2019高考英語一輪選訓(xùn)習(xí)題Unit4EarthqUnitakes(含解析)新人教版必修1

必修1Unit4Earthquakes李仕才一、閱讀理解ACrossingyourlegsisanextremelycommonhabit;mostpeopledon'tevennoticethatthey'redoingitwhentheysitdown.Whileyoumayfinditcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.Thereasonforthisisthatthebloodinyourlegshastoworkagainstgravitytobepumpedbacktoyourheartandthatcrossingonelegovertheotherincreasesresistance,makingitevenharderforthebloodtocirculate.Thiscausesyourbodytoincreaseyourbloodpressuretopushthebloodbacktotheheart.Youwon'tfeelanyimmediateeffects,butrepeated,drawn-outincreasesinbloodpressurecancauselong-termhealthissues.So,planningtositforalongperiodoftime?Don'tkeepyourlegscrossed.“CrossingyourlegsatthekneecanalsocausepressureonthemajornerveinyourlegthatpassesjustbelowyourkneeandalongtheoutsideofyourlegexplainsRichardGraves,amedicalexpert.Thispressurecancausenumbnessandtemporaryparalysis(麻木)ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg,

，”preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle—whatweknowasthat“pins_and_needles”sensation.Whilethefeelingofdiscomfortmayonlylastaminuteortwo,repeatedlycrossingyourlegsuntiltheyfeelnumbcancausepermanentnervedamage.Sonexttimeyousitdown,trytogetyourselfinthehabitofsittingwithbothofyourfeetonthefloor.Notonlywillithelpyourpostureandstability,butitwillalsosaveyourhealthinthelongrun.【文章粗心】

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人們將一條腿放在另一條腿上

(蹺二郎腿)的習(xí)慣，這類行為會致使一些健康問題?！倦y句剖析】Thereasonforthisisthatthebloodinyourlegshastoworkagainstgravitytobepumpedbacktoyourheartandthatcrossingonelegovertheotherincreasesresistance,makingitevenharderforthebloodtocirculate.(第二段第二句)剖析：本句是一個主從復(fù)合句。兩個that指引的都是表語從句，“makingit...tocirculate”為此刻分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。譯文：這是由于腿部的血液要回流到心臟，就要與重力抗衡，而且把一條腿放在另一條腿上會加劇這類抗衡，這使得血液循環(huán)更難了。1．Whatcanwelearnaboutcrossingone'slegs?A．Itisaverybadsocialhabit，B．Itcandoharmtopeople'shealth.C．Itisusuallypracticeddeliberately.D．Itcanmakeothersfeeluncomfortable.答案與分析：B'考察細(xì)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)文章前三段內(nèi)容可知，人們將一條腿放在另一條腿上(蹺二郎腿)會使血壓上漲，給腿部和腳部的某些神經(jīng)帶來壓力，惹起健康問題。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)“它可能對人們的健康有害處”。2．Accordingtothestudy,sittingwithyourlegscrossedcan________.A．a(chǎn)ffectyourbloodpressureB．resistgravityeffectivelyC．leadtoheartattackseasilyD．improvethefunctionoflegs答案與分析：A'考察細(xì)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第二段第一句“AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.”可知，一項(xiàng)研究表示蹺二郎腿會影響血壓。應(yīng)選A。3．Inthethirdparagraph“pinsandneedles”probablymeans________.A．beinghighlyflexibleB．beingalittletiredC．seriousmuscleinjuriesD．slightsharppains答案與分析：D'考察詞義猜想。依據(jù)上文可知，將一條腿放到另一條腿上所產(chǎn)生的這類壓力會使得腳部、腿部某些肌肉無知覺、麻木。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)“稍微的刺痛”。4．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Tocomparecommonhabits.B．Toevaluatetheeffectsofanexperiment.C．Togivereaderssomeadvice.D．Tointroduceresearchmethods.答案與分析：C'考察寫作企圖。通讀文章內(nèi)容可知，文章介紹將一條腿放在另一條腿上所致使的健康問題，旨在建議讀者不要蹺二郎腿。