2022-2023學年福建省泉州市高三第二次質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語試卷及答案解析

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學年福建省泉州市高三第二次質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）ASTEMInnovative.Eye-opening.Inspiring.Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathconstantlyreshapethecommunitieswelivein.OurSTEMtourschallengestudentstodevelopimaginativesolutionstoglobalproblemsthroughcriticalthinkingandcreativeexpression.HealthSciencesinGreatBritainPagingthenextgenerationofdoctors,nurses,andhealthprofessionals-thistourthroughEnglandandScotlandisforyou.TracetheinnovationsthatshapedBritain’smodernhealth-carelandscape,andparticipateinhands-onworkshopstodiscoverhowreal-lifemedicalcareersoperate.Robotics,Engineering,andtheFutureofCitiesinJapanHometocountlessorganizationsspecializinginroboticsandengineering,Japanisattheforefrontofinnovationinsustainabilityandhumanmobility.Fromhigh-speedsuperconductingmagnetic(磁懸浮)trainstoASIMOtherobot,seehowthefutureofcitiesiscloserthanyouthinkinJapan.YoucantakeaguidedtourofTokyowithaSTEMexpertbeforevisitingotherJapanesecities.AgricultureinIrelandGetyourhandsdirtyasyouexperiencethefarm-to-tablejourney-animportantpartoflifeinIreland-byvisitingavarietyoflocalfarmsaroundthecountry.Learnaboutorganicandsustainablefarmingpractices,theimpactofclimatechangeontraditionalfoodproduction,andhoweachagriculturalproductrequiresspecializedcare.Reef(礁)RegenerationandConservationinAustraliaAstheworld’slargestlivingorganism,theGreatBarrierReefisthefoundationofAustralia’scoastalecosystems.AndTownsville,whichwillserveasyourbaseofoperationsforthistour,isaworld-famouscenterforscientificreefresearchandconservation.Conductafieldsurveywithkoalasandsnorkel(潛水)alongsidetheReef.1.Whichbestsuitsthoseexpectingacareerinmedicine?A.ThetourinGreatBritain. B.ThetourinJapan.

C.ThetourinIreland. D.ThetourinAustralia.2.WhatdoesthetourinIrelandprovide?A.Health-careworkshops. B.Robotprogramingclasses.

C.Laborexperienceinthefields. D.Afieldsurveywithsealives.3.Whoisthetextaimedat?A.Artists. B.Adventurers. C.Volunteers. D.Students.BWhenmostpeoplethinkofdrones(無人機),theythinkoftechnologyandfun.Safetosay,fewpeoplewouldthinkaboutfarming.However,agroupofstudentsfromYorkCollegeofPennsylvaniahavebeenbuildingadronethatwillnotonlyhelplocalfarmersbuttheenvironment,aswell.SamanthaGotwaltandBlaydeReich,twoseniorMechanicalEngineeringmajorsatYorkCollegeinthegroup,bothfoundtheworktobequitefascinating.AccordingtoSamantha,theideacamefromaYorkCollegeprofessor,whohasworkedwithdrones,andwantedtogetstudentsinvolvedwithaprojectbeneficialtothecommunity."Wereallywanttohelpfarmingandagriculture.It'ssuper-importanttoAmericaandoureconomy,"

Blaydesays."Wewanttohelpthesmallerfarmers,andoneoftheperksisnothavingtospendtheirmoneyonfertilizerandpesticides(殺蟲劑)."Theideaistodesignandbuildadronethatwilltakevideoimageryofthefieldstodeterminewhatisneededtoproducethebestcrop,whilesavingmoneyandsparingtheenvironmentbyreducingpollutantsinthewaterrunoff.Ideally,thatdatagainedwillhelpthefarmersbetterdeterminewhatchemicalstheyneed-andwhattheydon't.However,findingtherightequipmentfortheprojectwasachallenge,startingwithwhatdronetheteamwoulddesignforthisparticularusage.Samanthasayssheresearcheddurabilityandcontrolofdronestohelpmaketheproperdetermination."Weareflyingoverthefieldandwewanttohaveenoughefficiencyandgorelativelyslowenoughthatourpicturesturnoutwell—andflylowenoughthatitisnotusingupallofitspower,"shesays."Thefieldsareacouplehundredacres(英畝),soyouneedyourdronetobeabletoflythelengthofthatfield."Blaydesaystheteamcontinuestolearnagreatdealofinformationthatwillhelpthefarmersandtheenvironment.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"perks"inparagraph2referto?A.Challenges. B.Features. C.Benefits. D.Solutions.5.Whatparticularusageisthedronedesignedfor?A.Spreadingproperquantitiesofpesticides.

B.Helpingtodeterminethechemicalsneeded.

