合工大研究生英語(yǔ)課件

Words&Expressions1.copewith2.blurtout3.inarticulate4.bestowsth.upon〔on〕sb.5.downright6.carrysb.away7.welloff8.getpossessionof9.putone’port22.thechancesare〔that〕1Words&Expressions1.copewith—beabletodealwith〔sth.〕difficult;managesuccessfullyExamples：Theylackthestrengthtocopewithalltheproblemsastheyarenotquiteexperienced.EvenMr.Smith,whoisnotedforhisinexhaustiblepatience,couldnotcopewiththisdifficultstudent.2.blurtout—say〔sth.〕suddenlyorwithoutthinkingoftheeffectorresultExamples：Peterwassoexcitedthatheblurtedthenewsoutbeforewecouldstophim.Kidsareknownforblurtingsomethingimportantoutatunusualtimes.2Words&Expressions3.inarticulateadj.—unabletoexpressoneselfclearlyandfluentlyExamples：Mymeetingswithhimleftmeinarticulatewithrage.Maisiehadalwaysthoughtofherselfasbeinguneducatedandinarticulate,andwassurprisedthatanyoneshouldaskheropinion.4.bestowsth.upon〔on〕sb.—presentsth.asagifttosb.Examples：Hedoesn’tdeservethepraisethathasbeenbestoweduponhim.Thenewrulertookhisenemies’propertyandbestowedituponhisfollowers.3Words&Expressions5.downrightadj.—usedtoemphasizethatsomethingiscompletelybadoruntrueExamples：Shehadmadetroublewhenevershecould,stealingherboyfriendsbytellingdownrightlies.Ithoughtmyweddingwas,despiteitslackingthefamiliartrappingsoftradition,downrightlegal.6.carrysb.away—〔usu.passive〕causesb.toloseself-controlorbeveryexcitedExamples：Hewassocarriedawaybyfearthathedidn’tknowwhathewassaying.Whenwelistentomusicweshouldallowourselvestobecarriedawayintothemusicalparadise.4Words&Expressions7.welloff—inaverygoodpositionorcondition,esp.financiallyExamples：Youshouldn’tgrumbleaboutthathouse;youdon’trealizewhenyou’rewelloff.Ithinkyou’dbebetteroffifyoujustmovedbacktoyourmother’shouseforawhile.8.getpossessionof—becometheowneroroccupier〔ofsth.〕Examples：Wedidn’tgetpossessionofthecaruntilafewdaysaftertheauction.Howdidyougetpossessionofthepainting?5Words&Expressions9.putone’smindtosth.—giveallone’sattentionto〔achieving〕sth.Examples：Idon’tthinkyou’reincapableofaccomplishingthattask;ifyouputyourmindtoit,youcandoit.Teupwith—findorproduce〔ananswer,asolution,etc.〕Examples：Scientistswillhavetocomeupwithnewmethodsofincreasingtheworld’sfoodsupply.Hereceivesideas,organizesandcomesupwithinterpretationsandnewideas.6Words&Expressions11.brushsth.off—removesth.withabrush;ignoresth.Examples：JohnbrushedoffBill’swarningthathemightfallfromthetree.I’vetriedtomakecontactwiththeneighborsbutthey’vealwaysbrushedmeoff.12.ontherighttrack—thinkingoractinginacorrectwayExamples：Hesolvedtheprobleminnotimebecausehestartedoutontherighttrack.We’vehadtheinitialtestresultsanditlooksasthoughwe’reontherighttrack.7Words&Expressions13.appalledadj.—veryshockedandupsetbysomethingverybadorunpleasantExamples：Appalledatthestateofthekitchen,shesetaboutscrubbingawaythelayersofgrimeandgrease.WhenIheardwhathadhappenedIwasabsolutelyappalled.14.beineptatdoingsth.—becompletelyunskillfulatdoingsth.Examples：InsomepartsofChina,awomanineptatstitchingwillbelaughedat.Whetherastudentisskillfulorineptatperformingthetaskdependsagreatdealontheteacher’sinstructions.8Words&Expressions15.fallflat—〔ofajoke,story,performance,etc.〕failcompletelytoproducetheeffectintendedorexpectedExamples：Whatwemeanttobeafunnystoryfellcompletelyflat.Theschemeforrebuildingthecitycentrefellflat,owingtotherefusalofthecounciltosanctiontheexpenditureofthemoneyitwouldhaverequired.16.fallapart—break;falltopiecesExamples：Anndidwhatshecoulddotokeepthemarriagefromfallingapart.Theonlyflawofthepoemisthattherhymefallsapartinthelastline.9Words&Expressions17.execrableadj.—verybad;detestableExamples：Criticsblamethestudents’poortestperformancesonexecrableteaching.YourhandwritingissoexecrablethatIcanhardlyreadit.18.adroitadj.—skilfulExamples：Theyarehighlyefficientandespeciallyadroitatpersuadingtheemployeestodomorework.Employingsuchdevicesisafinetestofsheerwritingskill,ofcarefulandadroitmanipulationoflanguage.10Words&Expressions19.poisen.—dignityandself-confidenceExamples：Theyfeltthathelackedsufficientpoiseandconfidenceforthejob.Nigelwasostentatiouslysmokingabigcigartogiveanillusionofpoise.20.etiquetten.—rulesforcorrectorpolitebehaviorbetweenpeopleorwithincertainprofessionsExamples：Itwasconsideredabreachofetiquettetorefuseaninvitation.Professionaletiquettedictatesthatjudgesshouldnotexpresstheiropinionsaboutacaseinpublic.11Words&Eportvt.—behave〔oneself〕Examples：Hecomportedhimselfinawaythatwonhimrespect.Theteachertellsuswhatthingsarelike,howtheworldis,andhowweshouldcomportourselvesinit.22.thechancesare〔that〕—itislikelythatExamples：Thechancesarethatshehasalreadyknownthebadnews,otherwiseshewouldn’tlooksodesperate.Thechancesarethattheinsecticideisapotentialthreattomanyspeciesofbirdsandmayevenleadtotheirextinction.12PassageanalysisLanguagepoints:(line1)IhavenevercultivatedamustachethoughI’msureonewouldenhancemydistinguishedlooksandcausewomentogiggleasIpassedalongtheboulevard.Ihavenevergotamustache,thoughI’msureifIhadamustache,Iwouldlookmorehandsome,andwillmakewomenlaughasIpassedalongtheboulevard.盡管我確信蓄胡子會(huì)使我更加氣度非凡，走在大街上會(huì)使女性發(fā)笑，但我從不留胡子.13Passageanalysiscultivateamoustache留胡子

