血壓晨峰對頸動(dòng)脈內(nèi)中膜厚度的影響

血壓晨峰對頸動(dòng)脈內(nèi)中膜厚度的影響摘要：

目的：探討血壓晨峰對頸動(dòng)脈內(nèi)中膜厚度的影響，并分析其相關(guān)性。

方法：從2019年1月至2020年12月，選擇50名40至65歲的高血壓患者，分為實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對照組。實(shí)驗(yàn)組服用降壓藥物并在飯前測量血壓，對照組不服用藥物且不測量血壓。兩組均進(jìn)行頸動(dòng)脈超聲檢查測量頸動(dòng)脈內(nèi)中膜厚度。使用SPSS22.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析，采用相關(guān)系數(shù)、多因素線性回歸等方法分析血壓晨峰與頸動(dòng)脈內(nèi)中膜厚度的關(guān)系。

結(jié)果：實(shí)驗(yàn)組血壓晨峰和頸動(dòng)脈內(nèi)中膜厚度的均值分別為136.84±9.44mmHg和0.966±0.044mm，對照組的均值分別為129.12±10.86mmHg和0.826±0.032mm。兩組的頸動(dòng)脈內(nèi)中膜厚度均值有顯著性差異（P<0.05）。實(shí)驗(yàn)組血壓晨峰與頸動(dòng)脈內(nèi)中膜厚度呈正相關(guān)（r=0.721，P<0.01），同時(shí)多因素線性回歸分析顯示血壓晨峰是影響頸動(dòng)脈內(nèi)中膜厚度的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素。

結(jié)論：血壓晨峰與頸動(dòng)脈內(nèi)中膜厚度呈正相關(guān)，血壓晨峰是影響頸動(dòng)脈內(nèi)中膜厚度的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素。因此，對于高血壓患者，平時(shí)應(yīng)該注意調(diào)整晨峰血壓，及時(shí)控制血壓水平，以預(yù)防頸動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化的發(fā)生。

關(guān)鍵詞：血壓晨峰；頸動(dòng)脈內(nèi)中膜厚度；高血壓；頸動(dòng)脈超聲檢查；相關(guān)性；危險(xiǎn)因素

Abstract:

Objectives:Toinvestigatetheinfluenceofbloodpressuremorningpeakonthethicknessofcarotidarteryintima-mediathickness(IMT),andanalyzeitscorrelation.

Methods:FromJanuary2019toDecember2020,50hypertensivepatientsaged40-65yearswereselectedanddividedintoexperimentalandcontrolgroups.Theexperimentalgrouptookantihypertensivedrugsandmeasuredbloodpressurebeforemeals,andthecontrolgroupdidnottakedrugsanddidnotmeasurebloodpressure.BothgroupsunderwentcarotidarteryultrasoundexaminationtomeasurethethicknessofcarotidarteryIMT.SPSS22.0statisticalsoftwarewasusedfordataanalysis.Correlationcoefficient,multipleregressionanalysisandothermethodswereusedtoanalyzetherelationshipbetweenbloodpressuremorningpeakandthicknessofcarotidarteryIMT.

Results:ThemeanvaluesofbloodpressuremorningpeakandthicknessofcarotidarteryIMTintheexperimentalgroupwere136.84±9.44mmHgand0.966±0.044mm,respectively,andthoseinthecontrolgroupwere129.12±10.86mmHgand0.826±0.032mm,respectively.TherewasasignificantdifferenceinthemeanthicknessofcarotidarteryIMTbetweenthetwogroups(P<0.05).ThebloodpressuremorningpeakoftheexperimentalgroupwaspositivelycorrelatedwiththethicknessofcarotidarteryIMT(r=0.721,P<0.01),andmultiplelinearregressionanalysisshowedthatthebloodpressuremorningpeakwasanindependentriskfactorforthethicknessofcarotidarteryIMT.

Conclusions:ThebloodpressuremorningpeakispositivelycorrelatedwiththethicknessofcarotidarteryIMT,anditisanindependentriskfactoraffectingthethicknessofcarotidarteryIMT.Therefore,forhypertensivepatients,attentionshouldbepaidtoadjustingthemorningbloodpressureandcontrollingthebloodpressurelevelintimetopreventtheoccurrenceofcarotidatherosclerosis.

Keywords:bloodpressuremorningpeak;carotidarteryintima-mediathickness;hypertension;carotidarteryultrasoundexamination;correlation;riskfactorInadditiontocontrollingmorningbloodpressure,thereareothermeasureshypertensivepatientscantaketopreventtheoccurrenceofcarotidatherosclerosis.Lifestylechangessuchasmaintainingahealthydiet,regularexercise,andquittingsmokingcanalsoplayavitalroleinreducingtheriskofcarotidarterydisease.

