2022-2023年江蘇省無(wú)錫市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題一卷(含答案)

2022-2023年江蘇省無(wú)錫市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題一卷(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.HowtoFindTimetoRead

Doyouwanttoknowhowtoimproveyourselfallthetimewithouthavingtospendmoretimereadingbecauseyougetinvolvedinworkeveryday?Doesitsoundtoogoodtobetrue?Well,readon,please.

AnAverageReader

Ifyouareanaveragereaderyoucanreadanaveragebookattherateof300wordsaminute.Youcannotmaintainthataverage,however,unlessyoureadregularlyeveryday.Norcanyoureachthatspeedwithhardbooksinscience,mathematics,agriculture,business,oranysubjectthatisneworunfamiliartoyou.Thechancesarethatyouwillneverattemptthatspeedwithpoetryorwanttoracethroughsomepassagesinfictionoverwhichyouwishtolinger.Butformostofthenovels,biographies,andbooksabouttravel,hobbiesorpersonalinterests,ifyouareanaveragereaderyoushouldhavenotroubleatallinabsorbingmeaningandpleasureoutof300printedwordsevery60seconds.

Statisticsarenotalwayspractical,butconsiderthefollowing:Iftheaveragereadercanread300wordsaminuteofaveragereading,thenin15minuteshecanread4500words.Multipliedby7,thedaysoftheweek,theproductis315000.Anothermultiplicationby12,themonthsoftheyear,resultsinagrandtotalof1512000words.Thatisthetotalnumberofwordsofaveragereadinganaveragereadercandoinjust15minutesadayforoneyear.

Booksvaryinlengthfrom60000to1000000words.Theaverageisabout75000words.Inoneyearofaveragereadingbyanaveragereaderfor15minutesaday,20bookswillberead.That'salotofbooks.Itis4timesthenumberofbooksreadbypublic-libraryborrowersinAmerica.Andyetitiseasilypossible.

SirWilliamOsier

OneofthegreatestofallmodernphysicianswasSirWilliamOsier.HetaughtattheJohnsHopkinsMedicalSchoolHefinishedhisteachingdaysatMcGillUniversity.Manyoftheout-standingphysicianstodaywerehisstudents.Nearlyallofthepracticingdoctorsoftodaywerebroughtuponhismedicaltextbooks.Amonghismanyremarkablecontributionstomedicinearehisunpublishednotesonhowthepeopledie.

Hisgreatnessisattributedbyhisbiographersandcriticsnotalonetohisprofoundmedicalknowledgeandinsightbuttohisbroadgeneraleducation,forhewasaveryculturedman.Hewasveryinterestedinwhatmenhavedoneandtaughtthroughouttheages.Andheknewthattheonlywaytofindoutwhatthebestexperiencesoftheracehadbeenwastoreadwhatpeoplehadwritten.ButOsler'sproblemwasthesameaseveryoneelse's,onlymoreso.Hewasabusyphysician,ateacherofphysicians,andamedical-researchspecialist.Therewasnotimeina4-hourdaythatdidnotrightlybelongtooneofthesethreeoccupations,exceptthefewhoursforsleep,meals,andbodilyfunctions.

Oslerarrivedathissolutionearly.Hewouldreadthelast15minutesbeforehewanttosleep.Ifbedtimewassetfor11:00Pm,hereadfrom11:00to11:15.Ifresearchkepthimupto2:00AM,hereadfrom2:00to2:15.Overaverylongtime,Oslerneverbroketheroleoncehehadestablishedit.Wehaveevidencethatafterawhilehesimplycouldnotfallasleepuntilhehaddonehis15minutesofreading.

Inhislifetime,Oslerreadasignificantlibraryofbooks.Justdoamentalcalculationforhalfacenturyof15-minutereadingperiodsdailyandseehowmanybooksyouget.Considerwhatarangeofinterestsandvarietyofsubjectsarepossibleinonelifetime.Oslerreadwidelyoutsideofmedicalspecialty.Indeed,hedevelopedfromthis15-minutereadinghabitavocationalspecialtytobalancehisvocationalspecialization.AmongscholarsinEnglishliterature,OslerisknownasanauthorityonSirThomasBrowne,seventeenthcenturyEnglishprosemaster,andOsler'slibraryonSirThomasisconsideredoneoft

A.YB.NC.NG

2.Theexampleofcrossingthestreetshowsthatthemiddleschoolboyis______.

