高中英語刷題首秧基礎(chǔ)練能力練Unit4AstronomythescienceofthestarsSectionⅢGrammar含解析新人教必修3

SectionⅢGrammar[基礎(chǔ)題]Ⅰ單句語法填空1．________theuniversebeganwiththe“BigBang”hasbeenwidelyaccepted.答案：That2．Ithasbeenproved________havingabalanceddiethelpstokeephealthy.答案：that3．________weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.答案：How4．________isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.答案：It5．________madetheparentsproudwas________theirsonhadbeenadmittedtoakeyuniversity.答案：What;that6．Ithink________impressesmeabouthispaintingisthecoloursheuses.答案：what7．________theirflightwillarriveontimeis________theyareconcernedabout.答案：Whether;what8．SteveJobshasgonebut________hehasleftbehindistrulyextraordinary.答案：what9．Whenandwhyhecamehere________notknownyet.答案：is10．Helefthomeseveraldaysago.________hehasgoneworriesmanypeopleand1istobefoundout.答案：WhereⅡ單句改錯(cuò)1．Whenwillwesetoffisstillunderdiscussion.__________________________________________________________________答案：willwe→wewill2．Whatheneedsmostaremoney.__________________________________________________________________答案：are→is3．Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldhavenotbeendecided.__________________________________________________________________答案：have→has4．Thatthecoalworkersarestillaliveareawonder.__________________________________________________________________答案：第二個(gè)are→is5．Whatwecanraiseourproductionremainsaproblem.__________________________________________________________________答案：What→How[能力題]Ⅰ閱讀理解A2Theearthistheonlyplanetthathavelifewhiletheotherplanetsdon't?

scientiststhinkhaslife.WhydoestheearthForonethingP，theearthhastherighttemperature.Asthe_third_planetfromthesun,theearthseemstobejusttherightdistanceaway.TheplanetswhichareclosertothesunaresohotthattheirsurfacesbakeW1inthesun.Thefarthestplanetsarecoldballs.Whentheearthdeveloped—whichscientistsbelievemayhavehappenedabout4billionyearsago—oceans.Watermadeitpossibleforplantstogrow.Theplantscreatedoxygenintheatmosphere.Oxygenisthegasthathumansandanimalsbreathe.Onlyoneotherplanetinthesolarsystemseemstobesomethingliketheearth.ThatplanetistheMars.TheMarsissmallerthantheearth,anditisquiteabitcooler.Butitisnottoocoldforhumans.Onsomedays,thetemperatureisaslowasawinterdayinthenorthernUnitedStates.Ifyouworeaspecialspacesuit,youcouldwalkaroundontheMars.Youwouldhavetobringyourownairtobreathe,becausetheairontheMarsistoothintobreathe.TheMarshasthelargestvolcano(火山)inthesolarsystem.Itissixteenmileshigh.Thehighestvolcanoontheearthisfivemileshigh.ThemostunexpectedW2sightontheMarsisdried-upriverbeds.ScientistsbelievethattheMarswasoncemuchbetterthanitisnow.DoesthismeantherecouldhavebeenlivingthingsontheMars?Scientistsarenotsure,buttherehasbeennosignsofar.1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhytheearthhaslife?3A．Theearthhastherighttemperature.B．ThevolcanosontheeartharelowerthanthoseontheMars.C．Thereisoxygenintheatmosphereoftheearth.D．Theearthseemstobejusttherightdistanceawayfromthesun.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文中提到地球是科學(xué)家以為的獨(dú)一有生命存在的太陽系行星，其原由包含地球溫度適合、距太陽距離適中和大氣里含有氧氣等。B項(xiàng)火山與此沒關(guān)。2．Theunderlinedphrase“thethirdplanet”inthefirstparagraphrefersto________.A．theSunB．theMoonC．theEarthD．theMars答案：C詞義猜想題。依據(jù)畫線詞后的“theearthseemstobe...”可知，距離太陽第三遠(yuǎn)的行星指的是地球。3．WhatcannotweconcludefromthepassageabouttheMars?A．TherecouldhavebeenlivingthingsontheMars.B．TheMarshasthelargestvolcanointhesolarsystem.C．ThereisalmostnooxygenintheairontheMars.D．TheMarsissmallerthantheearth,anditisquiteabitcooler.答案：A推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到火星上有干枯的河床的跡象，但這一點(diǎn)其實(shí)不能證明火星上存在生命，因?yàn)槠駷橹惯€沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)生命跡象，故A項(xiàng)所述從文章中沒法推測(cè)出來。其余三項(xiàng)都與文章符合。4．Whichofthefollowingisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheEarthB．TheMoonC．PlanetsintheSolarSystemD．TheMarsisMostLiketheEarth4答案：D標(biāo)題判斷題。文章先說明地球上存在生命的原由，又對(duì)照了火星和地球，說明火星是與地球最相像的行星。D項(xiàng)作標(biāo)題最為適合。W要點(diǎn)單詞1．bakev.烘烤2.unexpectedadj.