2019年英語新必修二講義Unit1SectionⅠWarmingUpReading-Pre-reading

Everyyear,theWorldHeritageCommitteechoosesnaturalandculturalplacesaroundtheworldthathaveglobal(全球的)importance.TheynametheseplacesWorldHeritageSites.WhenaplacebecomesaWorldHeritageSite,itcanreceivemoneyfromtheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)tohelpprotectit.ButevenwhenaplaceisanofficialWorldHeritageSite,itcanstillbeatrisk.Everyyear,theWorldHeritageCommitteelooksatWorldHeritageSitesthatcouldbeindanger.Fromthese,theydecidewhichplacestheywillputontheirofficialListofWorldHeritageinDanger.TherearemanyreasonsaWorldHeritageSitebecomesendangered.Forexample,placescanbecomeendangeredthroughnaturalecological(生態(tài)的)damage.Overtime,windandwatercanbreakdownnaturalareas.Anotherrisktonaturalareasaroundtheworldisclimatechange(氣候變化).Forexample,risingtemperaturesaffecttheSagarmathaNationalPark.IntheparkstandsMountEverest,theworld'stallestmountain.Beautifuliceglaciersonthetopofthemountainarenowmelting.ItalsoaffectstheMuchoftherisktoWorldHeritageSitescomesfromhumanacts.AbuMenaisanancientChristiancityinEgypt.Itisahistoricalsitemadeofmanyoldstonebuildings.AbuMenawaslistedasaWorldHeritageSitein1979.Recentfarmingprojectsintheareacausedundergroundwaterlevelstorise.Thismakesthegroundunstable(不穩(wěn)定的).SomeofthebuildingsofAbuMenafell.TheEgyptiangovernmentputsandatthebaseofsomeofthebuildings.Butthesiteisstillindanger.Section_ⅠWarming_Up_&_Reading_—_Pre-readingeq\a\vs4\al([原文呈現(xiàn)])eq\a\vs4\al([讀文清障])INSEARCHOFTHEAMBERFrederickWilliamⅠ①，theKingofPrussia②，couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazing③history④.ThisgiftwastheAmberRoom,whichwasgiventhisnamebecauseseveraltonsofamberwereusedtomakeit⑤.Theamberwhichwasselected⑥hadabeautifulyellow-browncolourlikehoney⑦.Thedesign⑧oftheroomwasinthefancy⑨style⑩popularinthosedays.Itwasalsoatreasuredecorated?withgoldandjewels?，whichtookthecountry'sbestartists?abouttenyearstomakeInfact,theroomwasnotmadetobeagift.Itwasdesignedfor?thepalaceofFrederickⅠ.However,thenextKingofPrussia,FrederickWilliamⅠ，towhomtheamberroombelonged?，decidednottokeepit.In1716hegaveittoPetertheGreat.Inreturn?，theCzar?senthimatroop?ofhisbestsoldiers.SotheAmberRoombecamepartoftheCzar'swinterpalaceinStPetersburg?.Aboutfourmetreslong,theroomservedaseq\o(○,\s\up1(21))asmallreceptioneq\o(○,\s\up1(22))hallforimportantvisitors.①FrederickWilliamⅠ/'fredrIk'wIlj?me?'fз?st/腓特烈·威廉一世(普魯士國王)②Prussia/'pr???/n．(史)普魯士③amazing/?'meIzI?/adj.令人吃驚的amaze/?'meIz/vt.使吃驚；驚訝④couldneverhavedone絕不可能做過(用于對過去情況的推測)；that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作imagined的賓語。⑤which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾theAmberRoom；其中又包含一個(gè)because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。⑥select/sI'lekt/vt.挑選；選擇⑦h(yuǎn)oney/'h?nI/n．蜜；蜂蜜⑧design/dI'zaIn/n．設(shè)計(jì)；圖案；構(gòu)思vt.設(shè)計(jì)；計(jì)劃；構(gòu)思⑨fancy/'f?nsI/adj.奇特的；異樣的vt.想象；設(shè)想；愛好⑩style/staIl/n．風(fēng)格；風(fēng)度；類型inthefancystyle以奇特的風(fēng)格?decorate/'dek?reIt/v．裝飾；裝修decorate...with用……裝飾/裝修?jewel/'d?u??l/n.[C]珠寶；寶石jewelleryn.[U]珠寶(總稱)?artist/'ɑ?tIst/n．藝術(shù)家?過去分詞短語decoratedwith...作后置定語，修飾atreasure;which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，對atreasure起補(bǔ)充說明的作用。?bedesignedfor為……而設(shè)計(jì)?belong/bI'l??/vi.