C.Assistingtomonitorthestateofcrops.

D.Measuringtheareasofthefields.6.Whattechnicalissueofthedroneshallbetackled?A.Itscameracapacity. B.Itsdatacollectionability.

C.Itsdurabilityandcontrol. D.Itsmaterialandefficiency.7.Whatcanbestdescribethestudents?A.Disciplinedandrealistic. B.Experiencedandreliable.

C.Humbleandreserved. D.Responsibleandcreative.CAUnitedAirlinesflightfromChicagotoWashingtonD.C.madeabitofaviation(航空)historylastDecember,completinga600-miletripthattheairlinehopeswillprovethefirstlegofajourneytoagreenerfuture.Inafirst,oneofthetwoenginesonthe737Max8waspoweredentirelybyfuelmadefromusedcookingoilandwastefatfrombeef,porkandchicken.Refined(提煉)ataSouthernCaliforniaplant,thefuelproducesabout80%lessemissions(排放)thanconventionalaviationfuel.Biofuelhadbeenmixedwithconventionalfuelinthepast,butUnitedAirlinessaidithadneverbeenusedbyitselfintheengineofacommercialflight.TheChicagocarriermadetheflighttoshowtheprogressithasmadetowarditsgoalofgettingridofgreenhousegasemissionsby2050.It'sagoalsharedbytheInternationalAirTransportAssociation(IATA).Fornow,thebiggestchallengeisproducingenoughlow-emission,sustainableaviationfuelthatcanbeusedinexistingcommercialplaneswithoutadjustmenttopowertheworld'sairlines.Theworld'srefineriesnowproduceabout26.4milliongallonsoflow-emission,sustainableaviationfuelayear.Thatisonlyatinypartofthe18.3billiongallonsoffuelburnedbyU.S.carriersalonein2019."Thereisnoquestionthereisachallenge,"GeneGebolys,chiefexecutiveofWorldEnergy,aBostonbiofuelenergycompany,said."It'sallaboutscale(規(guī)模)."WorldEnergy'sParamount,California,facilitynowhasthecapacitytorefinecookingoilandanimalfatinto15milliongallonsofsustainableaviationfuelayear.Thecompanyisinvesting$1.5billiontomodernizethefacilityandenableittoproduceupto370milliongallonsayear."Standingwherewearerightnow,itisgoingtobeanextremelyambitiousgoaltogettonetzeroby2050,"Gebolyssaid."DoIthinkit'spossible?Absolutely."8.WhatistheexperimentofUnitedAirlines?A.Usingfuelfromfatandoilaloneinengines.

B.Refiningcookingoilandwastefat.

C.Mixingbiofuelenergywithconventionalfuel.

D.Developingbiofuel-poweredcarriers.9.Whatbarrierdoesthenewenergypromotionface?A.Thestabilityoftherefinedcookingoil.

B.Thelackofrawmaterials.

C.Thelimitedproductioncapacity.

D.Theenergyconsumptioninproduction.10.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothepopularizationofthenewenergy?A.Favorable. B.Intolerant. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.EnergyCompanyDiscoversaNewGreenFuel

B.GlobalAirlinesPromiseaLow-emissionFuture

C.IsBiofuelEnergyReadyforMassProduction?

D.CouldCookingOilHelpAirlinesReachZeroEmissions?DThefour-dayworkweek'smomenthasarrived.Withanewproposaloflegislation(立法)inAmericatoreducethestandardworkweekfrom40to32hours,awarenessofashorterworkweek—andenthusiasmforitisgaining.Andsoisthedoubtaroundit.InitialdoubtisreasonablesinceAmericanworkculturehasbeenfoundedonconstantworkingandexpectationsforoverachievement.However,iftherewereeveratimefortransformingthinking,thisisit.Thechallengesoverthepastyearshavestrengthenedourmusclesofadaptation.Andthenewpracticeofworkingfromhomeprovedthatwecanadjustquicklytochangingconditions.Four-dayworkweekpilots(試點)areemergingacrosstheglobe,withsomecompaniesnowdecidingtoadoptthepolicypermanently.MicrosoftJapanandKickstarterrepresentjustthegrowingnumberoforganizationsexploringthefour-dayworkweek.Supporterscitemanybenefits,includingimprovedphysicalandmentalhealth,increasedgenderequityandpositiveenvironmentalimpacts.Itiseasytoimaginewhatwemightdowithanadditionalday-off-spendtimewithfamilyandfriends,pursueahobby,sleep.Pilotfindingsshowincreasedproductivityaswell.Manyinfavorofthefour-dayworkweekanticipateamorefulfilledcommunity.Someleaderswillseetheresearchandbelievethatapilotisworthwhile.Otherswillresisttheidea.Theyweretaughtthatfacetimewithemployeesistheonlywaytoensureaccountability(責任心)andproductivity.Lessfacetimecanfeellikealossofcontrol.Whileeachorganizationwillneedtofindwhatworksforthem,doingsocanbeaproductiveexercise.Leaderscanletemployeesworkoutthedetailsratherthan"solving"thechallengefromthetopdown.PerpetualGuardianaskedemployeestoproposetheirownproductivitymeasures,includinghowtoincreaseproductivityandarrangeshifts.Awin,atechfirm,saw80employeesvolunteerfortaskforcestoensurethattheirswitchtoafour-dayworkweekwentsmoothly.12.WhyareAmericansdoubtfulaboutthenewworkweekpractice?A.Therearelimitedlegislationproposalsforit.