應(yīng)選CB2Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplearetalkingaboutgeneticallymodifiedfoods(GMfoods).GMfoodsdevelopfromgeneticallymodifiedorganisms(有機(jī)體),whichhavehadspecificchangesintroducedintotheirDNAbygeneticengineeringtechniques.Thesetechniquesaremuchmoreprecisewhereanorganismisexposedtochemicalstocreateanonspecificbutstablechange.Formanypeople,thehightechproductionraisesallkindsofenvironmental,ethical,healthandsafetyproblems.Particularlyincountrieswithlongfarmingtraditions,theideaseemsagainstnature.Infact,GMfoodsarealreadyverymuchapartofourlives.Theywerefirstputonthemarketin1996.AthirdofthecornandmorethanhalfthecottongrownintheU.S.lastyearwastheproductofbiotechnology,accordingtotheDepartmentofAgriculture.Morethan65millionacresofgeneticallymodifiedcropswillbeplantedintheUSthisyear.Thegeneticgenieisoutofthebottle.However,likeanynewproductenteringthefoodchain,GMfoodsmustbesubjectedtocarefultesting.Inwealthycountries,thedebateaboutbiotechisnotsofiercebythefactthattheyhavealargenumberoffoodstochoosefrom,andasupplythatgoesbeyondtheneeds.Indevelopingcountriesdesperatetofeedfastgrowingandunderfedpopulations,thematterissimplerandmuchmoreurgent:dothebenefitsofbiotechoutweightherisks?Thestatisticsonpopulationgrowthandhungeraredisturbing.Lastyeartheworld'spopulationreached6billion.TheUNstatesthatnearly800millionpeoplearoundtheworldareunhealthy.About400millionwomenofchildbearingagedon'thaveenoughiron,whichmeanstheirbabiesareexposedtovariousbirthdefeats.Asmanyas100millionchildrensufferfromvitaminAdeficiency,aleadingcauseofblindness.Howcanbiotechhelp?Geneticengineeringiswidelyusedtoproduceplantsandanimalswithbetternutritionalvalues.Biotechnologistshavedevelopedgeneticallymodifiedriceandtheyareworkingonotherkindsofnutritionallyimprovedcrops.Biotechcanalsoimprovefarmingproductivityinplaceswherefoodshortagesarecausedbycropdamageattributabletodrought,poorsoilandcropviruses.1.Thepassagemainlytalksabout________.3A.theworld'sfoodproblemB.thedevelopmentinbiotechC.thegeneticallymodifiedfoodsD.thewaytosolvefoodshortages2.Accordingtothepassage,GMfoods________.A.willreplacenaturallygrownfoodsB.arefarbetterthannaturallygrownfoodsC.mayhelptosolvetheproblemofpoornutritionD.cancauseserioustroubleindevelopingcountries3.Theunderlinedsentence“Thegeneticgenieisoutofthebottle.”inParagraph2probablymeansthat________.A.GMfoodsareavailableeverywhereB.thetechnologyinproducingGMfoodsisadvancedC.genetictechnologymayhaveuncontrollablepowersD.genetictechnologyhascomeoutoflaboratoriesintomarkets4.What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardsGMfoods?A.Enthusiastic.B.Cautious.C.Disapproving.D.Unbelievable.【文章粗心】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了轉(zhuǎn)基因食品及其對人類生活的影響。1.C【分析】要旨粗心題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是第一段中的“Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplearetalkingaboutgeneticallymodifiedfoods(GMfoods).”可知，本文主要介紹的是轉(zhuǎn)基因食品。2.C【分析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最后一段中的“Geneticengineeringiswidelyusedtoproduceplantsandanimalswithbetternutritionalvalues.”可知，轉(zhuǎn)基因食品有助于解決營養(yǎng)不良問題。4.B【分析】看法態(tài)度題。依據(jù)第三段中的“However,likeanynewproductenteringthefoodchain,GMfoodsmustbesubjectedtocarefultesting.”可知，作者以為轉(zhuǎn)基因食品進(jìn)入市場前需要嚴(yán)格的檢測，因而可知作者對轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的態(tài)度是謹(jǐn)慎的。4二、七選五(2018·廣東省廣州市一般高中畢業(yè)班綜合測試一)We'veallexperiencedpeerpressure(伙伴壓力).Ithappenstoeverybody.However,peoplehavedifferentreactions.Confidentpeoplerefusetodothingstheydon'twanttodo,butshyandanxiouspeopleoftengivein.Itmaybebecausetheywanttobeliked.Itmaybebecausetheyworrythattheirfriendswillmakefunofthem,orperhapsthey'rejustcuriousabouttryingsomethingnew.__1__.It'shardbeingtheonlyonewhosaysnoandthequestionis:howdoyoudoit?__2__Ifyouthinkthatmissingmaths,orsmoking,orgoingsomewhereyouknowyourparentswouldn'tlikeisabadideathentheanswerissimple:don'tdoit.It'syourdecision,nobodyelse's.Youdon'tneedtobeaggressive.Youdon'tneedtoshoutandscream,butyoumustbeconfidentandyoumustbefirm.Youneedtosay,“Nothanks.Idon'twanttodothat.”Beingonyourownagainsteverybodyelseisveryhard,soitcanreallyhelptohaveatleastoneotherpeer,orfriend,whowillsaynotoo.