2021年遼寧省朝陽市大學英語6級大學英語六級測試卷(含答案)

2021年遼寧省朝陽市大學英語6級大學英語六級測試卷(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、1.Writing(10題)1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledScientificBreakthroughsinChina.Youshouldwriteatleast150words

followingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

ThenumberofscientificbreakthroughsoverthepastyearsinChina(Estimated)

1.上圖所示為中國近幾年的科學創(chuàng)新情況，請描述其變化

2.請說明發(fā)生這變化的原因

3.對此進行預測

ScientificBreakthroughsinChina

2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:SalaryorInterest.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.1.如今大學畢業(yè)生面臨的職業(yè)選擇：興趣重要還是工資重要

2.你的觀點

3.結論

SalaryorInterest

3.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicMobilePhoneUsesshouldBeLimitedinLibrary.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.圖書館的閱覽區(qū)內(nèi)濫用手機的現(xiàn)象很普遍

2.分析此現(xiàn)象造成影響

3.你的建議

MobilePhoneUsesshouldBeLimitedinLibrary

4.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofPoorStudents'RunningErrands.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.

目前有些大學校園出現(xiàn)貧困大學生“跑腿族”

1．對于這種做法有人表示支持

2．有人并不贊成

3．我的看法

PoorStudents'RunningErrands

______

5.Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteashortessayentitledPressureinModernLife.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.現(xiàn)代生活充滿壓力

2.壓力對人身心的影響;

3.如何緩解壓力

6.Directions:Thefollowingtablegivesstatisticsshowingtheaspectsofqualityoflifeinfivecountries.Writeacompositiondescribingtheinformationinthetablebelow.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

7.1.大量民工流入城市

2．人們對民工大量流入城市所持的不同看法

3．我的觀點

RuralWorkers:AMixedBlessingfortheCity

8.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:InnovationandTradition.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.目前我國十分重視創(chuàng)新

2．傳統(tǒng)文化也應得到重視

3．二者之間的關系應如何處理

InnovationandTradition

9.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledIsaDiplomaEverything?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

1.目前社會存在著迷信文憑現(xiàn)象

2．造成這一現(xiàn)象的原因

3．我對此的觀點

IsaDiplomaEverything?

10.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicShouldEuthanasiaBeLegalized?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

1.安樂死應該合法化；

2．安樂死不應合法化；

3．我的觀點。

ShouldEuthanasiaBeLegalized?

二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10題)11.

Peoplewhoworknexttoeachotherinthesameofficehavemorebutbetterinterruptionsthanthosewho______.

12.

Mothers'gettingolderand______couldalsoaccountfortheobesityepidemic.

13.

Whenthechlorophyllisdecreasing,______arethemostimportantweatherconditionsaffectthecolordisplaysofleaves.

14.Fromherresearch,SusanD.Blumsetouttounderstandthatstudentsare______.

A.havinganewunderstandingofcreatingandquoting

B.noteasytogetaccesstotheauthorship

C.onthewaytoacceptnewnotionofauthorship

D.tryingtoredefinethenotionofauthorship

15.

Birthratesdecline,andmortalityofyoungandadultsincreaseswhenthepopulationapproaches______.

16.

MarkTwain'slanguagestyle.is______.

17.

Wheredocsthecountries'differenceapproachestoIPrightsprotectionlie?

A.DesiresforIPrightsprotectionconsistent.

B.TheprocedureofobtainingIPrights.

C.Substantiverightsgranted.

D.OfficesthatgranttheIPrights.

18.

______beganin19

19.

Theonlyproblemthestudentserefacingatgraduationisthedismaljobmarket.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

WhichisoneoftheservicesofferedbyKelly?

A.TomakesureyourCVmeetstherequirements.

B.TohelpfilltheCVonline.

C.TohelphandyourCVtothecompanies.

D.Toestablishatimetableforyou.

三、3.ListeningComprehension(10題)21.聽力原文：Forcenturies,parrotshavebeenprizedpetsbecauseoftheirstrangetalentforimitatinghumanspeech.Theyareabletohearvocalranges,memorizethetones,andthenrepeatwhattheyhaveheard.Oftenthisskillisusedtoentertainpeople.Butrecently,anAmazonparrot,namedBaby,wasabletoputthisabilitytoworkbyhelpingpolicebreakupagangofburglarsresponsibleforover$50,000inpropertytheft.