B.ItchallengesAmericanworkvalue.

C.Itgoesbeyondtheirstandardworkweek.

D.Therearefewpilotsforitacrosstheglobe.13.Whatisparagraph2mainlydiscussing?A.Americanworkculture.

B.Challengesofthenewpractice.

C.Detailsofthenewworkweekpilots.

D.Thepossibilityofadoptingthenewpractice.14.Whatcanbeachievedbythenewpractice?A.Amorehealthyandefficientsociety.

B.Diversityoforganizationmanagement.

C.Increasedsenseofresponsibility.

D.Morechoicesofcommunityservices.15.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestleadersdo?A.Handlethechallengesfromthetopdown.

B.Allowtheemployeestotrythenewpractice.

C.Workoutdetailedsolutionsfortheorganization.

D.Developmorewaystomeasureproductivity.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）Iwasrecentlyinabusinessmeeting,wheretwomanagersfacedoffwiththeirwildlydifferentopinions.Buttooursurprise,themeetingwentremarkablywell—andallbecauseoneofthemsimplyshowedacalmmaturity(成熟).Hekeptsayingthingslike,"Iabsolutelyseeyourpoint,Jeff,"

and"You'rerightaboutthat.Couldweconsider…?"

(1)

Andthingswentsmoothly.Sowhataremorewaystobringmorecool,collectedcalmintoourlife?Herearesome.?Focusonyourownstuff.Itcanbesoeasytocompareourselvestootherpeopleoverourpaychecks,thecontentsofourclosets,relationshipstatusesetc.Butwhenyourealizethatallthatmattersisyou,youcan'thelpbutjustdoyou.

(2)

?Knowhowtolaughatyourself.JoanRiverssaid,"Lifegoesbyfast.Enjoyit.Calmdown.It'sallfunny."

(3)

Andonceyougettothepointwhereyoucanlaughatyourself,youcanlaughatprettymuchanything.?

(4)

Idon'tthinkthereisanythingmoregrown-upthantaking100percentresponsibilityforyourlife.Noexcusesorexceptions—parental,governmentalorotherwise.Whenyouownyourcircumstancesandyour"stuff"

you'reempowered.?

(5)

Wecanquantifyourcalmbyourabilityto"shakeitoff".Youreallycanchoosetofreeyourselffromanything:aruderemark,adisrespectfromsomeoneyou'veneverliked,apassive-aggressivecolleague...whatever.Whenyoucanshakeallthatoffandjustfocusonthepresentmoment,youkindofhaveitfiguredout.A.Neverreact.B.Don'tblameothers.C.Lifedoesn'thavetobesoserious,doesit?D.Andwhenthathappens,lifegetsawesome.E.Willguiltandregrethaveyoulivinginthepast?F.Hemethiscolleague'sargumentwithabsolutecalm.G.Maturitybeginswhendramaanddissatisfactionend.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共22.5分）Oneday,MargaaskedifIwouldjoinherinhikingtoBaseCampatthefootofMountQomolangmatocelebrateher60thbirthday.I

(21)

theopportunity.WemetourguideAchutPandeyinKathmandu.Hewasamanofjoyand

(22)

,whohadbeentoBaseCampover100times.WhenweleftNamcheBazaar,wetooktheThreeHighPassesroute,whichisless-traveled,longerandmore

(23)

.Thetemperaturesrangedfromtheteenstobelow0°F.Wewerenearly

(24)

.Whenweweredonewithdinner,we

(25)

ourselvestooursleepingbags.Whilewe

(26)

wereabletodownacoupleofeggsandapieceoftoast,thehigherwewent,thelesswe

(27)

.Eventually,itwasalotof

(28)

tojusteatabowlofrice.Thealtitude

(29)

usinotherwaystoo.Asourappetitesslowed,sodidour

(30)

.RenjoLaPass,thefirstpass,wassupposedtotakeeighthours.Ittook12.Achut'sfaithinuswasnever

(31)

.Hegreeteduseachdaywitha

(32)

"goodmorning."Beforewe

(33)

BaseCamp,hecarriedourpacksandskillfullynegotiatedourmoodsandcapabilities.Wetrustedhimashe

(34)

us,confidentandstrong,upanddownicy,

(35)

andsometimesnarrowpaths.ThankstoAchut,Imadeit,at65.21.