cultivate:fosterthegrowthofeg.Heiscultivatingablondmustachewhichwillnottake.他嘴巴上留起了不招人喜歡的淡黃色的小胡子。enhance:makebetterormoreattractive

eg.Thissaucewillenhancetheflavorofthemeat.

14Passageanalysis(line4)Itinvitescompliments.Itencouragesotherstopaymecompliments.它會(huì)招來(lái)別人的恭維。(line7)ImightbethrownintosuchapanicthatI’dblurtout...ImightfeelgreatpanicsuddenlysothatIwouldsaywithouthesitation...我可能會(huì)驚慌得脫口而出...

15Passageanalysis(line9)

Itisoneoftheparadoxesofsocialintercoursethatacomplimentishardertorespondtothananinsult.Thefactthatitishardertorespondtoacomplimentthananinsultseemstobefoolishorimpossibleinsocialcommunicationbuthassometruthinit.在社會(huì)交往中，應(yīng)對(duì)恭維比對(duì)付辱罵要艱難得多，這話聽(tīng)起來(lái)有點(diǎn)矛盾，卻有一定的道理。16Passageanalysis(line10)Hereisanareaofsmalltalkthatmostofusactawkwardly.Complimentistheconversationabouteverydaymattersbutmostofusdon’tknowhowtorespondtoitproperly.閑聊時(shí)來(lái)句恭維話，往往讓我們大多數(shù)人不知所措。17Passageanalysis

(line12)Someoneuttersapleasing,praisefulremarkinourdirectionandwegrowinarticulateandourkneecapsbegintovibrate.Someonepaysacomplimenttousandwewillfeelatalossandourkneecapsbegintotremble.有人對(duì)我們說(shuō)上一句動(dòng)聽(tīng)、贊美的話，我們就慌得說(shuō)不出話來(lái)，膝蓋開(kāi)始瑟瑟發(fā)抖。18Passageanalysis(line14)Ican’tacceptwithgraceacomplimentbestoweduponmeforathingthatisn’treallmine.Icouldn’tembracetheparticularcomplimentwhichisbeyondme.如果別人稱贊不是真正屬于我自己的東西時(shí)，我根本無(wú)法欣然接受.