3.ThestudyorganizedbyMMSindicatedthatifoilwasreleasedintodeepseas,______.

A.theoilwouldnotdispersebutsinktotheseafloor

B.theoilwouldkillallthefishesandmarineplants

C.muchoftheoilwouldremaininthewatercolumn

D.alltheoilwouldrisetothesurfaceveryquickly

4.

TheGreenhouseEffectisgenerallybelievedtocomefromthe______intheatmosphere.

5.

Itfoundthatincreasesinairpollutiontendedto______.

6.Theauthorsaysthatforegoingacollegeeducationisoftennotawisechoicebecause______ofthe50highestpayingjobsrequireafour-yearcollegedegreeexceptforairtrafficcontrollersandnuclearpowerreactoroperators.

7.

Thehumanpopulationgrowthisthecausesofalloftheenvironmentalproblems.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Accordingtosomeresearchers,______inthebodycangiveriseto.certainmentalchanges.

9.It'sthemonitoringfunctionthatmakesthehostprocessorfinallysolveadisputeaboutatransaction.

10.Antipollutionlegislationshavebeenenactedthankstothecontinuedpressurefrom______.

A.grass-rootsorganizations

B.individualactivism

C.environmentalists

D.environmentalregulation

11.

______hasbecomeanimportantpartoftheinternationalshoppingmall.

12.

DavidJablonskiandhiscolleaguesdividedtheEarth'ssurfaceintotwo:______andthe"extratropics".

13.

Earbud-relatedhearinglosssufferedbypeoplewho______.

A.developthetypeofhearinglosslikemucholderadults

B.exposethemselvestomusicforlongerperiodsoftime

C.useportableplayersmoretimeandturnupthevolume

D.spendmuchmoretimelisteningtotheirmusicplayers

14.JudgingfromDukeUniversity'srecentstudy,evenstudentsrecruitedbytopcollegesseemtohave______before.

15.

Fromhisfindings,Hayhasestablishedsomeflexibleguidelinesforparentsofidenticaltwins.Onesuggestionisforparentsto______sothatcontactwithotherchildrenwill______acceleratelanguagedevelopment.

16.

Tosaveenergyforanunexpectedsituation,yourbodystoresanaccumulationof______.

17.

HearingthenewsoftheKlondikeGoldRush,Emery'sfatherandhisbrother-in-lawdecidedtogotoAlaskatogether.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

FedExExpresswasaninstantsuccessafterthecompanywassetupin1971.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

In1944,governmentofficialswereinterestedinFuller'sfamilydwellingbecauseitcouldbe______.

20.

Crammerscanimprovetheirgradesbyaddinginformal______beforetheoverwhelmingpressureison.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(19)

A.Howprimitivepeopleusedflags.

B.Whattheancientmeansofcommunicationwas.

C.Whythetorchtowerswerebuilt.

D.HowtheGreatWallcameintobeing.

22.(38)

23.

【B11】

24.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Iheardtherewasasceneatthedinnerlastnight.

M:You'reright.NobodyatthetablecouldputupwithDr.Lawrence.Heproposedthatlifewouldbemuchbetterinthiscountryifwehadasegregationpolicy.

Q:HowdidtheotherguestsfeelaboutDr.Lawrence'ssuggestion?

(13)

A.Allofthemdisagreedwithhim.

B.Someofthemdisagreedwithhim.

C.Therewasnoreaction.

D.Therewasnoresponse.

25.(25)

A.Differentinpersonality.

B.Rudetowomendrivers.

C.Ratherdifficulttoplease.

D.Talkativeandgenerouswithtips.

26.(34)

A.TheRedbrickuniversitiesweresupportedbyprivateefforts.