A.turneddown B.jumpedat C.lookedfor D.gaveup22.

A.wealth B.honesty C.kindness D.taste23.

A.preferable B.difficult C.crowded D.deserted24.

A.mad B.starved C.desperate D.frozen25.

A.withdrew B.exposed C.helped D.resigned26.

A.gradually B.ultimately C.initially D.obviously27.

A.expected B.rested C.suffered D.ate28.

A.effort B.fun C.fortune D.pressure29.

A.supported B.humbled C.confused D.directed30.

A.growth B.speech C.breathing D.pace31.

A.restored B.tested C.shaken D.rewarded32.

A.cheerful B.unwilling C.calm D.meaningless33.

A.reached B.left C.guarded D.established34.

A.admired B.praised C.guided D.contacted35.

A.straight B.muddy C.smooth D.uneven四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.SpaceStationRiceTestsShowPromiseChineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings(幼苗)onboardtheTiangongspacestation.Therehavebeenotherrice

(1)

(experiment)inspace.ButtheonebeingconductedonTiangongisthefirstof

(2)

(it)kindthataimstoproducethecompletelifecycleoftheplant,whichbeginswithaseedandendswith

(3)

matureplantproducingnewseeds.ChinalaunchedtheWentianspacelaboratoryintoorbitonJuly24.Thespacelab,whichweighs23metrictonsandis17.9meterstall,isthecountry's

(4)

(large)spacecrafttodate.Onboard

(5)

(be)eightexperimentalpayloads,includingtheoneforthericeexperiment."Wewanttoinvestigatehowmicrogravityaffectstheplantfloweringtimeonthemolecular(分子的)level

(6)

whetheritispossibletousethemicrogravityenvironment

(7)

(control)therelatedprocess,"saidZhengHuiqiong,aresearcherattheChineseAcademyofSciences.Floweringisa_

(8)

(vital)importantstageforplantreproductivedevelopment."IfwewanttolandonandexploreMars,food

(9)

(bring)fromEarthisnotenoughfortheastronauts'longjourneyandmissioninspace.Wehavetofindasustainablefoodsource

(10)

long-termspaceexplorations,"Zhengsaid.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、任務型讀寫（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）37.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Oneofthemostdifficultrealitiesabouttheteachingprofessionisthatweseldomknowifwehavemadeadifference.WhenIbecomediscouragedaboutmyjob,mystudentsormyself,Ioftenthinkbacktooneparticulardayofmyteachingcareer.Myfirstyearofteachingwasalmostover.ItaughtjuniorEnglishatMilfordHighSchoolonaone-yearcontract.IhadabrightgroupofstudentsandIwasgratefulforthat.However,astheendoftheschoolyeardrewtoaclose,mystudentscontinuallyaskediftheregularteacherwouldbereturning.Itriedtorespondwithlittleemotion.Deepdown,though,IwasmorebotheredbyleavingthanIadmitted.Finally,thedaycametogivemylastfinalexam.Ipassedtheofficebeforethebellrangandsawacoupleofthestudentsfrommyclass,andIthoughthowdifficultsayinggood-byewouldbe.TheywereagroupwithwhomIcouldjoke,havefunandshareideas.Teachingthemwasapleasure,andweallhadlearnedalotthatyear.But,assuccessfulstudentsdo,theyweremovingontotwelfthgrade,andIdoubtedtheywouldremembermuchaboutmeafterafewmoreyearsoftheiracademiccareersandbusylives.JustaboutthistimeIwasonhalldutyoutsidemyclassroom,andInoticedthecrowdsthinningoutandclassroomdoorsshutting.Ilookedinmyroomtofindonlytwostudentsinattendance.WhenIcommentedthatitwasawfullystrangethattheirclassmatesweresolate,theyagreedandthenquicklyaskedtogetadrinkoutside.Thehallwaywasawfullyquiet.Iwalkeddownthehallseveraltimestoseeifanyonewascoming.Suddenly,Iheardfootstepscomingdownthehall.Iwasannoyedthataftersuchagreatyearwiththesekids,Iwould—ontheirlastdaywithme—havetogivethemalectureaboutresponsibility.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Isighedandthenobservedthemcomingpeacefullytowardsmewithsomethingintheirhands.???????

???????

Istoodaloneoutsidemyclassroomwiththeroses,thinkingabouttheirtouchingwordsonthecards.

???????