19Passageanalysis(line18)Ididn’tdoit.Ididn’tcreatethebeautifulvalley.山谷不是我造的.(line21)ThenearestIevercametodownrightacceptanceofthisparticularcomplimentwasthetimeIsaid,“Well,welikeit.〞IevercamenearesttocompleteacceptanceofthisparticularcomplimentwhenIsaid,“Well,welikeit.〞我在接受這種特定的恭維時(shí)，表示最能完全接受的說(shuō)法就是“嗯，我們喜歡。〞20Passageanalysis(line30)...carriedawaybythevastnessofhiscomplimentaryremark...tooexcitedbytheemptycomplimentaryremark被他的這種極度夸張的恭維話所吸引的21Passageanalysis(line32)Ithinkwemakeamistakewhenwereacttoacomplimentwithdenialandderogation.Ithinkitimpropertosay“no〞toacomplimentortolessenacompliment.我認(rèn)為，對(duì)待恭維采取否認(rèn)和貶低的態(tài)度是錯(cuò)誤的。22Passageanalysis(line35)Thesituationhereismuchthesameastheoneregardingmyview.這種情景，與我上述提出的觀點(diǎn)非常相似。

23Passageanalysis(line42)Iknowamanwhohasputhismindtothisproblemandcomeupwithatechniqueforbrushingoffpraise.Iknowamanwhogivesallhisthoughtsandattentiontothisproblemandthinksofawaytoremovepraise.我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)潛心研究這種問(wèn)題的人，他想出了一個(gè)方法來(lái)避開(kāi)別人的表?yè)P(yáng)。24Passageanalysis(line43)Heemploysasortofunreasonablerealism.Headoptsaveryrealistbutquiteunreasonableapproach.他采取了一種不近情理的現(xiàn)實(shí)態(tài)度。

25Passageanalysis(line51)Idon’tthinkthisfellowisontherighttrack.Idon’tthinkthisfellowactsinarightway.我想這個(gè)家伙答復(fù)的方式有問(wèn)題。(line55)Thissortofthing,thewittyreply,oughttobeplacedundergovernmentregulation.Thecleverreplyofthiskindshouldbediscouragedfrombeingoverused.這種俏皮機(jī)智的應(yīng)答，應(yīng)該置于政府的規(guī)定之中。26Passageanalysis(line61)Thatone,Ithought,wasmorethanpassable.Ithoughtthatreplywasfairlygood.我想，這個(gè)答復(fù)相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)。(line61)Butforeverygenuinelycleverretortthereareathousandthatfallflat.Outofathousandrepliesthatfailtoproducethedesiredeffect,onlyoneisreallyclever.但是，在千百次的應(yīng)對(duì)中才會(huì)有一句真正巧妙的應(yīng)答。27Passageanalysis

(line61)IttakesaDorothyParkeroraGeorgeS.Kaufmantohandlethequipcomebackwithskill.OnlyapersonlikeDorothyParkerorGeorgeS.Kaufmancanmanageacleverreplyskillfully.只有像多蘿西·帕克或喬治·考夫曼這樣的人才能應(yīng)對(duì)自如。28Passageanalysis

(line68)…swellouttheirchests…挺著胸脯

swell:(swelled;swollen)1.

increaseinsize,magnitude,number,orintensityeg.Themusicswelledtoacrescendo.

