2023高考英語外刊閱讀訓(xùn)練（二）

外刊精讀：

如何專心致志地做事？

導(dǎo)讀：

保持專心致志有時很難。不過，要是知道讓自己分心的原因，就可能有助集中注意力。

科學(xué)家研究了導(dǎo)致“拖延癥”的原因，找出了一些幫助人們進入工作或?qū)W習(xí)狀態(tài)的方法。

本文圍繞這些建議展開討論。

一、語篇泛讀

Whenyouwereatschool,wereyouevertoldtostopdaydreamingandconcentrate?

Itwaseasyforyourmindtowanderifyouweren'tinterestedinwhatyouwerelearning

orifyouhadbetterthingstothinkabout.Stayingfocusedcanstillbeachallengeinadult

life,butunderstandinghowtodoit,andknowingwhatisdistractingyou,canhelp.

Scientistshavelookedatwhatmakesusprocrastinateandfoundanumberofways

tohelpusstayinthezone.Oneofthemostobviousthingsiseliminatingnoise.Research

byScienceFocusmagazinefoundsilenceisbestforconcentrationoragentlebackground

humandcoffeeshopnoiseisgreat!Italsofoundturningoffnotificationsonyourphone,

orswitchingitoffaltogether,removesamajordistractionandhelpsusfocusonthetask

athand.

Anotherpossiblecureforashortattentionspanisbraintraining.Psychologists

andneuroscientistsareincreasinglyinterestedinourabilitytoknuckledownandhave

lookedatwhatwecanchangeinsideourheadtomakeusconcentrate.AnarticleforBBC

FuturebyCarolineWilliamssaysthatAttentionResearcherNilliLavieofUniversity

CollegeLondonhasfoundthatmakingataskmorevisuallydemanding...takesup

moreprocessingpowerandleavesthebrainnothinglefttoprocessdistractions.So,

keepingyourmindbusymightbetheanswer.

Therearemorepracticaltipstokeepingyourmindfocused.Theseincludemakinga

listortimetableofthetasksyouhavetodo,findingaworkspacewhereyou'renot

temptedtodootherthings,orchewingsomegum!It'spossiblethemovementinyour

mouthoccupiespartsofthebrainthatmightotherwisegetdistracted.

ButaccordingtoScienceFocusmagazine,distractionisn'tallbad."Ifwewerealways

sofocusedthatwenevergotdistracted,we'dmisspotentialchanges,suchasthreats,in

ourenvironment.Distractionisvitalforsurvival//

二、詞匯表

daydream做白日夢

mindtowander走神，心不在焉

focused專注的

distract干擾,使分心

procrastinate拖延

inthezone狀態(tài)極佳，在狀態(tài)

silence安靜，無聲

taskathand手頭的任務(wù)

shortattentionspan注意力持續(xù)時間短,注意力不集中

braintraining大腦訓(xùn)練

neuroscientist神經(jīng)科學(xué)家

knuckledown開始努力工作或?qū)W習(xí)

visuallydemanding視覺上費力的,需要勞神看的

processingpower處理能力

threat威脅

三、測試與練習(xí)

閱讀課文并回答問題。

1.Whatshouldyoutrytoremoveifyouwanttoconcentrateproperly?

2.Accordingtooneexpert,whatusesupprocessingpowerinourbrain?

3.Whatmightwemissifwedidn'tgetdistracted?

4.Whymightfindingasuitableworkspacehelpyouconcentrate?

5.Whoareparticularlyinterestedinourabilitytostayfocused?

選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1.Iwasonthetrainandmissedmystop!

focuseddistracting

daydreamingsilence

2.Mysonhasaandcan'tconcentrateonhisschoolwork.

shortattentionspan

shortattentionspans

shortattentivespan

attentionshortspan

3.Youneedtoifyouwanttogetallyourworkcompletedontime.

procrastinatetaskathand

knuckledowndaydream

4.Theremustbeabsoluteintheexamhall.

threatssilence

focusedneuroscientists

5.Inouryogaclass,weweretoldtorelaxandallowour.

wanderourmind

wanderingmind

mindtowandering

mindtowander

【參考答案】

閱讀課文并回答問題。

1.Whatshouldyoutrytoremoveifyouwanttoconcentrateproperly?

Oneofthemostobviousthingsiseliminatingnoise.

2.Accordingtooneexpert,whatusesupprocessingpowerinourbrain?

AttentionResearcherNilliLavieofUniversityCollegeLondonhasfoundthat

makingataskmorevisuallydemandingtakesupmoreprocessingpower.

3.Whatmightwemissifwedidn'tgetdistracted?

AccordingtoScienceFocusmagazine,ifwewerealwayssofocusedthatwenever

gotdistracted,we'dmisspotentialchanges,suchasthreats,inourenvironment.

4.Whymightfindingasuitableworkspacehelpyouconcentrate?

Findingaworkspacemeansyou/renottemptedtodootherthings.

5.Whoareparticularlyinterestedinourabilitytostayfocused?

Psychologistsandneuroscientistsareincreasinglyinterestedinourabilitytotry

andfocusandconcentrate.