???????六、書面表達（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）38.假定你是李華，你校來自新西蘭的交換生Terry發(fā)郵件請你推薦一門特色課程，請你用英文給他回復郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.推薦的課程及簡介；2.推薦的理由。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearTerry,

Yours,LiHua

答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、C、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇應用文。主要介紹了一些學生們可以挑戰(zhàn)的為全球問題制定富有想象力的解決方案的項目。

1.

根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容（召喚下一代的醫(yī)生、護士和衛(wèi)生專業(yè)人員——這趟穿過英格蘭和蘇格蘭的旅行是為你準備的。追蹤塑造英國現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療環(huán)境的創(chuàng)新方法，并參加實踐研討會，了解現(xiàn)實生活中的醫(yī)療職業(yè)是如何運作的。）可知，英國之旅可以提供醫(yī)學相關(guān)內(nèi)容，適合希望從事醫(yī)學職業(yè)的人。故選A。

2.

根據(jù)AgricultureinIreland部分中的Getyourhandsdirtyasyouexperiencethefarm-to-tablejourney—animportantpartoflifeinIreland—byvisitingavarietyoflocalfarmsaroundthecountry.（親身體驗從農(nóng)場到餐桌的旅程——這是愛爾蘭生活的重要組成部分——參觀全國各地的各種當?shù)剞r(nóng)場。）可知，在愛爾蘭，人們可以在農(nóng)場親自動手操作，了解田野中的勞動經(jīng)驗。故選C。

3.

根據(jù)第一段中的OurSTEMtourschallengestudentstodevelopimaginativesolutionstoglobalproblemsthroughcriticalthinkingandcreativeexpression.（我們的STEM旅程通過批判性思維和創(chuàng)造性表達挑戰(zhàn)學生，為全球問題制定富有想象力的解決方案。）可知，本文介紹了一些學生們可以挑戰(zhàn)的項目，推測文章的目標讀者是學生。故選D。

4~7.【答案】C、B、C、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹來自賓夕法尼亞約克學院的一群學生正在建造一架無人機，幫助當?shù)剞r(nóng)民和保護環(huán)境。

1.

根據(jù)劃線詞句子Wewanttohelpthesmallerfarmers,andoneoftheperksisnothavingtospendtheirmoneyonfertilizerandpesticides(殺蟲劑).（我們想幫助小農(nóng)戶，其中一個好處就是他們不用花錢買化肥和農(nóng)藥。）可知，不用把錢花在化肥和殺蟲劑上這應該是好處，由此猜測perks意為“好處，益處”，和C選項“Benefits”同義。故選C。

2.

根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容（他們的想法是設(shè)計和建造一架無人機，它可以拍攝田地的視頻圖像，以確定生產(chǎn)最好作物所需的條件，同時節(jié)省資金，并通過減少水徑流中的污染物來保護環(huán)境。理想情況下，獲得的數(shù)據(jù)將幫助農(nóng)民更好地確定他們需要什么化學品，不需要什么化學品。）可知，無人機的具體用途是幫助確定所需的化學品。故選B。

3.

根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容（然而，為這個項目找到合適的設(shè)備是一個挑戰(zhàn)，首先是團隊將為這種特殊用途設(shè)計什么樣的無人機。Samantha說，她研究了無人機的耐用性和控制能力，以幫助做出正確的決定。）可知，制作無人機遇到了挑戰(zhàn)，需要解決無人機的耐用性和控制能力。故選C。

4.

根據(jù)第二段中的"Wereallywanttohelpfarmingandagriculture.It'ssuper-importanttoAmericaandoureconomy,"

Blaydesays."Wewanttohelpthesmallerfarmers,andoneoftheperksisnothavingtospendtheirmoneyonfertilizerandpesticides(殺蟲劑)."（“我們真的想幫助農(nóng)業(yè)。這對美國和我們的經(jīng)濟非常重要?！薄拔覀兿霂椭∞r(nóng)戶，其中一個好處就是不用把錢花在化肥和農(nóng)藥上。）可推知，他們是有責任心的；再根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容（他們的想法是設(shè)計和建造一架無人機，它可以拍攝田地的視頻圖像，以確定生產(chǎn)最好作物所需的條件，同時節(jié)省資金，并通過減少水徑流中的污染物來保護環(huán)境。理想情況下，獲得的數(shù)據(jù)將幫助農(nóng)民更好地確定他們需要什么化學品，不需要什么化學品。）可推知，他們是有創(chuàng)造力的。故選D。

8~11.【答案】A、C、A、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了去年12月，美國聯(lián)合航空公司從芝加哥飛往華盛頓特區(qū)的航班創(chuàng)造了一段航空歷史，使用生物燃料為飛機的發(fā)動機提供動力，該公司希望這將是通往更綠色未來旅程的第一段。

1.