Babyhelpedthepolicetoidentifythegangofthieves.ArecentrobberyvictimreportedtotheBaytown,Texaspolicethatherparrot,Babystartedactingstrangelyandsayingnewphrasesaftertherobbery.Beforetherobbery,Babyhadonlyatwenty-eightvocabulary;afterwards,thebirdstartedsayingtheadditionalphrases"Comeback,Robert!"and"Comehere,Ronnie!"

Thepolicedetectivesweredelighted.Althoughonemanhadalreadybeenarrested,RonnieandRobertwerethenamesoftheirtwotopsuspectswhowerebelievedtohaveaidedthefirstman.Underquestioning,thissuspectexplainedwhathadhappened.Whentherobbersenteredthehouse,theyheardBabytalkingandthoughtthatsomeonewashome.RonnieandRobertbeganrunningaway,whilethethirdmanyelledforthemtocomeback.Babyrememberedthisincidentandrecordedtheirvoicesinhermemory.

(33)

A.Avictim.B.Apolicedetective.C.Arobber.D.Apetbird.

22.聽力原文：M:IthoughtNancyandMikeweregoingtogetmarriedinJune.

W:No,that’swhenhiscousin'sweddingis.Theyaregettingmarriedthefollowingmonth.

Q:WhenareNancyandMikegettingmarried?

(15)

A.April.B.May.C.June.D.July.

23.聽力原文：W:Well,Jack,IwouldofferyouanotherdrinkbutIhaveguestscomingandIhaven'tevenbeguntopreparethedinner.Thanksforstoppingby.

M:Thanksforthedrink.Ithasbeenniceseeingyoutoo.

Q:Whydidthewomanmentionherdinnerguests?

(18)

A.Toinvitethemantojointhem.

B.Tosuggestpolitelythatheleave.

C.Tooffertolethimhelpcook.

D.Toencouragehimtohaveanotherdrink.

24.(25)

A.Thechildrenaretooyoungtobenefitfromcitylife.

B.Evenadultsthemselvescannotgoeverywhereinthecity.

C.Thereisalottoseeanddoforchildrenandadults.

D.Thereisn'talottoseeanddoforchildren.

25.聽力原文：W:Haveyoufinishedtheresearchpaperforpsychology?

M:Netyet,Ialwaysdon'twriteituntilthelastminute.

Q:Whatdidthemanmean?

(18)

A.Heneverdoesthingsearly.

B.Hehasalreadyfinishedit.

C.Heisn'tgoingtofinishit.

D.Hewillfinishitinafewminutes.

26.(31)

A.JohnAugustusRoeblingfellill.

B.Misfortunefellonthechiefengineer.

C.Thechiefengineerwasinshortofmoney.

D.WashingtonRoebfingmetwithanaccident.

27.(16)

A.Ridingahorse.

B.Shootingamovie.

C.Playingagame.

D.Applyforthejob

28.聽力原文：M:It'salreadyeightthirty.We'llhavetohurryifwewanttocatchtheflight.

W:Well,ittakesonlyhalfanhourtogettotheairport,andtheplanedoesn'tleaveuntilninefifty.Wehaveplentyoftimetocheckin.

Q:Howmuchtimewouldbeleftforthemanandthewomantocheckinfortheflight?

(15)

A.50minutes.B.30minutes.C.25minutes.D.15minutes.

29.(26)

A.TocallDonattheendoftheafternoon.

B.TogiveDon'sstudentsthenextassignment.

C.ToputthehomeworkonDon'sdesk.

D.ToleavethemasterkeyforDon.

30.聽力原文：W:WillwegettoSanFranciscobyship?

M:Ithinkso.We'llleaveLondononMonday,andwecanmakeitbyship.

Q:HowaretheygoingtoSanFrancisco?

(15)

A.TheywillsailtoSanFrancisco.

B.TheywillflytoSanFrancisco.

C.TheywilldrivetoSanFrancisco.

D.TheywilltakeatraintoSanFrancisco.