屬于；為……的一員belongto屬于，無進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。towhom...是towhom引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。?inreturn作為報(bào)答；回報(bào)?Czar/zɑ?/n．沙皇?troop/tru?p/n．群；組；軍隊(duì)，atroopof一群；一組?StPetersburg/s?nt'pi?t?zb??g/n．圣彼得堡eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))serveas充當(dāng)eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))reception/rI'sep?n/n．接待，receptionhall接待廳尋找琥珀屋[第1～2段譯文]普魯士國王腓特烈·威廉一世絕不可能想到他送給俄羅斯人民的厚禮會有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史。這件禮物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有這個(gè)名字，是因?yàn)榻ㄔ焖昧撕脦讎嵉溺?。選出來的琥珀色彩漂亮，呈現(xiàn)蜂蜜一樣的黃褐色。琥珀屋的設(shè)計(jì)采用了當(dāng)時(shí)流行的奇特的建筑式樣。它也是一件用金銀珠寶裝飾起來的珍品。一批這個(gè)國家最優(yōu)秀的藝術(shù)家用了大約10年的時(shí)間才把它完成。事實(shí)上，這個(gè)琥珀屋并不是作為禮物來建造的。它是為腓特烈一世的宮殿而設(shè)計(jì)(制作)的。然而，下一位普魯士國王，腓特烈·威廉一世，這個(gè)琥珀屋的主人卻決定不要它了。在1716年，他把琥珀屋送給了彼得大帝。作為回贈，沙皇則送給他一隊(duì)自己最好的士兵。這樣，琥珀屋就成了沙皇在圣彼得堡冬宮的一部分。這間琥珀屋長約4米，被用作接待重要來賓的小型會客室。Later,CatherineⅡeq\o(○,\s\up1(23))hadtheAmberRoommovedtoapalaceoutsideStPetersburgwhereshespenthersummers.Shetoldherartiststoaddmoredetailstoit.In1770theroomwascompletedthewayshewantedeq\o(○,\s\up1(24)).Almostsixhundredcandlesliteq\o(○,\s\up1(25))theroom,anditsmirrorsandpicturesshonelikegold.Sadly,althoughtheAmberRoomwasconsideredoneofthewonderseq\o(○,\s\up1(26))oftheworld,itisnowmissingeq\o(○,\s\up1(27)).InSeptember1941,theNaziarmywasnearStPetersburg.Thiswasatimewheneq\o(○,\s\up1(28))thetwocountrieswereatwareq\o(○,\s\up1(29)).BeforetheNaziscouldgettothesummerpalace,theRussianswereabletoremoveeq\o(○,\s\up1(30))somefurnitureeq\o(○,\s\up1(31))andsmallartobjectsfromtheAmberRoom.However,someoftheNazissecretlystoletheroomitself.Inlessthaneq\o(○,\s\up1(32))twodays100,000pieceswereputinsidetwenty-sevenwoodeneq\o(○,\s\up1(33))boxes.Thereisnodoubteq\o(○,\s\up1(34))thattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforK?nigsbergeq\o(○,\s\up1(35))，whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSeaeq\o(○,\s\up1(36)).Afterthat,whathappenedtotheAmberRoomeq\o(○,\s\up1(37))remainseq\o(○,\s\up1(38))amysteryeq\o(○,\s\up1(39)).Recently,theRussiansandGermanshavebuiltanewAmberRoomatthesummerpalace.Bystudyingoldphotosoftheformereq\o(○,\s\up1(40))AmberRoom,theyhavemadethenewonelookliketheoldone.In2003itwasreadyforthepeopleofStPetersburgwhentheycelebratedthe300thbirthdayoftheircityeq\o(○,\s\up1(41)).eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))CatherineⅡ/'k?θ?rIne?'sek?nd/葉卡捷琳娜二世eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))句中theway也可理解為as，表示“正如；按照”。eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))litv．點(diǎn)亮；照亮(light的過去式)eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))wondern.[C]奇跡；奇觀；奇事eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))missingadj.消失的；不見的eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))when為關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞atime，此處when相當(dāng)于at/duringwhich。eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))atwar處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))remove/rI'mu?v/vt.移動；搬開eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))furnituren．家具(總稱)，為不可數(shù)名詞，可用apieceof/anarticleof(一件),much,little等修飾。eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))lessthan少于eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))wooden/'w?dn/adj.