B.TheRedbrickuniversitiesofferednewsubjectslikemodernlanguages.

C.TheRedbrickuniversitieshadlessinfluencefromthechurch.

D.theRedbrickuniversitieswereabletoofferabettercourseinaspecialsubject.

27.

【B6】

28.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Dr.GregoryConnollyisdirectoroftheofficefornon-smokingandhealthintheMassachusettspublichealthdepartment.HesaidtheU.S.had【B1】______Taiwan,Japan,KoreaandThailandwithtradesanctionsunlesstheyopeneduptheirmarketstoUScigarettesandtobacco【B2】______.

"Wearetradingthemcancerintheform.ofCamelcigarettes",Connollytoldaworldhealthconference."Thatissomethingtobe【B3】______andashamedof."Connollydidnotsaywhenthethreatsweremadeorbywhom.U.S.tobaccocompanyofficialswerenotimmediately【B4】______forcomment.

AmericanCancerSocietychief【B5】______WilliamTippingsaid,"Americancorporationsarethe【B6】______ofanepidemicandourgovernmenthasbecomeawilling【B7】______fortheenforced.exportofthatepidemic.ThoseofusfromAmericacanonlyfeelashamedatouradministration's【B8】______inunderminingworldhealth."

【B9】______.LaterWednesday,theAmericanCancerSocietyannouncedthatitsnewTradeforLifecampaignwouldhelpThailandfightwhatitcalledU.S.movestoforceopentheAsiancountry'smarkettoAmericantobaccocompanies.【B10】______.TippingsaidtheGATTcasecouldsetaprecedentinallowinginternationaltobaccocompaniestoforcetheirproductsandadvertisingondevelopingcountries,【B11】______.

【B1】

29.聽(tīng)力原文：Faces,likefingerprints,areunique.Didyoueverwonderhowitispossibleforustorecognizepeople?Evenaskilledwriterprobablycouldnotdescribeallthefeaturesthatmakeonefacedifferentfromanother.Yetaveryyoungchildorevenananimal,suchasapigeoncanlearntorecognizefaces.Wealltakethisabilityforgranted.

Wealsotellpeopleapartbyhowtheybehave.Whenwetalkaboutsomeone'spersonality,wemeanthewaysinwhichheorsheacts,speaks,thinksandfeelsthatmakethatindividualdifferentfromothers.

Likethehumanface,humanpersonalityisverycomplex.Butdescribingsomeone'spersonalityinwordsissomewhateasierthandescribinghisface.Ifyouwereaskedtodescribewhata"niceface"lookedlike,youprobablywouldhaveadifficulttimedoingso.Butifyouwereaskedtodescribea"niceperson,"youmightbegintothinkaboutsomeonewhowaskindconsiderate,friendly,warm-hearted,andsoon.

Therearemanywordstodescribehowapersonthinks,feelsandacts.AnAmericanpsychologistfoundnearly18,000Englishwordscharacterizingdifferencesinpeople'sbehavior.Andmanyofususethisinformationasabasisfordescribing,ortypinghispersonality.Bookworms,conservatives,militarytypes:peoplearedescribedwithsuchterms.

Peoplehavealwaystriedto"type"eachother.ActorsinearlyGreekdramaworemaskstoshowtheaudiencewhethertheyplayedthevillains'ortheheroes'role.Infact,thewords"person"and"personality"comefromtheLatinpersona,meaning"mask"Today,mosttelevisionandmovieactorsdonotwearmasks.Butwecaneasilytellthe"goodguys"fromthe"badguys"becausethetwotypesdifferinappearanceaswellasinactions.'

(33)

A.Howtodistinguishpeople'sfaces.

B.Howtodescribepeople'spersonality.

C.Howtodistinguishpeoplebothinwardandoutward.

D.Howtodiffergoodpersonsfrombadpersons.

30.聽(tīng)力原文：M:So,Mary,howdidyoulikethefilm?