四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3題)31.

Tobelieveordisbelievewhatyoureadshouldbebasedon______.

A.thefactsthatyouaregiven

B.whethertheauthorisopen-mindedornot

C.thequalityofreasonsprovidedbythematerial

D.theassumptionthatyouknoweverythingaboutit

32.Icameawayfrommyyearsofteachingonthecollegeanduniversitylevelwithaconvictionthatenactment(扮演角色),performance,dramatizationarethemostsuccessfulformsofteaching.Studentsmustbeincorporated,made,sofaraspossible,anintegralpartofthelearningprocess.Thenotionthatlearningshouldhaveinitanelementofinspiredplaywouldseemtothegreaterpartoftheacademicestablishmentmerelysilly,butthatisnonethelessthecase.OfEzekielCheever,themostfamousschoolmasteroftheMassachusettsBayColony,hisonetimestudentCottonMatherwrotethathesoplannedhislessonsthathispupils"cametoworkasthoughtheycametoplay",andAlfredNorthWhitehead,almostthreehundredyearslater,notedthatateachershouldmakehis/herstudents"gladtheywerethere"

Since,wearetold,80to90percentofallinstructioninthetypicaluniversityisbythelecturemethod,weshouldgivecloseattentiontothisform.ofeducation.Thereis,Ithink,muchtruthinPatriciaNelsonLimerick'sobservationthat"lecturingisanunnaturalact,anactforwhichGoddidnotdesignhumans.Itisperfectlyallright,nowandthen,forahumantobepossessedbytheurgetospeak,andtospeakwhileothersremainsilent.Buttodothisregularly,onehourand15minutesatatime..,foronepersontodragonwhileotherssitinsilence?...IdonotbelievethatthisiswhattheCreator..,designedhumanstodo".

Thestrange,almostincomprehensiblefactisthatmanyprofessors,justastheyfeelobligedtowritedully,believethattheyshouldlecturedully.Toshowenthusiasmistoriskappearingunscientific,un-objective;itistoappealtothestudents'emotionsratherthantheirintellect.Thustheideallectureisonefilledwithfactsandreadinanunchangedmonotone.

Thecult(推崇)oflecturingdully,likethecultofwritingdully,goesback,ofcourse,someyears.EdwardShils,professorofsociology,recallstheprofessorsheencounteredattheUniversityofPennsylvaniainhisyouth.Theyseemed"apriesthood,heirbearing;theyneverreferredtoanythingpersonal.Somereadfromoldlecturenotesandthenhaltinglyexplainedthethumb-wornlastlines.Otherslecturedfromcardsthathadservedforyears,tojudgebythewornedges...Theteachersbeganontime,endedontime,andlefttheroomwithoutsayingawordmoretotheirstudents,veryseldombeingdetainedbyquestioners...Theclasseswerenotlarge,yettherewasnodiscussion.Noquestionswereraisedinclass,andtherewerenoofficehours".

Theauthorbelievesthatasuccessfulteachershouldbeableto______.

A.makestudyjustaseasyasplay

B.improvestudents'learningperformance

C.makeinspiredplayanintegralpartofthelearningprocess

D.makedramatizationanimportantaspectofstudents'learning

33.

Establishedbusinesspartnersarepreferredinwebbusinessbecause______.

A.theyaremorecreditablethanothers

B.theyspecifytheproductstheywant

C.theyhaveaccesstothecompany'sprivateintranet

D.theyarecapableofconductingonlinetransactions

五、5.ErrorCorrection(3題)34.

【S6】

35.

【S3】

36.

【S9】

六、6.ErrorCorrection(3題)37.

【S9】

38.Mythsandlegendsofthesupernaturalshroudtheearlyhistoryofwriting,

astheydoofspeech.Archaeologicaldiscoveriesprovidecharmingpinholesof

illuminationalongwithfrustratedproblemsofinterpretation.Anaccountofthe【S1】______.

earlyhistoryofwritinghasgraduallyemerged,butitkeepsmanygapsand【S2】______.

ambiguities.