木制的eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))doubt/da?t/n．懷疑；疑惑vt.懷疑；不信eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))K?nigsberg/'k??nIsb??g/n．哥尼斯堡eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))theBalticSea/'b??ltIk'si?/波羅的海eq\o(○,\s\up1(37))what引導(dǎo)主語從句并在從句中作主語。eq\o(○,\s\up1(38))remainlink-v.保持；繼續(xù)；依然，其后常接名詞或形容詞作表語。eq\o(○,\s\up1(39))mystery/'mIstrI；US'mIst?rI/n．神秘；神秘的事物eq\o(○,\s\up1(40))former/'f??m?/adj.以前的；從前的eq\o(○,\s\up1(41))whenthey...是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，不是定語從句。[第3～5段譯文]后來，葉卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宮殿中。她叫她的工匠增添了更多精細(xì)的裝飾。1770年，這間琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。將近600支蠟燭照亮了這個(gè)房間，里面的鏡子和圖畫就像金子一樣閃閃發(fā)光?？杀氖?，盡管琥珀屋被認(rèn)為是世界上的奇跡之一，可是現(xiàn)在它卻消失了。1941年9月，納粹德國的軍隊(duì)逼近圣彼得堡。這是在兩國交戰(zhàn)的時(shí)期。在納粹分子到達(dá)夏宮之前，俄羅斯人能夠把琥珀屋里的一些家具和小件藝術(shù)品搬走?？墒晴晡荼旧韰s被一些納粹分子偷偷地運(yùn)走了。在不到兩天的時(shí)間里，10萬個(gè)部件被裝進(jìn)了27個(gè)木箱。毫無疑問，這些箱子后來被裝上火車運(yùn)往哥尼斯堡，當(dāng)時(shí)在波羅的海海邊的一個(gè)德國城市。從那以后，琥珀屋發(fā)生了什么仍然是一個(gè)謎。近來，俄羅斯人和德國人已經(jīng)在夏宮建起了一個(gè)新的琥珀屋。通過研究琥珀屋原來的照片，他們建造的新琥珀屋看起來和舊的很像。2003年，圣彼得堡人民就用它來慶祝該市建成300周年。Pre-readingPleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．rare A．使吃驚；驚訝2．valuable B．設(shè)計(jì)；構(gòu)思；圖案3．survive C．移動；搬開4．a(chǎn)maze D．稀罕的；罕見的；珍貴的5．select E．裝飾；裝修6．design F．貴重的；有價(jià)值的7．fancy G．懷疑；疑惑；不信8．decorate H．幸免；幸存；生還9．doubt I．挑選；選擇10．remove J．奇特的；想象；設(shè)想1～5____________6～10____________答案：1～5DFHAI6～10BJEGCLead-inDoyouknowtheseculturalrelics?Matchthemwiththepicturesandwritedownthecountriestheybelongto.NamePictureCountryPotalaPalace,LhasaFChinaLeaningTowerofPisaBItalySiteofOlympiaDGreeceEiffelAFranceStonehengeCBritainTajMahalEIndiaWhile-readingFast-readingSkimthetextandcompletethefollowingquestions.1．What'sthemainideaofthetext?A．TheAmberRoomistheeighthwonderoftheB．HowwastheRoomcreatedandmissingandthewaythatpeoplelookedfortheAmberC．TheAmberRoomwaslostduringthewarandnevertobefoundD．ThelifeofFrederickWilliamⅠ.答案：B2．Matchthemainideaofeachparagraph.Para.1 A．changesabouttheownersofthePara.2 B．therebuildingoftheAmberPara.3 C．theintroductionofthePara.4 D．themissingoftheAmberPara.5 E．theimprovementoftheAmberPara.1—__C__Para.2—__A__Para.3—__E__Para.4—__D__Para.5—__B__Careful-reading(Ⅰ)True(T)orFalse(F)．1．TheAmberRoomhasastrange2．TheAmberRoomwasfirstbuilttobea3．TheAmberRoomaswellasitscontainswasstolenbytheNazi4．NoonehasseentheAmberRoomsinceitwasputonatrainfor5．FrederickWilliamⅠgavetheAmberRoomtoPetertheGreatinordertogetatroopofhisbest(Ⅱ)Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswers.1．TheKingofPrussiawhogavetheAmberRoomasagifttoRussiawas________.A．FrederickⅠ B．FrederickWilliamⅠC．PetertheGreat D．CatherineⅡ2．In1941,thecityofK?nigsbergbelongedto________.A．Germany B．RussiaC．Sweden D．France3．Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninferthat________.A．theRussiansandGermansdon'tthinktheAmberRoomwillbefoundsomeB．a(chǎn)newAmberRoomhasbeenbuiltinStPetersburg,RussiaC．boththeRussiansandGermanshavebuiltnewAmberRoomsintheirownD．thecityofStPetersburgwasbuiltin4．TheauthorintroducestheAmberRoomintheorderofA．time B．spaceC．importance D．logic答案：1～4BABAStudy-readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．