選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1.Iwasdaydreamingonthetrainandmissedmystop!

2.Mysonhasashortattentionspanandcan'tconcentrateonhisschoolwork.

3.Youneedtoknuckledownifyouwanttogetallyourworkcompletedontime.

4.Theremustbeabsolutesilenceintheexamhall.

5.Inouryogaclass,weweretoldtorelaxandallowourmindtowander.

我們?yōu)槭裁磹劭簇堖湟曨l？

導(dǎo)讀：

上網(wǎng)時，你有沒有過這樣的經(jīng)歷：在不知不覺中陷入了看貓咪視頻的循環(huán)中，無法自

拔??????為什么和其它萌寵相比，與貓有關(guān)的視頻往往更受歡迎？本文探討搞笑貓咪視頻讓人

無法抗拒的魅力。

一、語篇泛讀

We'veallbeenthere.Oneminuteyou'researchingforsomethingserious,likea

recipefordinner,orsomethingforwork,andthenextyou'vebeensuckedinbyendless

videosofcatsdoingfunnythingsafterseeingacatchytitleinyoursuggestedvideos

column.They'recompelling,engrossingandcaptivating,andyoucanendupspending

hourswatchingkittensmakefunnynoisesormistimingjumps.Butwhydothesevideosso

oftenendupgoingviral?Whatmakesthemsoenthralling?Andwhyaretheymore

popularthandogvideos?

First,letstalkaboutstereotypes.Whenmanyofusthinkaboutdogs,weimagine

themrollingoverontotheirbacks,tongueshangingout,ormakingamess.Theyseem

trustingandinnocent-andtheydosillythings.Cats,ontheotherhand,seemsomewhat

morerefinedandindependent.There'sareasonwehaveanexpression"coolcat'.In

short,catsseemmoreserious-andsavvy.Ifwecangetoneoveronacatandmake

themdosomethinglikegetinaboxthatslidesdownahill,it'scomical.Butwithadog,

it'snotasfunnybecausetheytrustyou-andit'seasier.Trickingacat,dueto

theirwiliness,hasmorepayoff.

Theinternetisfilledwithvideosofcatsmakingfunnyfacesorreactingstrangely.But

whyaretheysofunny?Well,simply-it'sunexpected.Ifyousawacatwalkingdownthe

streetcoollyorobservingandpreparingtoattackamouse,itwouldn'tbefunny.Butif

thatcatwaswalkingsideways,wearingasillycostume,orbecomingbestfriendswiththe

mouse,suddenlywemightstarttolaugh.Watchingacatthatis

normallymajesticwalkclumsilyorpullabizarrefaceishilariousbecauseit'snot

somethingwewouldnormallyassociatewiththatanimal.It'slikewatchingsomeonewho

isnormallyveryseriousgetthegiggles.Insomeways,we'realllaughingattheirfallfrom

grace.

Sothenexttimeyouseeoneofthosemanymemesofcatsinawkwardsituationsor

videosthatmakeyouchuckle,trytorememberwhyit'ssofunny.Andspareathoughtfor

allthosedogsthataretryingtoentertainustoo.

二、詞匯表

suckin陷入

compelling引人入勝的

engrossing非常有趣的

captivating令人著迷的

viral（在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上）迅速傳播的

enthralling吸引人的

stereotype成見

refined優(yōu)雅的

coolcat時尚的人

savvy精明的

getoneoveron捉弄

trick戲弄

wiliness狡猾

unexpected意想不到的

majestic高貴的,有威嚴(yán)的

clumsily笨拙地

pullaface做鬼臉

thegiggles咯咯傻笑，笑個不停

fallfromgrace失態(tài)

meme（用當(dāng)下流行文化素材配上文字的）自制表情包

三、測試與練習(xí)

閱讀課文并回答問題。

1.Whatmightwehavebeendoingbeforewestartedwatchingcatvideos?

2.Whatdomanyofusthinkarethecharacteristicsofdogs?

3.Whatdomanyofusthinkarethecharacteristicsofcats?

4.Whyisitnotasfunnytotrickadog?

5.Whyisitfunnytowatchacatpullafunnyface?

選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1.Ican/tstoplaughing-I'vegotthe.

majesticwiliness

gigglestricking

2.Ithoughtshewassokind,butwhenIfoundoutshehadbeenspreadingbadrum

ours,itreallywasafromgrace.

plummetrise

falljump

3.Wow!Yourvideohassomanyviews.Ithinkitwent.

virologyvirus

viralvirologist

4.Ifindthesesortsofvideosreally.Ican'tstopwatchingthem.

chunkilyengrossing

pullafacecoolcat

5.Stopsendingme.Myinboxisoverflowingwithsillyimages!

refinedsavvy

getoneoveronmemes

【參考答案】

閱讀課文并回答問題。

1.Whatmightwehavebeendoingbeforewestartedwatchingcatvideos?

Wemighthavebeendoingsomethingseriouslikelookingforrecipesorsomething

forwork.

2.Whatdomanyofusthinkarethecharacteristicsofdogs?

Manyofusthinkdogsareinnocent,trustingandsilly.

3.Whatdomanyofusthinkarethecharacteristicsofcats?