Thematteriscomplicatedbythefactthat,inthisearlyperiod,itisby

nomeanseasytodecidewhetherapieceofgraphicexpressionshouldbe

countedasanartisticimaginationorasasymbolofprimitivewriting.In【S3】______.

principle,thedifferenceisclear:thefirstconveyspersonalandsubjective【S4】______.

meanings,anddoesnotcombineintoasystemofrecurringsymbolswith

acceptedvalues;bycontrast,thelatterisconventionalandinstitutionalized,

capableofbeenunderstoodinthesamewaybyallwhoareusingthesystem.【S5】______.

Whentheproductisarockcarvingorpaintingofananimal,thereisalittle【S6】______.

doubtthatitspurposeisnonlinguistic(thoughtwhetherithasanaesthetic,

religious,orotherfunctionisdebatable).However,whentheproductisa

seriesofapparentgeometricalshapesortinycharacters,thedistinction

betweenartandwritingbecomesmoreobvious.Thelanguagemayevenreflect【S7】______.

theproblem:inearlyGreek,andinEgyptian,thesamewordwasusedfor

both"write"and"draw".Onepoint,atleast,isfairlyclear.Itnowseems

mostlikelythatwritingsystemrevolvedindependentlyofeachotherat【S8】______.

differenttimesinseveralpartsoftheworld--inMesopotamia,China,Meso-

America,andelsewhere.Thereisanythingtosupportatheoryofcommon【S9】______.

origin.Thereareofcoursesimilaritiesbetweenthesesystems,buttheseare

notaltogethersurprising,givingthelimitedwaysofdevisingasystemof【S10】______.

writtencommunication.

【S1】

39.Thekeytobeingawinneristohavedesireanda

goalfromwhichyourefusetobedeterred(被嚇住).

Thatdesirefuelsyourdreamsandthespecialgoalkeeps

youfocusing.【S1】______

Deeplydownweallhaveahopethatourdestinyis【S2】______

nottobeaverageandprosaic.Everyonetalksabouta

goodgame,butthewinnergoesoutanddosomething.【S3】______

Towin,therehastobemovementandphysicalaction.

Attitudesandpersistencecanhelpusbecomewhowe【S4】______

wanttobe.

Competitionisthebestmotivator.Becausemany【S5】______

peopleusecompetitionasanexcusefornotdoing

something,thosewhoreallywanttosuccesssee【S6】______

competitionasanopportunity,andtheyarewillingto

dothetoughworknecessarilytowin.【S7】______

Learntodealwithfear.Fearisthegreatest

deterrenttotakingrisk.Peopleworrysomuchabout【S8】______

failingthattheirfearparalyzesthem,drainedthe【S9】______

energytheymightotherwisebeusingtogrow.

Youcancultivateself-respectbydevelopinga

commitmenttoyourowntalents.Itmaybenecessary

todothethingyoufearthemostinordertoputthat

fearinrest,sothatitcannolongercontrolyou.【S10】______

【S1】

參考答案

1.ScientificBreakthroughsinChinaThenumberofscientificbreakthroughsinChinahasgrownveryfastoverthepastyears.In2001thenumberwasalmost50.In2002thenumberwasabout100andin2004thenumberScientificBreakthroughsinChinaThenumberofscientificbreakthroughsinChinahasgrownveryfastoverthepastyears.In2001,thenumberwasalmost50.In2002,thenumberwasabout100andin2004thenumber解析：這次的作文是看圖表作文。文章第一段應該根據(jù)圖表先對中國這幾年科學創(chuàng)新的變化做一個描述。接下來，文章的第二段應該羅列出這些創(chuàng)新變化產(chǎn)生的原因，一方面是現(xiàn)代科學技術的發(fā)展，另一方面是中國政府十分重視科學創(chuàng)新并為科學創(chuàng)新領域提供了大量的資金支持。文章的結尾應提出對未來科學創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的預測。而在兩者比較的表達上，可以運用fourtimesasbigas…，twice/threetimesaslarge/long…as或者threetimesthelength/sizeofthatone等表達方式。文章寫作過程中，在表達數(shù)字概念時可以運用以下表達方式，如：thenumberof…，theamountof…或thefigureof…表達原因可以運用的句式為onereasonof…is，anotherreasonis…相關表達方法還有ononehand…ontheotherhand…或Foronething…Foranother…等。在表達個人的觀點方面可以運用inmyopinion，inmypointofview或frommyperspective等。