__3__Youwantfriendswhowillsupportyouwhenyou'reintrouble.Youdon'twantpeoplewhowillalwaysagreewiththemajority.Remember,themostpopularpeoplearen'talwaysthemosttrustworthy.__4__Youcanlearnalotfrompeopleofyourownage.Theycanteachyougreatfootballskillsorthebestwaytodoyourmathshomework.Theycanrecommendmusicandadviseyouonfashion.Anddon'tforgetyoucantellthemthingstoo,andthatalwaysfeelsgreat.So,findfriendswhohavesimilarinterests.Andremember,friendshipisn'taboutfeelingdepressedandguilty.__5__A．Chooseyourfriendscarefully.B．Firstly,youmustdecidewhatyoubelievein.C．It'saboutsharingexperiencesandhavingfun.D．Ofcourse,peerpressureisn'tcompletelybad.E．Itmaybebecausetheywereallborntobestubborn.F．Depressionandguiltwillsurelygiveyoupeerpressure.G．Whateverthereason,somepeopleendupdoingthingstheyreallydon'twanttodo.【文章粗心】自信的人往常選擇拒絕做不愿意做的事情，而害羞和憂慮的人往常會選擇接受。本文介紹了怎樣學(xué)會拒絕并解說了怎樣素來自伙伴的壓力中學(xué)習(xí)。51．答案與分析：G'依據(jù)空前兩句“Itmaybebecausetheywanttobeliked.Itmaybebecausetheyworrythattheirfriendswillmakefunofthem，orperhapsthey'rejustcuriousabouttryingsomethingnew”可知，那些害羞和憂慮的人做他們不想做的事情可能是為了讓他人喜愛自己，也可能擔(dān)憂他們的朋友會譏笑他們，或許僅是試試新事物。聯(lián)合空地方在的地點(diǎn)能夠判斷，空處承前啟后，說明不論是何種原由，這些人選擇了做他們不想做的事情，故G項(xiàng)切合文意。2．答案與分析：B'依據(jù)該段最后兩句“Youdon'tneedtoshoutandscream,butyoumustbeconfidentandyoumustbefirm.Youneedtosay,‘Nothanks.Idon'twanttodothat.’”可知，關(guān)于怎樣拒絕，你無需叫喚，可是要自信和堅(jiān)定；據(jù)此可知，空處表示要確立你相信的東西，故B項(xiàng)切合文意。3．答案與分析：A'依據(jù)空后一句“Youwantfriendswhowillsupportyouwhenyou'reintrouble”可知，你需要在你困難時會支持你的朋友；據(jù)此能夠判斷，空處介紹的是“要謹(jǐn)慎選擇朋友”，故A項(xiàng)與此處般配。4．答案與分析：D'依據(jù)空后的“Youcanlearnalotfrompeopleofyourownage.Theycanteachyougreatfootballskillsorthebestwaytodoyourmathshomework.”可知，你能夠從同齡人那邊學(xué)習(xí)好多，他們能教會你好多知識；據(jù)此能夠判斷，來自伙伴的壓力并不是完整部是壞事，故D項(xiàng)切合文意。5．答案與分析：C'依據(jù)“Theycanteachyou...thatalwaysfeelsgreat.”可知，友情是分享技術(shù)、喜好等，是一同享受快樂，故C項(xiàng)切合文意。三、短文改錯(2018·長沙市高中畢業(yè)生供題)Itsnowedlastnight,whenwasquiterarehereinWesternWashingtonState.Schoolcanceledforthedayandtheneighborhoodkidsweresoexciting!Acoupleofmyyoungneighborsknockedpoliteonmydoorandaskediftheycouldallplayintheircourtyard.Iwashappytohavingthemandsoontheyweremakingsnowmenandhavingsnowballfights.Iinvitethemintohavehotcocoaandhomemadecookie.Thesnowdidn'tlastlong—itstartedraininginthisafternoon—soIenjoyedseeingthekidshavesomuchfunwhileitwashere!答案：Itsnowedlastnight,whenwasquiterarehereinWesternWashingtonState.whichSchool∧canceledforthedayandtheneighborhoodkidsweresoexciting！Acouplewasexcited6ofmyyoungneighborsknockedpoliteonmydoorandaskediftheycouldallplaypolitelyintheircourtyard.Iwashappytohavingthemandsoontheyweremakingsnowmenmyhaveandhavingsnowballfights.Iinvitethemintohavehotcocoaandhomemadecookie.invitedcookiesThesnowdidn'tlastlong—itstartedraininginthisafternoon—soIenjoyedbutseeingthekidshavesomuchfunwhileitwashere!四、短文語法填空FelicityMiller,a32-year-oldBritishwoman,__1__hasaChinesehusband,stillremembersthe__2__(excite)whenshefirstlearnedtousethe“redpacket”functiononWeChatin2015.ShesentandgrabbedsomeredpacketsinherChinesefamily’sgroup.Theruleinherfamilywasthatthe__3__(high)amountsentthenext.Attractedbytheuniquewayofcommunicating,manyforeigners__4__(join)insendingandgrabbingredpacketssofar.Usually,themoneyineachpacketisrandom.Thustheamountofmoneyonecangrab__5__(large)dependsonhisorherluck,from0.01yuantolessthan200yuan.Manyforeignersgetmorefamiliar__6__Chinesecult