W:Well,generallyspeaking,itwasverygood.Thepartofthemaidwasplayedbeautifully,butIthoughtthemanwhoplayedthesalesmanwastoodramatictoberealistic.

Q:Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthemovie?

(14)

A.Thewomanthinksthemaidwasbeautiful.

B.Thewomanthinksthesalesmanexaggeratedhispart.

C.Thewomanthinksthesalesmanwasrealistic.

D.Thewomanthinksthesalesmanwasnotdramaticenough.

31.

【B10】

32.(40)

33.聽(tīng)力原文：VirginiaBrownisintheninthgradeatAshleyHighSchoolSinceherfirstyearinschool,shehashadperfectattendanceandallhergradeshavebeenA's.However,shegotaCincookingclassandherheartwasbroken.Shedidn'tlikeitsomuchthatherdadfiledacomplaintinfederalcourtaboutit.Hethinksthattheteacher,whoiswhite,discriminatedagainsthisdaughter,whoisblack.(32)HeseekstohavehergradechangedfromaCtoanAandasksforunspecifiedfinancialdamages.

WhenVirginiagottheC,shecriedthewholeweekendandwouldn'tcomeoutofherroom.Thegirlhasn'tbeenthisupsetsincehercatgotrunoverbyacarwhenshewas6yearsold.

Virginiaisamodelstudent,andshe'stheclasspresident.(33)She'sontheswimteam.thevolleyballteam,andthetrackteam.Shebelongstothechessclub,andsheisamemberoftheGirlScoutsandsingsinherchurchchoir.

(34)Thehomeeconomicsteacheris28-year-oldJessicaSmith.Thisisherfirstyearteaching.MsSmiththoughtthatdiscriminationwasabsolutelynottheissue.SomeofherbestfriendsareAfrican-Americansandthatisn'tablackandwhiteproblem.Andsheisgoingtosuethemfordefamationofcharacterandwhateverelseherlawyercomesupwith.

(35)Theschoolprincipal,whogrewupinIndia,saidthathebackedMsSmith100percent.HethoughtthatVirginiawasanexcellentstudent,whowouldhavenoproblemgettingintothebestuniversitiesevenwithaCincooking.

(33)

A.Heonlywantstochangehisdaughter'sgrade.

B.Hewantstohavetheteacherapologizetohisdaughter.

C.Heonlyasksforcompensationforemotionaldamages.

D.Hewantstochangethegradeandcompensation.

34.(39)

35.

【B8】

36.

【B9】

37.(36)

A.Itmayexistintheneighborhoodofbigstars.

B.Itmayexistintheneighborhoodofagalaxy.

C.ItmayexistatthecenterofX-rays.

D.Itmayexistatthecenterofagalaxy.

38.(29)

A.Emphasizethegoodqualityofhisproducts.

B.Emphasizetherarityofhisproducts.

C.Emphasizethediscountofhisproducts.

D.Emphasizethefunctionofhisproducts.

39.(15)

A.Inabookstore.

B.Inalibrary.

C.Inaclassroom.

D.Inahotel.

40.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Whattimeisit?Idon'thavemywatchwithme.

W:Mywatchhasstopped.Imusthaveforgottentowinditlastnight.Let'saskMaryoverthere.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggest?

(17)

A.Windingthewatch.

B.Stoppingthewatch.

C.Settingthewatchbytheradio.

D.AskingMaryaboutthetime.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.(61)

42.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Muchofthelanguageusedtodescribemonetarypolicy,suchas"steeringtheeconomytoasoftlanding"or"atouchonthebrakes",makesitsoundlikeaprecisescience.Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.Thelinkbetweeninterestratesandinflationisuncertain.Andtherearelong,variablelagsbeforepolicychangeshaveanyeffectontheeconomy.

Givenallthesedisadvantages,centralbankersseemtohavehadmuchtoboastofaboutlate.Averageinflationinthebigsevenindustrialeconomiesfelltoamere2.3%lastyear,closetoItslowestlevelin30years,beforerisingslightlyto2.5%thisJuly.Thisisalongwaybelowthedouble-digitrateswhichmanycountriesexperiencedinthe1970sandearly1980s.

