八年級動詞不定式課件

動詞不定式1第一頁，共41頁。

肯定：to+V.原或者(to)+V.原否認：not/never+(to)+V.原Helikestoreadnovels.Isawhimcome.Wedecidednottobuythathouse.4)Itisinterestingtoflyakite.

5)Pleaselethimnotgothere.動詞不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)2第二頁，共41頁。作主語Tohearyourvoiceissonice.Tostudyhardisveryimportant.Itissonicetohearyourvoice.Itisveryimportanttostudyhard.不定式作主語時，通常用it作形式主語，把真正的主語放在后面。注意:1、Itis+adj.for/ofsb.todosth.3第三頁，共41頁。It+be+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.for:adj.多為描述不定式行為的特征〔important/necessary/interesting等.〕of:adj.多為描述主語的品質(zhì)特征〔kind/nice/friendly/wise/foolish等.〕作主語Itiseasy_______hertolearnEnglishwell.Itisclever________youtosolvetheproblem.offor4第四頁，共41頁。2、Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.

Ittakesmethreehourstofinishthehomeworkeveryday.作主語我每天花去三個小時完成家庭作業(yè)。Ispendthreehoursfinishingthehomeworkeveryday.5第五頁，共41頁。3、Itis+n.(forsb)todosth.

ItismypleasuretohelpyouwithyourEnglish.

作主語6第六頁，共41頁。4、用在諺語中

Toseeistobelieve.Tosayiseasy,buttodoishard.作主語7第七頁，共41頁。1、Itisnecessary______ustolearntowait.(of/for)2、Itwascareless______metobreakthecup.〔of/for)3、Ittookthem1,000yuan_________thistable.(buy)4、Itismypleasure_________theboxforyou.(carry)tobuyforoftocarry練習(xí)8第八頁，共41頁。5、輪到我們清掃教室了。

Itisourturn_________________________6、Towastetimeistoshortenlife.〔翻譯成中文〕tocleantheclassroom.浪費時間就是縮短生命。練習(xí)9第九頁，共41頁。1、動詞+todosth.常用動詞有：want/wish/like/wouldlike/hope/plan/try/decide/learn/need/agree/begin/start/forget/remember/manage/seem/fail/manage/promise等1、Ihopetofinishittomorrow.2、Sheplanstogoandteachinthecountry.作賓語10第十頁，共41頁。2、動詞＋疑問詞+todoIdon’tknow____________next.

Shecan’tdecide_________________.

作賓語2、她不能決定買哪本書。1、我不知道接下來該做什么。whattodowhichbooktobuy=Shecan’tdecidewhichbooksheshouldbuy.11第十一頁，共41頁。1、Don’tforget_________________.(關(guān)燈)2、Ihappened________whenhecalledme.〔出去〕3、Idon’twant________________.(依賴別人〕4、Samislearning________________.(怎樣開車〕5、Wepromise__________theenvironment.(保護)toturnoffthelighttogoouttodependonothershowtodriveacar練習(xí)toprotect12第十二頁，共41頁。1、動詞+賓語〔sb./sth.)+todosth.1、Theteacheraskedhertoanswerthequestion.2、Thedoctortoldmetohaveagoodrest.作賓補-對賓語進行補充說明

常用動詞有：ask,tell,allow,want等13第十三頁，共41頁。動詞多為感官動詞、使動詞。一感：feel二聽：hear,listento三使：make,let,have四看：see,notice,watch,lookatJohn’smothermakeshimplaythepianoeveryday.被動：John_________playthepianoeveryday.ismadeto2、動詞+賓語+不帶to的不定式14第十四頁，共41頁。1、Lethim_______theworkatonce.(finish/tofinish)2、Doyoulikelisteningtootherpeople______?(talk/talking/totalk)3、Jimwasseen_________theroom.(enter/toenter)4、Pleasetellher_________hereontime.(come/tocome)finishtalktoentertocome練習(xí)15第十五頁，共41頁。5、I’llhelpyou_________thisproblem.(tosolve/solve)6、Iwishyouwillstaywithus.(改成簡單句〕7、Herstorymadeuslaugh.(改成被動句〕(to)solveIwishyoutostaywithus.Weweremadetolaughbyherstory.16第十六頁，共41頁。1、主語+be+todosth

主語多為

duty/wish/hope/idea/plan/ambition/dream/work/job等

名詞

1、Myambitionistobeasinger.2、Hisworkistocleantheclassroomeveryday.作表語我的夢想是成為一名歌手。他的工作是每天清掃教室。17第十七頁，共41頁。2、諺語中1、Toknoweverythingistoknownothing.2、Toseeistobelieve.18第十八頁，共41頁。放在被修飾詞的后面Ihavealotofworktodo.Iwanttofindsomethingtodrink.作定語不定式為不及物動詞時后面應(yīng)有必要的介詞。I’mlookingforahotel_________.A.stayB.stayatC.tostayD.tostayatD位置：19第十九頁，共41頁。Hehasn’tgotahousetolive_____.Ihavenopenstowrite_______.in

with20第二十頁，共41頁。1、原因狀語:

主語+be+

adj.(表情感)+todosth.