2.SalaryorInterestUpongraduationvirtuallyallcollegestudentswillconfronttheproblemofchoosingtheircareers.Itistrulyaroughchoice.Students'opinionsdiffergreatlyonthisissue.Someholdthatpriorityshouldbegiventotheirinterestinthejobbutotherstaketheattitudethatsalaryisthemostcriticalfactorinfluencingtheircareerchoices.AsformyselfIpreferthelatterview.Awell-paidjobexertsatremendousfascinationonagreatnumberofpeoplewithnoexceptiontome.Althoughitmightbeimpossibletomeasurethevalueofone'sjobintermsofmoneysalarycountsmostwhenIchoosemyfuturecareer.Inmyviewourcareerchoiceslargelydependonhowandwherewehavebeenbroughtup.Icomefromapoorurbanfamilyandmyparentsarebothlaid-offworkers.Inordertofinancemytuitiontheyhavebeenworkinghardoverthepastfouryears.AstheonlysoninmyfamilyIhavetoshouldertheburdenofsupportingmyfamily.Inshortsalaryisthefirstconsiderationinmychoiceofcareer.SalaryorInterestUpongraduation,virtuallyallcollegestudentswillconfronttheproblemofchoosingtheircareers.Itistrulyaroughchoice.Students'opinionsdiffergreatlyonthisissue.Someholdthatpriorityshouldbegiventotheirinterestinthejob,butotherstaketheattitudethatsalaryisthemostcriticalfactorinfluencingtheircareerchoices.Asformyself,Ipreferthelatterview.Awell-paidjobexertsatremendousfascinationonagreatnumberofpeople,withnoexceptiontome.Althoughitmightbeimpossibletomeasurethevalueofone'sjobintermsofmoney,salarycountsmostwhenIchoosemyfuturecareer.Inmyview,ourcareerchoiceslargelydependonhowandwherewehavebeenbroughtup.Icomefromapoorurbanfamilyandmyparentsarebothlaid-offworkers.Inordertofinancemytuition,theyhavebeenworkinghardoverthepastfouryears.Astheonlysoninmyfamily,Ihavetoshouldertheburdenofsupportingmyfamily.Inshort,salaryisthefirstconsiderationinmychoiceofcareer.

3.MobilePhoneUsesshouldBeLimitedinLibrary(1)Inthelibrarytheimproperuseofmobilephonesisbecomingincreasinglyserious.Manystudentsarefoundtalkingloudlyonphonesortakingaphoneinaudibleringingmodeintothelibrary.(2)Thereisnodoubtthatthoseimpolitebehaviors(3)hoveanegativeinfluenceonlibraryreaders.(4)Foronethingmobilephonesareadistractionforthosewhousemobilephonesfortheycanhardly(5)concentrateonreading.(4)Foranothersuchabehaviorcausesdisturbancetootherleaders.It'sveryimportantforthereaderstokeepaquietatmospheresincethelibraryisaplaceforstudyandresearch.Allstudentsshouldobeylibraryregulationsandkeepquietinthelibrary.(6)iftheydoneedtousemobilephonestheycansettheirmobilephonesinthesilencemodeandmakephonecallsindesignatedareas(7)suchasrestroomsandtheelevatorarea.(8)Inthiswayallthereadersinthelibrarycanhelptocreateagoodatmosphereand(9)benefitfromreading.MobilePhoneUsesshouldBeLimitedinLibrary(1)Inthelibrary,theimproperuseofmobilephonesisbecomingincreasinglyserious.Manystudentsarefoundtalkingloudlyonphonesortakingaphoneinaudibleringingmodeintothelibrary.(2)Thereisnodoubtthatthoseimpolitebehaviors(3)hoveanegativeinfluenceonlibraryreaders.(4)Foronething,mobilephonesareadistractionforthosewhousemobilephones,fortheycanhardly(5)concentrateonreading.(4)Foranother,suchabehavior.causesdisturbancetootherleaders.It'sveryimportantforthereaderstokeepaquietatmospheresincethelibraryisaplaceforstudyandresearch.Allstudentsshouldobeylibraryregulationsandkeepquietinthelibrary.(6)iftheydoneedtousemobilephones,theycansettheirmobilephonesinthesilencemodeandmakephonecallsindesignatedareas,(7)suchasrestroomsandtheelevatorarea.(8)Inthisway,allthereadersinthelibrarycanhelptocreateagoodatmosphereand(9)benefitfromreading.解析：[審題]本題要求寫一篇議論文?！跋拗圃趫D書館里使用手機”是大學生相當熟悉的話題，很容易拓展內(nèi)容。同時注意所給的建議要合理、具有說服力。