FrederickWilliamⅠ，theKingofPrussia,couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]普魯士國王腓特烈·威廉一世絕不可能想到他送給俄羅斯人民的厚禮會有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史。2．ThisgiftwastheAmberRoom,whichwasgiventhisnamebecauseseveraltonsofamberwereusedtomake[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]這件禮物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有這個(gè)名字，是因?yàn)榻ㄔ焖昧撕脦讎嵉溺辍?．Itwasalsoatreasuredecoratedwithgoldandjewels,whichtookthecountry'sbestartistsabouttenyearstomake.[句式分析]本句是復(fù)合句，which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。先行詞是atreasure，引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中作主語。decoratedwithgoldandjewels是過去分詞短語作定語，相當(dāng)于定語從句whichwasdecoratedwithgoldandjewels。[嘗試翻譯]它也是一件用金銀珠寶裝飾起來的珍品。一批這個(gè)國家最優(yōu)秀的藝術(shù)家用了大約10年的時(shí)間才把它完成。4．ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforK?nigsberg,whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBaltic[句式分析]Thereisnodoubt為主干句，其后的thattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforK?nigsberg為that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea為非限制性定語從句，修飾K?nigsberg。[嘗試翻譯]毫無疑問，這些箱子后來被裝上火車運(yùn)往哥尼斯堡，當(dāng)時(shí)在波羅的海海邊的一個(gè)德國城市。Ⅰ.閱讀理解AJamieOliver,alivelyBritishguy,lovestosharehissecrets.Inhisfirsttelevisionshow,TheNakedChef,Olivertaughteveryonetomakesimplebutdeliciousfood.InJamie'sKitchen,hetaughtyoungpeoplehowtopreparemeals.Hisnextshow,Jamie'sSchoolDinners,isaboutchangingthefoodthatstudentseat.OliversawthatsomeschoolsinBritainwereservingjunkfood—foodthatiseasytoeatbutunhealthy.Althoughitcanbedelicious,junkfoodisnotverygoodforchildren.Itissometimesbadfortheirhealth,becauseitdoesn'tgivethemtheenergytheyneedatschool.Theysometimescan'tthinkwellorfeeldown,andtheysometimesputonweight.SomeofthejunkfoodthatOliverwantstochangeiscannedspaghetti,chickennuggets,Frenchfries,soda,andmuffins.Heencouragesschoolstoservefreshandhealthymeats,vegetables,andfruits.Hehelpstheschoolcookstomakehealthydinnerswithoutjunkfood.PeoplelikedOliver'sideaofbringingqualityfoodtoschools.Thousandsenjoyedhistelevisionshow.ButOliverwantedthemtodomorethanjustwatch.AthisFeedMeBetterwebsite,hecollectedover270,000signatures(簽名)fromsentthesesignaturestoBritishPrimeMinister(首相)TonyBlair.ThenBlairpromisedtohelpchangetheschoolkitchens,teachschoolcookstomakehealthyfood,andspendmoreonschooldinners.ThankstoJamieOliver,mychildrenwillbeabletoenjoymorehealthymealsatschool.語篇解讀：本文是記敘文。作者主要講述了JamieOliver為孩子們的飲食健康所做出的努力。1．WhatareJamieOliver'ssecretsabout?A．Cookingandeating.B．Howtobeagoodcook.C．Exercisingandsleeping.D．Wheretobuyhealthyfood.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“makesimplebutdeliciousfood”，“howtopreparemeals”和“changingthefoodthatstudentseat”可知，A項(xiàng)說法正確。2．WhichofthefollowingmayOliverlikebest?A．Muffins. B．Bananas.C．Frenchfries. D．Chickennuggets.解析：選B推理判斷題。由第三段中的“Someofthejunkfood...chickennuggets,Frenchfries,soda,andmuffins.”和“Heencourages...fruits.”可知，Oliver最有可能喜歡香蕉，故選B項(xiàng)。3．Whomightbetheauthorofthetext?A．Astudent. B．TonyBlair.C．Aparent. D．JamieOliver.解析：選C推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“ThankstoJamieOliver,mychildrenwillbeabletoenjoymorehealthymealsatschool.”可知，本文作者可能是一位家長，故選C項(xiàng)。