(happy/gladangry/sorry/sad/afraid等)I’msorrytohearthat.作狀語I’mgladtoseeyou.21第二十一頁，共41頁。2、目的狀語

Thesoldierranintotheroomtosavethegirl._________thesoldierrunintotheroom?WhydidManyparentssendtheirchildrenabroad___________________.(深造學(xué)習(xí))tofurthertheirstudies22第二十二頁，共41頁。3、結(jié)果狀語

too+adj./adv.+todosth.adj./adv.enoughtodosth.Youaretooyoungtodothisjob.Heranfastenoughtocatchthebus.23第二十三頁，共41頁。動詞不定式可以充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞?、作主語2、作賓語3、作賓語補足語4、作表語5、作定語6、作狀語7、與特殊疑問詞連用8、特殊用法和固定表達24第二十四頁，共41頁。AllIdidwastogivehimsomeadvice.Hisdreamistotravelallovertheworld.

Lucyneedsafriendtoplaywith.Hewasthelastguesttoarrive.It’sinterestingtoreadasciencefiction.以下不定式作何種成分？〔表語〕〔表語〕〔定語〕〔定語〕〔主語〕25第二十五頁，共41頁。Hewasgladtoseeyou.

Myfatherofferedtobuyacomputerforme.

HeintervieweddetectiveKentogetsomeinformation.

Thedoctoraskedhimtohavemorefruitandvegetables.〔狀語〕〔賓語〕〔狀語〕〔賓語補足語〕以下不定式作何種成分？26第二十六頁，共41頁。1、習(xí)慣于beusedto_______

被用于beusedto_______Waterisusedto_____(put)outfires.Iamusedto_______(take)awalkaftersupper.2、prefer…to…比起……來更喜歡

比起游泳來，我更喜歡跑步。Iprefer________to___________.3、lookforwardto期待，盼望I’mlookingforwardto_______(visit)Beijingagain.介詞to

與不定式to

的區(qū)別puttakingrunningswimmingvisitingdodoing27第二十七頁，共41頁。動詞不定式28第二十八頁，共41頁。1.作主語2.作賓語3.作賓語補足語4.作定語5.作狀語6.作表語7.作獨立成分8.與疑問詞等連用29第二十九頁，共41頁。三.用法/功能Toseeistobelieve.It’simportanttolearn.(1).主語不定式作主語時,往往放在謂語之后,用it作形式主語.Myjobtohelpthepatient.Yourtasktocleantheclassroom.isis(2).表語30第三十頁，共41頁。Iwanttogohome.Theworkersdemandedtogetbetterpay.Ifounditnecessarytotalktohimagain.(3)賓語think/consider/findit+adj.+todo常用動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：hope,refuse,learn,setoutchoose,decide,agree,manage,pretend,plan.

31第三十一頁，共41頁。Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.(4).賓補二看

watchsee

lookat三使

let

make

have

一聽

listento

hear四注意:

feelwarn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等notice五感覺:32第三十二頁，共41頁。2.用作賓語補足語：(v.+sb.+todo)Sheaskedmetohelpher.Theteachertoldhimtocomeontime.Edison’smothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.

wantsb.todo wishsb.todo

getsb.todo ordersb.todo

findsb.tobe likesb.todo

wouldlikesb.todohelpsb.todo33第三十三頁，共41頁。Ihavesomethingtosay.Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.(5).定語(如果不定式中的動詞是不及物動詞,那么不定式中要有介詞.)34第三十四頁，共41頁。不定式作定語時，應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面，而且放在其他后置定語之后。1.不定式做定語與所修飾的詞之間有三種關(guān)系：(1)動賓關(guān)系Ihavealotofworktodo.我有很多工作要做。(2)主謂關(guān)系Heisalwaysthefirsttocome.他總是第一個來。(3)同位關(guān)系Weallhaveachancetogotocollege.

我們都有上大學(xué)的時機。35第三十五頁，共41頁。2.不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點工具等，即使是及物動詞，不定式后面仍須有相應(yīng)的介詞。

3.不定式所修飾的名詞如果是time,place或way，不定式后面的介詞習(xí)慣上要省去。

Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolive.

他沒錢沒地方住。請給我一支寫字的筆.Pleasegivemeapentowritewith.36第三十六頁，共41頁。4.something,anything,nothing,everything等復(fù)合不定代詞常用不定式做后置定語。注意比較：Doyouhaveanythingtosend?你有什么東西要寄嗎？〔不定式tosend的動作執(zhí)行者是you〕2.Doyouhaveanythingtobesent?

你有什么要〔我或別人〕寄的東西嗎？

〔不定式tobesent的動作執(zhí)行者是已被省略的me或someoneelse〕37第三十七頁