未預(yù)想到的P要點(diǎn)短語foronething一方面BSpaceiswhereourfutureis—tripstotheMoon,Marsandbeyond.Mostpeoplewouldthinkthatasidefromcometsandstars,thereislittleelseoutthere.But,sinceourspacejourneystartedwehaveleftsomuchtrashtherethatscientistsarenowconcernedthatifwedon'tcleanitupP，wemayallbeingreatdanger.Thefirstpieceofspacejunkwascreatedin1964,whentheAmericansatelliteVanguardIstoppedoperatingandlostitsconnectionwiththegroundcenter.However,sinceitkeptorbitingaroundtheEarthwithoutanyresults,scientistsbecameincreasinglycomfortableabandoningW1thingsthatnolongerservedanyusefulpurposesinspace.Itissaidthattherearenowover500,000piecesofman-madetrashorbitingtheEarthatspeedsofupto17,500milesperhour.Thejunkvariesfromtinypiecesofpaintchippedoffrocketstocameras,hugefueltanks,andevenodditemslikethemillion-dollartoolkitthatastronautHeidemarieStefanyshynPiperlostduringaspacewalk.Themajorproblemwiththespacetrashisthatitmayhitworkingsatellitesanddamagetravelingspaceship.Moreover,piecesofjunkmaycrashwitheachotherandbreakintopieceswhichfallbacktotheEarth.Toavoidthis,scientistshaveinventedseveralwaysforclearingthesky.GroundstationshavebeenbuilttomonitorW2largerpiecesofspacetrashtopreventthemfromcrashingintoworking5satellitesorspaceshuttles.Futureplansincludeacooperativeeffortamongmanynationstostoplitteringinspaceandtocleanupthetrashalreadythere.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了太空被人類航空荒棄物污染的現(xiàn)狀，各國(guó)開始重視太空垃圾造成的問題以及帶來的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和危害并著手解決這一問題。5．Whatwasthefirstpieceofman-madespacetrash?A．Acamera.B．Atoolkit.C．Afueltank.D．Abrokensatellite.答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段首句可知，第一片人造太空垃圾是一個(gè)壞了的衛(wèi)星，應(yīng)選D。6．WhywerescientistsNOTconcernedaboutspacetrashinthebeginning?A．Itnolongerservedanyusefulpurposes.B．ItwasmillionsofmilesawayfromtheEarth.C．Itdidnotcauseanyproblems.D．Itwasregardedassimilartocometsandstars.答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段第二句可知，科學(xué)家最先沒相關(guān)懷太空垃圾，是因?yàn)樗鼪]有造成任何問題，應(yīng)選C。7．Whatcanweconcludefromthepassageaboutspacejunk?A．Itishuge,heavymachines.B．Itneverchangesposition.C．ItfloatsslowlyaroundtheEarth.D．Itmaycauseproblemsforspaceshuttles.答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段第一、二句并聯(lián)合選項(xiàng)可知，太空垃圾可能會(huì)給航天飛機(jī)帶來問題。應(yīng)選D。8．Whathasbeendoneaboutthespacetrashproblem?A．Scientistshavecleanedupmostofthetrash.6B．Largepiecesofspacetrasharebeingcloselywatched.C．Manynationshaveworkedtogethertostoppollutingspace.D．Groundstationsarebuilttohelpstorethetrashproperlyinspace.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段第三、四句可知，現(xiàn)階段比較大的太空垃圾正在被嚴(yán)實(shí)監(jiān)控，應(yīng)選B。W要點(diǎn)單詞1．a(chǎn)bandonv.扔掉2.monitorv.監(jiān)控；監(jiān)督P要點(diǎn)短語cleanup清理Ⅱ語法填空“DriveMyCar”wasapopularsongfromtheBritishbandtheBeatles.__1__songwasfirstreleasedinBritainin1965ontheBeatles'album“RubberSoul”.Earlierthatsameyear,thenewsmediareportedthatJohnLennonpassedhis__2__(drive)test.Withinhours,manycardealersshowedupoutside__3__home.Eachhopedtopersuadethestarthattheircarwastheoneforhim.JohnLennondecidedonabrightblueFerrari330GTCoupe.OfficialssayJohnLennonownedthecarforlessthatwork__5__(do)inthe1990storeturnthecartoits__6__(origin)condition.__7__theFerrariwasLennon'sfirstcar,itwasnothismostfamous.Heisprobably__8__(well)knownforhismulti-coloredRollsRoycePhantomVlimousine.ThatcariscurrentlyondisplayattheRoyalBCMuseuminVictoria,BritishColumbia.Theyputthecarondisplayeveryyearforafewmonthsduringthewinter.7Theyareunabletokeepthecarondisplayallyearlongbecause__9__itslargesizeandthelargecrowdsthatcometosee__10__.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________1．The考察冠詞。這里特指前面提到的那首歌，用定冠詞the。2．driving考察非謂語動(dòng)詞。drivingtest意為“駕駛執(zhí)照考試”。3．his考察代詞。這里指“在Lennon的家外面”，用形容詞性物主代詞his。4．what考察主語從句的連結(jié)詞。It為形式主語，真實(shí)的主語為后邊的從句，what在從句中充任主語。whathappened意為“發(fā)生了什么事”。5．wasdone考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。這里的suggest意為“表示”，不用虛構(gòu)語氣；依據(jù)inthe1990s可知用一般過去時(shí)，work與do之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。6．original考察詞性變換。這里用形容詞修飾名詞condition。7．Though/Although考察連詞。句意：只管Ferrari是Lennon的第一輛車，可是它不是他最有名的(一輛)。由句意可知，此處表退步，故用Though/Although。8．best考察副詞的最高等。bebestknownfor意為“因?yàn)樽顬橛忻薄?．of考察介詞。becauseof為固定詞組，意為“因?yàn)?，因?yàn)椤保筮吔用~或名詞詞組。10．it考察代詞。這里指上文提到的那輛車，用代詞it來指代。Ⅲ短文改錯(cuò)8WiththeNationalCollegeEntranceExamdrawsnear,Ifeelmoreandmorenervously.Iknowthatmyparentsdependonmyselftorealizetheirdream.Overthepastfewyears,Ihadbeenworkinghardsoastoliveuptheirexpectations.IknowhowdisappointingtheywillbeifIshouldfailtheexam.Iaskedmyteacherforsomeadvices.Hesa