根據(jù)第二段中的Inafirst,oneofthetwoenginesonthe737Max8waspoweredentirelybyfuelmadefromusedcookingoilandwastefatfrombeef,porkandchicken.（首先，737Max8兩個發(fā)動機中的一個完全由用過的食用油和牛肉、豬肉和雞肉的廢脂肪制成的燃料提供動力。）以及Biofuelhadbeenmixedwithconventionalfuelinthepast,butUnitedAirlinessaidithadneverbeenusedbyitselfintheengineofacommercialflight.（生物燃料過去曾與常規(guī)燃料混合，但聯(lián)合航空公司表示，它從未單獨用于商業(yè)航班的發(fā)動機。）可知，聯(lián)合航空公司的嘗試是在發(fā)動機中單獨使用來自脂肪和油的燃料。故選A。

2.

根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容（目前，最大的挑戰(zhàn)是生產(chǎn)足夠的低排放、可持續(xù)的航空燃料，使其可以無需調(diào)整在現(xiàn)有商用飛機上使用，為世界航空公司提供動力。目前，全球煉油廠每年生產(chǎn)約2640萬加侖低排放、可持續(xù)的航空燃料。這僅僅是2019年美國航空公司燃燒的183億加侖燃油的一小部分。）可知，目前，低排放、可持續(xù)的航空燃料生產(chǎn)量不足，新能源的推廣面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是生產(chǎn)能力有限。故選C。

3.

根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容（“站在我們現(xiàn)在的位置，到2050年實現(xiàn)零排放將是一個極其雄心勃勃的目標，”Gebolys說?！拔艺J為這可能嗎？當然?！保┛芍?，作者在文中介紹了Gebolys的觀點，新能源是可能在2050年實現(xiàn)零排放的，推測作者對于新能源的普及是支持的。故選A。

4.

根據(jù)第二段中的Inafirst,oneofthetwoenginesonthe737Max8waspoweredentirelybyfuelmadefromusedcookingoilandwastefatfrombeef,porkandchicken.（首先，737Max8兩個發(fā)動機中的一個完全由用過的食用油和牛肉、豬肉和雞肉的廢脂肪制成的燃料提供動力。）以及最后一段內(nèi)容（“站在我們現(xiàn)在的位置，到2050年實現(xiàn)凈零將是一個極其雄心勃勃的目標，”Gebolys說。“我覺得有可能嗎？絕對?！保┛芍?，本文主要介紹了聯(lián)合航空公司的一列航班使用用過的食用油和牛肉、豬肉和雞肉的廢脂肪制成的燃料為飛機的發(fā)動機提供動力，這種新能源有可能在2050年實現(xiàn)零排放，所以D項“食用油能幫助航空公司實現(xiàn)零排放嗎？”可以作為文章標題。故選D。

12~15.【答案】B、D、A、B【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。介紹了新的四小時工作周新慣例在社會上引起的懷疑，支持和試點等情況。

1.

根據(jù)第二段第一句InitialdoubtisreasonablesinceAmericanworkculturehasbeenfoundedonconstantworkingandexpectationsforoverachievement.(最初的懷疑是合理的，因為美國的工作文化建立在不斷工作和對超額成就的期望之上。）可知，美國的工作文化其價值觀是“不斷工作，超額成就”，而新的工作周慣例是四天制，這與其原有價值觀相違背，因此美國人懷疑這一新的工作制度。故選B。

2.

根據(jù)第二段第二句However,iftherewereeveratimefortransformingthinking,thisisit.（然而，如果有一個轉(zhuǎn)變思維的時機，那就是現(xiàn)在。）可知，作者認為現(xiàn)在是時候轉(zhuǎn)變原有思維，即原有的工作文化價值觀。故可推測本段主要講述轉(zhuǎn)變思維，適應新的慣例的可能性。故選D。

3.

根據(jù)第四段第一句Supporterscitemanybenefits,includingimprovedphysicalandmentalhealth,increasedgenderequityandpositiveenvironmentalimpacts.（支持者列舉了許多好處，包括改善身心健康、增加性別平等和積極的環(huán)境影響。）和第三句Pilotfindingsshowincreasedproductivityaswell.（試驗結(jié)果表明，生產(chǎn)率也有所提高。）可知，新的工作時長慣例能夠促進身心健康，也能夠提高生產(chǎn)效率，因此整個社會將會更加高效。故選A。

4.