[思路]

第一段點明在圖書館內(nèi)手機使用泛濫；

第二段說明此現(xiàn)象對讀者所造成的影響；

第三段提出自己的建議。

4.PoorStudents'RunningErrandsInrecentyearsmanypoorstudentsarepaidbytheirrichclassmatesforrunningerrands.Astowhetheritisgoodornotopinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplebelievethatitisagoodwayfortheneedystudentstolivethroughthe4yearsofcollegelife.Withthemoneytheyearnfromrunningerrandsforotherstudentsthefinancialburdenofthepoorstudentscanberelieved.Howeversomeotherpeopleholdadifferentopinion.Asallstudentsoncampusareequalit'snotrightforstudentswithfinancialproblemstodoinferiorjobsforotherclassmatesformoney.Iftheschooldoesn'tstopthisstudentsoncampuswillbedividedintotwoclassessoonerorlater.Inmyopinionschoolsshouldforbidthiskindofthingsforthesakeofbothrichstudentsandpoorstudents.Bypayingtheirpoorclassmatesfordoingwhattheyshoulddothemselvestherichstudentswillgetusedtoidleness.Atthesametimedoingtiringerrandseverydaycaninfluencethepoorstudents'healthandstudy.PoorStudents'RunningErrandsInrecentyears,manypoorstudentsarepaidbytheirrichclassmatesforrunningerrands.Astowhetheritisgoodornot,opinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplebelievethatitisagoodwayfortheneedystudentstolivethroughthe4yearsofcollegelife.Withthemoneytheyearnfromrunningerrandsforotherstudents,thefinancialburdenofthepoorstudentscanberelieved.However,someotherpeopleholdadifferentopinion.Asallstudentsoncampusareequal,it'snotrightforstudentswithfinancialproblemstodoinferiorjobsforotherclassmatesformoney.Iftheschooldoesn'tstopthis,studentsoncampuswillbedividedintotwoclassessoonerorlater.Inmyopinion,schoolsshouldforbidthiskindofthingsforthesakeofbothrichstudentsandpoorstudents.Bypayingtheirpoorclassmatesfordoingwhattheyshoulddothemselves,therichstudentswillgetusedtoidleness.Atthesametime,doingtiringerrandseverydaycaninfluencethepoorstudents'healthandstudy.

5.PressureinModernLifePeoplearefacedwithmoreandmorepressureinmodernlife.Adultshavetocompetewithoneanotherforbetterjobshigherpaysdesirableprizesandopportunitiesofpromotion.EvensmallcPressureinModernLifePeoplearefacedwithmoreandmorepressureinmodernlife.Adultshavetocompetewithoneanotherforbetterjobs,higherpays,desirableprizesandopportunitiesofpromotion.Evensmallc