Itisalsolessthanmostforecastershadpredicted.Inlate1994thepanelofeconomistswhichTheEconomistpollseachmonthsaidthatAmerica'sinflationratewouldaverage3.5%in1995.Infact,itfellto2.6%inAugust,andisexpectedtoaverageonlyabout3%fortheyearasawhole.InBritainandJapaninflationisrunninghalfapercentagebelowtheratepredictedattheendofthelastyear.Thisisnoflashinthepan;overthepastcoupleofyears,inflationhasbeenconsistentlylowerthanexpectedinBritainandAmerica.

EconomistshavebeenparticularlysurprisedbyfavorableinflationfiguresinBritainandtheUnitedStates,sinceconventionalmeasuressuggestthatbotheconomies,esp.America's,havelittleproductiveslack.America'scapacityutilization,forexample,hithistoricallyhighlevelsearlierthisyear,anditsjoblessratehasfallenbelowmost

Whyhasinflationprovedsowild7Themostthrillingexplanationis,unfortunatelyalittledefective.Someeconomistsarguethatpowerfulstructuralchangesintheworldhaveup-endedtheoldeconomicmodelsthatwerebaseduponthehistoricallinkbetweengrowthandinflation.

Accordingtothepassage,makingmonetarypolicychanges______.

A.iscomparabletodrivingacar

B.issimilartocarryingoutscientificwork

C.willnotinfluencetheeconomyimmediately

D.willhaveanimmediateimpactontheinflationrate

43.

Accordingtothepassage,thegreatdevelopmentofTurnitinisdueto______.

A.itssuperbmanagement

B.thethrivingofacademiccheating

C.itsbigelectroniceye

D.thetestofitssoftwarebytheJointInformationSystemsCommittee

44.

Whatisthephysicaleffecttoapessimistparticularlyafteralife’sblow?

45.

OnechangeinthetraditionalIndianmarriageistheappearanceofseldom-mentionedword______inthemarriageadvertisement.

46.

WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutthelocalgovernmentsintheUS?

A.TheycompletelyfollowtheBritishpatternoflocalgovernment.

B.Theyhavenorightindealingwithlegalaffairs.

C.Theydonotgetfinancialsupportsfromthefederalgovernment.

D.Theyareinadilemmaintheirrelationshipwiththefederalgovernment.

47.

"Thetheory"inthelastsentenceofthefourthparagraphreferstothat______.

A.thebaby-boomerswillupsetthepattern

B.therearemoredemographicproblemsinJapan

C.theresultconcludedbyJohnLlewellynandCamilleChaix-Viros

D.theemergingmarketscanbeawayinapproachingtheproblem

48.

Wecanlearnfromtheauthor'scommentsonthetourisminJamaicathat______.

A.nativepeoplehatetourismbecauseitbenefitsthefewrichonly

B.mostnativepeoplearehappyaboutthefastdevelopmentofthelocaltourism

C.theadsforJamaicantourismgivetherealpictureoftheJamaicathelocalpeoplelivein

D.whitetouristvisitorsarewarmlyreceivedbythelocalnatives

49.

Byimitatingapersontohisliking,thechildtendstobecome______.

50.Peopletalkedaboutapromisingidea:usingtheelectricalwiringalreadyinthehousetomovedatafromroomtoroom.Oneearlyapplication,theX10systemforcontrollinglightsandappliances,didn'talwaysworkwell.Thetechnologywascertainlynotreadytobeusedtobringwebpagestocomputersanywhereinthehouse.

Alongcamethewirelessnetwork.For50,youcouldgettheInternetsprayedacrossthehouseandneverbeconfinedbyacordtothewall.Itwasslowinthoseearlydays,veryunreliable,andopentointerruptionifyoucouldn'tbotherwithsettinguptheencodedpasswords.

Butitcaughton.AccordingtoestimatesmadebyParksAssociates,amarketresearchfirmbasedinDallas,about12.5millionhomesnowhavewirelessnetworks;another10millionhomes,mostlynewerones,haveEthernet(以太網(wǎng)).