根據(jù)最后一段二三句Leaderscanletemployeesworkoutthedetailsratherthan"solving"thechallengefromthetopdown.PerpetualGuardianaskedemployeestoproposetheirownproductivitymeasures,includinghowtoincreaseproductivityandarrangeshifts.（領(lǐng)導者可以讓員工解決細節(jié)問題，而不是自上而下地“解決”挑戰(zhàn)。新西蘭最大的慈善服務私人機構(gòu)PerpetualGuardian要求員工提出提高自己的生產(chǎn)力措施，包括如何提高生產(chǎn)力和安排輪班。）可知，領(lǐng)導者要讓員工自己解決細節(jié)問題，且以PerpetualGuardian為例，進一步指出員工自己可以提出自己的生產(chǎn)力措施，即老板應該允許員工自己踐行一些新實踐。故選B。

16~20.【答案】F、D、C、B、G【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了可以給我們的生活帶來更多的冷靜和從容的方法。

1.

根據(jù)前文Iwasrecentlyinabusinessmeeting...Hekeptsayingthingslike,"Iabsolutelyseeyourpoint,Jeff,"

and"You'rerightaboutthat.Couldweconsider…?"（最近，我參加了一個商務會議，兩位經(jīng)理針鋒相對，提出了截然不同的觀點。但令我們驚訝的是，會議進行得非常順利——而這一切都是因為其中一人表現(xiàn)出了冷靜成熟的態(tài)度。他一直在說，“我完全明白你的意思，杰夫，”和“你說得對。我們可以考慮……嗎?”）可知，其中一人以絕對冷靜的態(tài)度面對爭論，F(xiàn)項（他以絕對冷靜的態(tài)度面對同事的爭論。）符合語境。故選F。

2.

根據(jù)前文Itcanbesoeasytocompareourselvestootherpeopleoverourpaychecks,thecontentsofourclosets,relationshipstatusesetc.Butwhenyourealizethatallthatmattersisyou,youcan'thelpbutjustdoyou.（我們很容易拿自己的薪水、衣柜里的東西、關(guān)系狀況等與他人比較。但當你意識到最重要的是你自己時，你就會情不自禁地做你自己。）推知，當我們意識到自己是最重要的后，生活會有改變。D項（當這種情況發(fā)生時，生活就變得精彩了。）符合語境

。故選D。

3.

根據(jù)前文JoanRiverssaid,"Lifegoesbyfast.Enjoyit.Calmdown.It'sallfunny."（JoanRivers說過：“生命過得很快。享受它。冷靜下來。一切都很有趣?！保┮约昂笪腁ndonceyougettothepointwhereyoucanlaughatyourself,youcanlaughatprettymuchanything.（一旦你到了可以自嘲的程度，你就可以嘲笑任何事情了。）可知，空處是一個過渡句，是對前一句的進一步說明，并引出下文，所以C項（生活沒必要這么嚴肅，不是嗎？）講述的是抱著愉快的態(tài)度看待生活，是對前文的進一步說明，同時通過反義疑問句，引出下文。故選C。

4.

根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容（我認為沒有什么比對自己的生活承擔百分之百的責任更成熟的了。沒有借口或例外——父母的，政府的或其他的。當你擁有你的環(huán)境和你的“東西”時，你就被賦予了力量。）可知，本段說的是自己去承擔責任，不要責怪他人，所以B項（不要指責他人。）符合語境。故選B。

5.

根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容（我們可以通過“擺脫冷靜”的能力來量化我們的冷靜。你真的可以選擇讓自己從任何事情中解脫出來：一句粗魯?shù)脑?，一個你不喜歡的人的不尊重，一個消極攻擊的同事……無論什么。當你能擺脫所有這些，專注于當下，你就找到了答案。）可知，本段是在講述，當能擺脫一些讓自己不快的事時，就說明你成熟了，所以G項（當戲劇性事件和不滿結(jié)束時，成熟就開始了。）符合語境。故選G。

21~35.【答案】B、C、B、D、A、C、D、A、B、D、C、A、A、C、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者接受朋友Marga的邀請，一起遠足旅行的經(jīng)歷。

1.

句意：我欣然接受了這個機會。A.turneddown拒絕；B.jumpedat欣然接受；C.lookedfor尋找；D.gaveup放棄。根據(jù)下文中的“WemetourguideAchutPandeyinKathmandu.”可知，作者去見向?qū)?，所以作者接受了邀請。故選B。

2.

句意：他是一個快樂和善良的人，去過大本營超過100次。A.wealth財富；B.honesty誠實；C.kindness善良；D.taste品味。根據(jù)下文中的“Beforewe

(13)

BaseCamp,hecarriedourpacksandskillfullynegotiatedourmoodsandcapabilities.”可知，這位向?qū)Ш苡焉?，幫助我們背包，調(diào)節(jié)我們的情緒。故選C。

3.