6.Thetableusesfourbroadeconomicindicatorstoshowthestandardoflivinginfiveselectedcountriesin2000includingboththemostdevelopednationintheworldandsomeofthemuchlessdevelopednations.AscanbeseenfromthestatisticstheU.S.A.-oneoftherichestcountriesintheworld-hadthehighestGNPanddailycalorieintakethelongestlifeexpectancyandthelowestinfantmortalityrate.Theotherdevelopingcountrieshadaconsiderablylowerqualityoflife.EgyptIndonesiaandBoliviaweresimilarintheirrangeofindicatorswithEgypthavingthehighestqualityoflifeamongthethree.HoweverEgypt'sinfantmortalityratewasslightlyhigherthanIndonesia'sat40deathsper1000comparedto31inIndonesia.Bangladeshhadbyfarthelowestqualityoflifeinallthefourindicators.ItsGNPwasonlyaboutone-fortieththatoftheU.S.A.ThefigureintermsofthedailycaloriesupplyperheadinBangladeshisthehalfofthatinU.S.A.anditsinfantmortalityratewas6timesgreater.InconclusionitcanbeseenfromtheeconomicindicatorsthatthefourdevelopingcountrieshavealongwaytogobeforereachingthesamelevelofqualityoflifeastheU.S.A.AtthesametimetheU.S.A.hastheresponsibilitytohelptheothercountriestodeveloptheireconomiesandimprovetheirpeople'slivingstandards.Thetableusesfourbroadeconomicindicatorstoshowthestandardoflivinginfiveselectedcountriesin2000,includingboththemostdevelopednationintheworldandsomeofthemuchlessdevelopednations.Ascanbeseenfromthestatistics,theU.S.A.-oneoftherichestcountriesintheworld-hadthehighestGNPanddailycalorieintake,thelongestlifeexpectancyandthelowestinfantmortalityrate.Theotherdevelopingcountrieshadaconsiderablylowerqualityoflife.Egypt,IndonesiaandBoliviaweresimilarintheirrangeofindicators,withEgypthavingthehighestqualityoflifeamongthethree.However,Egypt'sinfantmortalityratewasslightlyhigherthanIndonesia's,at40deathsper1,000comparedto31inIndonesia.Bangladeshhadbyfarthelowestqualityoflifeinallthefourindicators.ItsGNPwasonlyaboutone-fortieththatoftheU.S.A.ThefigureintermsofthedailycaloriesupplyperheadinBangladeshisthehalfofthatinU.S.A.,anditsinfantmortalityratewas6timesgreater.Inconclusion,itcanbeseenfromtheeconomicindicatorsthatthefourdevelopingcountrieshavealongwaytogobeforereachingthesamelevelofqualityoflifeastheU.S.A.Atthesametime,theU.S.A.hastheresponsibilitytohelptheothercountriestodeveloptheireconomiesandimprovetheirpeople'slivingstandards.

7.RuralWorkers:AMixedBlessingfortheCityTheearly1990sfoundanunprecedentedtideofruralworkersfloodingintobigcitiessuchasShanghaiGuangzhouandBeijing.AccordingtoarecentsurveyinShanghaialonetherearemorethan2.5millionmigrantworkers.Thereisanambivalentfeelingtowardsruralworkers.Noonedeniestheimportantcontributionruralworkershavemadetotheurbandevelopment.Theyhavedonemostofdirtydangerousandunderpaidjobsinheavyindustriesconstructionsitesandotherfieldsthatcityresidentsunwillingtoenter.Theyhavebecomeanindispensablepartofurbanlifetoapointwherethemachineryofacitycannotoperatewithoutthosecogsthoughsmallandunnoticed.Yetanantimigrantattituderunsconsistentlythroughthemainstreamofurbanconsciousness.Cityresidentscomplainthatmigrantworkershaveworsenedtrafficandsanitationproblemandhavethreatenedtotakealreadyscarceurbanjobs.Theyalsoblamethemforthesharpriseintheurbancrimerate.Despitetheproblemsposedbymigrantsonethingiscertain:agrandprosperousedificeofthecityisbasedontheworkofmillionsofmigrantworkers.RuralWorkers:AMixedBlessingfortheCityTheearly1990sfoundanunprecedentedtideofruralworkersfloodingintobigcitiessuchasShanghai,Guangzhou,andBeijing.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,inShanghaialonetherearemorethan2.5millionmigrantworkers.Thereisanambivalentfeelingtowardsruralworkers.Noonedeniestheimportantcontributionruralworkershavemadetotheurbandevelopment.Theyhavedonemostofdirty,dangerousandunderpaidjobsinheavyindustries,constructionsitesandotherfieldsthatcityresidentsunwillingtoenter.Theyhavebecomeanindispensablepartofurbanlifetoapointwherethemachineryofacitycannotoperatewithoutthosecogs,thoughsmallandunnoticed.Yetanantimigrantattituderunsconsistentlythroughthemainstreamofurbanconsciousness.Cityresidentscomplainthatmigrantwo