Manyofusthinkcatsareindependent,smartanduntrusting.

4.Whyisitnotasfunnytotrickadogcomparedwithacat?

Becausedogsaretrusting,it'seasytotrickthem.Catsontheotherhanddon't

seemastrusting-sowhenyoutrickthem,there'smorepayoff.

5.Whyisitfunnytowatchacatpullafunnyface?

Becauseitisunexpectedandoutofcharacter.

選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1.Ican'tstoplaughing-I'vegotthegiggles.

2.Ithoughtshewassokind,butwhenIfoundoutshehadbeenspreadingbadrum

ours,itreallywasafallfromgrace.

3.Wow!Yourvideohassomanyviews.Ithinkitwentviral.

4.Ifindthesesortsofvideosreallyengrossing.Ican'tstopwatchingthem.

5.Stopsendingmememes.Myinboxisoverflowingwithsillyimages!

我們有必要害怕數(shù)學(xué)嗎？

導(dǎo)讀：

并非人人都喜歡或懂得數(shù)學(xué)。自上學(xué)起，不少人就開始害怕這門科目，并且從未克服

這種感覺。究竟是什么讓我們對數(shù)字產(chǎn)生恐懼？怎樣才能戰(zhàn)勝這種心理？本文探討人們懼

怕數(shù)學(xué)的原因和改變這種心態(tài)的方法。

一、語篇泛讀

Howgoodareyouatmaths?Somepeoplelovethechallengeofalgebraorenjoy

workingoutnumberpuzzlessuchasSudoko.Mathsisallaroundus,fromworkingout

howtosplitthebillafterameal,tocalculatingyourhouseholdbills.Butmanydreadthe

momentwhentheyhavetodealwithnumbersandfiguresandfeelarealsenseofworry

andconfusion.Itcanseemdaunting,butthis'mathsanxiety'isperfectlynormal,and

you'redefinitelynotalone.Andanyway,ourworriesandfearsdon'tnecessarilyreflect

ourability.

Theproblemreallystartsinchildhood,atschool.Researchhasfoundthatmaths

teacherswhoarenervousaboutteachingthesubjectcanpassontheiranxietytothe

pupils,andgirlsmaybemorelikelytobeaffected.TheProgrammeforInternational

StudentAssessmentfoundaround31%of15and16-year-oldsacross34countriessaid

theygotverynervousdoingmathsproblems,33%saidtheygottensedoing

mathshomework,andnearly60%saidtheyworriedmathsclasseswouldbedifficult.

ShulaitKahn,fromBostonUniversity'sQuestionSchoolofBusiness,toldtheBBCshe

believesgivingstudents,particularlygirls,goodrolemodels“iscritical,especiallyata

youngage”.Shethinksthekeyistogetpeople,especiallywomen,wholoveteaching

mathstoyoungerchildren.

WritingforBBCFuture,DavidRobsonsays"It'snotclearwhymathsarousessomuch

fearcomparedtogeography.Butthefactthatthere'sarightorwronganswer-there's

noroomforbluffing-mightmakeyoumoreworriedaboutunderperforming/'Andonce

weassumewe'renota'mathsperson',weavoidsolvingthingsthatweprobablycould

do.

Psychologistshavebeentryingtoworkoutwhymentalarithmeticcanbringusout

inasweat.Thatseedoffearmaycomefrommanysources,butsomesuggest

thatarticulatingyourfearscanloosentheirholdonyou,andencouragechildrentoseea

mathstestasachallenge,notathreat.Ideally,weneedtothinkpositivelyaboutmaths

andgiveitasecondchance.

二、詞匯表

algebra代數(shù)

puzzle謎題，智力游戲

Sudoku數(shù)獨游戲

splitthebill分?jǐn)傎M用

calculate計算

figures數(shù)字

mathsanxiety數(shù)學(xué)焦慮癥

ability能力

nervous緊張的,擔(dān)憂的

problem習(xí)題，問題

homework家庭作業(yè)

rolemodel榜樣

bluff蒙混過關(guān)

underperform表現(xiàn)不佳

solve解決

mentalarithmetic心算

articulate清楚表達

challenge挑戰(zhàn)

asecondchance第二次機會

三、測試與練習(xí)

閱讀課文并回答問題。

1.Whendoesmathsanxietyreallybegin?

2.Whatcanhappenifteachersarenervousaboutteachingmaths?

3.Trueorfalse?Ifwedon'tlikemaths,weareunabletosolvemathematical

problems.

4.Howshouldchildrenviewamathstest?

5.WhatdoesShulamitKahnthinkshouldbedonetohelpchildrenenjoymaths?

2.選擇意思恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞組來完成下列句子。

1.Accordingtomy―_____,we'veactuallymadeaprofitthisyear.

algebrafigures

abilitysolving

2.Youcan'taffordtopayforusbothsolet's_______.

splitthebillspiltthebill

splitsthebillsplitmybill

3.I've_______howmuchyouowemefortheshopping-it's20pounds!

calculatedbluffing

solvedpuzzled

4.Climbingthemountainwasareal,butitwasworthitwhenIgottothe

top.

ability