Cheapandprevalentisahardcombinationtobeat.However,technologycompaniescontinuedtoworkontheidea.AversionforpowerlinescalledHomePlugcameoutin2002,andwhileithardlyaffectedsalesofwirelessnetworkequipment,itsoldenoughthatmajorcompanieslikeIntel,Cisco,Sony,SharpandComcastcreatedtheHomePlugAlliancetopushfornext-generationproducts,withthefirsttocomeoutlaterthisyear.

Somecompaniesarenotwaiting.Panasonic,Netgear,Marantzarealreadyofferingproductsthatwillmovedatathroughhomeelectricallinesfasterthanrouters(刻紋機(jī))usingthecurrentWi-Fistandardforwirelessnetworking.

PanasonicstartedsellingitsHD-PLCEthernetadaptersforpowerlineslastmonth.OneadapterisattachedtoarouterwithashortEthernetcableandpluggedintoanearbywallsocket.Theseconddeviceispluggedintoasocketelsewhereinthehouse.WhenacomputerislinkedtoitwithanEthernetcable,dataistransmittedthroughthehome'selectricalwiringatspeedsofupto190megabits(兆位)asecond.

Netgearwillbesellingasimilarsystemnextmonthforabout$300.Itmovesdataataslightlyfasterrate.

MarantzsaysitsZR6001SPreceiverwillsendmusictospecialspeakersinanotherroomoverpowerlines.Thesystemincludesbothdevices.ThemusiclistenercontrolsthereceiverandtheCDplayersconnectedtoitfromacontrolpadonthespeakers.

Theseproductsseemhopelesscandidates.Whowouldliketopaytwoorthreetimesexpensivethanwirelessnetwork?Theanswerliesinsimplicity."It'swhymostpeopleneedus",Robertsaid,notingthecomplexityofinstallingawirelessnetworkisevidentbythefactthatreturnratesonwirelessnetworkingdevicesdroptonearlyzero.Thethreeproducts'makerssaidthatpeoplewhocannotgetwhole-housecoveragewithawirelesssystemorthoseplaguedbydeadzonesmightfinditappealing.

Thepromisingideamentionedinthefirstparagraph______.

A.hasmaturetechnologytosupportit

B.hasastableearlyapplication—theX10system

C.istotransmitdatabypowerlineswithinthehouse

D.fosteredproductswhichaffectedwirelessnetwork

51.

MichaelColeandhiscolleaguesdemonstratedthatadultperformanceondeductivereasoningtasksdependson______.

52.

WelearnfromHans'storythat______isveryimportantinobservation.

53.

ThepurposeofVolunteersinMedicineisto______.

A.helpretiredmedicalworkersimprovetheirincomes

B.providefreemedicalservicestothosewhoneedthem

C.urgethegovernmenttosetupnon-profitclinics

D.makethedreamoftheauthor'sfathercometrue

54.Onethingthetourbooksdon'ttellyouaboutLondonisthat2,000ofitsresidentsarefoxes.Asnativeastheroyalfamily,theyfledthecityaboutcenturiesagoafterdevelopersandpollutionmovedin.Butnowthattheenvironmentiscleaner,thefoxeshavecomehome,oneofthemanywildanimalsthathavemovedintourbanareasaroundtheworld.

"Thenumberandvarietyofwildanimalsinurbanareasisincreasing,"saysGomerJones,presidentoftheNationalInstituteforUrbanWildlife,inColumbia,Maryland.AsurveyofthewildlifeinNewYork'sCentralParklastyeartalliedthespeciesofmammals,includingmuskrats,shrewsandflyingsquirrels.Asimilarsurveyconductedinthe1890scountedonlyfivespecies.Oneofthecountry'slargestpopulationsofraccoons(浣熊)nowlivesinWashingtonD.C.,andmoose(駝鹿)areregularlyseenwanderingintoMainetowns.Peregrinefalcons(游隼)divefromthewindowledgesofbuildingsinthelargestU.S.citiestopreyonpigeons.