BTheHawaiiTheHawaiiVolcanoes(火山)NationalPark,ontheislandofHawaii,hastwoactivevolcanoes:MaunaLoa,whichlasterupted(噴發(fā))in1984,is13,677feet(km)abovesealevel;KilaueaisnexttoMaunaLoaandithasbeeneruptingsinceJanuary3rd,1983.Itis4,190feet(km)aboveWhentovisitTheparkisopen24hoursadayallyearround.Therearenoplantsortreesonthelava(火山巖)fieldsandnoprotectionfromthesun,soyoumustbringsunscreen(防曬霜)．HowtogetthereThebestwaytogettotheparkistotakeHighway11.FromtheairportatHilo,Highway11willtakeyousouthwardacrosstheeasternpartoftheisland.ThingstoseeIfyouwanttoknowmoreaboutthepark,theKilaueaVisitorCenterissurelyastoptomake.Itisaquarterofamile(402m)fromtheparkentrance.There,youcanseeagreatmovieaboutreallavaandlearnabouttheisland'snaturalandculturalhistory.Thecenterisopenfrom7：45a．m.to5：00p．m.Therearealsomanyguidedwalksandhikes(徒步旅行)aroundthepark.Youmustcheckweatherconditionsandvolcanicactivitybeforehikingalone.Ifpossible,youmaydrivedownChainofCratersRoadtoseelavaTicketsEntrancetotheparkisforeachvehicle,forthosewhotravelonfootorrideabicycle.Childrenundertheageof15arefree.語篇解讀：本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了游覽夏威夷火山國家公園的一些相關(guān)事宜。4．DifferentfromMaunaLoa,Kilauea________.A．willdisappearsoon B．isclosedtovisitorsC．eruptsmoreoften D．ismuchbigger解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“MaunaLoa,whichlasterupted(噴發(fā))in1984”和“Kilauea...hasbeeneruptingsinceJanuary3rd,1983”可知，Kilauea5．TheKilaueaVisitorA．offersallkindsofmoviesB．isnexttotheparkentranceC．isopenfor8hourseverydayD．introducesvisitorstothepark解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Ifyouwantto...astoptomake.”和“There,youcan...learnabouttheisland'snaturalandculturalhistory.”可知，D項(xiàng)說法正確。6．Ifafamilyofthreedrivesacarintothepark,theyneedtopay________.A． B．C． D．解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的“Entrancetotheparkis$10.00foreachvehicle”可知，一家三口開車的話，進(jìn)入公園只需付十美元，故選B項(xiàng)。7．Thetextismostprobablytakenfrom________.A．a(chǎn)geographytextbookB．a(chǎn)newspaperreportC．a(chǎn)travelmagazineD．a(chǎn)researchpaper解析：選C推理判斷題。由文中的Whentovisit,Howtogetthere和Tickets等信息可知，本文很可能選自一本旅行雜志，故選C項(xiàng)。CTheTajMahal(泰姬陵)isconsideredtobeoneofthemostbeautifulbuildingsintheworldandthefinestexampleofthelatestyleofIndianarchitecture(建筑).ItisatAgrainnorthernIndia.ItliesbesidetheRiverJummainthemiddleofgardenswithquietpools.TheTajMahalwasbuiltbytheMogulemperor(皇帝)ShahJehan,whoruledIndiaintheseventeenthcentury.Itisinmemoryofhisfavoritewife,ArjumandBanuBagam,knownasMumtazMahal,whodiedin1631.Thebuilding,whichwascompletedbetween1632and1638,wasdesignedbyalocalMuslimarchitect(建筑師),UstadAhmadLahori.Thewholebuilding,withgardensandgatewaystructures,wascompletedin1643.TheTajMahalstandsatoneendofthegardentombwithmarble(大理石)path.Theroomissoftlylightedbythelightthatpassesthroughdoublescreensofcarvedmarblesethighinthewalls.Thebuildingnowiskeptingoodcondition.Ittook22yearstobuildtheTajMahal.ShahJehanplannedasimilarbuilding,butinblackinsteadofwhite,tolieontheothersideoftheriver.Butbeforeitcouldbebuilt,ShahJehanwasimprisoned(監(jiān)禁)byhissonandburiednexttohiswifeintheTajMahal.語篇解讀：本文主要講述了泰姬陵的一些信息。8．TheTajMahalwasbuiltfor________.A．MumtazMahal B．ShahJehanC．eitherMumtazorShah D．bothMumtazandShah解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Itisinmemoryofhisfavoritewife...knownasMumtazMahal”可知應(yīng)選A。9．WhydoyouthinkShahJehanwasburiednexttohiswife?A．H