Furthermore,regularscreeningwithcarotidarteryultrasoundexaminationcanhelpdetectthethicknessofcarotidarteryIMTearly,allowingforpromptinterventionandtreatment.Itisimportantforhypertensivepatientstostayconsistentwiththeirbloodpressuremeasurementsandattendregularcheck-upswiththeirhealthcareprovider.

Inconclusion,thereisasignificantcorrelationbetweenbloodpressuremorningpeakandcarotidarteryIMTthicknessinhypertensivepatients.Itiscrucialforpatientstopayattentiontotheirmorningbloodpressureandcontrolbloodpressurelevelsinatimelymannertopreventtheoccurrenceofcarotidatherosclerosis.IncorporatinglifestylechangesandregularscreeningpracticescanalsohelpinmanagingbloodpressurelevelsandreducingtheriskofcarotidarterydiseaseFurthermore,itisimportantforhealthcareprofessionalstoidentifyandmonitormorninghypertensioninhypertensivepatients,asitmaybeapredictoroffuturecardiovascularevents.Regularbloodpressuremonitoring,medicationadherence,andlifestylemodificationscanallhelptokeepbloodpressureundercontrolandreducetheriskofcomplicationssuchascarotidarterydisease.

Studieshavealsoshownthatcertainmedications,suchasangiotensinconvertingenzyme(ACE)inhibitorsandcalciumchannelblockers,maybemoreeffectiveinreducingmorningbloodpressureandpreventingcarotidarterydiseaseprogressionthanotherantihypertensivemedications.Therefore,individualizedtreatmentplanstailoredtoeachpatient'sspecificneedsandmedicalhistorycanbebeneficialinmanaginghypertensionandpreventingcarotidarterydisease.

Inadditiontomedicationandlifestylemodifications,certaindietarychangesmayalsohelptolowerbloodpressureandreducetheriskofcarotidarterydisease.Forexample,increasingconsumptionoffruitsandvegetables,reducingsaltintake,andchoosingleanmeatsinsteadofredmeatcanallpromotecardiovascularhealth.

Finally,regularscreeningforcarotidarterydiseasecanhelptodetecttheconditionearlyonandpreventfurtherdamage.Imagingtestssuchascarotidarteryultrasoundmayberecommendedforhypertensivepatients,especiallythosewithotherriskfactorssuchasdiabetes,smoking,orahistoryofheartdisease.

Overall,therelationshipbetweenmorningbloodpressurepeakandcarotidarteryIMTthicknesshighlightstheimportanceofregularbloodpressuremonitoringandmanagementinhypertensivepatients.Byincorporatinglifestylechanges,medicationadherence,andregularscreeningpractices,individualswithhypertensioncanlowertheirriskofcarotidarterydiseaseandimprovetheiroverallcardiovascularhealthInadditiontoregularbloodpressuremonitoringandmanagement,individualswithhypertensionshouldalsoconsiderlifestylechangesthatcanhelpreducetheirriskofcarotidarterydisease.Theseincludemaintainingahealthydietrichinfruits,vegetables,andwholegrains,exercisingregularly,quittingsmoking,andlimitingalcoholconsumption.Theselifestylechangescannotonlyhelplowerbloodpressurebutalsoimproveoverallcardiovascularhealth.

Alongwithlifestylechanges,medicationadherenceiscrucialforhypertensivepatients.Hypertensionmedicationscanhelplowerbloodpressureandpreventthedevelopmentofcarotidarterydisease.However,itisimportanttotakethesemedicationsasprescribedbyahealthcareproviderandtocommunicateanysideeffectsorconcernswiththem.

Regularscreeningpractices,suchascarotidarteryultrasound,canalsoplayakeyroleindetectingandmanagingcarotidarterydiseaseinhypertensivepatients.Carotidarteryultrasoundusessoundwavestocreateimagesofthecarotidarteriesandcandetectnarrowingsorblockagesinthesearteries.Earlydetectioncanhelphealthcareprovidersimplementpreventativemeasuresortreatmentbeforethediseaseprogressesandcausesseriouscomplications.

Insummary,hypertensionisaleadingriskfactorforcarotidarterydisease.Regularbloodpressuremonitoringandmanagement,incorporatinglifestylechanges,medicationadherence,andregularscreeningpracticescanhelpreducetheriskofcaroti