Severalchangeshavebroughtwildanimalstothecities.Foremostisthatairandwaterqualityinmanycitieshasimprovedasaresultofthe1970s'pollution-controlefforts.Meanwhile,ruralareashavebeenbuiltup,leavingmanyanimalsontheedgesofsuburbia.Inaddition,conservationistshavecreatedurbanwildliferefuges.

TheGreaterLondonCouncillastyearspent$750,000tobuylandandbuild10permanentwildliferefugesinthecity.Over1,000volunteershavedonatedmoneyandclearedrubblefromderelictlots.Asaresult,pheasantsnowstrutintheEastEndandbadgersscuttleacrosslawnsnearthecenteroftown.AcolonyofrarehousemartinsnestsonawindowledgebesideHarrods,andoneeveninglastyearafoxwasseenonWestminsterBridgelookingupatBigBen.

Forperegrinefalcons,citiesareactuallysaferthanruralcliffdwellings.By1970thebirdswereextincteastoftheMississippibecausetheDDThadmadetheireggstoothinmsupportlife.Thatyear,ornithologistTomCadeofCornellUniversitybeganrisingthebirdsforreleaseincities,forcitiesaffordedabundantfoodandcontainednoneoftheperegrine'snaturalpredators.

"Beforetheywereexterminated,somemigratedtocitiesontheirownbecausetheyhadrunoutofcliffspace,"Cadesays."Toperegrines,buildingsarejustlikecliffs."Hehasreleasedabout30birdssince1975inNewYork,Baltimore,PhiladelphiaandNorfolk,andofthe20pairsnowlivingintheEast,halfareurbanites."Afewoftheyoungoneshavegottenintotroublebyfallingdownchimneysandcrashingintowindow-glass,butoveralltheiradjustmenthasbeensuccessful."

Thefirstparagraphsuggeststhat______.

A.environmentiscrucialforwildlife

B.tourbooksarenotalwaysareliablesourceofinformation

C.Londonisacityoffox

D.foxesarehighlyadaptabletoenvironment

55.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

WheneverIhearaweatherreportdeclaringit'sthehottestJune10onrecordorwhatever,Ican'ttakeittooseriously,because"ever"reallymeans"aslongastherecordsgoback,"whichisonlyasfarasthelate1800s.Scientistshaveotherwaysofmeasuringtemperaturesbeforethat,though--notforindividualdates,buttheycantelltheaveragetemperatureofagivenyearbysuchproxymeasurementsasgrowthmarksincorals,depositsinoceanandlakesediments,andcoresdrilledintoglacialice.Theycanevenusedrawingsofglaciersastherewerehundredsofyearsagocomparedwithtoday.

Andinthemostcomprehensivecompilationofsuchdatatodate,saysanewreportfromtheNationalResearchCouncil,itlooksprettycertainthatthelastfewdecadeshavebeenhotterthananycomparableperiodinthelast400years.That'sablowtothosewhoclaimthecurrentwarmspellisjustpartofthenaturalupanddownofaveragetemperatures--afrequentassertionoftheglobal-warming-doubterscrowd.

Thereportwastriggeredbydoubtsaboutpast-climateclaimsmadelastyearbyclimatologistMichaelMann,oftheUniversityofVirginia(he'sthecreatorofthe"hockeystick"graphAlGoreusedin"AnInconvenientTruth"todramatizetheriseincarbondioxideinrecentyears).Mannclaimedthattherecentwarmingwasunprecedentedinthepastthousandyears--thatledCongresstoorderupanassessmentbytheprestigiousResearchCouncil.Theirconclusionwasthatathousandyearswasreasonable,butnotoverwhelminglysupportedbythedata.Butthepast400was--soresoundinglythatitfullysupportstheclaimthattoday'stemperaturesareunnaturallywarm,justasglobalwarmingtheoryhasbeenpredictingforahundredyears.Andifthere'sanydoubtaboutwhethertheseproxymeasurementsarereallylegitimate