態(tài)助詞1.dare和need的用法1）兩者做神態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用于疑問句、否認(rèn)句和條件從句，dare既可指此刻，也可指去Hedaren’tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,dareheThepresidentwassohot-temperedthatnoonedaretellhimthebadnews.Youneedn’tcomesoearly2)need在做神態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，惹起的問句的回答方式NeedIfinishtheworktodayYes,youmust/haveto/oughtto/shouldNo,youneedn’t/don’thaveto兩者做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，有人稱時(shí)態(tài)數(shù)的變化Daretodosth.Notdare(to)dodoesnotdare(to)answer.Needtodosth此刻7v1.0可編寫可改正Didn’tneedtodosth.過去Willneed未來4）didn’tneedtodo和needn’thavedone前者不用做某事，后者本不用做但實(shí)質(zhì)上已經(jīng)做了Wedidn’tneedtotakewarmsweaters,astheweatherwassogood.Weneedn’thavetakenwarmcouldhaveusedthespaceinourluggageformorebooks!與dare組成的一些習(xí)用語Howdare+句子，表示“竟敢”HowdareyouopenmydrawerwithoutmypermissionIdaresay“我認(rèn)為，我想”Heisnothereyet,butIdaresayhewillcomelatterDon’tyoudare用于警示別人不準(zhǔn)做某事“你敢”Don’tyoudarecomehereagain!2.usedto/hadbetterto/wouldrather的用法）usedto只有過去形式，不用于此刻未來，表以前有某種習(xí)慣Hetoldusheusedtoplayfootballwhenhewasyoung在疑問句中DidyouusetogotheretoseeyourbrotherUsedyoutogotheretoseeyourbrotherYes,Idid/IusedtoNo,Ididn’t/Iusedn’t在否認(rèn)句中Ididn’tusedtogothere.Iusedn’ttogothere.在重申句中Iusedtosmoke,butitwasalongtimeago.Ididusetosmoke,butitwasalongtimeago.在反意疑問句中sheusedtobeveryfat,didn’tshe/usedn’tshe8v1.0可編寫可改正2)hadbetter/bestdo沒有詞形的變化

,主義

youhadbetter

不可以用于對(duì)尊長(zhǎng)Wehadbettergonow）wouldrather，沒有詞形的變化，接原形表示此刻或未來如表示過去的意向可接達(dá)成時(shí)I’drathernothavetoldherthenews.Wouldratherdo....thando...Iwouldratherloseadozencherrytreesthanknowthatyouhavetoldmeonelie神態(tài)動(dòng)詞+達(dá)成式1）couldhavedone用于討論過去的狀況，必定句中表示那時(shí)可能，否認(rèn)句中表示思疑，用于虛構(gòu)語氣表示某事過去可能發(fā)生而實(shí)質(zhì)位發(fā)生，意為“本能夠”Johncouldhavepostedtheletter.Shecouldn’thavedoneit;sheissuchanicegirlTheaccidentcouldhavebeenprevented.注意

canhavedone

僅用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句，表示從此刻的目光看過去而couldhavedoneCanshehavegotthebook

還能夠表示從過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間段看以前發(fā)生的事情Heaskedtoseehisexampaper,feelingsurethathecouldn

’thavemadesuchamistake.2)may/mighthaved