句意：當我們離開NamcheBazaar時，我們選擇了三高山口路線，這條路線人跡罕至，時間更長，難度更大。A.preferable更適合的；B.difficult困難的；C.crowded擁擠的；D.deserted廢棄的。根據(jù)and前的兩個形容詞“l(fā)ess-traveled,longer”可知，作者他們選擇走的路是條難走的路。故選B。

4.

句意：我們幾乎被凍住了。A.mad瘋狂的；B.starved饑餓的；C.desperate拼命的；D.frozen結(jié)冰的，驚呆的。根據(jù)上文中的“Thetemperaturesrangedfromtheteenstobelow0°F.”可知，氣溫很低，所以我們都被凍僵了。故選D。

5.

句意：我們吃完晚飯，就鉆進了睡袋。A.withdrew撤退；B.exposed暴露；C.helped幫助；D.resigned辭職。根據(jù)上文中的“Thetemperaturesrangedfromtheteenstobelow0°F.”可知，天氣很冷，吃完飯后，作者他們都鉆進了睡袋里，withdraw意為“撤退”引申為“鉆進”符合語境。故選A。

6.

句意：雖然我們最初能夠吃下幾個雞蛋和一塊吐司，但我們走得越高，我們吃得越少。A.gradually逐漸地；B.ultimately最終；C.initially起初；D.obviously顯然地。根據(jù)下文中的Eventually可知，此處表示的是“一開始，起初”作者他們的胃口還不錯。故選C。

7.

句意同上。A.expected期望；B.rested休息；C.suffered遭受；D.ate吃。根據(jù)上文中的“Whilewe

(6)

wereabletodownacoupleofeggsandapieceoftoast”可知，一開始大家能吃下很多，但是隨著海拔增高，吃的越少。故選D。

8.

句意：最終，只吃一碗米飯就費了不少功夫。A.effort努力；B.fun趣事；C.fortune運氣，財富；D.pressure壓力。結(jié)合上文，隨著海拔的增加，吃的越來越少，最后吃一碗米飯都很費勁。故選A。

9.

句意：海拔在其他方面輕松打敗我們。A.supported支持；B.humbled貶低，打敗；C.confused使迷惑；D.directed指引。根據(jù)上文中對作者他們飲食的描述可知，隨著海拔高度的增加，作者他們的飲食在不斷減少，由此可知，海拔輕而易舉的打敗了我們，humble作為動詞意為“貶低，輕松打敗”的意思，符合語境。故選B

10.

句意：隨著我們的食欲變差，我們的步伐也放緩了。A.growth成長；B.speech演講；C.breathing呼吸聲；D.pace步速。根據(jù)下文中的“RenjoLaPass,thefirstpass,wassupposedtotakeeighthours.Ittook12.”可知，作者他們行走的時間增加，說明步速慢了。故選D。

11.

句意：Achut對我們的信心從未動搖過。A.restored恢復；B.tested測試；C.shaken搖晃；D.rewarded獎勵。根據(jù)下文中的“Hegreeteduseachdaywitha

(12)

“goodmorning.”可知，向?qū)Ш苡淇斓膯柡蛘f明對我們的信心毫不動搖。故選C。

12.

句意：他每天都用愉快的“早上好”迎接我們。A.cheerful興高采烈的；B.unwilling不情愿的；C.calm冷靜的；D.meaningless無意義的。根據(jù)上文中的“Achut'sfaithinuswasnever

(11)

.”可知，向?qū)湃挝覀?，應該是“高興地”問候作者。故選A。

13.

句意：在我們到達大本營之前，他帶著我們的行李，熟練地與調(diào)節(jié)我們的情緒和激發(fā)我們的能力。A.reached到達；B.left離開；C.guarded守護；D.established成立。根據(jù)下文中的“hecarriedourpacksandskillfullynegotiatedourmoodsandcapabilities”可知，向?qū)г谖覀兊竭_大本營前幫助我們背包，調(diào)節(jié)我們的情緒。故選A。

14.

句意：我們信任他，他自信而堅強地指引著我們，在結(jié)冰、不平、有時甚至狹窄的道路上行走。A.admired羨慕；B.praised表揚；C.guided引導；D.contacted接觸。根據(jù)上文中的“WemetourguideAchutPandeyinKathmandu.”可知，作為向?qū)?，他的職責是“引導”我們到達目的地。故選C。

15.

句意同上。A.straight直的；B.muddy泥濘的；C.smooth順利的；D.uneven不均勻的。根據(jù)下文中與該空并列的narrow可知，此處仍是對小路的描述，后為狹窄的，此處應為“不平的”符合語境。故選D。

36.【答案】【小題1】experiments【小題2】its【小題3】a【小題4】largest【小題5】are【小題6】and【小題7】tocontrol【小題8】vitally【小題9】brought【小題10】for【解析】1.

句意：在太空中還進行過其他大米實驗。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處應用名詞作