2.becomefilledwithpride,arrogance,orangereg.Themotherwasswellingwithpridewhenshespokeofherson"

=puffup,

29Passageanalysis

(line80)

Iworkedlikeadogtogetitwritten.Iworkedveryhardtowriteit.我當(dāng)時(shí)寫(xiě)得好苦啊。

30Passageanalysis(line81)...theunwrittencodeofauthorhood...theconventionthatauthorshavetofollow著書(shū)人的一條不成文的規(guī)定(line100)...withimmeasurablylovelyeggonyourface...withyourfeelingextremelyembarrassed一臉為難31Passageanalysis

(line101)

Thereisnopointintryingtoplaythegamebackatthem—they’lltopyouintheend,nomatterwhat.Itisnousetryingtomakeacleverretort—they’lleventuallysurpassyouinallsituations.要想回敬他們是沒(méi)有用的——不管說(shuō)什么，最后他們總會(huì)占上風(fēng)。32Passageanalysis

(line103)

...atthebottomofallgracefulsocialintercourseliespoise...keepingdignifiedandconfidentisthemostimportantinalldecentsocialintercourse在所有得體的社交場(chǎng)合，最根本的就是保持鎮(zhèn)定

33Passageanalysis

(line109)

...aladyofquality...aladyofhighsocialposition一位貴婦人

(line109)

GiventhesamecircumstancesIwouldhavequietlyaskedforacoilofrope.IfIwereinthesamesituation,Iwouldhavefeltsoashamedastohangmyselfwithacoilofropewithoutbeingnoticed.要是我遇到這種情況，我會(huì)感到極為窘迫，恨不得悄悄地找根繩子去上吊。

34Passageanalysis(line111)Hesaid,withsuperbcalmnessandgravity,“Madam,Iwillthankyouforthatgoose.〞Hesaid,verycalmlyandseriously,“Madam,Iwillthankyouifyougivemebackthegoose.〞〔Themancleverlyshiftstheembarrassmentbydeliberatingtalkingdowntoherinaformalanddignifiedway.〕他極為平靜而莊重地說(shuō)，“夫人，您把那鵝給我，我將感謝不盡。〞35Passageanalysis(line112)Ifwecouldallcomportourselveswiththatkindofdignity,andquitjittering,oursociallifewouldbemuchmoreenjoyable.要是我們的行為舉止都能保持這種風(fēng)度，擺脫局促不安，那我們的社交生活就會(huì)有趣得多。

36Passageanalysis(line116)

...thechanceshe’sjustmakingconversation......itisverylikelythathejustwantstohaveatalkwithyou...他可能只是想和你說(shuō)說(shuō)話。

37SectionfoursectionthreeSectiontwoSectiononeTextorganization.

(Para.1-4)It’sdifficulttoacceptwithgraceaparticularcompliment.

(Para.5-7)Peoplemakemistakeswhenreactingtoacomplimentwithdenialandderogation..

(Para.8-11)differenttechniquesemployedbydifferentpeopletocopewithcompliments.

(Para.12-13)conclusion:thepoiseinallsocialintercourse-theonlysensibleresponsetocomplimentsPassageanalysis38KeytoExercisesIII.VocabularyA.1.cameupwith2.Thechancesare3.fellflat4.bestowedupon5.downright6.putyourmind7.appalled8.verdict9.poise10.blurtedout39KeytoExercisesB.1.inarticulate2.insults3.inept4.glowingly5.execrable6.enhance7.invite8.sickly9.adroit10.charming40KeytoExercisesC.1.A2.C3.C4.B5.A6.C7.D8.A9.C10.A41KeytoExercisesIV.Cloze1.hesitant2.playing3.contributes4.or5.confidence6.external7.lurking8.whose9.because10.withhold

11.Gpetition16.achieved17.equal18.based19.enters20.enhancing42KeytoExercisesTranslationA.我想了片刻，覺(jué)得世界上講西班牙語(yǔ)的人最善于辭令，也許可以從他們身上學(xué)到點(diǎn)什么。你對(duì)他們中的一個(gè)人贊嘆說(shuō)，“我從來(lái)沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)這么漂亮的房子，〞他馬上答道，“您大駕光臨，更使蓬蓽生輝。〞讓你站在那兒，一臉為難。要想回敬他們是沒(méi)有用的——不管說(shuō)什么，最后他們總會(huì)占上風(fēng)。43KeytoExercises有一點(diǎn)很清楚：在所有得體的社交場(chǎng)合，最根本的就是保持鎮(zhèn)定。伊利莎·法勒寫(xiě)過(guò)一本美國(guó)最早的有關(guān)禮儀方面的書(shū)。她在書(shū)中講述了一個(gè)故事，說(shuō)明保持鎮(zhèn)定的重要性。那是在新英格蘭舉行的一次高雅的宴會(huì)上，主人切鵝時(shí)，鵝不慎脫手，滑出了